CN207882790U - A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit - Google Patents
A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN207882790U CN207882790U CN201820329402.XU CN201820329402U CN207882790U CN 207882790 U CN207882790 U CN 207882790U CN 201820329402 U CN201820329402 U CN 201820329402U CN 207882790 U CN207882790 U CN 207882790U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuits, including without input capacitance main circuit, no input capacitance main circuit includes thermoelectric generator and Boost circuit；The equivalent circuit output end of thermoelectric generator is connect with Boost circuit input terminal；Boost circuit includes inductance L1；Inductance L1With switching tube S1With switching tube S2Connection；Switching tube S2With output filter capacitor C1With load RLConnection, in no input capacitance main circuit Boost input terminals connection input capacitance C2With the series arm of switching tube, and passes through digital control chip and control input capacitance C2Whether circuit is accessed.The utility model is by analyzing temperature difference piece equivalent model and Boost main circuit operation modes, acquisition inductance L1Electric current, according to inductance L1The current value and its slope calculating temperature difference piece short circuit current of Current rising phase, and the maximum power point condition i to thermo-electric generation short circuit current method MPPT is realized by increment type PI controllersTEG=ISC/ 2 no error following.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of thermo-electric generation, and in particular to a kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit.
Background technology
Thermo-electric generation be it is a kind of realizing the technology directly converted to electric energy of thermal energy using thermoelectric material, it with it is noiseless,
The advantages that without friction, unharmful substance discharges, reliability is high, without abrasion, conveniently moving, long service life.Early stage main application
In space flight and military field, with technological progress, it is gradually applied to field of traffic, industrial waste heat waste heat recovery and power field
Deng.Although thermoelectric generation film has significant progress, present efficiency is still relatively low, therefore, in order to make full use of the energy, introduces
Maximum power point tracking technology (MPPT：Maximum power point tracking), what realization exported thermoelectric generation film
Maximum power transfer.
Semiconductor temperature differential generating cardinal principle is Sai Beike (Seebeck) effect, during which along with Peltier (Peltier)
Effect, Thomson (Thomson) effect, Joule effect, fourier effect etc..Seebeck effect be otherwise known as the first thermoelectricity effect
It answers：Cause the pyroelectric phenomena of the voltage difference between two kinds of substances due to the temperature difference of two kinds of different electric conductors or semiconductor, this
A voltage is referred to as Sai Beike voltages, such as following formula：
Δ U=α (Th-To)
Wherein：α is the Seebeck coefficient of material；ThFor conductor or semiconductor hot-side temperature；TcFor conductor or semiconductor cold end
Temperature.
There are following deficiencies for existing thermo-electric generation MPPT methods：
1, perturbation observation method needs two amounts of collection voltages and electric current, and even if tracking maximum power point still can not stop
It shakes on ground；
2, the realization of conductance increment method also needs to measure two amounts of voltage and electric current, can not also stop when being operated in stable state
Ground shakes, and often there is static difference；
3, open circuit voltage method is common method in current each document, relies on the inherent characteristic of thermoelectric generation film, but be
It collects open-circuit voltage and generally requires multiple switch pipe and capacitance with average voltage, it is complicated, and in each sampling open circuit
In the period of voltage, need to disconnect TEG and main circuit so that the waste of energy that this period, TEG was sent out；
4, traditional short circuit current method only rests on theory stage, hardly uses in practice, and short-circuit power supply can be brought
Lot of unstable factor, and also need to disconnect the connection of TEG and main circuit.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking electricity
Road, to solve the problems, such as that existing thermoelectric generation film maximum power transfer efficiency is low.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
There is provided a kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit comprising without input capacitance main circuit；Without input capacitance
Main circuit includes thermoelectric generator and Boost circuit；The equivalent circuit of thermoelectric generator is stiff VocWith internal resistance Rin
Series connection；The equivalent circuit output end of thermoelectric generator is connect with Boost circuit input terminal；Boost circuit includes
Inductance L1；Inductance L1With switching tube S1With switching tube S2It is connected in parallel；Switching tube S2With output filter capacitor C1With load RLConnection；
Filter capacitor C1With load RLIt is connected in parallel.
Preferably, inductance L1Side is equipped with the digital control chip for acquiring inductive current.
Preferably, digital control chip model STM32F407VET6.
Preferably, further include having input capacitance main circuit；It includes no input capacitance main circuit to have input capacitance main circuit, with
And the input capacitance C being connect with no input capacitance main circuit Boost circuit input terminal2With switching tube S3Series arm.
