CN207926298U

CN207926298U - A kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator

Info

Publication number: CN207926298U
Application number: CN201820134141.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖鸿杰; 周徐达
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-01-26
Filing date: 2018-01-26
Publication date: 2018-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2028-01-26

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, concrete scheme is：Main shaft is set to electric machine casing center by bearing；Stator winding, feedback winding, magnet steel are set to motor stator portion；Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, excitation generating winding, circuit cavity are set to rotor part；Stator winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection constitute magnetic flux and interlinks structure, and feedback winding and magnet steel interlink with excitation generating winding composition magnetic flux structure simultaneously；Excitation generates electricity rectifier set on circuit inside cavity；Excitation generating winding is electrically connected with the exchange side of excitation power generation rectifier, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is electrically connected with the DC side of excitation power generation rectifier；Feedback winding is electrically connected with external feedback control terminal or is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding；The output end of stator winding is electrically connected directly or through output rectifier with generator power output end.The technical program has many advantages, such as that at low cost, output voltage is steady, power conversion circuit is at low cost, magnet steel dosage is few.

Description

A kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of wind power plant, more particularly to a kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator.

Background technology

Growth momentum is swift and violent in recent years for wind-power electricity generation, in numerous generation of electricity by new energy schemes, wind-powered electricity generation be performance it is most stable, can By the highest scheme of property.Currently, permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator scheme has become the mainstream of wind-power electricity generation, permanent magnet direct-drive scheme Big, brushless, the non-gear box potential faults of efficient, weak wind output, however there is also many for the permanent magnet direct-drive scheme of the prior art Disadvantage is allowed to the competitiveness compared with the less efficient double-fed asynchronous scheme of weak wind and is short of；Major defect is as follows：

First, cost is excessively high.Permanent magnet direct-drive scheme cost is 1.3 times of double-fed asynchronous scheme, original double-fed scheme cost It is not very cheap, and as the supply of rare earth resources is limited, cost may further increase in the future, make wind-powered electricity generation cost of investment yet Recycling is very slow.

Second, output voltage fluctuation is excessive.Permanent magnet direct-drive scheme output voltage is substantially directly proportional to rotating speed, due to the program Grid-connected to configure total power inverter, the amplitude of variation of such DC side output voltage must just make inverter with very wide Input voltage range, this makes inverter cost greatly improve, efficiency reduces, and the output of permanent magnet direct-drive scheme must be in full It is surfed the Internet by inverter, the advantage for keeping the program efficient is had a greatly reduced quality in the reduction of inverter efficiency.In direct-current micro-grid application Occasion can not be directly accessed DC bus also due to output voltage fluctuation is big, it is necessary to configure the DC-DC voltage stabilizings dress of total power It sets, this equally significantly reduces efficiency and has raised cost again.

Third, permanent-magnet material face demagnetization hidden danger；The permanent-magnet material of magneto is difficult that estimation no can be demagnetized in the future, Once demagnetization, then motor performance drastically deteriorates, and repairs very difficult, the technical measures that do not take precautions against so far.

Utility model content

In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, this practicality is multiple Closing technical solution used by excitation brushless wind-driven generator solves above-mentioned technical problem is：

A kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein including main shaft, bearing, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, stator winding, feedback Winding, magnet steel, excitation generating winding, circuit cavity and excitation power generation rectifier；

The main shaft is set to electric machine casing center by bearing；The stator winding, feedback winding, magnet steel are set to motor Stationary part；The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, excitation generating winding, circuit cavity are set to rotor part；The stator winding with encourage Magnetic winding constitutes magnetic flux and interlinks structure, and the feedback winding and magnet steel interlink with excitation generating winding composition magnetic flux structure simultaneously； The excitation power generation rectifier is set to circuit inside cavity；The exchange side electricity of the excitation generating winding and excitation power generation rectifier Connection, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are electrically connected with the DC side of excitation power generation rectifier；The feedback winding and external feedback control terminal Electrical connection is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding；The output end of the stator winding is directly or through output rectifier and hair Power of motor output end is electrically connected.

