CN207896980U - Communication structure and communication system - Google Patents
Communication structure and communication system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of communication structure and communication systems.Wherein, communication structure include main control unit, multiple Correspond Nodes respectively from control unit and CAN bus；Wherein, main control unit includes microcontroller, CAN transceiver, the first functional chip；Include the second functional chip from control unit, and reserves the position of welding CAN transceiver and microcontroller；Wherein the first functional chip and the second functional chip support daisy chain topology；Communication mode between main control unit and each unit from control is suitable for switching between being communicated using daisy chain topology or being communicated using CAN bus according to demand.The technical program provides a kind of communication structure that flexibility can flexibly switch between two kinds of communication modes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a communication topology and communication protocol technical field especially relate to a communication structure and communication system.
Background
Daisy-Chain (Daisy-Chain) communication is a common multi-device connection communication topology.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a daisy chain connection structure in the prior art. In fig. 1, a single chip sends an instruction to a functional chip supporting a daisy chain, and the acquisition instruction is transmitted downward through a daisy chain topology in the form of a signal. In practical application, the single chip microcomputer can transmit signals downwards through two-wire communication signals RDTX + and RDTX-of the isolation chip paired with the functional chip supporting the daisy chain. The information and the instruction sent by the single chip microcomputer are transmitted downwards from the 1 st node through the daisy chain structure until the last 1 node receives the instruction.
For example, in a Battery Management System (BMS), a BMU (Battery Management Unit) in such a Daisy-Chain BMS can simultaneously issue a command (for example, voltage measurement and voltage reading) to all Cell Management Unit (CMU) nodes, or can issue a command to a certain node and operate the node individually. The Daisy Chain (Daisy-Chain) network topology structure has low cost, can simultaneously realize communication of a plurality of nodes, is a very common topology structure in the field of automotive electronics, and a plurality of chips support the Daisy Chain (Daisy-Chain) structure.
The existing common daisy chain structure usually connects adjacent nodes by twisted pair connection to form a long queue structure, such a configuration has the significant disadvantage that, as signals from a first node are passed through the Daisy Chain (Daisy-Chain) to a next node, there is some signal attenuation, therefore, after the signal is continuously transmitted to the next node, the attenuation phenomenon becomes more and more obvious, the signal received by the last node is necessarily the most attenuated, for this reason, the maximum number of nodes supported by the daisy chain structure is usually lower, while the BMS needs more CMU nodes according to actual needs, therefore, such a daisy chain structure cannot be directly applied to the BMS due to its signal attenuation characteristic, and an improvement in the daisy chain signal attenuation characteristic is required to solve the problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses be exactly to above-mentioned problem, provide a communication structure, include: the CAN bus comprises a main control unit, a plurality of slave control units respectively corresponding to communication nodes and a CAN bus; wherein,
the main control unit includes: the system comprises a singlechip, a CAN transceiver and a first functional chip;
the slave control unit includes: the second functional chip is reserved for welding the CAN transceiver and the singlechip; wherein the first functional chip and the second functional chip both support a daisy chain topology;
the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or CAN bus communication according to requirements.
Optionally, the switching between the communication by adopting the daisy chain topology or the communication by the CAN bus according to the requirement includes:
the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit is determined by whether the signal attenuation of each communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range;
if the signal attenuation of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node adopt a daisy chain topology structure for communication; and if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by adopting a CAN bus.
Optionally, the master control unit further includes a first transformer, and each slave control unit further includes a second transformer and a connector; a channel selection switch is arranged between the second transformer and the connector of each slave control unit; the connector is used for multiplexing an interface of a daisy chain topological structure and an interface of a CAN bus;
if the main control unit and the slave control unit adopt a daisy chain topology structure for communication, a channel selection switch in the slave control unit is closed,
if the master control unit and the slave control unit adopt the CAN bus for communication, the channel selection switch in the slave control unit is disconnected, and the CAN transceiver and the singlechip are welded at the position where the CAN transceiver and the singlechip are reserved and welded in the slave control unit.
Optionally, if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, and the master control unit communicates with the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node by using the CAN bus, if the signal attenuation of the communication node first exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, and the next communication node of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared with the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicates with the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node by using a daisy chain topology structure.
Optionally, a slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node communicates with the master control unit by using a CAN bus, where signal attenuation occurs for the first time, the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node.
Optionally, if the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication nodes exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared to the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication nodes communicates with the master control unit by using the CAN bus.
Optionally, if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by using a CAN bus; the communication mode between the slave control unit and the master control unit corresponding to each subsequent communication node of the communication node is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or CAN bus communication according to requirements.
