CN207926250U - A kind of synthesis is for electric installation - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of synthesis is for electric installation, including generator, solar panel, battery, super capacitor, power supply management circuit；Power supply management circuit includes rectification circuit, isolation circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, the electric energy and battery power that generator and solar panel generate all are controlled by power supply management circuit, the electric energy that generator and solar panel generate, which is all first sent in super capacitor, to be stored, voltage when super capacitor rated voltage is full higher than battery electric, generator idle voltage output and solar panel open-circuit voltage are above voltage when battery expires electricity, and the rectification circuit in power supply management circuit carries out rectification to the alternating current that generator exports；Isolation circuit in power supply management circuit carries out isolation two-by-two so that the electric energy that any of this 3 power supplys generate will not be absorbed or consumed by other two power supplys to generator, solar panel, battery, while any of this 3 power supplys can be individually for load circuit power supply；ON-OFF control circuit controls the output of super capacitor, and only when conducting voltage of the voltage of super capacitor higher than some setting, super capacitor could power to load circuit by ON-OFF control circuit.

Description

A kind of synthesis is for electric installation

Technical field

The utility model is related to power circuit technical fields, more particularly to a kind of synthesis for electric installation.

Background technology

Currently, existing electronic lock, non-external power supply power supply mode has battery, battery+generator, battery+solar energy Solar panel several ways;In battery system power supply mode battery life it is shorter and once dead battery must external power supply otherwise It can not unlock;Therefore battery+generator mode does not use generator in electronic lock can not supplement electricity to extending battery work The effect for making the time is limited;Battery+solar panel mode it is slow there are solar panel power supply and can not quick charge, In the case that once electronic lock supply voltage is not enough badly in need of use, it is still necessary to external power supply.

Application No. is the patents of CN 2017000347369.3《Self-switching type solar charging Denso applied to smart lock It sets》In use rechargeable battery and solar panel and give smart lock power supply, without reference to generator, and described charging valve It includes various chips to manage module, these chips are that active device itself is needed to consume certain electric energy and be needed under certain voltage It could work, if power supply itself undertension when solar panel charging starting, these chips are likely to cannot normal work Make；The patent of Patent No. 01247670.6《Solar energy smart lock》In also without being related to generator, and in Figure of description It can be seen that solar cell and rechargeable battery are directly in parallel, it cannot not only power in no light solar cell and can also Consume the electric energy of rechargeable battery；Application No. is the patents of CN20201600106149.1《A kind of intelligence based on solar cell Lock supply unit》It is not related to generator equally.

Application No. is the patents of CN201500098358.6《A kind of electronic lock and handle power generator》In only comprising power generation Machine is not directed to other power supplys such as battery or solar panel；Application No. is the patents of CN201600085193.2《One kind has The intelligent bicycle lock of power generator》Equally pertain only to electrical power generators.

Invention content

In order to overcome existing electronic lock power supply mode single, the deficiency of electric power management circuit complexity, the utility model carries A kind of synthesis has been supplied for electric installation, the advantages of which combines a variety of power supply modes for electric installation, has adapted to electronic lock not Power demands in the case of.

To achieve the goals above, a kind of synthesis of the utility model is adopted the following technical scheme that for electric installation：

A kind of synthesis is for electric installation, including generator, solar panel, battery, super capacitor, power supply management circuit； Power supply management circuit includes rectification circuit, isolation circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, the electric energy that generator and solar panel generate And battery power is all controlled by power supply management circuit, the electric energy that generator and solar panel generate all first is sent to super It is stored in grade capacitance, voltage when super capacitor rated voltage is full higher than battery electric, generator idle voltage output and solar-electricity Pond plate open-circuit voltage is above voltage when battery expires electricity, the alternating current that the rectification circuit in power supply management circuit exports generator Carry out rectification；Isolation circuit in power supply management circuit carries out isolation two-by-two to generator, solar panel, battery and makes this The electric energy that any of 3 power supplys generate will not be absorbed or consumed by other two power supplys, while any of this 3 power supplys are all It can be individually for load circuit power supply；ON-OFF control circuit controls the output of super capacitor, only when super capacitor When voltage is higher than the conducting voltage that some sets, super capacitor could power to load circuit by ON-OFF control circuit.