Preferably, above-mentioned compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein the feedback winding generate flow direction with Magnet steel flow direction is opposite.

Preferably, above-mentioned compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein the feedback winding is whole by feedback winding Stream device is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding.

Preferably, above-mentioned compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein the feedback winding through output rectifier with The output end of stator winding is electrically connected by controlling transistor.

Preferably, above-mentioned compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein the feedback winding with stator winding it Between be connected to impedor.

Preferably, above-mentioned compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, wherein the generator is outer-rotor type structure.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：

The first, the cost of permanent magnet direct-drive scheme is significantly reduced；Existing permanent magnet direct-drive scheme permanent-magnet material usage amount is surprising, Since motor series is excessive, the cost of permanent-magnet material is extremely expensive, and the permanent magnet magnet steel of the utility model is used merely to excitation Winding provides the needs of excitation power generation, and the excitation of main stator winding is realized by electrical excitation, therefore magnet steel quantity can be greatly reduced, Generator excitation power accounts for the calculating of power of motor 3% by, and the utility model only needs the magnet steel of the prior art 3% or so i.e. Can, it is contemplated that first there is permanent magnet direct-drive scheme magnet steel cost to account for the 80% of motor cost, and the electrical excitation of the utility model around The structures such as group, feedback winding are conventional, of low cost, can be by the cost reduction 60-70% of prior art motor, due to brushless no collection Flow ring, cost even than double feedback electric engine it is lower, to greatly reduce permanent magnet direct-drive technology popularization threshold.

The second, the stabilization of wide rotating speed output voltage is realized.The permanent magnet direct-drive scheme excitation of the prior art is uncontrollable, weak wind Output voltage is very low, and high wind output voltage is high, it is necessary to the power supply changeover device of pole wide input voltage is configured, not only cost is high, and And loss is big, the converter of general Width funtion input needs two level conversions, and efficiency is at least lower by 4% than a level conversion, this practicality The novel voltage using feedback winding and magnet steel co- controlling excitation generating winding reduces excitation, increases when rotating speed is low when rotating speed is high Big excitation, to realize the stabilization of output voltage under conditions of without power supply changeover device, in addition the power of electrical excitation consumption, still More efficient than the prior art 1% or so.

Third, the hidden danger for overcoming permanent-magnet material demagnetization.The utility model due to being controlled using feedback winding with magnet steel jointly Excitation generating winding processed, if magnet steel demagnetizes, the feedback current of feedback winding is also synchronous to be reduced, last output power, voltage dimension It holds constant, as long as theoretically magnet steel remains to maintain extremely small remanent magnetism, generator normal power generation, prior art magnet steel can be made Once demagnetization, magnetic flux reduce on year-on-year basis, motor performance deteriorates immediately, and weak wind output can be reduced obviously.

Control mode is various, controller capacity is minimum.The ingenious common work using feedback winding and magnet steel of the utility model With control excitation generating voltage, pass through this indirect control means so that control mode is more convenient various, both can be logical with stator Output end feedback is crossed, can also be fed back by excitation generator output end, the quick cell feeds back of frequency can be also added, can more pass through electronics member Part external feedback, to realize extremely various characteristic curve；Most of all, the capacity of control section can be very small, root Main winding capacity 3% is accounted for according to excitation capacity to calculate, the power that entire magnet steel is provided with feedback winding only needs generator power 0.1%, for the wind turbine of 1MW, it is only necessary to which the control capability of 1KW, this makes the capacity of controller be greatly reduced, to make Cost is further greatly reduced.

4th, microgrid occasion is not necessarily to additional converter completely.Since the utility model is in the condition without power supply changeover device It is lower to realize the stabilization of output voltage, therefore can realize the ability of unregulated power electronic converter direct grid-connected, this is in permanent magnet direct-drive side It is peerless in case, also significantly reduce the construction cost of areas without electricity wind light mutual complementing microgrid.