Provided by the present invention for the short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit and its control method of thermoelectric generator, tool
There is following advantageous effect：
The present invention is by analyzing temperature difference piece equivalent model and Boost main circuit operation modes, acquisition inductance L1Electric current, according to
Inductance L1The current value and its slope calculating temperature difference piece short circuit current of Current rising phase, and pass through the realization pair of increment type PI controllers
The maximum power point condition i of thermo-electric generation short circuit current method MPPTTEG=ISC/ 2 no error following.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system block diagram of the short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit without input capacitance.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram without input capacitance main circuit of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram for having input capacitance main circuit of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram without input capacitance main circuit parameter of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit.
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram for having input capacitance main circuit parameter of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit
Fig. 6 is TEG and inductance L1 when the circuit structure switching tube S1 of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit is closed
Norton equivalent translation circuit figure.
Fig. 7 is short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit short circuit currents, TEG output currents calculate and filtering flow
Figure.
Fig. 8 is software control flow chart of the short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit without input capacitance main circuit.
Fig. 9 is TEG equivalent circuit diagrams.
Figure 10 is TEG V-I and P-I curve graphs.
Figure 11 is no input capacitance, the oscillogram of short circuit current and TEG output current virtual values.
Figure 12 is no input capacitance, equivalent TEG inductance L under different open circuit voltage conditions1Electric current, TEG output powers and
The simulation result oscillogram of bearing power.
Figure 13 is no input capacitance, inductance Ls of the equivalent TEG when open-circuit voltage is 20V1Electric current, TEG output powers and negative
Carry the simulation result details oscillogram of power.
Figure 14 is the circuit structure and control block diagram for having input capacitance.
Figure 15 is the flow chart for having the short circuit current of input capacitance to realize MPPT.
Figure 16 is to have input capacitance, the simulation result oscillogram of short circuit current and TEG output current virtual values.
Figure 17 is to have input capacitance, equivalent TEG inductance L under different open circuit voltage conditions1Electric current, TEG output powers and
The simulation result oscillogram of bearing power.
Figure 18 is no input capacitance, inductance Ls of the equivalent TEG when open-circuit voltage is 20V1Electric current, TEG output powers and negative
Carry the simulation result details oscillogram of power.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific implementation mode, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.
According to one embodiment of the application, including thermoelectric generator and Boost circuit, according to whether with input
Capacitance, which is divided into, has input capacitance and without two kinds of situations of input capacitance.
It is as follows without input capacitance：
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, circuit structure：The equivalent circuit of thermoelectric generator is stiff VocWith internal resistance RinString
Connection, the equivalent circuit output end of thermoelectric generator are connect with Boost circuit input terminal, and Boost circuit includes successively
Inductance L1, inductance L1With switching tube S1With switching tube S2Connection, switching tube S1With switching tube S2Connected with load；Load includes simultaneously
Join the capacitance C of setting1With load RL。
According to one embodiment of the application, with reference to figure 7, thermoelectric generator model is equivalent to stiff Voc series connection
One equivalent resistance Rin.Work as load impedance in conjunction with V-I and the P-I curve graph and maximum power-transfer theorem of TEG with reference to figure 10
When value is equal to TEG array internal resistances, load can obtain maximum power.
It applies it in the temperature difference electricity generation device of the present invention, by the switch duty for adjusting DC/DC converter switches pipes
Than, and then the output current I of thermoelectric generator is equal to ISC/2。
Current acquisition, with reference to figure 1, in inductance L1Outlet side be arranged a digital control chip, digital control chip model
For STM32F407VET6, for acquiring inductance L in continuous cycles1Current value.Thermoelectric generator (hereinafter referred to as TEG) model
For TEG1-199-1.4-0.5, continue internal resistance R when 150 DEG C of the temperature differenceinResistance value be 3.07 Ω.
With reference to figure 4, inductance L1Electric current ascent stage, 0-DT stages in corresponding diagram 4：
Switching tube S1It is closed conducting, thermoelectric generator is inductance L1Fill energy, inductance L1Electric current is gradually increasing, resistance R in TEGin
Pressure drop increases, output voltage VTEGReducing, the short circuit current of thermoelectric generator is,
Wherein, ISCFor the short circuit current of thermoelectric generator, L1For the inductance value of converter main inductance, RinFor thermoelectric generator
Equivalent internal resistance, iLFor inductance L1 electric currents, i 'LFor the first derivative of inductance L1 electric currents.
Inductance L1Electric current decline stage, DT-T stages in corresponding diagram 4：
Switching tube S1It disconnects, inductance L1It is connected with load, and is capacitance C1With load RLPower supply, inductance L1Electric current declines, TEG
Internal resistance RinPressure drop reduces, and TEG output voltages rise, inductance L1The change rate of electric current decline stage is,
Wherein, Vo is load both end voltage.