Optionally, the master control unit is a battery management unit, and the slave control unit is a single management unit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a communication system, including above-mentioned communication structure.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a communication method, this communication method is based on above-mentioned communication structure, communication method includes following step:
and determining the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit according to the requirement, and switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or CAN bus.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses technical scheme has following beneficial effect at least:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a among the communication structure, the main control unit includes singlechip, CAN transceiver and the functional chip that supports daisy chain topological structure; and the slave control unit corresponding to each communication node comprises a functional chip supporting a daisy chain topological structure, and positions for welding the CAN transceiver and the single chip microcomputer are reserved. Therefore, the two communication modes of CAN bus communication or daisy chain topological structure communication between the master control unit and the slave control unit CAN be realized by one set of circuit board without additionally designing two different circuit boards, so that the hardware cost is saved, and when the slave control unit needs to communicate with the master control unit through the CAN bus, the singlechip and the CAN transceiver are welded into the circuit.
The master control unit and the slave control units are respectively provided with a transformer (playing an isolation role in communication), a channel selection switch is further arranged between the transformer and the connector in each slave control unit, and the master control unit and the slave control units are in signal transmission in different communication modes by controlling the state switching (opening or closing) of the channel selection switches, so that the switching between CAN bus communication or daisy chain topological structure communication is flexible. Further, the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface (interface of each node of the daisy chain topology) are multiplexing connectors, and the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface are switched by a channel selection switch.
The above embodiment adopts 1 daisy chain topology and the rest of the communication nodes to implement the communication between the master control unit and the slave control unit by adopting a CAN bus communication mode. However, because the cost of the daisy chain topology is low, the remaining communication nodes CAN be formed into the 2 nd daisy chain topology again, and the communication of all the communication nodes in the daisy chain topology is completed by the slave control unit having the single chip and the CAN transceiver (i.e. the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node where the signal attenuation occurs for the first time), and all the sampling data is sent to the master control unit by the CAN bus communication mode, so that the communication structure is changed into a structure in which the communication of the daisy chain topology and the CAN bus is staggered, and the cost of the communication system is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art daisy chain connection architecture;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a communication structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the communication structure includes a master control unit 11, slave control units (such as slave control units 21 and 22 shown in the figure, 2N +1 and 2N +2) respectively corresponding to communication nodes, and a CAN bus 31.
Specifically, the main control unit 11 includes a single chip 111, a CAN transceiver 112, a first functional chip 113, and a first transformer 114. The first transformer 114 performs an isolation function during communication. Each slave control unit (e.g., slave control unit 21) corresponding to the communication node includes a second functional chip 211 and a second transformer 212, and reserves a position for welding the CAN transceiver and the one-chip microcomputer. Wherein, the first functional chip 113 and the second functional chip 211 both support a daisy chain topology.
The main control unit 11 sends an acquisition instruction (for example, an instruction for acquiring battery pack voltage data) to the first functional chip through the single chip 111. The acquisition command is transmitted in the form of a signal from the first communication node (corresponding slave unit 21) down through the daisy chain topology.
Different from the prior art, the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or CAN bus communication according to requirements. In each slave unit, the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface (interface of each node of the daisy chain topology) are multiplexed by the same connector, and the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface are switched by the channel selection switch.
In a preferred embodiment, how to switch between different communication modes can be determined according to the signal attenuation condition of each communication node.
Specifically, if the signal attenuation of the communication node is within the range of the requirement for signal transmission accuracy, the master control unit 11 communicates with the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node by adopting a daisy chain topology structure; if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit 11 and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by adopting a CAN bus.
And a channel selection switch is arranged between the second transformer of each slave control unit and the connector, and the communication mode between the master control unit and the slave control unit CAN be flexibly switched by controlling the on/off of the channel selection switch, wherein the connector is a connector for multiplexing the interface of the daisy chain topology structure and the interface of the CAN bus.
Specifically, if the master control unit 11 and the slave control units communicate with each other by using a daisy chain topology structure, the channel selection switch in the slave control unit is closed, and the two interfaces of the connector are daisy chain communication interfaces, so as to ensure that the signal flows in from the previous communication node, and flows out to the next communication node after being processed by the connector.
If the master control unit 11 and the slave control unit communicate by using the CAN bus 31, the channel selection switch in the slave control unit is turned off, and the CAN transceiver and the single chip microcomputer are welded at the position where the CAN transceiver and the single chip microcomputer are reserved in the slave control unit. In this case, the slave control unit controls signal acquisition through the single chip microcomputer, the two interfaces of the connector which originally input daisy chain signals output CANH and CANL signals at the moment due to switching of the channel selection switch, and acquired data values are transmitted to the master control unit 11 through the CAN bus.
In practical application, it is not limited to determine how to switch between different communication modes according to the signal attenuation condition of each communication node. The user CAN utilize according to the demand of difference the utility model provides a communication structure switches daisy chain topological structure communication or CAN bus communication in a flexible way.