More preferably, there are one cut-offs for ON-OFF control circuit（Shutdown）Voltage threshold, cutoff threshold is not less than follow-up load electricity The minimum operating voltage on road, when input voltage is reduced to this threshold value, ON-OFF control circuit cut-off is no longer to load circuit power supply.

More preferably, battery power is sent in super capacitor and stores, and battery and generator and solar panel share one A super capacitor.

More preferably, battery power is sent to the output end of ON-OFF control circuit through isolation circuit.

More preferably, a zener diode is in parallel with rectification circuit, prevent generator output voltage excessively high.

More preferably, select the diode of small reverse current as the isolation circuit between different electrical power.

More preferably, generator can be 1, can also be mounted on 2 or 3 of different location.

More preferably, solar panel has 1 piece, can also be mounted on 2 pieces of different location or 3 pieces.

More preferably, power supply management circuit is made of discrete component, without IC chip, without active device.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are specific as follows：

1, the utility model combines the advantages of a variety of power supply modes：Solar panel in the case where there is illumination condition continue to Super capacitor charges;When using product, electrical power generators can be driven by handle or pedal, supplement solar panel Power generation and in case of emergency can quickly power；

2, the utility model is using the electric energy of super capacitor storage generator and solar panel, and super capacitor is with the longevity The advantages of ordering long memory-less effect；When generator and solar panel output power reach certain value, select suitable super Grade capacitance parameter can give up battery, or preferentially use super capacitor electric energy, battery be saved, to substantially reduce into This, and because without changing battery and improving user experience；

3, the utility model builds power supply management circuit using passive device, farthest reduces power supply management circuit Consumption to electric energy, and limited without minimum as IC chip, it is highly suitable under low light environment to the sun The control of energy solar panel power supply, is applicable in the control powered to microgenerator very much.

Description of the drawings

The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is the topology diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the utility model first embodiment physical circuit figure.

Fig. 3 is ON-OFF control circuit input voltage described in the utility model and output voltage relational graph.

Fig. 4 is the utility model second embodiment physical circuit figure.

Specific implementation mode

In order to be more clearly understood that the technology contents of the utility model, spy are lifted following embodiment and are described in detail.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, a kind of specific embodiment of synthesis for electric installation is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, Including battery 1, solar panel 2, generator 3, rectification circuit 4, isolation circuit 5, super capacitor 6, ON-OFF control circuit 7; Rectification circuit 4 is made of diode D4-D10, and wherein rectifier diode D4-D9 constitutes 3 commutating phase bridges, and D10 is zener diode； Isolation circuit 5 is made of diode D1-D3；ON-OFF control circuit 7 is by resistance R1-R4 and P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and N-channel MOS pipe Q2 is constituted, its source electrode when metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected（The poles S）And drain electrode（The poles D）Between in low impedance state, can be approximately considered be 0, Its source electrode when metal-oxide-semiconductor disconnects（The poles S）And drain electrode（The poles D）Between can be approximately considered as infinity in high impedance status.

The minium operation voltage VL- of known load circuit is 3.3V, and upper limit VL+ is 10V；Therefore super capacitor C1's is specified Operating voltage can be taken as 10V, and the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode D10 is taken as the 10V no more than VL+, and battery G1 selects 3 sections 5 Its standard voltage value of battery is 4.5V, and the open-circuit voltage of solar panel G2 is chosen for 9V, the unloaded output electricity of generator G3 Pressure（After rectification）Peak value is chosen for 10V；The conducting voltage VT+ of ON-OFF control circuit 7 is set as 4V, and shutdown voltage VT- is set as 3.4V。

The one-way conduction characteristic of diode D1-D3 so that this 3 devices of battery G1, solar cell G2 and generator G3 Any one will not all consume other two electric energy, at the same in this 3 devices the high person of output voltage preferentially to super capacitor C1 Power supply.

