CN208040596U - Needle-free valve pre-compressed spring diesel injector - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of diesel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring, characterized in that the valve seat of injector control valve uses slot hole T-type rod structure（2001c）, liquid controls the tail portion hydraulic pressure of needle-valve by the slot hole of the valve seat of control valve；T-type guide's valve seat uses floating mount structure：The big end that T-type controls valve base is downward; T-type guide's valve seat long column is slidedly assemblied in the centre bore of oil injector body; T-type controls the big end of valve base and the centre bore of oil injector body is equipped with mutually matched sealed seat surface; T-type control valve base lower end hydraulic coupling makes on the sealing surface of the sealing surface pressure of T-type control valve base in the injector body; needle-valve tail portion is not installed by needle valve spring; when engine is shut down or is just started, control valve spring also plays the effect of needle-valve pre-compressed spring, needle-valve is made to close；When control valve is closed, needle-valve tail portion pressure is higher than needle-valve forefront pressure, is closed by pressure official post needle-valve.

Description

Needle-free valve pre-compressed spring diesel injector

Technical field

The utility model belongs to diesel engine fuel injecting field, especially high pressure common rail electric-controlled oil spout field.

Background technology

Well known high pressure common rail electric control fuel injector, overall structure are Pilotoperated reducing valve, and primary structure can be divided into three portions Part, needle-valve part, pilot valve part and electromagnet part.1, needle-valve part：Also it is fuel injector couple, including with multiple nozzles Needle-valve body and needle-valve, needle-valve body are communicated with high-pressure diesel, this is the execution unit for directly controlling fuel injector, due to needle-valve stress surface Product is big, and diesel pressure is high, while being limited by installation space, cannot be directly driven with electromagnet；2, pilot valve：Pilot valve is also named control Valve processed is that high-speed electric control hydraulic valve controls needle-valve after amplifying the electromagnetic force of electromagnet by hydraulic pressure by high velocity liquid pressure valve Lifting, to realize control oil spout.Current main pilot valve and control mechanism have two class formations：（1）With doctor（BOSCH) it is generation The structure of the band control plunger of table, the valve body of pilot valve are sphere, and the valve seat of pilot valve is taper, pilot valve installation site compared with Height, farther out apart from needle-valve body, the cone bottom of guide's valve base have oil extraction metering-orifice to be communicated with control hydraulic cylinder, are provided on application valve body Oil inlet metering-orifice, control hydraulic cylinder by control plunger and application valve body form, the needle-valve of couple and control plunger are in tandem together, The diameter for controlling plunger is more than couple needle-valve diameter, and oil return hole, the needle-valve of couple are equipped between the needle-valve and control plunger of couple Upper installation pre-compressed spring realizes that needle-valve and control plunger totality stressing conditions change by the pressure of solenoid valve control hydraulic cylinder Become, when pilot valve is opened, controls the pressure reduction in hydraulic cylinder, needle-valve and control plunger resultant force make needle-valve lift, solenoid valve When closing, the pressure rise of hydraulic cylinder is controlled, needle-valve and control plunger resultant force make needle-valve close.（2）With Delphi （Delphi it) is installed close to needle-valve for representative without plunger type, pilot valve is controlled, pilot valve directly controls needle-valve tail portion liquid pressure Power realizes the lifting of needle-valve.3, driving part, driving part generate pilot valve driving force, existing structure have electromagnet type, The valve body of pilot valve is pressed on valve seat by piezoelectric type and magnetostriction type, spring, so that pilot valve is closed, electromagnetic driving force overcomes Spring force makes pilot valve open.

Well known high pressure common rail electric control fuel injector installs needle valve spring to ensure the initial sealing of needle-valve on needle-valve, Needle valve spring one end is withstood on the spring base of needle-valve, and one end is withstood on the spring base of oil injector body.For with Delphi （Delphi it is) structure without control plunger of representative, pilot valve controls needle-valve tail portion pressure to control needle-valve lifting, installs needle The void space of the position of valve spring and the hydraulic cylinder of needle-valve tail portion connect together, and increase the volume of hydraulic cylinder, due to control Cylinder pressure changes greatly, and the elasticity of liquid makes the response speed of needle-valve reduce.