In the communication structure shown in fig. 2, the daisy chain topology of the N communication nodes and the CAN bus structure of the rest communication nodes, the attenuation of the signals in the N communication nodes is within the accuracy requirement range. The value of N is different under different conditions, because different functional chips have different influences on signal processing, daisy-chain communication lines of different lengths, materials and structures have different influences on signal attenuation, and the accuracy requirements of different functional chips are different, which have larger influences on communication requirements.
In other embodiments, if the signal attenuation of the first communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by using a CAN bus; the communication mode between the slave control unit and the master control unit corresponding to each subsequent communication node of the communication node CAN be switched between communication by adopting a daisy chain topology structure or communication by adopting a CAN bus according to requirements.
Due to the low cost of the daisy chain topology structure, for each subsequent communication node of the communication node with the signal attenuation exceeding the signal transmission accuracy requirement range for the first time, if the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared with the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node and the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node communicate by adopting the daisy chain topology structure. That is, subsequent communication nodes may also be grouped again in a 2 nd daisy chain topology.
However, if the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication node (the communication node with the signal attenuation exceeding the signal transmission accuracy requirement range appears for the first time) exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared with the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node communicates with the master control unit by adopting the CAN bus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a communication structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The communication structure shown with reference to fig. 3 is different from that shown in fig. 2 in that the slave control unit 2N +1 and the slave control unit 2N +2 communicate with each other through a daisy chain topology, that is, the slave control unit 2N +1 and the slave control unit 2N +2 form a 2 nd daisy chain topology, the communication between the two slave control units and the master control unit 11 is performed by the slave control unit (i.e., the slave control unit 2N +1) having a single chip and a CAN transceiver, and the slave control unit 2N +1 transmits all the sampled data to the master control unit 11 through a CAN bus communication mode, so that the communication structure becomes a structure in which the daisy chain topology and the CAN bus communication are interleaved, and the cost of the communication system is further reduced. The communication structure shown in fig. 3 is only a specific example, and in practical applications, subsequent slave control units may also form one or more daisy chain topologies.
Therefore, the whole communication structure is formed by changing the original 1 daisy chain topology structure and the communication nodes corresponding to the slave control units with the single chip microcomputer into 2 daisy chain topology structures and the communication nodes corresponding to the slave control units with the single chip microcomputer. According to the method, the communication nodes corresponding to the rest slave control units with the single chip microcomputer CAN be continuously split into more daisy chain topological structures, so that the communication structure is changed into a structure with the communication interleaving of the daisy chain topological structures and the CAN buses, and the cost of the system is further reduced.
To solve the problems of the prior battery management system proposed in the background art, the embodiments of the present invention shown in fig. 2 and 3 can be applied to the battery management system to reduce the communication signal attenuation phenomenon generated by adopting the daisy chain topology structure. Therefore, in the above embodiment, the master control Unit is a Battery Management Unit (BMU), and the slave control Unit is a Cell Management Unit (CMU). In practical application, the embodiment of the present invention provides a communication structure that can be applied to other communication systems, which is not described herein again.
Based on the above communication structure, the embodiment of the utility model provides a communication method is still provided, including following step: and determining the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit according to the requirement, and switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or CAN bus.
In a preferred embodiment, the steps of: determining, according to the requirements, a communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit to switch between communication using a daisy chain topology or CAN bus communication, including:
step S1: determining whether the signal attenuation of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range;
step S2: if so, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node adopt a daisy chain topological structure for communication; if not, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node adopt the CAN bus for communication.
Further, if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, under the condition that the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by adopting the CAN bus, the communication mode between the slave control unit and the master control unit corresponding to each subsequent communication node of the communication node is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topology structure or communication by adopting the CAN bus according to requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, if the signal attenuation of the communication node is beyond the signal transmission accuracy requirement range for the first time, and the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared with the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node and the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node communicate by adopting a daisy chain topology. And a slave control unit corresponding to the communication node with the first signal attenuation is communicated with the master control unit through a CAN bus between the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node and the master control unit.
The specific implementation process of the communication method may refer to the above embodiment of the communication structure, and is not described herein again.
In summary, according to the technical solution, the main control unit of the communication structure includes a single chip, a CAN transceiver, and a functional chip supporting the daisy chain topology; and the slave control unit corresponding to each communication node comprises a functional chip supporting a daisy chain topological structure, and positions for welding the CAN transceiver and the single chip microcomputer are reserved. Therefore, the two communication modes of CAN bus communication or daisy chain topological structure communication between the master control unit and the slave control unit CAN be realized by one set of circuit board without additionally designing two different circuit boards, so that the hardware cost is saved, and when the slave control unit needs to communicate with the master control unit through the CAN bus, the singlechip and the CAN transceiver are welded into the circuit.
