CN207939193U - A kind of alternating current generator and its adjuster for motor vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of alternating current generator and its adjuster for motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN207939193U CN207939193U CN201820332812.XU CN201820332812U CN207939193U CN 207939193 U CN207939193 U CN 207939193U CN 201820332812 U CN201820332812 U CN 201820332812U CN 207939193 U CN207939193 U CN 207939193U
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- alternating current
- current generator
- adjuster
- terminals
- electrically connected
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002964 excitative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of alternating current generators and its adjuster for motor vehicle, alternating current generator includes rotor field winding, stator winding, rectifier bridge, adjuster and excitation diode, and adjuster includes the D+ signal monitoring units that microprocessor, field circuit switching tube and the D+ terminals for alternating current generator were electrically connected and monitored the terminal voltage signal；Microprocessor is electrically connected with D+ signal monitoring units, is received and is differentiated whether voltage signal is abnormal voltage signal；Field circuit switching tube is electrically connected with the rotor field winding and microprocessor of alternating current generator；When the voltage signal of the D+ terminals of alternating current generator is abnormal voltage signal, microprocessor control field circuit switching tube is in cut-off state.The utility model can be when the D+ terminals of generator be with W terminals or N terminals shorts, and energy quick closedown field circuit switching tube plays self-protection, avoids excitation diode puncture short.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to alternative electric generation machine technology field, specifically, being to be related to a kind of having for motor vehicle
The alternating current generator and its adjuster of self-protection function.
Background technology
Such as Fig. 1, currently used for the alternating current generator of motor vehicle, three of them excitation diode D7, D8, D9 are sharp for circulating
Magnetoelectricity stream since the resistance (usually in 5 Ω or more) of rotor field winding 2 is larger with respect to vehicle load 5, and is limited by adjuster
3 control, excitation current are generally not more than 5A.But when the D+ terminals of generator and N terminals or W terminals shorts
When, the high current of the generation of stator winding 1 of generator can flow through short dot by excitation diode D7, D8, D9 and flow back into stator
Winding 1 causes the short circuit current very big due to the internal resistance very little (single-phase winding is usually within 0.05 Ω) of stator winding 1,
Easily breakdown power designs smaller excitation diode D7, D8, D9.
If tri- terminals of D+, W, N of Fig. 2, existing automotive alternator are typically mounted on a terminal plate, it is in
In one line, D+ terminals are mounted on centre, and the distance between three is limited, and wiring the end of a thread is long to be possible to adjacent on meeting short circuit
Terminals lead to electric short circuit, finally make excitation diode breakdown D7, D8, D9 short circuit, generator failure.
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, when D+ terminals are with W terminals short circuits, prior art D+ terminal voltages understand rapid decrease, and
There is periodic waveform, illustrates that generator still can generate electricity at this time, but voltage instability, illustrate still there is excitation current, and
And most of electricity that stator winding 1 generates can be flowed back by excitation diode D8 and excitation diode D9 using short dot
In into stator winding 1, excitation diode D8 and excitation diode D9 is easily by high current punch through damage at this time.
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, when D+ terminals are with N terminals short circuits, prior art D+ terminal voltages understand rapid decrease, and
There is periodic waveform, illustrates that generator still can generate electricity at this time, but voltage instability, illustrate still there is excitation current, and
And most of electricity that stator winding 1 generates can be by excitation diode D7, excitation diode D8 and excitation diode D9, then pass through
It crosses short dot to flow back into stator winding 1, three excitation diodes D7, D8, D9 are easily by high current punch through damage at this time.
Thus it sees, existing generator does not detect short trouble and prevents excitation diode D1, D2, D3 from puncturing
Function be not no self-protection function.
Utility model content
Being intended to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the first problem that the utility model solves is, it is proposed that
A kind of adjuster, the adjuster are used for alternating current generator, and when line short circuit can close field circuit in time, avoid excitation diode
Alternating current generator loses generating function after puncture short.
As the same technical concept, another technical problem that the utility model is solved is to provide one kind comprising upper
State adjuster and the alternating current generator for motor vehicle.
Technical solution is used by solving above-mentioned first technical problem：A kind of adjuster is provided, the adjuster is answered
For alternating current generator, the adjuster includes：D+ signal monitoring units, the D+ signal monitorings unit with described for exchanging
The D+ terminals of generator are electrically connected, and monitor the voltage signal of the D+ terminals of the alternating current generator；Microprocessor, it is described micro-
Processor is electrically connected with the D+ signal monitorings unit, is received and is differentiated whether the voltage signal is abnormal voltage signal；Magnetic
Field circuit switching pipe, the field circuit switching tube and the rotor field winding of the alternating current generator and the microprocessor are equal
Electrical connection.
Further, the voltage value of the abnormal voltage signal is less than the voltage value of setting, and is in cyclically-varying.
Further, the field circuit switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor or Darlington transistor.
Further, the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is electrically connected with the rotor field winding, the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor with it is described
Microprocessor is electrically connected, the source electrode bonding of the metal-oxide-semiconductor.
