CN207852835U - A battery cell and battery - Google Patents
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- CN207852835U CN207852835U CN201721867807.0U CN201721867807U CN207852835U CN 207852835 U CN207852835 U CN 207852835U CN 201721867807 U CN201721867807 U CN 201721867807U CN 207852835 U CN207852835 U CN 207852835U
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013391 LizN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006138 lithiation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910003870 O—Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电芯及电池。The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electric core and a battery.
背景技术Background technique
随着电子产品及电动汽车的发展，人们对大容量电池的需求越来越迫切。然而，现有技术锂电池不仅实际容量大小比理论值要小，而且在使用的过程中，电池的容量会进一步减小，这是因为锂电池在首次充放电的过程中，会在所述正极材料层和所述负极材料层形成SEI膜，而SEI膜的形成会消耗电池电极上的部分锂离子，进而使得首次充放电不可逆容量增加，即，降低了电极材料的充放电效率，而且锂电池在使用过程中，负极上SEI膜随电池的循环厚度不断增大，因为这会损失更多的锂离子，并提高电极的阻抗，使电池的内阻增大，导致了容量下降,可充放电次数减少，电池的循环寿命较短。With the development of electronic products and electric vehicles, people's demand for large-capacity batteries is becoming more and more urgent. However, not only the actual capacity of the lithium battery in the prior art is smaller than the theoretical value, but also the capacity of the battery will further decrease during use, because the lithium battery will charge and discharge for the first time in the positive electrode. The material layer and the negative electrode material layer form an SEI film, and the formation of the SEI film will consume part of the lithium ions on the battery electrode, thereby increasing the irreversible capacity of the first charge and discharge, that is, reducing the charge and discharge efficiency of the electrode material, and the lithium battery During use, the thickness of the SEI film on the negative electrode increases with the cycle of the battery, because it will lose more lithium ions, increase the impedance of the electrode, and increase the internal resistance of the battery, resulting in a decrease in capacity and can be charged and discharged. The number of times is reduced, and the cycle life of the battery is shorter.
实用新型内容Utility model content
有鉴于此，本实用新型的目的在于提供一种电芯及电池，用以解决锂电池中SEI膜形成造成的电池容量减少的问题。In view of this, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a battery cell and a battery to solve the problem of battery capacity reduction caused by SEI film formation in lithium batteries.
为达到上述目的，一方面，本实用新型采用以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种电芯，所述电芯包括电芯本体和锂源，所述电芯本体包括正极材料层和负极材料层，所述锂源包括锂极材料层，所述锂极材料层的厚度为5-50μm，所述电芯本体和所述锂源非接触设置。A kind of electric core, described electric core comprises electric core body and lithium source, and described electric core body comprises positive pole material layer and negative pole material layer, and described lithium source comprises lithium pole material layer, and the thickness of described lithium pole material layer is 5-50 μm, the cell body and the lithium source are arranged in a non-contact manner.
由于锂极材料层的厚度为5-50μm，具有较好的柔性，锂极材料层、正极材料层及负极材料层可以一起卷成卷状电芯，当然，也可以直接采用板状电芯，其中，卷状电芯可以根据理论容量，适当增减卷绕圈数，满足实际使用要求。优选地，所述锂极材料层包括金属锂箔或者富锂合金箔。Since the thickness of the lithium electrode material layer is 5-50 μm, it has good flexibility. The lithium electrode material layer, positive electrode material layer and negative electrode material layer can be rolled together into a roll-shaped battery cell. Of course, a plate-shaped battery cell can also be used directly. Among them, the roll-shaped battery can appropriately increase or decrease the number of winding turns according to the theoretical capacity to meet the actual use requirements. Preferably, the lithium electrode material layer includes metal lithium foil or lithium-rich alloy foil.
金属锂箔或者富锂合金箔无需设置在多孔结构的导电集流体上，不仅不会影响导电性，而且锂金属不会因长期浸泡在电解液中而从导电集流体上脱落发生短路甚至爆炸，安全性高。Metal lithium foil or lithium-rich alloy foil does not need to be placed on the conductive current collector with a porous structure, not only will it not affect the conductivity, but also the lithium metal will not fall off from the conductive current collector due to long-term immersion in the electrolyte, resulting in short circuit or even explosion. High security.
