CN208040620U - A kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft, including central shaft and several blades for being uniformly distributed in central shaft periphery, fixing sleeve is equipped with wheel hub plate on central shaft, wheel hub plate is connect by blade support plate with blade rotor bearing, it is provided with blade rotor in blade rotor bearing, blade rotor is fixedly connected with blade, central shaft lower end is connected by the shaft of shaft coupling and generator, central shaft upper end is connect by bearing with hanging axis, the pitch-variable system for adjust automatically attack angle of blade is provided on hanging axis, central axis is driven using blade arranged in a vertical direction, central shaft drives the rotation axis of generator to generate electricity, side's setting on center shaft simultaneously, pitch-variable system, the regulation blade angle of attack, the resistance of wind blade when reducing blade revolution, improve generating efficiency.

Description

A kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft

Technical field

The utility model belongs to energy source and power class machinery technical field, and in particular to a kind of vertical axis wind power generation dress It sets.

Background technology

The energy is power and the guarantee of human development progress.Improve energy resource structure, utilize regenerative resource, mitigation environment dirt Dye improves people's living standard, it has also become a developing direction of global energy industry concern.Wind energy is in current regenerative resource Middle technology relative maturity, and the exploit condition with scale and commercialized foreground.Available wind energy is 2 × 10 on the earth ^7MW, the water energy total amount than that can be developed and used on the earth is also 10 times big, is equivalent to the fossils such as coal, the oil that the whole world consumes every year The summation of fuel energy.

Wind power generation plant refers to that the kinetic energy of wind is transformed into mechanical kinetic energy, then mechanical energy is converted into the dress of electric power kinetic energy It sets.Its principle is to drive air vane to rotate using wind-force, then promote the speed of rotation through booster engine, to promote generator Power generation.Commercial wind generator is horizontal axis wind-driven generator at present, and horizontal axis wind-driven generator is special due to the shape of its blade Very, from be designed into manufacture need it is of high cost.With traditional resistance type vertical shaft wind driven generator (S types), since blade is rotating In the process, with the increase of rotating speed, the relative velocity between wind and blade reduces, and the wind energy of generation becomes smaller.So to being at present Only, the wind-driven generator for being used for power generation is all trunnion axis, and there are no commercialized vertical axis aerogenerator groups.

Invention content

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft, and the utility model is set Meter is reasonable, and the generating efficiency of wind energy is improved by automatically adjusting attack angle of blade.

In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft described in the utility model includes central shaft and several points It is distributed in the blade of central shaft periphery, all blades are located at using central shaft on the same circumference in the center of circle, to be fixed on central shaft It is arranged with wheel hub plate, wheel hub plate is connect by blade support plate with blade rotor bearing, and blade is provided in blade rotor bearing Shaft, blade rotor are fixedly connected with blade, and central shaft lower end is connected by the shaft of shaft coupling and generator, central shaft upper end It is connect with hanging axis by bearing, the pitch-variable system for adjust automatically attack angle of blade, pitch-variable system packet is provided on hanging axis The cam being connect with hanging axis by bearing is included, annular groove is provided on cam, several roller bearings are arranged at intervals in groove, Roller bearing is fixed on guide rod rack one end, and the guide rod rack other end is engaged with gear, and gear is fixed at the top of blade rotor.

Further, guide rod rack passes through the sleeve being arranged at the top of guide rod supports bar, guide rod rack to be slidably matched with sleeve, Guide rod supports bar lower part is fixedly connected with blade support plate.

Further, further including mechanical yaw system, mechanical yaw system includes the boss being arranged on hanging axis top, Boss top is fixedly installed empennage bearing and worm gear, and worm gear is engaged with worm screw, the output axis connection of worm screw and yaw motor, Empennage bearing peripheral surface is fixedly connected by empennage connecting rod with empennage, empennage contact is provided in empennage connecting rod, in empennage The both sides of contact, which are respectively arranged with, rotates forward cam contact and inverse cam contact, can be touched with positive rotating cam when empennage contact rotates Point or inverse cam contact, empennage contact connect with conducting ring, and conducting ring is connect with power supply, rotate forward cam contact and reversion Cam contact is connected to by conducting wire on the positive and negative rotation binding post of yaw motor.