For with rich soil（BOSCH it is) that the band of representative controls the structure of plunger, since needle-valve tail portion is communicated with oil return opening, needle Valve spring itself will not cause response speed to reduce, but control plunger quality is big, and the gross mass for controlling plunger and needle-valve is valve body Moving-mass, under identical response speed, it is desirable that higher driving force, while when needle-valve is closed, needle-valve and needle seating Impact force is larger.

With doctor（BOSCH it is) fuel injector of representative, the valve ball mandril of pilot valve passes through the centre bore of electromagnet, valve ball top Bar is slidably installed with armature to be concentric, mandril top（Close to coil direction）It is straight that diameter is more than electromagnet armature centre bore Spring is installed in diameter, mandril tail portion, and the structure fore-set movement downward with respect to armature can pass to armature, and fore-set is upward with respect to armature Movement be not transferred to armature, armature is moved upwards with respect to fore-set can pass to fore-set, and armature is moved downward with respect to fore-set cannot Fore-set is passed to, fore-set moves downward, and when valve ball is contacted with ball seat, fore-set speed quickly reduces, and fore-set is transported upwards with respect to armature Dynamic, armature continues to move downward, and valve seat and ball seat will not be by the impact forces of armature, equally, when armature moves upwards, with electromagnet Upper half part contact when, armature does not receive the impact force of fore-set yet.But in order to realize the function, it is between armature and fore-set Clearance sliding fit, while in order to ensure effectively to be oriented to, fore-set must have larger diameter and height, the quality of such fore-set It is larger, increase the diameter of armature again in turn, the impact force of the final structure reduction is largely offset, while armature buffers lift Presence, also reduce response speed.

Invention content

The technical issues of solution is：It solves the problems, such as to influence existing electric-controlled fuel injector response speed and needle-valve, control valve The big problem of impact force.

Specific technical solution：The valve seat of injector control valve uses slot hole T-type rod structure, liquid to pass through guide's valve seat Slot hole controls the tail portion hydraulic pressure of needle-valve, controls the lifting of needle-valve, eliminates with doctor（BOSCH it is) control of the fuel injector of representative Plunger processed；T-type guide's valve seat uses floating mount structure：The big end that T-type controls valve base is downward, T-type guide's valve seat long column It is slidedly assemblied in the centre bore of oil injector body, T-type controls the big end of valve base and the centre bore of oil injector body is equipped with phase interworking The sealed seat surface of conjunction, T-type control valve base lower end hydraulic coupling make the sealing surface pressure of T-type control valve base in the injector body close On cover；Needle valve spring is not installed in needle-valve tail portion, has started when engine shutdown or just, when T-type control valve system pressure is relatively low, T When type controls valve base lower face pressure less than control valve spring power, control valve spring power drive T-type control valve seat makes T-type control Valve seat processed is pressed in needle-valve tail portion, and needle-valve is made to close, and control valve spring also plays the effect of needle-valve pre-compressed spring.

Pressure regulating mechanism is set on main in-line, when needle-valve being made to open, the diesel pressure into needle-valve lower part reduces, When control valve is closed, needle-valve tail portion pressure is higher than needle-valve forefront pressure, is closed by pressure official post needle-valve.

The working connection hydraulic pressure pressure regulating device of optimization is the structure of spring pressure regulator valve concatenation throttling metering-orifice.It is followed successively by from top to bottom Pressuring adjusting valve base, adjusting pressuring valve core, pressure spring, throttle metering-orifice pad.

In the injector body, adjusting pressuring valve core is mounted on oil injector body for valve seat setting in the working connection hydraulic adjustment mechanism of optimization Pressuring adjusting valve base on；Pressure spring and throttling metering-orifice pad are mounted on the main oil gallery of couple.

The control oil-in of optimization between oil injector body main oil gallery and oil injector body centre bore by being arranged oil inlet metering-orifice.