优选地，所述富锂合金箔包括Li13In3、LiZn、Li3Bi、Li3As中的一种。Preferably, the lithium-rich alloy foil includes one of Li 13 In 3 , LiZn, Li 3 Bi, and Li 3 As.
所述Li13In3、LiZn、Li3Bi、Li3As增加了所述富锂合金箔的可选择性。The Li 13 In 3 , LiZn, Li 3 Bi, Li 3 As increase the selectivity of the lithium-rich alloy foil.
优选地，所述电芯还包括多个隔膜，所述正极材料层与所述负极材料层之间以及所述电芯本体与所述锂源之间均设置有所述隔膜，所述电芯本体上背离所述锂源的表面和/或所述锂源上背离所述电芯本体的表面设置有所述隔膜。Preferably, the cell further includes a plurality of separators, the separators are arranged between the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer and between the cell body and the lithium source, and the cell The diaphragm is provided on the surface of the body away from the lithium source and/or on the surface of the lithium source away from the cell body.
由于锂极材料层的厚度为5-50μm，具有较好的柔性，采用隔膜隔离锂极材料层、正极材料层及负极材料层，不仅极大的增强了安全性，而且减少了电池自身的重量，实用性得到了提高。优选地，所述正极材料层包括正极材料本体及附着在所述正极材料本体表面的石墨烯片或碳材料层。Since the thickness of the lithium electrode material layer is 5-50 μm, it has good flexibility, and the separator is used to isolate the lithium electrode material layer, the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, which not only greatly enhances the safety, but also reduces the weight of the battery itself , practicality has been improved. Preferably, the positive electrode material layer includes a positive electrode material body and a graphene sheet or carbon material layer attached to the surface of the positive electrode material body.
所述石墨烯片或碳材料层能够增加所述正极材料层的导电性。优选地，所述正极材料层附加活性基团，所述活性基团包括苯环的边缘或苯环表面的官能团或石墨烯表面氧化的碳氧双键；The graphene sheet or carbon material layer can increase the conductivity of the positive electrode material layer. Preferably, the active group is added to the positive electrode material layer, and the active group includes the edge of the benzene ring or the functional group on the surface of the benzene ring or the carbon-oxygen double bond oxidized on the surface of graphene;
优选地，所述苯环表面的官能团包括﹥C＝O或-COOH；Preferably, the functional groups on the surface of the benzene ring include >C=O or -COOH;
优选地，所述正极材料本体包括磷酸铁锂或三元材料。Preferably, the positive electrode material body includes lithium iron phosphate or a ternary material.
碳表面氧化后，连接到苯环的边缘或苯环表面的官能团(﹥C＝O或-COOH)或小的石墨烯片表面氧化的碳氧双键(＝C＝O)可以容易地与Li离子反应，生成-C＝O-Li或-COOLi，附加活性基团的正极材料，增加了额外锂离子嵌入，能够有效提升锂电池的能量密度和电池容量。After carbon surface oxidation, the functional groups (﹥C=O or -COOH) attached to the edge of the benzene ring or the surface of the benzene ring or the oxidized carbon-oxygen double bonds (=C=O) on the surface of small graphene sheets can easily interact with Li The ion reaction generates -C=O-Li or -COOLi, and the positive electrode material with additional active groups adds additional lithium ion intercalation, which can effectively improve the energy density and battery capacity of lithium batteries.
为达到上述目的，另一方面，本实用新型还采用以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, on the other hand, the utility model also adopts the following technical solutions:
一种电池，包括外壳和上述电芯，所述电芯位于所述外壳的内腔中。A battery includes a casing and the above electric core, the electric core is located in the inner cavity of the casing.
所述电芯位于所述外壳的内腔中，所述外壳优选为铝壳，所述铝壳不易变形和刺破，满足抗外力强度要求，锂金属与空气接触或者锂金属与电极发生短路的发生率降低，有效避免了燃烧、爆炸等危险。The battery cell is located in the inner cavity of the shell, and the shell is preferably an aluminum shell, which is not easily deformed and punctured, and meets the requirements for strength against external force, and the lithium metal is in contact with air or short-circuited between the lithium metal and the electrode. The occurrence rate is reduced, and dangers such as burning and explosion are effectively avoided.
