CN207832746U - Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors - Google Patents
Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors Download PDFInfo
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- CN207832746U CN207832746U CN201720253969.9U CN201720253969U CN207832746U CN 207832746 U CN207832746 U CN 207832746U CN 201720253969 U CN201720253969 U CN 201720253969U CN 207832746 U CN207832746 U CN 207832746U
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Abstract
The utility model is provided based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors.The utility model is equipped on running train bottom using ultrasonic wave transmitting with receiving transducer array detection wheel, during train operation real-time detection rail defects and failures；Velometer real-time tracking train running speed, by controlling ultrasound pulse transmission frequency apart from adaptive pulse detection algorithm, the collected fixed range cross sectional information correlation along railway operation direction is strong, is convenient for 3D joining image-formings；Processing system analyzes ultrasonic echo, combining global positioning device and imaging location algorithm, can realize and be accurately positioned to hurt position, visualization is high.When specific implementation, ultrasound need to be installed at wheel position and visit wheel and velometer, ON TRAINS mounting and positioning device and processing system, and stabilized communication between holding.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to steel rail flaw detection technology fields, and in particular to based on super apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualizations
Sound wave steel rail flaw detection device.
Background technology
As China railways are to high speed, overload direction development, the operational safety of train increasingly attracts people's attention.
Among these, rail is the basis of rail vehicle operation again, and the quality of rail state is directly related to the safety of railway transportation, more closes
It is the security of the lives and property to the people.
There is complicated active forces, wheel to have vertical force, transverse horizontal force to the active force of rail and indulge between wheel track
To horizontal force, rail is made to generate various stress, these stress can cause rail to generate compression, elongation, bending, torsion etc.
, then there is surface or internal crack in damage.Therefore, it is necessary to do an inspection to the health degree of rail.Currently, state
Inside and outside general mainstream detection technique is mainly ultrasound examination and EDDY CURRENT, and in addition there are ray detection, Magnetic testings etc.
Technology.Using method be mainly cart type detection with Full-automatic rail car test survey be combined by the way of.
However, current artificial cart type detection method and large-scale railcar detection mode, there is also some to be difficult to solve
The problem of.Trolley needs artificial manual operations, inefficiency；Large-scale rail-defect detector car investment is big, needs additional arrangement personnel
Start, dispatch.When detecting, current testing result is generally shown in a manner of ultrasonic echo waveform, or conversion is people
The audible frequency of sound wave of ear.Detection workman needs to stare at the ultrasonic echo waveform on screen in real time or monitors sound, visually
Change degree is low, heavy workload and it is complicated.On the other hand, when train starts, due to the knot of horizontal force and longitudinal force
Fruit, train wheel can horizontally slip between two rail, and train speed can also change all the time, therefore the echo received
Waveform can also generate more large deviation because of the unstable and wheel skid of train speed, further increase the artificial prison of inspector
Survey difficulty.The real-time monitoring of high intensity, the uncertainty of waveform so that the error of testing result greatly increases.Therefore, at present
Ultrasonic rail carrying out flaw detection technology, it is not intuitive that there is testing results, and waveform is uncertain by force, deviation is big, visualization
Low, the profession observed waveform or monitored requires the problems such as high.These problems so that the testing result of rail failure, not only people
Power is of high cost and error is larger.
Therefore, the utility model, which provides, a kind of be loaded on operation train, split to the damage of rail during starting
Seam carries out the steel rail flaw detection device of detection joining image-forming.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, provide based on apart from adaptive 3D
Splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detector.
Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors comprising ultrasonic wave emits and receives
Linear transducer array detects wheel, velometer, global pick device；Ultrasonic wave emits is mounted directly on fortune with receiving transducer array detection wheel
Ranks car bottom, during train operation real-time detection rail defects and failures；Utilize velometer and global pick device real-time tracking
Train running speed emits ultrasound by ultrasonic wave emission array, then by receiving transducer array received ultrasonic echo, processing system
Analysis ultrasonic echo obtain rail testing result, combining global positioning device and existing imaging location algorithm, to testing result into
Row 3D splicings, can be accurately positioned hurt, and promote the visualization of testing result；The processing system emits ultrasonic wave
It is handled with the data of receiving transducer array, velometer, global pick device three, and controls the hair of ultrasonic wave transmitting probe
Penetrate pulse frequency.
Further, ultrasonic wave transmitting is rolled with receiving array detection wheel on rail, and ultrasonic wave emits and connects
Receive inside array detection wheel includes ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer array and ultrasonic coupling agent；Ultrasonic wave emits and receiving transducer
Array has multiple ultrasonic probes, is electro-acoustic transducer；When train starts, ultrasonic wave transmitting is with receiving array detection wheel in steel
It is rolled on rail, but internal ultrasonic wave transmitting is then remained unchanged with receiving array direction.