The control valve of optimization is cone seat ball-valve structure, and driving mechanism is EI formula electromagnet structures, electromagnet armature and armature Guide post is fixed together, and armature guide post is mounted in guide sleeve downwards, and guide post is withstood on ball seat, and armature upper surface is withstood on On control valve spring, cancel to win God in charge of the Earth department（BOSCH it is) the armature buffer structure of representative, reduces the quality of sports system.

Cannelure is arranged in the electromagnet armature guide post periphery of optimization, as oil drain passage, while reducing moving-mass, subtracts Small magnetic circuit leakage field.

Central through hole is set among optional electromagnet armature guide post, as oil drain passage, while reducing moving-mass, Reduce magnetic circuit leakage field.

The guide sleeve of electromagnet armature guide post and fuel injector centre bore are concentric, and guide sleeve raises up a segment length（2~ 5mm）Increase the air gap between armature lower surface and oil injector body, reduces magnetic circuit leakage field.

Optimization electromagnet core is the multilayer with centre bore（2 ~ 4 layers）Twin nuclei.

The present invention is novel to be had the beneficial effect that：It is controlled by T-type control valve with slot hole to control needle-valve tail portion hydraulic pressure Needle-valve lifts, and eliminates control valve rod, reduces the gross mass of needle valve movement body, response speed can be improved, reduces rushing for needle-valve Hit power.

T-type controls valve base and floating mount structure, T-type control valve lower face fluid pressure is used to keep T-type control valve seat close Cover is pressed on the sealing surface of oil injector body, reduces installation procedure, while when T-type guide valve seat is contacted with valve ball, T-type guide The T-type column length of valve seat shortens, and can absorb the impact force that part controls valve ball.

By the floating mount of T-type control valve seat, the spring of control valve plays the role of needle-valve pre-compressed spring, needle simultaneously The volume of valve End-Management hydraulic fluid improves response speed.

Armature and guide post integral structure, guide post play ball valve fore-set simultaneously downwards, reduce sports system Quality reduces the diameter of armature.

It is raised up a segment length by the guide sleeve of electromagnet armature guide post（2~5mm）Increase armature lower surface and spray Air gap between oily body reduces magnetic circuit leakage field, reduces armature diameter.

Description of the drawings

The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings

Fig. 1 bands control plunger fuel injector structure schematic diagram,

Fig. 2 without control plunger fuel injector structure schematic diagram,

Fig. 3 needle-free valve pre-compressed spring fuel injector structure figures,

Fig. 4 needle-free valve pre-compressed spring injector control valve Local maps,

Fig. 5 needle-free valve pre-compressed spring fuel injector pressure regulation part Local maps,

Two structure chart of Fig. 6 electromagnet cores scheme,

Fig. 7 electromagnet armature graphics.

Specific implementation mode

Fig. 1 is well known band control plunger fuel injector structure figure, the couple seat with mesoporous and sloped footing in figure （1001a) with the needle with cone（1004a) it is slidably installed with one heart, couple seat（Sloped footing distribution 1001a) is several Nozzle opening, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001a)（1002a）Pass through oil injector body（4000a）On oil duct（4001a）With high pressure oil It is connected, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001a)（1002a）Pass through endless groove（1003a）Into needle（1004a）With couple seat （1001a) the ring shaped oil passage of lower part, needle（1004a) decline, couple seat sloped footing and needle（When 1004a) cone contacts, Fuel injector is closed, needle（1004a）Rise, couple seat sloped footing and needle（When 1004a) cone separates, fuel injector is opened Oil spout.

Needle-valve tail portion is installed by spring base（1005a）, needle valve spring（1006a）Mounted on spring base（1005a）And fuel injector Body（4000a）Spring base on, needle valve spring（1006a）Make needle（1004a）Downward power is generated, ensures system in high pressure oil Needle-valve is closed when diesel pressure is relatively low in road.