优选地，所述电池还包括正极耳、负极耳及锂极耳，所述正极材料层的一边与所述正极耳相连，所述负极材料层的一边与所述负极耳相连，所述锂极材料层的一边与所述锂极耳相连。Preferably, the battery further includes a positive tab, a negative tab and a lithium tab, one side of the positive electrode material layer is connected to the positive tab, one side of the negative electrode material layer is connected to the negative tab, and the lithium pole One side of the material layer is connected to the lithium tab.
所述正极耳、负极耳及锂极耳能够提高所述电池的使用安全性。The positive tab, the negative tab and the lithium tab can improve the use safety of the battery.
优选地，所述电池还包括绝缘材质的保护罩，所述保护罩包覆所述锂极耳。Preferably, the battery further includes a protective cover made of an insulating material, and the protective cover covers the lithium tab.
所述电池无需将所述锂极材料层与所述正极材料层或者负极材料层电连接时，需要将所述锂极耳与空气绝缘，以提高安全性能。When the battery does not need to electrically connect the lithium electrode material layer with the positive electrode material layer or the negative electrode material layer, it is necessary to insulate the lithium tab from the air to improve safety performance.
本实用新型中的电芯及电池，利用厚度为5-50μm的锂极材料层为正极材料层或者负极材料层富锂化，即，将锂极材料层分别与正极材料层、负极材料层电连接，使得所述正极材料层和所述负极材料层上形成的SEI膜消耗的锂为所述锂极材料层上的锂，所述电池的电极的锂消耗量减少，进而使得首次充电中的不可逆容量减少，所述电池的容量得到提升。The electric cell and the battery in the utility model use the lithium electrode material layer with a thickness of 5-50 μm as the positive electrode material layer or the negative electrode material layer to be lithium-enriched, that is, the lithium electrode material layer is respectively connected with the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer. connected, so that the lithium consumed by the SEI film formed on the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer is the lithium on the lithium electrode material layer, and the lithium consumption of the electrode of the battery is reduced, so that the first charging The irreversible capacity is reduced, and the capacity of the battery is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过以下参照附图对本实用新型实施例的描述，本实用新型的上述以及其它目的、特征和优点将更为清楚。Through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clear.
图1是本实用新型具体实施方式中电芯的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric core in the specific embodiment of the utility model;
图2是本实用新型具体实施方式中电池的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本实用新型具体实施方式中富锂化操作示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of lithium enrichment operation in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
1、正极材料层；1. Cathode material layer;
2、负极材料层；2. Anode material layer;
3、锂极材料层；3. Lithium electrode material layer;
4、隔膜；4. Diaphragm;
5、正极耳；5. Positive ear;
6、负极耳；6. Negative pole ear;
7、锂极耳；7. Lithium pole ear;
8、外壳。8. Shell.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下基于实施例对本实用新型进行描述，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，在此提供的附图都是为了说明的目的，并且附图不一定是按比例绘制的。The utility model is described below based on the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings provided here are for the purpose of illustration, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
除非上下文明确要求，否则整个说明书和权利要求书中的“包括”、“包含”等类似词语应当解释为包含的含义而不是排他或穷举的含义；也就是说，是“包括但不限于”的含义。Unless the context clearly requires, throughout the specification and claims, "comprises", "comprises" and similar words should be interpreted in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive meaning; that is, "including but not limited to" meaning.
参照图1-图3所示，本实用新型中的电芯包括电芯本体和锂源，如图1所示，所述电芯本体包括正极材料层1和负极材料层2，所述锂源包括锂极材料层3，所述锂极材料层3的厚度为5-50μm，厚度为5-50μm的锂极材料层3质量较轻，实用性好。所述电芯本体和所述锂源非接触设置，所述锂源可以设置在所述电芯本体的正极一侧，也可以设置所述电芯本体的负极一侧，优选地，所述锂极材料层3和所述电芯本体相对设置，即，所述锂极材料层3和所述电芯本体之间的相对面积为所述锂极材料层3的面积。Referring to Fig. 1-shown in Fig. 3, the electric core in the utility model comprises electric core body and lithium source, as shown in Fig. 1, described electric core body comprises positive electrode material layer 1 and negative electrode material layer 2, and described lithium source Including the lithium pole material layer 3, the thickness of the lithium pole material layer 3 is 5-50 μm, and the lithium pole material layer 3 with a thickness of 5-50 μm is light in weight and good in practicability. The cell body and the lithium source are provided in non-contact. The lithium source can be disposed on the positive electrode side of the cell body, or on the negative electrode side of the cell body. Preferably, the lithium The electrode material layer 3 is opposite to the cell body, that is, the relative area between the lithium electrode material layer 3 and the cell body is the area of the lithium electrode material layer 3 .