Further, empennage is trapezoidal, and the height far from empennage connecting rod one end is more than close to empennage connecting rod one end Height.

Further, further include pylon for providing support for whole device, pylon is vertically set including four The column set passes through horizontally arranged transverse support bar between two adjacent columns and connects.

Further, it is fixed on pylon at the top of hanging axis.

Further, further include that centrally disposed axis lower part is connect by bearing with center shaft stool, center shaft stool with Pylon is fixedly connected.

Further, generator fixing plate is provided on generator, generator fixing plate is fixed on pylon.

Further, the cross section of the cross section of blade shape and area all same from top to bottom, blade is aerofoil profile.

Further, speed increaser is provided between shaft coupling and generator.

Compared with prior art, the utility model at least has technique effect beneficial below, and the utility model is lift Type (H-type) wind power generating set with vertical shaft drives central axis, central shaft to drive power generation using blade arranged in a vertical direction The rotation axis of machine generates electricity, and compared with traditional resistance-type, blade drastically subtracts in rotary course with the increase resistance of rotating speed It is small, and lift increases instead, so lifting-force type vertical-axis wind power generator has the characteristics that wind energy utilization efficiency is high, while at center Pitch-variable system is set above axis, the regulation blade angle of attack increases blade lift, when blade turns round, wind when reducing blade revolution The resistance of blade is blown, and then substantially increases wind energy utilization, vertical axis aerogenerator has noise small since rotating speed is slow Advantage.

Further, guide rod rack passes through the sleeve being arranged at the top of guide rod supports bar, guide rod rack to be slidably matched with sleeve, Guide rod supports bar lower part is fixedly connected with blade support plate, by the direction of the sleeve location guide rack on guide rod supports bar, Keep guide rod rack and blade support plate parallel always.

Further, further including mechanical yaw system, mechanical yaw system includes the boss being arranged on hanging axis top, Boss top is fixedly installed empennage bearing and worm gear, and worm gear is engaged with worm screw, the output axis connection of worm screw and yaw motor, Empennage bearing peripheral surface is fixedly connected by empennage connecting rod with empennage, empennage contact is provided in empennage connecting rod, in empennage The both sides of contact, which are respectively arranged with, rotates forward cam contact and inverse cam contact, can be touched with positive rotating cam when empennage contact rotates Point or inverse cam contact, empennage contact connect with conducting ring, and conducting ring is connect with power supply, rotate forward cam contact and reversion Cam contact is connected to by conducting wire on the positive and negative rotation binding post of yaw motor, and when change of the wind, wind blows empennage, empennage Contact position changes, and to trigger yaw motor forward or reverse, to start worm gear mechanism, and then turns with moving cam It is dynamic, to which cam, blade and empennage are adjusted to current wind direction position, programmed using PLC with current horizontal axis wind-driven generator Control yaw system is compared, this mechanical yaw system is due to only with simple and mechanical transmission, so with simple in structure, to wind Accurately, easy to maintenance, the advantages such as maintenance cost is low.

Further, further include that centrally disposed axis lower part is connect by bearing with center shaft stool, center shaft stool with Pylon is fixedly connected, and pylon is made to play a supportive role wind wheel part, pitch-variable system, mechanical yaw system etc..

Further, the cross section of blade shape and area all same from top to bottom, easy to process, it is at low cost to declare production, The cross section of blade is aerofoil profile, and aircraft aerofoil shape is utilized, and so as to utilize lift, improves wind energy utilization.

Further, it is provided with speed increaser between shaft coupling and generator, makes the rotating speed that central shaft passes out by amplification Reach the rotating speed required by electric power generation.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is Variable Pitch vertical shaft wind generator system stereogram；