Control plunger（2005a）It is slidably mounted on control valve seat（2001a）Control valve mesoporous in, control plunger （2005a）Tail portion and control valve seat（2001a）Oil cylinder in order to control between mesoporous（2005a-1), oil inlet metering-orifice is controlled（2004a） With control cylinder and high-pressure oil duct（4001a）It communicates, control valve seat（2001a）On oil extraction metering-orifice（2003a）Make control cylinder And control valve seat（2001a）Conical seat communicate, valve ball（2002a）Mounted on control valve conical seat（2006a）And valve ball seat （2007a）Between, oil injector body（4000a）Oil return hole is set（4002a）, oil return hole with control plunger（2005a）Hypomere, needle-valve Top and control valve oil outlet communicate, and solenoid valve is oriented to fore-set（2008a）Top enlarged diameter section is slidably mounted on electromagnet and leads Xiang Kong（3005a）In, solenoid valve is oriented to fore-set hypomere reduced diameter section and is slidably mounted on armature（3004a）Centre bore in, electromagnetism Valve is oriented to fore-set（2008a）Middle bench is pressed in armature（3004a）Upper surface on, solenoid valve be oriented to fore-set at the top of install electromagnetism Valve spring（2011a）, armature（3004a）Lower part is installed by armature spring（2010a）, control valve seat fixed screw（2009a）It is pressed in Control valve seat（2001a）On.

Electromagnet is EI formula electromagnet, and electromagnet is by twin nuclei（3001a,3002a）Iron core and coil (3003a）Structure At.

Electromagnet coil in Fig. 1（3003a）After energization, armature (3004a）It moves upwards, band moving electromagnetic valve is oriented to fore-set （2008a）It moves upwards, valve ball（2002a）It opens up, control is oily from oil extraction metering-orifice（2003a）Discharge controls plunger （2005a）Top pressure reduces, needle-valve（1004a）It is more than spring by upward power（1006a）With control plunger（2005a）Top The sum of pressure, needle-valve（1004a）With control plunger（2005a）It moves upwards, needle-valve（1004a）It opens, fuel injector commencement of fuel injection.

When electromagnet coil in Fig. 1（3003a）After power-off, solenoid valve is oriented to fore-set in magnetic valve spring（2011a）Effect Under move downward, push armature（3004a）, valve ball seat（2007a）, valve ball（2002a）To control valve seat（2001a）Movement, valve Ball（2002a）It closes, oil extraction metering-orifice（2003a）Stop oil extraction, controls plunger（2005a）Top pressure increases, needle-valve（1004a） It is less than spring by upward power（1006a）With control plunger（2005a）The sum of top pressure, needle-valve（1004a）With control plunger （2005a）It moves downward, needle-valve（1004a）It closes, fuel injector stops oil spout.

Plunger is controlled in Fig. 1（2005a）And needle-valve（1004a）It moves synchronously, needle-valve（1004a）When closing impact force compared with Greatly.

Solenoid valve is oriented to fore-set in magnetic valve spring in Fig. 1（2011a）It is moved downward under effect, pushes armature（3004a）, Valve ball seat（2007a）, valve ball（2002a）To control valve seat（2001a）Movement, works as valve ball（2002a）Engagement control valve conical seat （2006a）When solenoid valve be oriented to fore-set（2008a）, valve ball seat（2007a）, valve ball（2002a）Quickly stop, armature（3004a） It moves forward, armature（3004a）With guiding fore-set（2008a）It disengages, armature（3004a）Act on valve ball （2002a）On impact force reduce.

Solenoid valve is oriented to fore-set in armature in Fig. 1（3004a）It is moved upwards under effect, works as armature（3004a）With iron core （3001a,3002a）When contact, armature（3004a）Quickly stop, being oriented to fore-set in armature（3004a）It moves forward, holds in the mouth Iron（3004a）With guiding fore-set（2008a）It disengages, armature（3004a）Act on iron core（3001a,3002a）On impact force Reduce.

Fig. 1 solenoid valves are oriented to fore-set and armature（3004a）It is slidably matched, is divided into the guide section being relatively large in diameter and diameter is smaller Mandril section, solenoid valve be oriented to fore-set total quality it is larger, although in valve ball（2002a）Armature when closing（3004a）It is loaded into Valve ball（2002a）On power reduce, valve ball（2002a）With control valve conical seat（2006a）Between impact force it is still larger.