When there is illumination abundance, since the open-circuit voltage 9V of solar cell G2 is higher than cell voltage 4.5V, the sun Energy battery G2 will preferentially be powered to the load by isolating diode D2 ON-OFF control circuits 7, such as the confession of solar cell G2 at this time Electric current is more than the electric current that load needs, and solar cell G2 powers to the load while charging to super capacitor C1, super capacitor The voltage of C1 increases；Since the open-circuit voltage of solar panel G2 is the rated operational voltage 10V that 9V is less than super capacitor C1, Therefore super capacitor C1 most multipotencys are charged to 9V without departing from its rated voltage；If considering the pressure drop of isolating diode D2, the sun The maximum charging voltage that energy solar panel G2 can be provided to super capacitor C1 is less than 9V.

When illumination is insufficient or no light, the electric current of load consumption is more than the electric current that solar cell G2 is provided, if at this time The terminal voltage of super capacitor C1 is more than the terminal voltage of battery G1, then differential section electric current provides therefore super electricity by super capacitor C1 The voltage for holding the both ends C1 declines；When the terminal voltage of super capacitor C1, which drops to, is equal to the terminal voltage by battery G1, super capacitor C1 and battery G1 power to the load together.

When generator G3 is rotated with rated speed, since its idle voltage output peak value 10V is higher than cell voltage 4.5V, And operating current is generally all much larger than load current when generator G3 work, therefore generator G3 will preferentially be filled to super capacitor C1 Electricity is without consuming battery power；Solar cell G2 also can provide charging current to super capacitor C1 if having illumination at this time； Since generator G3 is driven by manpower, velocity of rotation and output voltage are very big by man's activity, therefore can be by two pole of voltage stabilizing Pipe D10 voltages to limit 3 commutating phase bridges output in parallel with the 3 commutating phase bridges that D4-D9 is constituted is not higher than 10V, considers further that The droop loss of D3, nominal operation electricity of the maximum charging voltage less than super capacitor C1 that generator G3 provides super capacitor C1 Press 10V.

Different diodes has different reverse currents, if the reverse current of rectifier diode D4-D9 is larger, needs Isolating diode D3 of the series connection with small reverse current parameter, otherwise surpasses between rectifier diode D4-D9 and super capacitor C1 Grade capacitance C1 can pass through D4-D9 release currents over the ground；If the reverse current of the rectifier diode D4-D9 selected is sufficiently small, Isolating diode D3 can be cancelled.

The function of ON-OFF control circuit 7 is that super capacitor C1 is prevented to be charged under load circuit works voltage from low-voltage It limits the load circuit being likely to occur when VL- and starts abnormal problem, for the determining operating voltage provided to load circuit one Determine in range.When battery G1 output voltages are less than load circuit works lower voltage limit VL- or are fitted without battery, that is, only have When solar cell G2 or generator G3 or both associating power supply, if without ON-OFF control circuit 7, at this time super capacitor C1 from Low-voltage is charged to load circuit works lower voltage limit VL-（3.3V）When, load circuit begins to start work；General load electricity Instantaneous power when capacitive load in road can cause load circuit to start to work（Surge current）Much larger than solar cell G2 and The charging current of generator G3, therefore super capacitor C1 moments can be caused to drop below VL-, cause load circuit to stop work Make；The terminal voltage of equal super capacitors C1 rises to VL-, and will appear load circuit startup->Transient current is more than charging current-> Super capacitor C1 both end voltages are less than VL- values->The process that load circuit is stopped.Super capacitor C1 and load circuit it Between after tandem tap control circuit 7, as shown in figure 3, Vi is the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit 7, Vo is ON-OFF control circuit 7 Output voltage；Vi rises to 7 conducting voltage VT+ of ON-OFF control circuit from 0V（4V）In the process, ON-OFF control circuit 7 cut-off from And Vo is 0V；ON-OFF control circuit 7 is connected after Vi reaches VT+, since the pressure drop very little of ON-OFF control circuit 7 therefore can be approximate Think Vo=Vi=VT+=4V at this time；Since VT+ or Vo at this time are compared with VL-（3.3V）It is higher by 0.7, therefore even if because surge current is made There is certain decline at Vo（Such as 0.5V）Vo will not be made to be less than VL-, to which load circuit can normally start.Super capacitor C1's cuts Only voltage VT- values are not less than and slightly above loaded work piece lower voltage limit VL-, and VT-=3.4V is taken in the present embodiment；When super electricity When the terminal voltage of appearance C1 declines from high voltage, in 7 blanking voltage VT- of ON-OFF control circuit（3.4V）To conducting voltage VT+（4V） ON-OFF control circuit 7 is held in this section of voltage range, load circuit normal work, to utmostly extend load electricity The working time on road；When the terminal voltage of super capacitor C1 drops to blanking voltage VT-（3.4V）When, ON-OFF control circuit 7 ends, Load circuit is stopped；Follow-up super capacitor C1 terminal voltages only rise to 7 conducting voltage VT+ of ON-OFF control circuit again （4V）, ON-OFF control circuit 7 can just be connected, to ensure that load circuit can normally start every time.