本实用新型中的电芯中，由于锂极材料层3的厚度为5-50μm，具有较好的柔性，锂极材料层3、正极材料层1及负极材料层2可以一起卷成卷状电芯，当然，也可以直接采用板状电芯，其中，卷状电芯可以根据理论容量，适当增减卷绕圈数，满足实际使用要求。In the battery cell in the utility model, since the thickness of the lithium electrode material layer 3 is 5-50 μm, it has better flexibility, and the lithium electrode material layer 3, the positive electrode material layer 1 and the negative electrode material layer 2 can be rolled together into a rolled battery. The core, of course, can also be directly used as a plate-shaped battery core. Among them, the roll-shaped battery core can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the theoretical capacity to meet the actual use requirements.
所述锂极材料层3包括金属锂箔或者富锂合金箔，优选地，所述富锂合金箔包括Li13In3、LiZn、Li3Bi、Li3As中的一种，金属锂箔或者富锂合金箔无需设置在多孔结构的导电集流体上，不仅不会影响导电性，而且锂金属不会因长期浸泡在电解液中而从导电集流体上脱落发生短路甚至爆炸，安全性高。The lithium electrode material layer 3 includes metal lithium foil or lithium-rich alloy foil, preferably, the lithium-rich alloy foil includes one of Li 13 In 3 , LiZn, Li 3 Bi, Li 3 As, metal lithium foil or The lithium-rich alloy foil does not need to be placed on the conductive current collector with a porous structure, not only will it not affect the conductivity, but also the lithium metal will not fall off from the conductive current collector due to long-term immersion in the electrolyte, resulting in short circuit or even explosion, with high safety.
所述电芯还包括多个隔膜4，所述正极材料层1与所述负极材料层2之间以及所述电芯本体与所述锂源之间均设置有所述隔膜4，所述电芯本体上背离所述锂源的表面和/或所述锂源上背离所述电芯本体的表面设置有所述隔膜4。由于锂极材料层3的厚度为5-50μm，具有较好的柔性，采用隔膜4隔离锂极材料层3、正极材料层1及负极材料层2，不仅极大的增强了安全性，而且减少了电池自身的重量，实用性得到了提高。The cell also includes a plurality of separators 4, and the separators 4 are arranged between the positive electrode material layer 1 and the negative electrode material layer 2 and between the cell body and the lithium source. The diaphragm 4 is provided on the surface of the core body away from the lithium source and/or on the surface of the lithium source away from the cell body. Since the thickness of the lithium electrode material layer 3 is 5-50 μm and has good flexibility, the use of the separator 4 to isolate the lithium electrode material layer 3, the positive electrode material layer 1 and the negative electrode material layer 2 not only greatly enhances the safety, but also reduces the The weight of the battery itself is reduced, and the practicality is improved.
所述正极材料层1包括正极材料本体及附着在所述正极材料本体表面的石墨烯片或碳材料层。所述正极材料层附加活性基团，所述活性基团包括苯环的边缘或苯环表面的官能团或石墨烯表面氧化的碳氧双键(＝C＝O)，所述苯环表面的官能团例如可以是﹥C＝O或-COOH，优选地，所述正极材料本体包括磷酸铁锂、三元材料等，如此，碳表面氧化后，连接到苯环的边缘或苯环表面的官能团(﹥C＝O或-COOH)或小的石墨烯片表面氧化的碳氧双键(＝C＝O)可以容易地与Li离子反应，生成-C＝O-Li或-COOLi，附加活性基团的正极材料，增加了额外锂离子嵌入，能够有效提升锂电池的能量密度和电池容量。The positive electrode material layer 1 includes a positive electrode material body and a graphene sheet or carbon material layer attached to the surface of the positive electrode material body. The active group is added to the positive electrode material layer, and the active group includes the edge of the benzene ring or the functional group on the surface of the benzene ring or the oxidized carbon-oxygen double bond (=C=O) on the surface of graphene, and the functional group on the surface of the benzene ring For example, it can be ﹥C=O or -COOH. Preferably, the positive electrode material body includes lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials, etc., so that after the carbon surface is oxidized, the functional group (﹥ C=O or -COOH) or carbon-oxygen double bonds (=C=O) oxidized on the surface of small graphene sheets can easily react with Li ions to generate -C=O-Li or -COOLi, the addition of active groups The positive electrode material adds additional lithium ion intercalation, which can effectively improve the energy density and battery capacity of lithium batteries.
