CN208040620U - A kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical axis wind power generation device, which comprises a central shaft and a number of blades evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the central shaft. A hub disc is fixedly set on the central shaft, and the hub disc is connected with the blade rotating shaft bearing through a blade support plate. The shaft bearing is provided with a blade shaft, the blade shaft is fixedly connected to the blade, the lower end of the central shaft is connected to the shaft of the generator through a coupling, the upper end of the central shaft is connected to the suspension shaft through a bearing, and the suspension shaft is provided with a device for automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the blade. The pitch-changing system uses the blades arranged in the vertical direction to drive the central shaft to rotate, and the central shaft drives the rotating shaft of the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, it is set above the central shaft. The wind blows the resistance of the blades during rotation, which improves the power generation efficiency.

Description

A vertical axis wind power generator

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy and power machinery, and in particular relates to a vertical axis wind power generating device.

Background technique

Energy is the driving force and guarantee for human development and progress. Improving the energy structure, using renewable energy, reducing environmental pollution, and improving people's quality of life have become a development direction that the global energy industry is concerned about. Wind energy technology is relatively mature in the current renewable energy, and has large-scale development conditions and commercialization prospects. The available wind energy on the earth is 2×10^7MW, which is 10 times larger than the total amount of water energy that can be developed and utilized on the earth, and is equivalent to the sum of the energy consumed by fossil fuels such as coal and oil in the world every year.

A wind power generation device refers to a device that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical kinetic energy, and then converts the mechanical energy into electrical kinetic energy. The principle is to use wind power to drive the blades of the windmill to rotate, and then increase the speed of rotation through the speed increaser to promote the generator to generate electricity. At present, commercial wind turbines are horizontal-axis wind turbines. Due to the special shape of the blades, the horizontal-axis wind turbines require high costs from design to manufacture. Compared with the traditional resistance type vertical axis wind turbine (S type), since the blades are rotating, as the speed increases, the relative speed between the wind and the blades decreases, and the generated wind energy becomes smaller. So so far, the wind turbines used for power generation are all horizontal axis, and there is no commercial vertical axis wind turbine.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a vertical axis wind power generation device. The utility model has a reasonable design and improves the power generation efficiency of wind energy by automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the blades.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a vertical axis wind power generation device described in the utility model includes a central shaft and a number of blades distributed on the outer periphery of the central shaft. All the blades are located on the same circle with the central shaft as the center of the circle. A hub disc is provided, and the hub disc is connected to the blade shaft bearing through the blade support plate. The blade shaft bearing is provided with a blade shaft, and the blade shaft is fixedly connected to the blade. The lower end of the central shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling, and the upper end of the central shaft The suspension shaft is connected to the suspension shaft through bearings, and the suspension shaft is equipped with a pitch control system for automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the blades. The pitch control system includes a cam connected to the suspension shaft through a bearing. A plurality of roller bearings are arranged, and the roller bearings are fixed on one end of the guide rod rack, and the other end of the guide rod rack meshes with the gear, and the gear is fixed on the top of the blade rotating shaft.

Further, the guide rod rack passes through the sleeve provided on the top of the guide rod support rod, the guide rod rack slides with the sleeve, and the lower part of the guide rod support rod is fixedly connected with the blade support plate.

Further, it also includes a mechanical yaw system. The mechanical yaw system includes a boss arranged on the upper part of the suspension shaft. The upper part of the boss is fixed with an empennage bearing and a worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the worm, and the worm and the output shaft of the yaw motor connection, the outer peripheral surface of the empennage bearing is fixedly connected with the empennage through the empennage connecting rod, the empennage contact is arranged on the empennage connecting rod, and the forward rotation cam contact and the reverse cam contact are respectively arranged on both sides of the empennage contact, when the empennage touches When the point rotates, it will be in contact with the forward rotation cam contact or the reverse rotation cam contact. The tail contact is connected with the conductive ring, and the conductive ring is connected with the power supply. The forward rotation cam contact and the reverse rotation cam contact are connected to the yaw motor through wires. on the forward and reverse terminals.

Further, the empennage is trapezoidal, and the height of the end away from the empennage connecting rod is greater than the height of the end close to the empennage connecting rod.