Circuit is done into Norton equivalent transformation, and to Fig. 6 when inductance L1 electric currents are in the 0-DT stages with reference to figure 4 and Fig. 6
Row write KCL equations：
According to inductance L1Change rate, the inductance L of electric current ascent stage1It is equivalent after the change rate of electric current decline stage and transformation
The KCL equations of circuit, are calculated the expression formula of short circuit current,
From the calculating of above formula short circuit current, it is desirable that short circuit current concrete numerical value, at least need two groups it is independent
iLWith i 'LShort circuit current I can be calculatedSC。
The calculating of short-circuit current value：
Due to the inductance L of digital control chip acquisition1Current value is that discrete point set can under higher sample frequency
To there is single order equation of the ecentre quotient approximate substitution inductance L1Current value.
In the inductance L of several acquisitions1In current data, inductance L is selected1Any two point of electric current ascent stage (might as well be remembered
For a points and b points), calculate separately its single order equation of the ecentre quotient i 'L(a), i 'L(b), in conjunction with the inductance L of a points and b points1Current value
iL(a), iL(b), bring into the expression formula of short circuit current, the occurrence of short circuit current be calculated：
To sum up, it to realize the resolving of short circuit current, at least need the inductance L for acquiring a complete cycle1Current value.
With reference to figure 8, the filtering of short circuit current：
The present invention is to be based on Boost as main circuit topology, with main switch S1And S2Open, turn off, electricity
Pressure, electric current are pulsed therewith, meanwhile, the sharp pulse that switching tube conducting, cut-off moment generate transmits along main circuit and is superimposed upon electric current
Noise is formed on waveform, noise identical as switching tube working frequency or odd multiple number of frequency occurs in circuit.On the one hand pass through
Main circuit line transmission is to sample circuit, and on the other hand, converter major loop gives off a large amount of electromagnetic waves to surrounding space, near
Signal amplification circuit by the interference of electromagnetic field.Additional noise can be usually introduced in the ADC transfer processes of digital control chip,
Including input correlated noise and quantizing noise, this partial noise can only call software filter to filter out by digital control chip.
When the present invention calculates short circuit current, the topology of no input capacitance directly acquires, and has the topology of input capacitance that can first will
Input capacitance disconnects, and current waveform at this time is similar to triangular wave, is analyzed according to the Fourier space of periodical triangular waveform, triangular wave
Be made of fundamental wave and odd harmonic, for switching frequency be 20KHz converter, if only consider triangular wave 7 subharmonic and with
Lower ingredient, then require the cutoff frequency of filter to be more than 140KHz, and the filter of too low cutoff frequency can filter out excessively effectively
Ingredient, it is too high, much noise signal can be remained.
Switching tube is opened, the current spike of shutdown moment is often bigger, and low-pass first order filter can not be filtered effectively
Except such spiking, therefore burr, kurtosis first are rejected to the data acquired back, the linear interpolation method polishing point is used in combination；
It then passes through plus the FIR low pass filter of Hamming window filters out high-frequency noise.According to described previously, taken in electric current ascent stage multigroup
Value calculates corresponding short circuit current, and the active ingredient of portion current waveforms can be filtered out in view of previously described low-pass filter, is made
Triangular wave wave crest, trough turning point at become round and smooth, if calculation of short-circuit current data point close to trough if can make meter
Obtained short circuit current is higher, otherwise data point can then make the short-circuit current value being calculated relatively low close to wave crest.Therefore most
Mean filter is added using median to multigroup short circuit current afterwards.
With reference to figure 1, the realization of thermoelectric generation film maximum power output：
Turn on the switch pipe S1, inductance L1For capacitance C1With load RLPower supply, according to all inductance L of several continuous cycles1's
Current value calculates its root mean square, obtains the virtual value i of temperature difference piece output currentTEG.Remember virtual value iTEGFor value of feedback, ISC/ 2 are
Desired value, and the margin of error that the difference of value of feedback and desired value is controlled as increment type PI.
Remember ISC/ 2 desired values target in order to control calculates inductance L1Root-mean-square value of the electric current within several periods, obtains the temperature difference
The output current I of electric organ, and according to the duty ratio of increment type PI control and regulation switching tubes S1, until the output of thermoelectric generator
Electric current I is equal to ISC/ 2, that is, realize the output of thermoelectric generation film maximum power.