Fig. 2 is contact switch partial 3 d figure；

The connection diagram of Fig. 3 yaw motors and worm screw；

In attached drawing：1- generator bases, 2- bearing (ball) covers, 3- wheel hub plates, 4- blade support plates, 5- blades, 51- first are convex It rises, the second protrusions of 52-, 6- blade rotor bearings, 71- guide rod supports bars, 72- sleeves, 8- blade rotors, 91- gears, 92- is led Bar rack, 10- empennages, 101- empennage connecting rods, 11- rotate forward cam contact, 12- empennages contact, 13- worm bearings, 14- worm screws Fixed plate, 15- yaw motor fixed plates, 16- pylons, 17- yaw motors, 181- worm gears, 182- worm screws, 19- empennage bearings, 20- conducting rings, 21- roller bearings, 22- cams, 23- hanging axises, 24- bearings, 25- central shafts, the centers 26- shaft stool, 27- shaft couplings Device, 28- speed increasers, 29- generator fixing plates, 30- generators, 31- speed increaser fixed plates, 32- boss, 33- inverse cams touch Point.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicate Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore cannot understand For limitations of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as instruction or It implies relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The spy of " first ", " second " is defined as a result, Sign can explicitly or implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise saying Bright, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.

Embodiment 1

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft includes wind wheel part, pitch-variable system, mechanical yaw System, transmission device, five part of support device, wherein：

Wind wheel part includes two blades of blade support plate 4, four of wheel hub plate 3, eight, 5, eight 6 and of blade rotor bearing Four blade rotors 8, four blades 5 are located at central shaft 25 on the same circumference in the center of circle, and are evenly arranged, and two adjacent Blade 5 between be spaced 90 degree, two wheel hub plates 3 are spaced and are welded on central shaft 25,3 peripheral surface of each wheel hub plate at equal intervals with Four 4 one end of blade support plate are bolted to connection, and 4 other end of blade support plate is fixedly connected with blade rotor bearing 6, Blade 5 is arranged at intervals with the first protrusion 51 close to the side of central shaft 25 and the second protrusion 52, two protrusions are vertically opened Equipped with through-hole, blade rotor 8, which sequentially passes through, to be arranged in 52, two blade rotor bearings 6 of the second protrusion of blade lower part and One protrusion 51,8 top of blade rotor are fixedly connected with gear 91.

Wherein, blade 5 is wing, cross section shape and area all same from top to bottom.

Pitch-variable system includes 22, four roller bearings 21 of a cam, fourth officer guide rod rack 92, four gears 91 and four A guide rod supports bar 71.22 top surface of cam is fixedly connected with boss 32, and boss 32 is step, and 25 upper end of central shaft passes through bearing It is connect with 23 lower end of hanging axis, 23 top of hanging axis passes through cam 22, boss 32, empennage bearing 19 and worm gear 181, and top is fixed on tower On frame 16, hanging axis 23 is connect by bearing with cam 22, and annular groove is provided on cam 22, rolling is equidistantly provided in groove Sub- bearing 21, roller bearing 21 roll in cam path along slot side, and roller bearing 21 is fixed on guide rod rack 92 by axis pin One end, guide rod rack 92 pass through the sleeve 72 that 71 top of guide rod supports bar is arranged, the other end to be engaged with gear 91, guide rod rack 92 It is slidably matched with sleeve 72, guide rod supports bar 71 is fixed on blade support plate 4, and gear 91 is fixed on 8 top of blade rotor.

Above system, when blade 5 rotates clockwise, eight blade support plates 4, guide rod supports bar 7, blade rotor 8,91,4 guide rod supports bar 7, guide rod rack 92, gear roller bearings 21, with therewith around the rotation of central shaft 25,4 Roller Shafts It holds 21 to roll in slot on cam 22, guide rod rack 92 is pushed to move along a straight line, guide rod rack 92 is engaged with gear 91,91 band of gear 8 rotation around the shaft of movable vane piece 5, completes the regulation blade angle of attack, and the resistance of wind blade, improves this dress when reducing blade revolution The generating efficiency set.