Further, it also includes a tower for providing support for the whole device, the tower includes four columns arranged in the vertical direction, and two adjacent columns are connected by horizontal support rods arranged in the horizontal direction.

Further, the top of the suspension shaft is fixed on the tower.

Further, it also includes that the lower part of the central shaft is connected with the support of the central shaft through a bearing, and the support of the central shaft is fixedly connected with the tower.

Further, the generator is provided with a generator fixing plate, and the generator fixing plate is fixed on the tower.

Further, the cross-section of the blade has the same shape and area from top to bottom, and the cross-section of the blade is an airfoil.

Further, a speed increaser is arranged between the coupling and the generator.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial technical effects. The utility model is a lift type (H type) vertical axis wind power generation device, and the blades arranged in the vertical direction are used to drive the central shaft to rotate, and the central shaft drives the power generation Compared with the traditional resistance type, during the rotation process of the blade, the resistance decreases sharply with the increase of the speed, but the lift increases instead, so the lift type vertical axis wind turbine has the characteristics of high wind energy utilization efficiency At the same time, a variable pitch system is set above the central axis to adjust the angle of attack of the blades and increase the lift of the blades. When the blades rotate, the resistance of the wind blowing the blades when the blades rotate is reduced, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of wind energy. Vertical axis wind power generation The machine has the advantage of low noise due to its slow speed.

Further, the guide rod rack passes through the sleeve provided on the top of the guide rod support rod, the guide rod rack is slidably matched with the sleeve, the lower part of the guide rod support rod is fixedly connected with the blade support plate, and passes through the sleeve on the guide rod support rod. Fix the direction of the guide rod rack so that the guide rod rack is always parallel to the blade support plate.

Further, it also includes a mechanical yaw system. The mechanical yaw system includes a boss arranged on the upper part of the suspension shaft. The upper part of the boss is fixed with an empennage bearing and a worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the worm, and the worm and the output shaft of the yaw motor connection, the outer peripheral surface of the empennage bearing is fixedly connected with the empennage through the empennage connecting rod, the empennage contact is arranged on the empennage connecting rod, and the forward rotation cam contact and the reverse cam contact are respectively arranged on both sides of the empennage contact, when the empennage touches When the point rotates, it will be in contact with the forward rotation cam contact or the reverse rotation cam contact. The tail contact is connected with the conductive ring, and the conductive ring is connected with the power supply. The forward rotation cam contact and the reverse rotation cam contact are connected to the yaw motor through wires. When the wind direction changes, the wind blows the empennage, and the position of the empennage contact changes, thereby triggering the forward or reverse rotation of the yaw motor, thereby starting the worm gear mechanism, and then driving the cam to rotate, thereby turning the cam, The blades and tail are adjusted to the current wind direction position. Compared with the yaw system controlled by PLC programming in today's horizontal axis wind turbines, this mechanical yaw system only uses simple mechanical transmission, so it has simple structure, accurate wind, and easy maintenance. , Low maintenance cost and other advantages.

Further, it also includes setting at the lower part of the central shaft to connect with the central shaft support through bearings, and the central shaft support is fixedly connected to the tower, so that the tower can support the wind wheel part, the pitch control system, the mechanical yaw system, etc. effect.

Furthermore, the cross section of the blade has the same shape and area from top to bottom, which is convenient for processing and low in declared production cost. The cross section of the blade is an airfoil shape, which utilizes the shape of an airplane airfoil, so that the lift force can be utilized and the utilization rate of wind energy can be improved.

Further, a speed increaser is arranged between the coupling and the generator, so that the rotation speed transmitted by the central shaft is amplified to reach the rotation speed required by the motor for power generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a pitch-variable vertical-axis wind turbine system;

Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional view of the contact switch;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the yaw motor and the worm;