5th, electromechanics are firm in structure, straight to drive non-direct drive compatibility.The utility model motor brushless, without slip ring, rotor Inside is without control unit, and agent structure is silicon steel sheet and winding, structure type simple rigid, and magnet steel dosage very little is easy to arrange, Therefore complete machine mechanical structure is secured, you can makes multipole and directly drives scheme, may be alternatively configured few hypervelocity scheme.

6th, compatible low-density permanent magnet removes permanent-magnet material anxiety misgivings from.The utility model only needs the prior art The cheap ferrite magnetic steel of low-density can be used since magnet steel dosage is greatly reduced in 3% or so magnet steel, this It not only further reduces the cost, also eliminates the possible nervous situation of rare earth permanent-magnetic material.

7th, external excitation control circuit and energizing apparatus are not necessarily to.The synchronous generator of the prior art needs external control Excitation, electrical excitation synchro wind generator also need to electric brush slip ring and exciter, and brushless, permanently synchronous generator then needs outside Total power converter, and the utility model realizes excitation power generation, excitation con-trol integration using machine internal feedback winding, exempts from completely External energizing apparatus or field power supply are removed, to significantly simplify the structure of unit, reduce cost.

Description of the drawings

Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, the utility model and its spy Sign, shape and advantage will become more apparent.Identical label indicates identical part in whole attached drawings.It can be by Attached drawing is drawn according to ratio, it is preferred that emphasis is the purport of the utility model is shown.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model one embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the feedback circuit schematic diagram of the utility model one embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the feedback circuit schematic diagram of second embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is the feedback circuit schematic diagram of the utility model third embodiment.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is magnetic flux-rotation speed relation figure；

Fig. 7 is output power-rotation speed relation figure.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is further described with reference to specific embodiment, but not as the utility model It limits.

As shown in Figs. 1-5, the utility model compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator specific technical solution includes：

Referring to attached drawing 1,2, this is the structural schematic diagram and feedback winding circuit diagram of the utility model one embodiment.Packet It includes main shaft 1, bearing 2, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3, stator winding 4, feedback winding 5, magnet steel 6, excitation generating winding 7, circuit cavity 8, encourage Magnetic power generation rectifier.The main shaft 1 is set to electric machine casing center by bearing 2；The stator winding 4, feedback winding 5, magnetic Steel 6 is set to motor stator portion；The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3, excitation generating winding 7, circuit cavity 8 are set to rotor part；Institute State stator winding 4 and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3 and constitute magnetic flux and interlink structure, the feedback winding 5 and magnet steel 6 simultaneously with excitation generating winding 7 constitute magnetic flux interlinkage structure；The excitation power generation rectifier is set to inside circuit cavity 8.The excitation generating winding 7 and excitation The exchange side electrical connection of power generation rectifier, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3 are electrically connected with the DC side of excitation power generation rectifier；The stator The output end of winding 4 is electrically connected directly or through output rectifier 9 with generator power output end.Feedback winding 5 generates magnetic flux Direction is opposite with 6 flow direction of magnet steel；Feedback winding 5 is directly electrically connected through output rectifier 9 with the output end of stator winding 4.