7 inner workings of ON-OFF control circuit in the present embodiment are made a concrete analysis of below：

Its source electrode when the conducting of Q1（The poles S）And grid（The poles G）Voltage difference be denoted as VQ1, its grid when the conducting of Q2（The poles G） And source electrode（The poles S）Voltage difference be denoted as VQ2；Vi caused by load circuit starts moment falls value and is denoted as dVi；As Vi=VT+ Vo=Vi, Vo=0V as Vi=VT-.The determining of conducting voltage VT+ need to consider to load minimum operating voltage VL- and dVi because Element should have (VT+）>(VL-)+dVi, blanking voltage VT- value should be not less than minimum operating voltage VL-, and otherwise power source bus is from height Load circuit will start when voltage descends below i.e. VT+=VL- when voltage after VT- rises to VL- again.In order to realize Vi from low In voltage uphill process in input terminal voltage Vi=VT+ Vo=Vi, the i.e. source electrode of Q1 when Vi=VT+（The poles S）And drain electrode（The poles D） Conducting, it is R1/ VQ1=(R1+R2)/VT+ that R1 and R2 relationships, which can be arranged,;In order to realize Vi during high voltage decline defeated The source electrode of Q1 when Vo=0V when entering terminal voltage Vi=VT-, i.e. Vi=VT+（The poles S）And drain electrode（The poles D）Shutdown can be arranged R1 and R2 and close System is R4/ VQ2=(R3+R4)/VT-.

Known load minium operation voltage value VL- is 3.3V, starts moment Vi and falls value dVi=0.5V, therefore desirable (VT +=4V)>(3.3+0.5=3.8V) the i.e. circuit turn-on when Vi rises to 4V from low-voltage, i.e. Q1 conductings;It takes (VT-=3.4V)> 3.3V, when the extend as far as possible load circuit works time ensureing that follow-up input voltage Vi gos up simultaneously, load circuit can be just in this way Often start.Q1 selects metal-oxide-semiconductor FDN336, source electrode when being connected（The poles S）And grid（The poles G）Voltage difference VQ1=0.9V, Q2 selects Metal-oxide-semiconductor FDN335, its grid when being connected（The poles G）And source electrode（The poles S）Voltage difference be denoted as VQ2=0.9V；According to the above parameter, Desirable R1=R4=9k, R2=31k, R3=25k.When Vi rises from low-voltage, according to the partial pressure relationship of R1 and R2, VQ1 is also therewith Rise, VQ1=R1*Vi/(R1+R2)=0.9V can be calculated when rising to 4V to Vi, Q1 is connected；Q1 connect after Vo=Vi= VQ2=R4*Vo/(R3+R4)=1.06V can be calculated according to the partial pressure relationship of R3 and R4 in 4V>0.9V, to which Q2 is connected, So that the grid voltage of Q1 is close to 0V, to which approximation has VQ1=Vi-0V=4V；It can be seen that the circuit that R3, R4, Q2 are constituted It is positive-feedback circuit, while only having Q1 that Q2 is first connected under ON-OFF control circuit off state to be connected, therefore can passes through Adjust the Vi values when state modulator Q1 conductings of R3 and R4；Vo=4V when voltage power supply, starts wink when due to load startup work Voltage falls dVi=0.5V, therefore loads Vo=3.5V after startup>VL-, therefore load circuit can keep working normally.Q1 is connected Under state when Vo declines from high voltage, according to the partial pressure relationship of R3 and R4, VQ2 also declines therewith；As Vo=4V VQ2= Therefore Q2 is held on 1.06V, while therefore Q1 is held on VQ1=4V；When Vo drops to less than 3.4V, VQ1=3.4V is therefore Q1 is held on but VQ2=0.9V therefore Q2 shutdowns, causes VQ1=R1*Vi/(R1+R2)=0.765V<0.9V therefore Q1 shutdowns, I.e. entire ON-OFF control circuit shutdown；It can be seen that the shutdown voltage of ON-OFF control circuit can be by R3 when Vi declines from high voltage With the state modulator of R4.