本实用新型中的电池，如图2所示，包括上述所述的电芯，所述电芯位于所述外壳8的内腔中，所述外壳8为铝壳，所述铝壳不易变形和刺破，满足抗外力强度要求，锂金属与空气接触或者锂金属与电极发生短路的发生率降低，有效避免了燃烧、爆炸等危险。The battery in the utility model, as shown in Figure 2, includes the above-mentioned electric core, the electric core is located in the inner cavity of the outer shell 8, the outer shell 8 is an aluminum shell, and the aluminum shell is not easily deformed and Puncture, meet the requirements of external force strength, reduce the incidence of lithium metal in contact with air or short circuit between lithium metal and electrodes, and effectively avoid dangers such as combustion and explosion.
所述电池还包括正极耳5、负极耳6及锂极耳7，所述正极材料层1的一边与所述正极耳5相连，所述负极材料层2的一边与所述负极耳6相连，所述锂极材料层3的一边与所述锂极耳7相连。所述铝壳和所述锂极耳7非接触焊接，起到了很好的焊接密封性，有效隔绝了锂极材料层3与空气接触，安全性得到了提高。所述正极耳5、所述负极耳6及所述锂极耳7可以分布在所述电池的一端，也可以分布在所述电芯的两端。当所述正极耳5、所述负极耳6及所述锂极耳7分布在所述电池的一端时，所述锂极耳7优选位于所述正极耳5和所述负极耳6之间。The battery also includes a positive tab 5, a negative tab 6 and a lithium tab 7, one side of the positive material layer 1 is connected to the positive tab 5, and one side of the negative material layer 2 is connected to the negative tab 6, One side of the lithium pole material layer 3 is connected to the lithium tab 7 . The aluminum shell and the lithium tab 7 are non-contact welded, which has a good welding sealing performance, effectively isolates the lithium electrode material layer 3 from contact with the air, and improves safety. The positive tab 5 , the negative tab 6 and the lithium tab 7 may be distributed at one end of the battery, or at both ends of the cell. When the positive tab 5 , the negative tab 6 and the lithium tab 7 are distributed at one end of the battery, the lithium tab 7 is preferably located between the positive tab 5 and the negative tab 6 .
当电池无需将所述锂极材料层3与所述正极材料层1或者负极材料层2电连接时，需要将所述锂极耳7与空气绝缘，以提高安全性能。故此，所述电池还包括保护罩，所述保护罩包覆所述锂极耳7，所述保护罩为绝缘材质，此时，所述电池只有正极耳5和负极耳6露于外部，和传统的电池使用方法一样，当需要将所述锂极材料层3与所述正极材料层1或者负极材料层2电连接时，将所述保护罩摘除即可。When the battery does not need to electrically connect the lithium electrode material layer 3 with the positive electrode material layer 1 or the negative electrode material layer 2, the lithium tab 7 needs to be insulated from the air to improve safety performance. Therefore, the battery further includes a protective cover, the protective cover covers the lithium tab 7, and the protective cover is made of an insulating material. At this time, only the positive tab 5 and the negative tab 6 of the battery are exposed to the outside, and The same as the traditional battery usage method, when it is necessary to electrically connect the lithium electrode material layer 3 with the positive electrode material layer 1 or the negative electrode material layer 2, the protective cover can be removed.