Further, the velometer is located at steel wheel of train, is divided into ray emitter and receiver；In train operation
When, for the signal of the real-time transmitter-receiver of velometer to processing system, processing system records the time point of each receiver, passes through
Ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer array, its exomonental frequency of real-time control, to protect are fed back to after adaptive algorithm
Ultrasonic wave receiving transducer receives the rail cross section signal of equidistant intervals when card train speed variation.
Further, it is equipped on train in the global pick device, is installed on ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer
Surface；With setting time interval record position information and temporal information (Si, Ti), and send back to processing system.
Further, the processor of existing included memory module may be used in the processing system, can storage detection
All data of process.
The global pick device is installed on ultrasonic wave transmitting and receives for the global positioning system carried on train
Right over linear transducer array.Train operation on the way, at regular intervals, give one-time positioning automatically and record the time, position can
To be labeled as Si, time Ti, same to be sent into processing system progress data processing.This positioning system may be GPS or the Big Dipper
The similar global positioning systems such as navigation.
Compared with existing rail detection means, the beneficial effects of the utility model have：
1, compared to traditional measuring technique, the utility model visualization is high, and testing result is intuitive, reduces worker
Operating cost.
2, designed structure makes the cross section of acquisition be uniformly distributed along rail, reduces because train speed fluctuation causes
Testing result it is unstable so that the correlation of adjacent data is reinforced, convenient for improving the picture quality of 3D joining image-formings.
3, it realizes that difficulty is smaller, needs that ultrasonic probe wheel and speed measuring device are installed at wheel position, installation is complete ON TRAINS
Stabilized communication between ball positioning device and processing system comprising memory module and holding.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the ultrasonic wave emits and receiving transducer array detection wheel schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the velometer stereoscopic schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of system described in the present embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The implementation of the utility model is described further below in conjunction with attached drawing and example to be bright, but the reality that this practicability is small
It applies and protects and is without being limited thereto.It is noted that the key of the utility model is the side constituted to hardware and structure design proposes
Case is all that those skilled in the art can be according to existing signal processing system or skill if being related to software or algorithm examples below
Art handle or be adjusted according to actual conditions and optimized.
Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors comprising ultrasonic wave emits and receives
Linear transducer array detection wheel, velometer, global pick device, processing system (existing various processors, such as DSP can be used),
Apart from adaptive pulse detection algorithm and imaging location algorithm.
The ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer array detection wheel 1, inside includes ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer battle array
Row 3 and ultrasonic coupling agent 2；Ultrasonic probe has several, is immersed in couplant, with different angle towards rail, for electricity-
Sonic transducer；Detection wheel is made of wear-resisting acoustic window material, and should be installed on train two bottom sides, to ensure train in operational process
In, detection wheel rotates on rail；Ultrasonic wave transmitting then keeps certain angle constant with receiving transducer array, is not rotated with detection
It moves and changes direction.Transmitting probe emits ultrasonic wave to steel wheel at a time interval, and ultrasonic wave passes through detection by couplant
Wheel is conducted into rail, and passes the receiving transducer in detection wheel back after rail internal reflection.Receiving transducer is converted by sound wave
After electric signal, incoming processing system is handled.By taking 3 linear transducer arrays as an example.Such as Fig. 1, ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer
In detection wheel, at an angle towards rail, probe has several, is dipped in ultrasonic coupling agent, and ensures direction of popping one's head in
It is fixed, not with detection wheel rotation.Probe needs a Wireline for being communicated with processing system, and a supply line uses
In power supply.Ultrasonic wave transmitting probe emits ultrasonic pulsative signal according to the instruction that processing system is sent out with certain frequency, connects simultaneously
It receives ultrasound echo signal and feeds back to processing system.
The velometer is installed in wheel and underbody somewhere, it is therefore an objective to accomplish accurately to test the speed to adjust ultrasonic wave
The transmission time interval of transmitting probe, ensure time interval apart from adaptivity.Velometer by divergent-ray transmitter battle array
Row 4 are formed with receiver 5, and transmitter has several, is installed on certain Radius circumference centered on axletree, and on it
It is uniformly distributed, uninterrupted divergent-ray, number can adjust, and correspond to different measurement accuracy；Receiver 5 is loaded on underbody,
Certain axial distance is kept with the circumferential plane where transmitter, it is opposite with a wherein transmitter 4, it can receive and come from
The signal of transmitter.When vehicle wheel rotation, it should ensure that receiver can be sequentially received the signal of all transmitters.It is run in device
Period will be fed into processing system and handled when receiver receives signal, and record the time received every time.Emitted with 6
For device, as shown in Figure 2.