The master control unit and the slave control units are respectively provided with a transformer (playing an isolation role in communication), a channel selection switch is further arranged between the transformer and the connector in each slave control unit, and the master control unit and the slave control units are in signal transmission in different communication modes by controlling the state switching (opening or closing) of the channel selection switches, so that the switching between CAN bus communication or daisy chain topological structure communication is flexible. Further, the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface (interface of each node of the daisy chain topology) are multiplexing connectors, and the CAN bus interface and the daisy chain communication interface are switched by a channel selection switch.
The above embodiment adopts 1 daisy chain topology and the rest of the communication nodes to implement the communication between the master control unit and the slave control unit by adopting a CAN bus communication mode. However, because the cost of the daisy chain topology is low, the remaining communication nodes CAN be formed into the 2 nd daisy chain topology again, and the communication of all the communication nodes in the daisy chain topology is completed by the slave control unit having the single chip and the CAN transceiver (i.e. the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node where the signal attenuation occurs for the first time), and all the sampling data is sent to the master control unit by the CAN bus communication mode, so that the communication structure is changed into a structure in which the communication of the daisy chain topology and the CAN bus is staggered, and the cost of the communication system is further reduced.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can use the above-mentioned method and technical contents to make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments by the technical substance of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A communication structure, comprising: the CAN bus comprises a main control unit, a plurality of slave control units respectively corresponding to communication nodes and a CAN bus; wherein,
the main control unit includes: the system comprises a singlechip, a CAN transceiver and a first functional chip;
the slave control unit includes: the second functional chip is reserved for welding the CAN transceiver and the singlechip; wherein the first functional chip and the second functional chip both support a daisy chain topology;
the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or communication by adopting a CAN bus according to requirements.
2. The communication fabric of claim 1, wherein the adapted to switch on demand between communicating in a daisy chain topology or a CAN bus comprises:
the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave control unit is determined by whether the signal attenuation of each communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range;
if the signal attenuation of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node adopt a daisy chain topology structure for communication; and if the signal attenuation of the communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by adopting a CAN bus.
3. The communication structure of claim 2, wherein the master unit further comprises a first transformer, each slave unit further comprises a second transformer and a connector; a channel selection switch is arranged between the second transformer and the connector of each slave control unit; the connector is used for multiplexing an interface of a daisy chain topological structure and an interface of a CAN bus;
if the main control unit and the slave control unit adopt a daisy chain topology structure for communication, a channel selection switch in the slave control unit is closed,
if the master control unit and the slave control unit adopt the CAN bus for communication, the channel selection switch in the slave control unit is disconnected, and the CAN transceiver and the singlechip are welded at the position where the CAN transceiver and the singlechip are reserved and welded in the slave control unit.
4. The communication structure according to claim 2, wherein if the signal attenuation of a communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by using a CAN bus; if the signal attenuation of the communication node is beyond the signal transmission accuracy requirement range for the first time, and the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication node is within the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared with the signal attenuation of the communication node, the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node and the slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication node communicate by adopting a daisy chain topology structure.
5. The communication structure according to claim 4, wherein a slave control unit corresponding to a next communication node of the communication nodes communicates with the master control unit by using a CAN bus, wherein the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node which first appears signal attenuation communicates with the master control unit.
6. The communication structure according to claim 4, wherein if the signal attenuation of the next communication node of the communication nodes is beyond the signal transmission accuracy requirement range compared to the communication node, a slave control unit corresponding to the next communication node of the communication nodes communicates with the master control unit by using a CAN bus.
7. The communication structure according to claim 2, wherein if the signal attenuation of a communication node exceeds the signal transmission accuracy requirement range, the master control unit and the slave control unit corresponding to the communication node communicate by using a CAN bus; the communication mode between the slave control unit and the master control unit corresponding to each subsequent communication node of the communication node is suitable for switching between communication by adopting a daisy chain topological structure or communication by adopting a CAN bus according to requirements.
8. The communication structure of claim 1, wherein the master control unit is a battery management unit and the slave control unit is a cell management unit.
9. A communication system, characterized in that the communication system comprises a communication structure according to any of claims 1 to 8.
10. The communication system of claim 9, being a battery management system.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108337143A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-27 | 上海炙云新能源科技有限公司 | Communication structure, communication system and communication means |
| CN110442070A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-12 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of signal light control tutoring system of changeable communication mode |
| CN112803509A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-14 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Battery monomer management controller and battery management system |
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2018
- 2018-02-05 CN CN201820196489.8U patent/CN207896980U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108337143A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-27 | 上海炙云新能源科技有限公司 | Communication structure, communication system and communication means |
| CN108337143B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2024-03-01 | 上海炙云新能源科技有限公司 | Communication structure, communication system, and communication method |
| CN110442070A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-12 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of signal light control tutoring system of changeable communication mode |
| CN112803509A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-14 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Battery monomer management controller and battery management system |
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