本实用新型中的电池使用方法，用于含有锂极材料层3的电池，所述电池使用方法包括：The battery usage method in the utility model is used for a battery containing the lithium electrode material layer 3, and the battery usage method includes:
富锂化步骤：通过锂化外部电路将所述正极材料层或者负极材料层与所述锂极材料层电连接；Lithium-enriching step: electrically connecting the positive electrode material layer or the negative electrode material layer to the lithium electrode material layer through a lithiated external circuit;
充电步骤：通过充电外部电路将所述正极材料层与负极材料层电连接，以对所述电池进行充电；Charging step: electrically connecting the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer through a charging external circuit, so as to charge the battery;
放电步骤：通过放电外部电路将所述正极材料层与负极材料层电连接，以利用所述电池对放电外部电路中的用电设备供电。Discharging step: electrically connecting the anode material layer and the anode material layer through the discharge external circuit, so as to use the battery to supply power to electrical equipment in the discharge external circuit.
所述富锂化步骤可以发生在所述电池首次充电之前或者所述电池正常使用之后，所述富锂化发生在所述电池的首次充电之前，可以减少或消除SEI膜形成所消耗的正极锂离子，所述富锂化发生在所述电池正常使用之后，可以随时补偿正极材料层1和所述负极材料层2的锂离子，减缓所述电池的容量衰减。The lithium enrichment step can occur before the battery is charged for the first time or after the battery is used normally, and the lithium enrichment occurs before the battery is charged for the first time, which can reduce or eliminate the positive electrode lithium consumed by the formation of the SEI film ions, the lithium-enrichment occurs after the battery is used normally, and can compensate the lithium ions in the positive electrode material layer 1 and the negative electrode material layer 2 at any time, slowing down the capacity fading of the battery.
如图3所示，正极富锂化：正极富锂化形成SEI膜或为表面官能团提供额外锂离子，将正极耳5和锂极耳7进行放电，放电电压2.5-0V,放电时间0-30分钟，此时，正极耳5作为放电正极，锂极耳7作为放电负极；负极富锂化：负极富锂化形成SEI膜，将负极耳6和锂极耳7进行放电，放电例如可以采用蓝电电池测试系统或增加负载进行放电，放电电压1.5-0V，放电时间0-30分钟，此时，负极耳6作为放电正极，锂极耳7作为放电负极。值得说明的是，正极富锂化和负极富锂化是利用额外的锂源，减少或者消除对正极和负极上的锂的消耗，由于电极材料的不同，使用条件可能不同，正极富锂化和负极富锂化中，上述放电时间和放电电压会有不同。As shown in Figure 3, the positive electrode is lithium-enriched: the positive electrode is lithium-enriched to form an SEI film or provide additional lithium ions for the surface functional groups, and the positive electrode ear 5 and the lithium electrode ear 7 are discharged, the discharge voltage is 2.5-0V, and the discharge time is 0 -30 minutes, at this time, the positive electrode ear 5 is used as the positive electrode of the discharge, and the lithium electrode ear 7 is used as the negative electrode of the discharge; the negative electrode is enriched with lithium: the negative electrode is enriched with lithium to form an SEI film, and the negative electrode ear 6 and the lithium electrode ear 7 are discharged. For example, you can use the blue battery test system or increase the load to discharge, the discharge voltage is 1.5-0V, and the discharge time is 0-30 minutes. At this time, the negative electrode ear 6 is used as the positive discharge electrode, and the lithium electrode ear 7 is used as the discharge negative electrode. It is worth noting that the lithiation of the positive electrode and the lithiation of the negative electrode use an additional lithium source to reduce or eliminate the consumption of lithium on the positive and negative electrodes. Due to the different electrode materials, the use conditions may be different. In lithiation and negative electrode lithiation, the above-mentioned discharge time and discharge voltage will be different.
富锂化完成后，将所述保护罩罩在所述锂极耳7上，暂时不使用，此时，所述电池可按照常规电池使用，进行充电和放电。在所述电池后续使用中，可以随时手动对所述正极材料层1和所述负极材料层2进行补偿，减缓电池容量衰减，增加锂电池使用寿命。After the lithium enrichment is completed, put the protective cover on the lithium tab 7 and temporarily not use it. At this time, the battery can be used as a conventional battery for charging and discharging. During the subsequent use of the battery, the positive electrode material layer 1 and the negative electrode material layer 2 can be manually compensated at any time, so as to slow down the capacity decay of the battery and increase the service life of the lithium battery.
本领域的技术人员容易理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各优选方案可以自由地组合、叠加。Those skilled in the art can easily understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.
以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施例，并不用于限制本实用新型，对于本领域技术人员而言，本实用新型可以有各种改动和变化。凡在本实用新型的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
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