Such as Fig. 2, velometer should be installed in a train wheel, and it includes ray emitters and receiver.Ray emitter
There are 6, is respectively distributed in using axle as on the concentric circles in the center of circle.Receiving transducer is located at another place of underbody, and position should be parallel to and penetrate
Line transmitter, when ensureing vehicle wheel rotation can discontinuous reception to ray.Ray emitter only needs a supply line, and receiver
In addition to needing supply line to also need to a wire communication line for being communicated with processing system.In vehicle wheel rotation, Mei Geyi
Section time, receiver can receive a signal, and the time interval for receiving signal is closely related with speed.Receive signal
Afterwards, receiver is sent immediately to processing system.
With as just a kind of example of the utility model.
It is only used as a kind of example, ensures, when train speed changes, to be adopted using apart from adaptive pulse detection algorithm
The rail cross sectional information collected along rail to be mutually equidistantly uniformly distributed, specifically：In train travelling process, in global location
The position of system and time (Si, Ti) in section, the time that velometer n-th receives signal is denoted as tin, between every 2 transmitters
It is denoted as L every the definite value distance that wheels travel is crossed, the equidistant intervals of required ultrasonic listening are denoted as s0, then, and ultrasonic wave hair
The real-time pulse frequency for penetrating probe should be
Wherein ti(n-1)It it is (n-1)th time for receiving signal of velometer for the last time.
It is only used as a kind of example, provides being accurately positioned for hurt using imaging location algorithm, specifically：It is filled in global location
It sets under the record data with velometer, it is found that damage is located at SiWith Si+1The t of positionijWith ti(j+1)In time interval, then it is positioned as S
=SiThe places+Lj and S=SiBetween+L (j+1)；If it was found that rail failure needs back to look into, the time that rail failure occurs is located at GPS
Ith positioning time Ti, position SiLater, and in TiJ-th of detector time interval t laterijIt is interior, then can provide compared with
It is S=S for accurate damage positioni+ Lj prolongs within the latter L.
As a kind of example, comprised the steps of using the implementation process of the device of the utility model：
Step 1：The good each equipment of installation and debugging is simultaneously powered, and brings into operation after waiting for train starting；
Step 2：GPS positioning starts to work and records first (S0, T0), while processing system sends starting and writes from memory immediately
Ultrasonic pulse frequency is recognized to ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer array, and ultrasonic probe starts with the default frequency work that starts to walk；Processing
System records time t simultaneously00；
Step 3：Until velometer monitors next reception signal, time t is recorded01；
Step 4：Processing system calculates f=v/s0=L/s0(t1-t0), and it is exomonental to be sent to ultrasonic probe change
Frequency；
Step 5：Step 3~4 are repeated, until next GPS positioning signal (S1, T1)；
After reorientation, step 3~5 are repeated, the time is accordingly from t10Start, reorientation next time and so on；
Step 6：The real-time process that train is started, using this echo data, processing system can real-time 3D joining image-formings；
Step 7：After train one stroke, the memory module of processing system should record all 3D joining image-formings
As a result；Return look into the hurt of discovery when, to be accurately positioned to it, hurt can be checked and be located at the sections GPS (Si, Ti) and (Si+1,
Ti+1) tij~ti(j+1)Between time；According to time interval, determine that the approximate spatial locations of hurt are S=Si+ Lj and S=
SiBetween+L (j+1)；The case where positioned at two sections GPS, then processing method was identical；After determining approximate location, to carry out again
More careful hand inspection.
In examples detailed above, ensure when train speed changes apart from adaptive pulse detection algorithm, the collected rail of institute
Cross sectional information is along rail to be mutually equidistantly uniformly distributed.Algorithm is specifically described as：Due to need to the crack damage of rail into
Row imaging and positioning, this just needs to emit rail at a certain distance ultrasonic pulse, to make imaging resolution transport
Row is constant always on the way, therefore distance interval should be identical.In launch train, slow down, during acceleration, due to the change of speed
Change, if sending signal pulse in the same time interval, it is difficult to it is identical to accomplish that the acquisition distance to rail accomplishes to be spaced.Therefore,
The data acquired back with velometer are needed, the exomonental time interval of ultrasonic wave transmitting probe is controlled.Its operating method
For：Global pick device is spaced record location message and time at regular intervals, if position location is Si, time Ti；It tests the speed
Device is located in wheel, and along one week N number of transmitter of distribution, the distance that every 2 transmitter intervals wheels travel is crossed was set as definite value
L, value are the 1/N of wheel circumference.Global pick device often positions primary (Si, Ti), velometer is then again from ti0It starts counting up；
As soon as velometer receiver often detects that a ray receives signal, train also starts the distance by L, and is denoted as tij.Under
When a positioning, then t is reset to(i+1)0It starts counting up.