The utility model part is similar to no-brush synchronous generator, but in contrast, the utility model structure is simpler skilful It is wonderful, and without external excitation generation or control device.After wind wheel drives main shaft rotation, excitation generating winding forms forever with magnet steel Magnetic synchronous alternating-current generator, excitation generating winding induce alternating voltage under the magnetic force line cutting of magnet steel, and the voltage is by encouraging Magnetic generates electricity rectifier rectification after direct current, to transport to the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of coaxial rotating, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection generates excitation field, cutting stator Winding sends out alternating voltage, and the alternating voltage is through output rectifier or directs out output, completes power generation process.Work as wind increases After generator speed improves, the alternating voltage that stator winding is sent out increases immediately, this voltage sub-fraction is whole by exporting Stream device is added in after being transformed to direct current in feedback winding, due to the magnetic flux that feedback winding terminal voltage improves, feedback winding generates Increasing, since feedback winding is opposite with magnet steel flow direction so that interlinkage reduces in total magnetic flux of excitation generating winding, from And the output voltage of excitation generating winding is reduced, keep the exciting current of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection smaller so that the excitation magnetic of stator winding It is logical to reduce, stator winding output voltage is reduced, the stabilization of output voltage, the magnetic of the utility model excitation generating winding are realized Logical-rotation speed relation, output power-rotation speed relation are as shown in Figure 6,7, and the utility model utilizes the feedback of magnet steel and special designing The excitation negative feedback of winding and feedback winding, realizes the stabilization of generator output voltage, to eliminate large capacity The materials such as supply convertor, magnet steel with high costs, significantly reduce the cost of generator.Further to promote controlling Can, smooth exciting current, the excitation generates electricity rectifier in addition to using general-purpose diode rectifier, can also use thyristor Full control or half-controlled bridge, DC side can also increase smooth inductor etc..

Referring to attached drawing 3, this is the feedback winding circuit diagram of second embodiment of the utility model.The present embodiment principle Essentially identical with embodiment one, the main distinction is that output end of the feedback winding 5 through output rectifier 9 and stator winding 4 passes through control Transistor 10 processed is electrically connected, in this way, the feedback excitation magnetic flux of feedback winding can further be controlled by controlling transistor, can make to encourage Magnetic control is more accurate, also the control mode of entire generator can be made more flexible, should due to feedback winding current capacity very little Transistor can be operated in Linear Amplifer state, enable control more accurate sensitive, can also be operated on off state, it is only necessary to add afterflow Diode；Controlling transistor can form buck chopper, boost chopper or isolation copped wave with feedback winding in parallel or series.

Referring to attached drawing 4, this is the feedback winding circuit diagram of the utility model third embodiment.The present embodiment principle Essentially identical with embodiment one, two, the main distinction is that feedback winding is electrically connected with stator winding 4 by feedback winding rectifier 11 It connects, impedor 12 is connected between feedback winding rectifier 11 and stator winding 4, impedor 12 is in series by capacitance.This Sample, feedback winding take one phase voltage of stator winding by independent rectifier, and principle is duplicate, then passes through impedance element Part can advanced optimize the sensitivity of negative-feedback such as series capacitor or shunt reactor, because of frequency after generator speed raising Rate Synchronous lifting can further improve since capacitive reactance capacitor is reduced with frequency under the same output voltage variation of feedback winding Feedback current variable quantity, impedor also can parallel inductor etc., so that the feedback current of feedback winding is changed with the raising of rotating speed It more limits, to promote feedback sensitivity, while the passive attribute of impedor has preferable reliability, has also eliminated The high cost and complexity of source control circuit.

Referring to attached drawing 5, this is the structural schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment of the utility model.The present embodiment principle and embodiment One, two, three is also essentially identical, and the main distinction is, first, feedback winding with stator winding 4 by being electrically connected with external control terminal, The feedback current of feedback winding can just be provided by external control unit outside completely, it can be achieved that more precise control and better response Energy.External control unit outside is supplied to feedback winding after network voltage or generator excitation generating winding voltage can be utilized converted, The time constant of feedback control can shorten in this way, adjust progress to promote voltage power, it helps reduce generator's power and angle Shake.Secondly, the generator of the present embodiment uses outer-rotor structure, wind wheel holder to be mounted directly on outside motor shell, Shaft fixing shell rotates, and can preferably coordinate in this way with wind wheel structure, by the larger stator winding of winding volume and vibration Frangible magnet steel winding is put among motor, and power of motor density can be improved and prevent magnet steel fragmentation.Certainly according to Electrical Motor original Outer-rotor structure also can be used in the other embodiment of reason, the utility model completely, is used for trunnion axis or vertical axis aerogenerator.