With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, mechanical yaw system includes 17, one, yaw motor, 181, one, a worm gear worm screw 182,19, one, the empennage bearing cam contact 11, one of empennage 10, two of worm bearing 13, one, 12 and of empennage contact One conducting ring 20.Yaw motor 17 yaws motor 17 by being fixed on 16 top of pylon in yaw motor fixed plate 15 Output shaft connect with 182 one end of worm screw by shaft coupling, 182 other end of worm screw passes through worm bearing 13 and worm screw fixed plate 14 Connection, empennage bearing 19 and worm gear 181 are arranged on boss 32, and wherein worm gear 181 is welded on boss 32, empennage connecting rod 101 one end are fixed on 19 peripheral surface of empennage bearing, and the other end is fixedly connected with empennage 10, and empennage 10 is trapezoidal, far from tail The height of 101 one end of wing connecting rod is more than the height close to 101 one end of empennage connecting rod, and empennage contact 12 is fixed on empennage connection 101 upper surface of bar, the suspension of conducting ring 20 are fixed on pylon, are connected with positive pole, and connect with empennage contact 12, rotate forward convex Wheel contact 11 and inverse cam contact 33 are fixed on 22 upper surface of cam, and two cam contacts are separately positioned on 12 liang of empennage contact Side, and on the movement locus of the sheet metal of empennage contact 12, two cam contacts 11 are simultaneously connected to yaw electricity by conducting wire On the positive and negative rotation binding post of motivation 17.

When change of the wind, wind blows empennage 10, and empennage contact 12 contacts (or anti-with the rotating forward cam contact 11 on cam Rotating cam contact 33 contacts, and positive and negative rotation contact is related with motor wiring, can Iterim Change), forward contact 11 with yaw motor 17 rotate forward binding post connection, and motor rotates forward, and worm screw 182 is driven to rotate, and worm screw 182 drives the rotation of worm gear 181, worm gear 181 to pass through Boss 32 is rotated with moving cam 22, to which cam adjustment to current wind direction position, reversion is as the same.Through analysis, if using empennage Stress adjust Yawing mechanism, empennage need to design it is very big, since empennage is smaller, stress also very little, so switch touches Point stress is nor very big.

Transmission device includes central shaft 25, shaft coupling 27, speed increaser 28 and generator 30.Central shaft 25 is by bearing in Mandrel bearing 26 connects, and is connect with 27 upper end of shaft coupling, and 27 lower end of shaft coupling is connect with 28 one end of speed increaser, and speed increaser 28 is another One end is connect by shaft coupling (being not drawn into figure) with the shaft of generator 3.

Support device includes that generator base 1, bearing (ball) cover 2, center shaft stool 26, hanging axis 23, bearing 24, worm screw are fixed Plate 14, yaw motor fixed plate 15, pylon 16, generator fixing plate 29 and speed increaser fixed plate 31, center shaft stool 26 pass through Bolt is fixed on 16 lower part of pylon, and center shaft stool 26 is covered above there are one bearing (ball) cover 2, and 23 top of hanging axis is fixed on pylon On 26, by 24 centrally disposed axis 25 of bearing, generator base 1 is fixed on 16 lower part of pylon for lower end, on generator base 1 Face fixed generator 30, generator fixing plate 29 is provided on generator 30, and 29 top of generator fixing plate is provided with speed increaser Fixed plate 31 is fixed with speed increaser 28 in speed increaser fixed plate 31 (for increasing rotating speed).Because of shaft coupling 27, speed increaser 28 With generator 30 all in the lower section of entire power generator, easy to maintain and repair, this also greatly reduces the later stage dimension of generator Protect cost.

Pylon 16 selects proximate matter, and using four columns (two root long columns, two short columns), remaining is for connecting four The horizontally disposed transverse support bar of column, 16 lower end of pylon are fixed with ground.

The operation principle of the present apparatus is：When reaching threshold wind velocity, blade 5 is rotated around central shaft 25, in blade 5 around center While axis 25 rotates, adjusted by pitch-variable system, it can also be around 8 rotation of blade rotor；Central shaft 25 passes through shaft coupling 27, speedup Device 28 is connect with generator 30, to the power generation that works；During blade 5 rotates a circle around central shaft 25, due to cam 22 The radius of curvature of different location is different, and guide rod rack 92 can be moved radially along cam 22, on guide rod rack drives blade rotor 8 Gear rotates, and gear 9 drives blade rotor 8, blade 5 to rotate, and changes attack angle of blade, realizes the work(of automatic adjustment attack angle of blade Can, to drag reduction power, increase wind energy utilization；When wind vector, external power supply is by conducting ring and electric shock, and conducting ring is just Pole is connected with power supply, and cathode is connected with the cathode of motor, and the anode of motor is connected with rotating forward switch or reversal switch, to inclined Avionics machine 17 is powered, and mechanical yaw system to wind, completes the automatic adjustment to Variable Pitch system automatically.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment the difference is that only that the quantity of the blade 5 of the present embodiment is 3, is led accordingly with embodiment 1 Bar rack 91, roller bearing 21, the quantity of guide rod supports bar are identical as the quantity of blade, and the quantity of blade support bar 4 is blade 5 Twice of quantity.