In the drawings: 1-generator base, 2-bearing end cover, 3-hub disk, 4-blade support plate, 5-blade, 51-first protrusion, 52-second protrusion, 6-blade shaft bearing , 71-guide rod support rod, 72-sleeve, 8-blade shaft, 91-gear, 92-guide rod rack, 10-tail, 101-tail connecting rod, 11-forward rotation cam contact, 12-tail Contact, 13-worm bearing, 14-worm fixing plate, 15-yaw motor fixing plate, 16-tower, 17-yaw motor, 181-worm gear, 182-worm, 19-tail bearing, 20-conductive ring , 21-roller bearing, 22-cam, 23-hanging shaft, 24-bearing, 25-central shaft, 26-central shaft support, 27-coupling, 28-speed increaser, 29-generator fixing plate , 30-generator, 31-speed increaser fixed plate, 32-boss, 33-reverse cam contact.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In describing the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention. Novel and simplified descriptions do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a vertical axis wind power generation device includes five parts: a wind rotor part, a pitch control system, a mechanical yaw system, a transmission device, and a support device, wherein:

The wind wheel part includes two hub disks 3, eight blade support plates 4, four blades 5, eight blade shaft bearings 6 and four blade shafts 8, and the four blades 5 are located on the same circle centered on the central axis 25 and evenly arranged, the distance between two adjacent blades 5 is 90 degrees, the two hub disks 3 are welded on the central shaft 25 at intervals, and the outer peripheral surface of each hub disk 3 passes through one end of four blade support plates 4 at equal intervals Bolts are fixedly connected, the other end of the blade support plate 4 is fixedly connected with the blade rotating shaft bearing 6, and the side of the blade 5 close to the central axis 25 is provided with a first protrusion 51 and a second protrusion 52 at intervals, and the two protrusions are set along the vertical direction. There is a through hole, and the blade shaft 8 passes through the second protrusion 52 arranged on the lower part of the blade, the two blade shaft bearings 6 and the first protrusion 51 in sequence, and the top of the blade shaft 8 is fixedly connected with a gear 91 .

Wherein, the blade 5 is airfoil-shaped, and its cross section is all the same in shape and area from top to bottom.

The pitch control system includes a cam 22, four roller bearings 21, four secondary guide rod racks 92, four gears 91 and four guide rod support rods 71. The top surface of the cam 22 is fixedly connected with a boss 32, the boss 32 is stepped, the upper end of the central shaft 25 is connected with the lower end of the hanging shaft 23 through a bearing, and the upper part of the hanging shaft 23 passes through the cam 22, the boss 32, the empennage bearing 19 and the worm wheel 181 , the top is fixed on the tower 16, the suspension shaft 23 is connected with the cam 22 through the bearing, the cam 22 is provided with an annular groove, and the roller bearings 21 are arranged at equal intervals in the groove, and the roller bearings 21 are arranged in the cam groove along the side of the groove. Rolling, the roller bearing 21 is fixed on one end of the guide rod rack 92 through a pin shaft, the guide rod rack 92 passes through the sleeve 72 provided on the top of the guide rod support rod 71, and the other end meshes with the gear 91, and the guide rod rack 92 and The sleeve 72 is slidably fitted, the guide rod support rod 71 is fixed on the blade support plate 4 , and the gear 91 is fixed on the top of the blade rotating shaft 8 .

Seen from the top of the system, when the blade 5 rotates clockwise, eight blade support plates 4, guide rod support rod 7, blade rotating shaft 8, guide rod support rod 7, guide rod rack 92, gear 91, and 4 roller bearings 21, following it to rotate around the central axis 25, the four roller bearings 21 roll in the upper groove of the cam 22, pushing the guide rod rack 92 to move linearly, the guide rod rack 92 meshes with the gear 91, and the gear 91 drives the blade 5 to rotate The rotation of the rotating shaft 8 completes the adjustment of the angle of attack of the blades, reduces the resistance of the wind blowing the blades when the blades rotate, and improves the power generation efficiency of the device.