To solve above-mentioned second technical problem, technical solution is used by the utility model：
A kind of alternating current generator for motor vehicle is provided, the alternating current generator includes that the rotor of offer rotating excitation field swashs
AC rectification at the rectifier bridge of direct current, adjuster and is used for described by magnetic winding, the stator winding for generating alternating current
Rotor field winding provides the excitation diode of excitation current, and the adjuster is adjuster recited above.
Further, the anode of three excitation diodes is electrically connected with three phase ends of the stator winding respectively, institute
State three excitation diodes cathode be electrically coupled together as excitatory end give the rotor field winding power supply.
Further, the stator winding is using triangle connection or star-like connection.
Further, the rectifier bridge includes positive rectifying tube and negative rectifier pipe, and three phase ends of the stator winding are connected to
Between the corresponding positive rectifying tube and the negative rectifier pipe.
After using above-mentioned technical proposal, the utility model has the beneficial effects that：
Alternating current generator utilizes the D+ monitoring unit in adjuster in D+ terminals and W terminals or N terminals short circuits
The voltage signal of D+ terminals is monitored, microprocessor differentiates the voltage signal of receiving, micro- when being determined as abnormal signal
Processor controls rapidly field circuit switching tube and is at cut-off state, that is, closes field circuit and play self-protection；It avoids swashing
Alternating current generator loses generating function after magnetic diode puncture short, and the entire process that controls is rapid and accurate, to alternating current generator
Realize maximum protection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing alternator circuit schematic diagram (dotted line and dotted line are signal short circuits)；
Fig. 2 is existing alternating current generator N, D+, W terminals layout drawing；
Fig. 3 is D+ terminals and voltage oscillogram when W terminals short circuits；
Fig. 4 is D+ terminals and voltage oscillogram when N terminals short circuits；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the utility model alternating current generator；
In figure：1- stator winding, the rotor fields 2- winding, 3- adjusters, 31-D+ monitoring unit, 32- microprocessors, 33-
Field circuit switching tube, 4- rectifier bridges, 5- loads, D7~D9- excitation diodes, D2, D4, D6- negative rectifier pipe, D1, D3, D5-
Positive rectifying tube.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model is described in further detail in conjunction with attached drawing and its specific embodiment, is specifically adjusted with being connected with
Device and for motor vehicle alternating current generator integrally be used as embodiment.
As shown in figure 5, the alternating current generator, including the rotor field winding 2 of rotating excitation field is provided, generates determining for alternating current
Sub- winding 1, by AC rectification at direct current rectifier bridge 4, adjust output voltage adjuster 3, adjuster 3 include D+ signals
Monitoring unit 31, microprocessor 32 and field circuit switching tube 33.Wherein, the D+ signal monitorings unit 31 of adjuster 3 with exchange
The D+ terminals of generator are electrically connected；Microprocessor 32 is electrically connected with D+ signal monitorings unit 31；Field circuit switching tube 33 with
Rotor field winding 2 and microprocessor 32 are electrically connected.
Field circuit switching tube 33 can be metal-oxide-semiconductor or Darlington transistor.The field circuit switching tube 33 of the present embodiment is MOS
Pipe, the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor are electrically connected with rotor field winding 2, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is electrically connected with microprocessor 32, the source of metal-oxide-semiconductor
Pole bonding.The anode of three excitation diodes D7, D8, D9 in alternating current generator are electric with three phase ends of stator winding 1 respectively
Connection, the cathode of three excitation diodes D7, D8, D9 are electrically coupled together as excitatory end, and are connect with the D+ of alternating current generator
Line end connects, and powers to rotor field winding 3.
As seen from the figure, which is nine pipe alternating current generators, in addition to (three just whole for common six rectifying tubes
Flow tube D1, D3, D5, three negative rectifier pipes D2, D4, D6) outside, and three lower-powered excitation diode D7, D8 are increased,
D9.Three phase ends of stator winding 1 are connected to corresponding positive rectifying tube D1, between D3, D5 and negative rectifier pipe D2, D4, D6, i.e. stator
Three phase ends of winding 1 are connected between positive rectifying tube D1 and negative rectifier pipe D2, positive rectifying tube D3 and negative rectifier pipe D4 it
Between, between positive rectifying tube D5 and negative rectifier pipe D6.Stator winding 1 is connected using triangle or star-like connection, in the present embodiment
Stator winding 1 is star-like connection.Wherein the rectification principle of nine pipe alternating current generators is the prior art, then this is not repeated.
When D+ signal monitorings unit 31 sends the D+ terminal voltage signals of monitoring to microprocessor 32, microprocessor 32
The voltage signal is differentiated, when being determined as that voltage signal occurs abnormal, i.e., abnormal voltage signal is less than setting electricity
Pressure value, and be in cyclically-varying, trough appears in the voltage signal of 0V or so.Control field circuit switchs microprocessor 32 rapidly
Pipe 33 ends, and closes field circuit, and alternating current generator stops power generation, avoids excitation diode D7, D8, D9 due to super-high-current
Punch through damage, and then protect alternating current generator.