Assuming that being constant s to the required distance of 2 subpulses needed for rail detection imaging0, then when train driving, ultrasound
Tranmitting frequency needed for wave transmitting probe is f=v/s0.Wherein v is real-time speed.
The speed approximately equal in 2 sections of testing the speed can be approximately considered during train is started.Then v=vin=L/
(tin-ti(n-1)).Therefore it obtains, when train real time execution, the required transmitting pulse frequency of ultrasonic wave transmitting probe is
The number of transmitting ultrasonic pulse as per second.
Imaging location algorithm can provide the actual location of a certain data point according to institute's measured data, in certain data point discovery
When hurt, so that it may determine the more accurate geographical location of this hurt whereby.Specific algorithm is as follows：It is received in ultrasonic probe doubtful
When like damage, need to make deduction positioned at the position of rail to damaging, precision is higher, then required in subsequent Precision measurement
Cost also will be lower.Meanwhile this data can also apply to the 3D damage imagings of whole rail.Its operating method is：Complete
Under ball positioning device and the record data of velometer, it is found that certain damage is located at SiWith Si+1The t of positionijWith ti(j+1)Time interval
It is interior, then it can be positioned as S=SiThe places+Lj and S=SiBetween+L (j+1).
As example, such as Fig. 3, ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer and velometer received from train wheel signal and with place
Manage system communication.GPS positioning device give at regular intervals the transmitting of processing system ultrasonic wave and the position S of receiving transducer and when
Between T.After the completion of each positioning, keeps the ultrasonic probe in last positioning section to emit pulse frequency, wait for next velometer
Signal.When monitoring velometer signal, time t is recorded1If a upper signal time monitored is t0, then change ultrasonic spy
The transmitting pulse frequency of head is L/s0(t1-t0).Wherein, L is that wheel was opened in the sigtnal interval that adjacent 2 velometers are passed back
Distance should be definite value.s0For to the supersonic sounding of rail imaging needed for standard resolution ratio namely two subpulses stabilization away from
Sow discord every.And so on, when receiving velometer signal every time, all above signal compares real-time control ultrasonic probe hair
Penetrate the frequency of pulse.At the same time, real-time 3D rendering tiled display can be carried out ON TRAINS and result is stored.It is arranging
After vehicle one stroke, if finding, rail failure needs back to look into, statistics indicate that the time of rail failure generation is located at the of GPS
I positioning time Ti, position SiLater, and in TiJ-th of detector time interval t laterijIt is interior, then it can provide more smart
True damage position is S=Si+ Lj prolongs within the latter L.
Claims (3)
1. based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors, it is characterised in that emit including ultrasonic wave
With receiving transducer array detection wheel, velometer, global pick device；Ultrasonic wave transmitting is directly taken with receiving transducer array detection wheel
It is loaded in running train bottom, during train operation real-time detection rail defects and failures；It is real using velometer and global pick device
When track train running speed, ultrasound is emitted by ultrasonic wave emission array, then by receiving transducer array received ultrasonic echo；Institute
The ultrasonic wave transmitting stated is taken turns with receiving array detection to be rolled on rail, and ultrasonic wave transmitting detects wheel inside with receiving array and includes
Ultrasonic wave emits and receiving transducer array and ultrasonic coupling agent；Ultrasonic wave emits has multiple ultrasonic waves to visit with receiving transducer array
Head.
2. according to claim 1 from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors, it is characterised in that
The velometer is located at steel wheel of train, is divided into ray emitter and receiver.
3. according to claim 1 from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors, it is characterised in that
The global pick device is equipped on train, is installed on ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer surface.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720253969.9U CN207832746U (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2017-03-16 | Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors |
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| CN201720253969.9U CN207832746U (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2017-03-16 | Based on apart from adaptive 3D splicing visualization ultrasonic rail failure detectors |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109959334A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-07-02 | 湖南悟空信息科技有限公司 | A kind of calculation method of track automatic measurement vehicle video coordinates |
| CN114590290A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-07 | 青岛海信微联信号有限公司 | Train positioning speed measuring method and related equipment |
-
2017
- 2017-03-16 CN CN201720253969.9U patent/CN207832746U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109959334A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-07-02 | 湖南悟空信息科技有限公司 | A kind of calculation method of track automatic measurement vehicle video coordinates |
| CN114590290A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-07 | 青岛海信微联信号有限公司 | Train positioning speed measuring method and related equipment |
| CN114590290B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-07-11 | 青岛海信微联信号有限公司 | Train positioning and speed measuring method and related equipment |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180907 Termination date: 20200316 |