2 and 3, the mechanical yaw system includes a yaw motor 17, a worm gear 181, a worm 182, a worm bearing 13, an empennage bearing 19, an empennage 10, two cam contacts 11, an empennage contacts 12 and a conductive ring 20. The yaw motor 17 is fixed on the upper part of the tower 16 through the yaw motor fixing plate 15, the output shaft of the yaw motor 17 is connected to one end of the worm 182 through a coupling, and the other end of the worm 182 is connected to the worm fixing plate 14 through the worm bearing 13 , the empennage bearing 19 and the worm gear 181 are all arranged on the boss 32, wherein the worm gear 181 is welded on the boss 32, one end of the empennage connecting rod 101 is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the empennage bearing 19, and the other end is fixedly connected with the empennage 10, and the empennage 10 is Trapezoidal, the height of its end away from the empennage connecting rod 101 is greater than the height near the end of the empennage connecting rod 101, the empennage contact 12 is fixed on the upper end surface of the empennage connecting rod 101, the conductive ring 20 is suspended and fixed on the tower, connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and Connected with the empennage contact 12, the forward rotation cam contact 11 and the reverse rotation cam contact 33 are fixed on the upper surface of the cam 22, and the two cam contacts are respectively arranged on both sides of the empennage contact 12, and are located on the side of the empennage contact 12. On the movement track of the metal sheet, the two cam contacts 11 are connected to the forward and reverse terminals of the yaw motor 17 through wires.

When the wind direction changes, the wind blows the empennage 10, and the empennage contact 12 is in contact with the forward rotation cam contact 11 on the cam (or the reverse rotation cam contact 33 is in contact, the forward and reverse contact is related to the motor wiring and can be changed temporarily) , the forward rotation contact 11 is connected with the forward rotation terminal of the yaw motor 17, the motor rotates forward, drives the worm 182 to rotate, the worm 182 drives the worm gear 181 to rotate, and the worm gear 181 drives the cam 22 to rotate through the boss 32, thereby adjusting the cam to the current The position of the wind direction, and vice versa. After analysis, if the force-adjusting yaw mechanism of the empennage is used, the empennage needs to be designed very large. Since the empennage is relatively small and the force is small, the force on the switch contacts is not too great.

The transmission device includes a central shaft 25 , a coupling 27 , a speed increaser 28 and a generator 30 . Central shaft 25 is connected with central shaft support 26 by bearing, and is connected with shaft coupling 27 upper end, and shaft coupling 27 lower end is connected with speed-up gear 28 one end, and speed-up gear 28 other ends pass shaft coupling (not shown in the figure). Out) is connected with the rotating shaft of generator 3.

The supporting device includes a generator base 1, a bearing end cover 2, a central axis support 26, a suspension shaft 23, a bearing 24, a worm screw fixing plate 14, a yaw motor fixing plate 15, a tower 16, a generator fixing plate 29 and a speed increasing The device fixing plate 31, the central shaft support 26 is fixed on the lower part of the tower frame 16 by bolts, the central shaft support 26 is covered with a bearing end cover 2, the top of the hanging shaft 23 is fixed on the tower frame 26, and the lower end is arranged on the tower frame 26 through the bearing 24. On the central axis 25, the generator base 1 is fixed on the lower part of the tower 16, the generator 30 is fixed above the generator base 1, the generator 30 is provided with a generator fixing plate 29, and a speed increaser is arranged above the generator fixing plate 29 for fixing. Plate 31, speed increaser fixed plate 31 is fixed with speed increaser 28 (for increasing the rotating speed). Because the shaft coupling 27, the speed increaser 28 and the generator 30 are all under the whole power generating device, it is easy to maintain and repair, which also greatly reduces the later maintenance cost of the generator.

Tower frame 16 selects section bar for use, adopts four columns (two long columns, two short columns), and all the other are horizontal support rods that are used to connect four columns along the horizontal direction, and tower frame 16 lower ends are fixed with the foundation.

The working principle of this device is: when the starting wind speed is reached, the blade 5 rotates around the central axis 25, and when the blade 5 rotates around the central axis 25, it is regulated by the variable pitch system and also rotates around the blade rotating shaft 8; the central axis 25 Connect with the generator 30 through the coupling 27 and the speed increaser 28, so as to work and generate electricity; during the rotation of the blade 5 around the central axis 25, due to the different radii of curvature at different positions of the cam 22, the guide rod rack 92 will move along the The cam 22 moves radially, the guide rod rack drives the gear on the blade shaft 8 to rotate, the gear 9 drives the blade shaft 8 and the blade 5 to rotate, changes the angle of attack of the blade, and realizes the function of automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the blade, thereby reducing resistance and increasing Wind energy utilization rate; when the wind direction changes, the external power supply is connected to the electric shock through the conductive ring, the positive pole of the conductive ring is connected to the power supply, the negative pole is connected to the negative pole of the motor, and the positive pole of the motor is connected to a forward switch or a reverse switch. For the yaw motor 17 Power on, the mechanical yaw system automatically faces the wind, and completes the automatic adjustment of the pitch control system.