Abnormal voltage signal includes period changed phase signals (in the case that generator speed is constant) or amplitude hair
The phase signals for changing.The signal that microprocessor 32 is transmitted to D+ signal monitorings unit 31 discriminates whether as abnormal voltage signal
Principle be：
When the signal of D+ terminals input is in 27V~28.5V, it is judged as normal voltage signal；
When the signal of D+ terminals input is less than 26V, and there is apparent periodicity, signal trough is judged as in 0V
Abnormal voltage signal.
It describes in detail to the control process of above-described embodiment below for different faults situation.
Fault condition one (in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5)：
When alternating current generator is mounted in automobile engine, since client's wiring is improper, the lead of D+ terminals will be connected
When misconnection contacts the W terminals closed on (shown in dotted line in Fig. 1), D+ terminals terminal voltage signal is by normal and stable at this time
The voltage signal of 28V or so decline suddenly, and periodically fluctuation is presented in voltage, is in the waveform of " M " shape, and trough appears in 0V
Left and right, wave crest are abnormal electric in 28V or so (the D+ terminal voltages waveform of the prior art in see Fig. 3), the at this time voltage signal
Signal, microprocessor 32 is pressed in a short period of time to end field circuit switching tube 33, magnetic field disappears, and generator stops power generation
(see the D+ terminal voltages waveform of this patent in Fig. 3).
Fault condition two (in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5)：When alternating current generator is mounted in automobile engine, due to
Client's wiring is improper, when the lead misconnection for connecting D+ terminals is contacted the N terminals closed on (shown in dotted line in Fig. 1), this
When D+ terminal voltages signal declined suddenly by the signal of 28V or so that is normal and stablizing, and periodically fluctuation is presented in voltage,
Trough appears in 0V or so, and wave crest is at 16V or so (the D+ terminal voltages waveform of the prior art in see Fig. 4), the voltage at this time
Signal is abnormal voltage signal, and microprocessor 32 in a short period of time ends field circuit switching tube 33, and magnetic field disappears, hair
Motor stops power generation (see the D+ terminal voltages waveform of this patent in Fig. 3).
There is exception from D+ terminal voltage signals and are opened to its closing field circuit in above two fault condition, adjuster 3
The time of pipe 33 is closed much smaller than excitation diode D7, D8, the D9 time that temperature rapid increase after abnormal appearance, is avoided that excitatory two
Temperature rapid increase causes punch through damage by pole pipe D7, D8, D9.
Certainly, the utility model can also have other various embodiments, without departing substantially from the spirit of the present invention and its essence
In the case of, those skilled in the art work as can make various corresponding change and deformations, but these according to the utility model
Corresponding change and deformation should all belong to the protection domain of the utility model the attached claims.
Claims (8)
1. adjuster, the regulator applications are in alternating current generator, which is characterized in that the adjuster includes：
D+ signal monitoring units, the D+ signal monitorings unit are supervised for being electrically connected with the D+ terminals of the alternating current generator
Survey the voltage signal of the D+ terminals of the alternating current generator；
Microprocessor, the microprocessor are electrically connected with the D+ signal monitorings unit, are received and are differentiated that the voltage signal is
No is abnormal voltage signal；
Field circuit switching tube, rotor field winding and the micro- place of the field circuit switching tube with the alternating current generator
Reason device is electrically connected.
2. adjuster as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that electricity of the voltage value of the abnormal voltage signal less than setting
Pressure value, and be in cyclically-varying.
3. adjuster as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the field circuit switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor or Darlington transistor.
4. adjuster as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor and rotor field winding electricity
Connection, the grid of the metal-oxide-semiconductor are electrically connected with the microprocessor, the source electrode bonding of the metal-oxide-semiconductor.
5. a kind of alternating current generator for motor vehicle, the alternating current generator include provide rotating excitation field rotor it is excitatory around
AC rectification at the rectifier bridge of direct current, adjuster and is used for the rotor by group, the stator winding for generating alternating current
Field winding provides the excitation diode of excitation current, which is characterized in that the adjuster is claim 1-4 any one institute
The adjuster stated.
6. being used for the alternating current generator of motor vehicle as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that three excitation diodes
Anode is electrically connected with three phase ends of the stator winding respectively, and the cathode of three excitation diodes is electrically connected shape
It powers to the rotor field winding at excitatory end.
7. being used for the alternating current generator of motor vehicle as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the stator winding uses triangle
Shape connects or star-like connection.
8. being used for the alternating current generator of motor vehicle as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the rectifier bridge includes positive rectification
Three phase ends of pipe and negative rectifier pipe, the stator winding are connected between the corresponding positive rectifying tube and the negative rectifier pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820332812.XU CN207939193U (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | A kind of alternating current generator and its adjuster for motor vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820332812.XU CN207939193U (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | A kind of alternating current generator and its adjuster for motor vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207939193U true CN207939193U (en) | 2018-10-02 |
Family
ID=63654468
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820332812.XU Expired - Fee Related CN207939193U (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | A kind of alternating current generator and its adjuster for motor vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207939193U (en) |
-
2018
- 2018-03-12 CN CN201820332812.XU patent/CN207939193U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20181002 |