The utility model, which is can be seen that, from above-described embodiment of the utility model has following advantageous effect and essence completely Property feature：

The first, the cost of permanent magnet direct-drive scheme is significantly reduced.Existing permanent magnet direct-drive scheme permanent-magnet material usage amount is surprising, Since motor series is excessive, the cost of permanent-magnet material is extremely expensive, and the permanent magnet magnet steel of the utility model is used merely to excitation Winding provides the needs of excitation power generation, and the excitation of main stator winding is realized by electrical excitation, therefore magnet steel quantity can be greatly reduced, Generator excitation power accounts for the calculating of power of motor 3% by, and the utility model only needs the magnet steel of the prior art 3% or so i.e. Can, it is contemplated that first there is permanent magnet direct-drive scheme magnet steel cost to account for the 80% of motor cost, and the electrical excitation of the utility model around The structures such as group, feedback winding are conventional, of low cost, can be by the cost reduction 60-70% of prior art motor, due to brushless no collection Flow ring, cost even than double feedback electric engine it is lower, to greatly reduce permanent magnet direct-drive technology popularization threshold.

Third, the hidden danger for overcoming permanent-magnet material demagnetization.The utility model due to being controlled using feedback winding with magnet steel jointly Excitation generating winding processed, if magnet steel demagnetizes, the firelight or sunlight brightness of feedback current of feedback winding, which synchronizes, to be reduced, last output power, voltage It remains unchanged, as long as theoretically magnet steel remains to maintenance and its small remanent magnetism, generator normal power generation, prior art magnetic can be made Steel is once demagnetize, and magnetic flux reduces on year-on-year basis, and motor performance deteriorates immediately, and weak wind output can be reduced obviously.

The preferred embodiment of the utility model is described above.It is to be appreciated that the utility model not office It is limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, wherein the equipment and structure be not described in detail to the greatest extent are construed as with the common side in this field Formula is practiced；Any technical person familiar with the field all may be used in the case where not departing from technical solutions of the utility model ambit Many possible changes and modifications are made to technical solutions of the utility model using the methods and technical content of the disclosure above, or are repaiied It is changed to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, this has no effect on the substantive content of the utility model.Therefore, every without departing from this practicality The content of new technique scheme, any simple modification made to the above embodiment of foundation the technical essence of the utility model, etc. With variation and modification, still fall within technical solutions of the utility model protection in the range of.

Claims

1. a kind of compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator, which is characterized in that including main shaft, bearing, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, stator winding, Feedback winding, magnet steel, excitation generating winding, circuit cavity and excitation power generation rectifier；

The main shaft is set to electric machine casing center by bearing；The stator winding, feedback winding, magnet steel are set to motor stator Part；The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, excitation generating winding, circuit cavity are set to rotor part；The stator winding and excitation around Group constitutes magnetic flux and interlinks structure, and the feedback winding and magnet steel interlink with excitation generating winding composition magnetic flux structure simultaneously；It is described Excitation generates electricity rectifier set on circuit inside cavity；The excitation generating winding and the exchange side of excitation power generation rectifier are electrically connected It connects, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is electrically connected with the DC side of excitation power generation rectifier；The feedback winding and external feedback control terminal electricity Connection is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding；The output end of the stator winding is directly or through output rectifier and power generation Acc power output end is electrically connected.

2. compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback winding generates magnetic Logical direction is opposite with magnet steel flow direction.

3. compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback winding passes through anti- Feedback winding rectifier is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding.

4. compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback winding is through output Rectifier is electrically connected with the output end of stator winding by controlling transistor.

5. compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback winding and stator Impedor is connected between winding.

6. compound rectifier excitation brushless wind generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the generator is outer rotor Type structure.