Example 2

The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the number of blades 5 in this embodiment is three, and the number of corresponding guide rod racks 91, roller bearings 21, and guide rod support rods is the same as the number of blades , the number of blade support rods 4 is twice the number of blades 5 .

Example 3

The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the number of blades 5 in this embodiment is 6, and the number of corresponding guide rod racks 91, roller bearings 21, and guide rod support rods is the same as the number of blades , the number of blade support rods 4 is twice the number of blades 5 .

Example 4

The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the number of blades 5 in this embodiment is 8, and the number of corresponding guide rod racks 91, roller bearings 21, and guide rod support rods is the same as the number of blades , the number of blade support rods 4 is twice the number of blades 5 .

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft, which is characterized in that including central shaft (25) and several be distributed in central shaft (25) The blade (5) of periphery, it is on the same circumference in the center of circle, on central shaft (25) that all blades (5), which are located at central shaft (25), Fixing sleeve is equipped with wheel hub plate (3), and wheel hub plate (3) is connect by blade support plate (4) with blade rotor bearing (6), blade rotor Blade rotor (8) is provided in bearing (6), blade rotor (8) is fixedly connected with blade (5), and central shaft (25) lower end passes through connection Axis device (27) is connect with the shaft of generator (30), and central shaft (25) upper end is connect by bearing with hanging axis (23), hanging axis (23) On be provided with pitch-variable system for adjust automatically attack angle of blade, pitch-variable system includes being connect with hanging axis (23) by bearing Cam (22), be arranged on cam (22) fluted, roller bearing (21) be arranged at intervals in groove, roller bearing (21) is fixed In guide rod rack (92) one end, guide rod rack (92) other end is engaged with gear (91), and gear (91) is fixed on blade rotor (8) Top.

2. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that guide rod rack (92) is passed through and led The sleeve (72) being arranged at the top of bar supporting rod (71), guide rod rack (92) are slidably matched with sleeve (72), guide rod supports bar (71) It is fixedly connected with blade support plate (4).

3. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include mechanical yaw system System, mechanical yaw system include boss (32) of the setting on hanging axis (23) top, and boss (32) top is fixedly installed empennage Bearing (19) and worm gear (181), worm gear (181) are engaged with worm screw (182), the output of worm screw (182) and yaw motor (17) Axis connection, empennage bearing (19) peripheral surface are fixedly connected by empennage connecting rod (101) with empennage (10), empennage connecting rod (101) empennage contact (12) is provided on, the both sides of empennage contact (12) be respectively arranged with rotate forward cam contact (11) and instead Rotating cam contact (33), when empennage contact (12) rotate, meeting and rotating forward cam contact (11) or inverse cam contact (33) connect It touches, empennage contact (12) connect with conducting ring (20), and conducting ring (20) is connect with power supply, rotate forward cam contact (11) and reversion is convex Wheel contact (33) is connected to by conducting wire on the positive and negative rotation binding post of yaw motor (17).

4. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 3, which is characterized in that empennage (10) be it is trapezoidal, Height far from empennage connecting rod (101) one end is more than the height close to empennage connecting rod (101) one end.

5. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for being filled to be entire The pylon (16) that support is provided is set, pylon (16) includes four columns being arranged in vertical, between two adjacent columns It is connected by horizontally arranged transverse support bar.

6. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be fixed at the top of hanging axis (23) On pylon (16).

7. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include centrally disposed axis (25) lower part is connect by bearing with center shaft stool (26), and center shaft stool (26) is fixedly connected with pylon (16).

8. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that generator is provided on (30) Generator fixing plate (29), generator fixing plate (29) are fixed on pylon (16).

9. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cross section of blade (5) is certainly Up to lower shape and area all same, blade（5）Cross section be aerofoil profile.

10. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that shaft coupling (27) and power generation Speed increaser (28) is provided between machine (3).