The conducting voltage of actual metal-oxide-semiconductor is frequently not a determining value, but is located in a certain range, and MOS The grid grade of pipe（G grades）And source level（S grades）Between often there is certain leakage current to lead to the voltage at the both ends R1 and the both ends R2 and its resistance Than or the voltage at the both ends R3 and the both ends R4 ratio and its resistance ratio have certain deviation, but working process and principle and this example is above-mentioned Analysis is consistent.

Example two

Refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, example second is that example one modification, substantially with Fig. 1 to tool shown in Fig. 3 Body embodiment is identical, and identical part uses identical label or code name；Compared with example one, example two increases solar-electricity Pond G4 and corresponding isolating diode D11, increases generator G5 and corresponding rectifier diode D13-D18, zener diode D19 and isolating diode D12；Compared with example one, in example two power supply of battery G1 do not transmitted after isolating diode D1 The output end of ON-OFF control circuit 7 is sent to the input terminal of ON-OFF control circuit 7.

When ON-OFF control circuit 7 ends, super capacitor C1 can only be by solar cell G2 or solar cell G4 or hair Motor G3 or generator G5 chargings, the battery unlike example one cannot be super capacitor C1 chargings.Once switch control electricity Road 7 is connected, and the input voltage Vi and output voltage Vo of ON-OFF control circuit 7 are essentially identical, and the power supply of battery G1 at this time is transported to The input terminal of ON-OFF control circuit 7 and the output end for being transported to ON-OFF control circuit 7 are Approximate Equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of synthesis is for electric installation, characterized in that including generator, solar panel, battery, super capacitor, for fulgurite Manage circuit；Power supply management circuit includes rectification circuit, isolation circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, and generator and solar panel produce Raw electric energy and battery power is all controlled by power supply management circuit, and the electric energy that generator and solar panel generate is all First be sent in super capacitor and store, voltage when super capacitor rated voltage full higher than battery electricity, generator idle voltage output and Solar panel open-circuit voltage is above voltage when battery expires electricity, and the rectification circuit in power supply management circuit exports generator Alternating current carry out rectification；Isolation circuit in power supply management circuit to generator, solar panel, battery carry out two-by-two every From making the electric energy that any of this 3 power supplys generate not absorbed or be consumed by other two power supplys, while in this 3 power supplys Any one can be individually for load circuit or functional circuit power supply；ON-OFF control circuit controls the output of super capacitor System, only when turn-on voltage of the voltage of super capacitor higher than some setting, super capacitor could be by switching control electricity Road powers to load circuit.

2. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that there are one blanking voltages for ON-OFF control circuit Threshold value, cutoff voltage threshold are not less than the minimum operating voltage of follow-up load circuit, are opened when input voltage is reduced to this threshold value Close control circuit cut-off, no longer to load circuit power supply.

3. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that battery power is sent in super capacitor and stores up It deposits, battery and generator and solar panel share a super capacitor.

4. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that battery power is sent to switch through isolation circuit The output end of control circuit.

5. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that by a zener diode and rectification circuit Parallel connection prevents generator output voltage excessively high.

6. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that select the diode conduct of small reverse current Isolation circuit between different electrical power.

7. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that generator can be 1, can also install At 2 of different location or 3.

8. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that solar panel has 1 piece, can also be Mounted on 2 pieces of different location or 3 pieces.

9. a kind of synthesis according to claim 1 is for electric installation, characterized in that power supply management circuit is by discrete component structure At without IC chip, without active device.

10. according to any one of the claim 1-9 synthesis for electric installation, characterized in that generator, solar panel, electricity Pond any one or arbitrary combination are powered.