Simulating, verifying：
It with reference to figure 2, is emulated at MATLAB simulink, passes through the equivalent TEG arrays of the source-series fixed value resistance of voltage, electricity
Potential source initial value is 10V, is risen sharply after 0.3s as 20V, and when 0.6s is reduced to 15V, and fixed value resistance is 5 Ω.It is converted using synchronous Boost
Device, inductance are 500 μ H, MOSFET conducting resistance 8m Ω, 220 μ f of output filter capacitor, are loaded as 50 Ω fixed value resistances, switch frequency
Rate 20KHz.Then obtained shown in each stage theory parameter value following table according to the above electrical parameter calculation.
With reference to figure 11- Figure 13, it is as shown in the table to obtain electrical parameter from its simulation result,
According to upper table data it is found that short circuit current estimation accuracy can be realized up to 99.84%, PI controllers to maximum work
The tracking of rate point.Since TEG output voltages, current fluctuation are larger so that real work point wave near maximum power point
It is dynamic.
The present invention only needs to utilize an electric current by by the output end and Boost circuit of thermoelectric generator (TEG)
Sensor (digital control chip) acquires the real time data of inductance L1 electric currents, and then calculates short circuit current, and passes through short-circuit electricity
Stream adjusts the output current of TEG, realizes the output of thermoelectric generation film maximum power.
According to one embodiment of the application, there is input capacitance main circuit as follows：
Its circuit structure is as shown in figure 3, flow is as shown in figure 15.And it is emulated at MATLAB simulink.Pass through voltage
The source-series equivalent TEG arrays of fixed value resistance, voltage source initial value are 10V, are risen sharply after 0.3s as 20V, and when 0.6s is reduced to 15V, fixed
Value resistance is 5 Ω.Using synchronous Boost, 100 μ f of input capacitance, inductance is 500 μ H, MOSFET conducting resistance 8m Ω,
220 μ f of output filter capacitor load as 50 Ω fixed value resistances, switching frequency 20KHz.
Emulation parameters waveform can must have input capacitance simulation result parameter with reference to figure 15-18, and from it, see the table below：
According to upper table data it is found that short circuit current estimation accuracy tends to 100%, PI controllers accurately to track
Maximum power point, and compared to the scheme of no input capacitance, this programme can effectively reduce TEG output voltages, current ripples, carry
High whole efficiency.
Although being described in detail to the specific implementation mode of invention in conjunction with attached drawing, should not be construed as to this patent
Protection domain restriction.In range described by claims, those skilled in the art are without creative work
The various modifications and deformation made still belong to the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit, it is characterised in that：Including no input capacitance main circuit；It is described without defeated
It includes thermoelectric generator and Boost circuit to enter capacitance main circuit；The equivalent circuit of the thermoelectric generator is stiff
VocWith internal resistance RinSeries connection；The equivalent circuit output end of the thermoelectric generator is connect with Boost circuit input terminal；Institute
It includes inductance L to state Boost circuit1；The inductance L1With switching tube S1With switching tube S2It is connected in parallel；The switching tube S2With
Output filter capacitor C1With load RLConnection；The filter capacitor C1With load RLIt is connected in parallel.
2. short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inductance L1Side
Equipped with the digital control chip for acquiring inductive current.
3. short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The digital control core
Piece model STM32F407VET6.
4. short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include having input electricity
Hold main circuit；It is described that have input capacitance main circuit include no input capacitance main circuit, and with no input capacitance main circuit Boost
The input capacitance C of booster circuit input terminal connection2With switching tube S3Series arm.
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| CN201820329402.XU CN207882790U (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit |
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| CN201820329402.XU CN207882790U (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108181967A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-19 | 西华大学 | A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit and its control method for thermoelectric generator |
| CN109521349A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-26 | 河北科技大学 | The measurement method and system of semiconductor electricity generation module peak power output |
| CN109617405A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of DC/DC converter modeling method based on harmonic wave state space |
| CN115826669A (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2023-03-21 | 天津大学 | Composite maximum power point tracking control method of photovoltaic power generation system |
-
2018
- 2018-03-09 CN CN201820329402.XU patent/CN207882790U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108181967A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-19 | 西华大学 | A kind of short circuit current MPPT maximum power point tracking circuit and its control method for thermoelectric generator |
| CN108181967B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2023-07-21 | 西华大学 | Short-circuit current maximum power point tracking circuit for thermoelectric generator and control method thereof |
| CN109521349A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-26 | 河北科技大学 | The measurement method and system of semiconductor electricity generation module peak power output |
| CN109617405A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of DC/DC converter modeling method based on harmonic wave state space |
| CN109617405B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-08-11 | 南京工程学院 | DC/DC converter modeling method based on harmonic state space |
| CN115826669A (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2023-03-21 | 天津大学 | Composite maximum power point tracking control method of photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN115826669B (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2024-04-12 | 天津大学 | Combined maximum power point tracking control method of photovoltaic power generation system |
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