Fig. 2 is well known without control plunger fuel injector structure schematic diagram, the couple seat with mesoporous and sloped footing in figure （1001b) with the needle with cone（1004b) it is slidably installed with one heart, couple seat（Sloped footing distribution 1001b) is several Nozzle opening, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001b)（1002b）Pass through oil injector body（4000b）On main oil gallery（4001b）With high pressure Oil phase connects, and throttle orifice is provided on main oil gallery（4001b-1）, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001b)（1002b）Pass through endless groove （1003b）Into needle（1004b）With couple seat（1001b) the ring shaped oil passage of lower part, needle（1004b) decline, couple seat cone Shape pedestal and needle（When 1004b) cone contacts, fuel injector is closed, needle（1004b）Rise, couple seat sloped footing and valve Needle（When 1004b) cone separates, fuel injector opens oil spout.

Needle valve spring is installed without control plunger fuel injector, needle-valve tail portion in Fig. 2（1006b）, needle valve spring（1004b）Top With spring（1006b) installation space hydraulic cylinder (1006b-1) in order to control, needle valve spring（1006b）Make needle（1004b）Generate to Under power, ensure system when diesel pressure is relatively low in high-pressure oil duct needle-valve close, while providing needle-valve closing forces.

In Fig. 2 the structure with balance mechanism, spool are used without control plunger injector control valve（2002b）With armature （3004b）It is combined together, armature（3004b）Upper surface is installed by control valve spring（2011b）, conical seal (contact) face is set on spool （2002b-1）Be slidingly sealed section（2002b-2), it is slidingly sealed section（It 2002b-2) play the guiding role, is slidingly sealed simultaneously Section（2002b-2) it is mounted on valve seat（2001b）Control valve pilot hole（2001b-2), conical seal (contact) face（2002b-1）With valve Seat（2001b）Taper surface（2001b-1）Sealing cooperation, valve seat pilot hole（2001b-2) and relief hole（2001b-3）It communicates, Spool（2002b）The fluid pressure being subject to closely balances, therefore is mounted on armature（3004b）Control valve spring（2010b） Spring force it is smaller.

Electromagnet without control plunger fuel injector in Fig. 2 is EI formula electromagnet, and electromagnet is by twin nuclei（3001b, 3002b）Iron core and coil (3003b）It constitutes.

The needle-free valve pre-compressed spring fuel injector structure that the present invention is described in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, band mesoporous and sloped footing in figure Couple seat（1001c) with the needle with cone（1004c) it is slidably installed with one heart, couple seat（Sloped footing 1001c) It is distributed several nozzle openings, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001c)（1002c）Pass through oil injector body（4000c）Upper throttle orifice （1007c）, pressure spring（1007c）Gap, adjusting pressuring valve core are installed（1008c and pressuring adjusting valve base（1009c）Between gap and oil duct （4001c）It is connected with high pressure oil, couple seat（Oil duct on 1001c)（1002c）Pass through endless groove（1003c）Into needle （1004c）With couple seat（1001c) the ring shaped oil passage of lower part, works as needle（1004c) decline, couple seat sloped footing and needle （1004c）When conehead contacts, fuel injector is closed, needle（1004c）Rise, couple seat sloped footing and needle（1004c) cone When separating, fuel injector opens oil spout.

Needleless valve spring fuel injector in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, the valve seat of injector control valve（2001c）Using slot hole T-type rod structure, The valve seat of control valve includes conical valve seat（2006c）, mesoporous long cylinder, lower part major diameter seal head（2001c-1）, conical valve seat There is fuel-displaced metering-orifice（2003c）With center slot hole（2005c）It communicates, center slot hole（2005c）With needle-valve（1004 c）Tail portion liquid Cylinder pressure（1004c-1）It communicates, the valve seat of T-type control valve uses floating mount structure, the valve seat long column sliding dress of T-type control valve Fit over oil injector body（4000c）Centre bore in, T-type control valve seat major diameter seal head（2001c-1）End face fluid pressure makes T The seal receptacle of type control valve seat is pressed in the seal receptacle of oil injector body（4003c）, control oil and pass sequentially through main oil gallery（4001c）, into Oil mass hole（2004c）, control valve seat and middle interporal lacuna, into control hydraulic cylinder（1004c-1）；Control is oily from hydraulic cylinder （1004c-1）Pass sequentially through center slot hole（2005c）Fuel-displaced metering-orifice oil pump capacity hole（2003c）, valve seat（2006c）Valve ball （2002c）The control valve and oil return hole of composition（4002c）Discharge.

In Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, valve ball（2002c）Mounted on conical valve seat（2006c）On, ball seat（2007c）Mounted on valve ball （2002c）, guide post（2008c）Withstand on ball seat（2007c）On, guide post（2008c）With armature（3004c）It is fixed together, Guide sleeve（3005c）It raises up, guide post（2008c）Mounted on guide sleeve（3005c）, armature（3004c）Top installation control Valve spring processed（2010c）, electromagnet outer iron core is by the double-deck L-type ring（3002c,3002c-1）It builds up, interior iron core is by band positioning step Fixed column（3001c）With L-type pressure ring（3001c-1）Composition, interior iron core fixed column（3001c）It is fixed on iron core fixing body, Interior iron core fixed column（3001c）Step be pressed in pressure ring（3001c-1）On, pressure ring（3001c-1）Outer iron core is pressed in by the double-deck L-type Ring（3002c,3002c-1）On, coil（3003c）In the annular space of outer, interior iron core.

Fig. 6 describes second of electromagnet core embodiment, inside and outside, iron core（3001d-1,3001d-2,3002d, 3002d-1）It is formed by two layers of U-shaped ring is folded, U-shaped ring is by iron core fixed column with the level（3001d）It is fixed.

Fig. 7 illustrates armature and guide post solid shape.

The embodiment of the present invention oil injector body oil inlet and oil return opening are built-in, it is clear that the solution of the present invention is equally suitable It is the fuel injector of external for oil inlet and oil return opening, is no longer described in detail.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of diesel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring, characterized in that the valve seat of injector control valve uses slot hole T-type column Structure（2001c）, liquid controls the tail portion hydraulic pressure of needle-valve by the slot hole of the valve seat of control valve；T-type guide's valve seat is using floating Dynamic mounting structure：The big end that T-type controls valve base is downward, and T-type guide's valve seat long column is slidedly assemblied in the center of oil injector body Kong Zhong, T-type controls the big end of valve base and the centre bore of oil injector body is equipped with mutually matched sealed seat surface, T-type control valve valve Seat lower end hydraulic coupling makes on the sealing surface of the sealing surface pressure of T-type control valve base in the injector body；Needle-valve tail portion is not installed by needle Valve spring, when engine is shut down or is just started, when T-type control valve system pressure is relatively low, it is small that T-type controls valve base lower face pressure When control valve spring power, control valve spring power drive T-type control valve seat makes T-type control valve seat be pressed in needle-valve tail portion, makes needle-valve It closes, control valve spring also plays the effect of needle-valve pre-compressed spring；Pressure regulating mechanism is set on main in-line, makes needle-valve When opening, the diesel pressure into needle-valve lower part reduces, and when control valve is closed, needle-valve tail portion pressure is higher than needle-valve forefront pressure, It is closed by pressure official post needle-valve.

2. the diesel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Working connection hydraulic pressure pressure regulating device is bullet The structure of spring pressure regulator valve concatenation throttling metering-orifice, is followed successively by pressuring adjusting valve base, adjusting pressuring valve core from top to bottom（1009c）, pressure spring （1008c）, throttle metering-orifice pad（1007c）.

3. the diesel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Valve in working connection hydraulic adjustment mechanism Seat is arranged in the injector body, adjusting pressuring valve core（1009c）On the pressuring adjusting valve base of oil injector body；Pressure spring（1008c） With throttling metering-orifice pad（1007c）On the main oil gallery of couple.

4. the fuel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Electromagnet armature（3004c）It is led with armature Xiang Zhu（2008c）It is fixed together, armature guide post is mounted in guide sleeve downwards（3005c）, guide post withstands on ball valve seat （2007c）.

5. the fuel injector of needle-free valve pre-compressed spring described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The guide sleeve of guide post raises up one Section, is highly 2 ~ 5mm, increases the air gap between armature lower surface and oil injector body.