Embodiment 3

The present embodiment the difference is that only that the quantity of the blade 5 of the present embodiment is 6, is led accordingly with embodiment 1 Bar rack 91, roller bearing 21, the quantity of guide rod supports bar are identical as the quantity of blade, and the quantity of blade support bar 4 is blade 5 Twice of quantity.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment the difference is that only that the quantity of the blade 5 of the present embodiment is 8, is led accordingly with embodiment 1 Bar rack 91, roller bearing 21, the quantity of guide rod supports bar are identical as the quantity of blade, and the quantity of blade support bar 4 is blade 5 Twice of quantity.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft, which is characterized in that including central shaft (25) and several be distributed in central shaft (25) The blade (5) of periphery, it is on the same circumference in the center of circle, on central shaft (25) that all blades (5), which are located at central shaft (25), Fixing sleeve is equipped with wheel hub plate (3), and wheel hub plate (3) is connect by blade support plate (4) with blade rotor bearing (6), blade rotor Blade rotor (8) is provided in bearing (6), blade rotor (8) is fixedly connected with blade (5), and central shaft (25) lower end passes through connection Axis device (27) is connect with the shaft of generator (30), and central shaft (25) upper end is connect by bearing with hanging axis (23), hanging axis (23) On be provided with pitch-variable system for adjust automatically attack angle of blade, pitch-variable system includes being connect with hanging axis (23) by bearing Cam (22), be arranged on cam (22) fluted, roller bearing (21) be arranged at intervals in groove, roller bearing (21) is fixed In guide rod rack (92) one end, guide rod rack (92) other end is engaged with gear (91), and gear (91) is fixed on blade rotor (8) Top.

2. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that guide rod rack (92) is passed through and led The sleeve (72) being arranged at the top of bar supporting rod (71), guide rod rack (92) are slidably matched with sleeve (72), guide rod supports bar (71) It is fixedly connected with blade support plate (4).

3. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include mechanical yaw system System, mechanical yaw system include boss (32) of the setting on hanging axis (23) top, and boss (32) top is fixedly installed empennage Bearing (19) and worm gear (181), worm gear (181) are engaged with worm screw (182), the output of worm screw (182) and yaw motor (17) Axis connection, empennage bearing (19) peripheral surface are fixedly connected by empennage connecting rod (101) with empennage (10), empennage connecting rod (101) empennage contact (12) is provided on, the both sides of empennage contact (12) be respectively arranged with rotate forward cam contact (11) and instead Rotating cam contact (33), when empennage contact (12) rotate, meeting and rotating forward cam contact (11) or inverse cam contact (33) connect It touches, empennage contact (12) connect with conducting ring (20), and conducting ring (20) is connect with power supply, rotate forward cam contact (11) and reversion is convex Wheel contact (33) is connected to by conducting wire on the positive and negative rotation binding post of yaw motor (17).

4. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 3, which is characterized in that empennage (10) be it is trapezoidal, Height far from empennage connecting rod (101) one end is more than the height close to empennage connecting rod (101) one end.

5. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for being filled to be entire The pylon (16) that support is provided is set, pylon (16) includes four columns being arranged in vertical, between two adjacent columns It is connected by horizontally arranged transverse support bar.

6. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be fixed at the top of hanging axis (23) On pylon (16).

7. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include centrally disposed axis (25) lower part is connect by bearing with center shaft stool (26), and center shaft stool (26) is fixedly connected with pylon (16).

8. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that generator is provided on (30) Generator fixing plate (29), generator fixing plate (29) are fixed on pylon (16).

9. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cross section of blade (5) is certainly Up to lower shape and area all same, blade（5）Cross section be aerofoil profile.

10. a kind of wind power generating set with vertical shaft according to claim 1, which is characterized in that shaft coupling (27) and power generation Speed increaser (28) is provided between machine (3).