CN207816860U - Focusing mechanism for ray detection - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of ray detection auxiliary devices, specifically disclose a kind of focusing mechanism for ray detection, including pedestal, Measuring plate, beam launcher and limiting device；At least 3 supporting legs are provided on pedestal；Measuring plate is mounted on the base, and the angle scale of the light beam and workpiece surface normal angle that are sent out for measuring beam emitter is provided in Measuring plate；The beam launcher can send out elongated light beam, and can do Concentric rotation around the center of circle of angle scale using Measuring plate as Plane of rotation, and the limiting device can limit beam launcher and be freely rotated.The utility model has the advantages that：1) by the present apparatus, conventional ray source is unidirectionally focused positioning, two-way focusing positioning is changed to, realizes the quick exact focus of ray detection.2) this method equipment it is light and handy, it is easy to operate, service speed can be effectively improved.

Description

Focusing mechanism for ray detection

Technical field

The utility model is related to non-destructive testing, especially a kind of ray detection auxiliary device.

Background technology

Ray detection be widely used in the products such as boiler, pressure vessel, pressure pipeline, nuclear power, military project manufacture, installation, The weld seam detection in in-service stage, radiographic source focus operation are the key operation links of ray detection, accuracy direct relation of focusing Can, defect qualified or not to egative film detect and defect location precision etc., focusing require the central ray beam that radiographic source is sent out with Workpiece surface normal is at angle is needed, to meet the needs of different detections.Conventional focusing method taken aim at using human eye, ruler amount or is penetrated Line head is by dress cross positioning laser, for heavy wall weld seam, curved surface seam or spatial complex form workpiece, accuracy of focusing Difference, film making success rate is low, serious to restrict detection efficiency and detection result.

Utility model content

To solve focusing method low precision existing in the prior art, the problems such as efficiency is low, the utility model provides one Focusing mechanism of the kind for ray detection, can be to different-thickness weld seam, different curve workpiece, Complicated Spatial Structure workpiece, progress Quickly, exact focus ensures detection result and detection efficiency.

Technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is：For the focusing mechanism of ray detection, packet Include pedestal, Measuring plate, beam launcher and limiting device；At least 3 supporting legs are provided on the pedestal；The Measuring plate peace The angle of the light beam and workpiece surface normal angle that are sent out for measuring beam emitter is provided on pedestal, in Measuring plate Anale settting scale；The beam launcher can send out elongated light beam, and can be Plane of rotation using Measuring plate around angle scale Concentric rotation is done in the center of circle, and the limiting device can limit beam launcher and be freely rotated.

Traditional focusing method is in such a way that radiographic source is unidirectionally focused, it is difficult to which quantization is detected commissure surface normal and penetrates The angle of line incidence central beam, can only be by debugging or the modes such as transillumination determine suitable focusing position again repeatedly so that Low precision, the efficiency of focusing are low.The present invention thoroughly changes traditional radiographic source and unidirectionally focuses mode, and use the lateral radiographic source of weld seam and Radiographic source using this device can solve existing focusing to the two-way focusing method of weld seam, and a kind of focusing mechanism of autonomous Design The problem that angular deviation existing for method is big, operating efficiency is low.

The focusing mechanism of the utility model is applicable to different curve weld seam, space structure changes complicated workpiece, energy It is quickly found out benchmark, the placement orientation of accurate specified radiographic source, it is ensured that the beam for projecting workpiece meets detection needs, avoids It tests and detects again repeatedly.

According to detection needs, change the mode that traditional radiographic source is unidirectionally focused, using the lateral radiographic source of weld seam and radiographic source To the two-way focusing method of weld seam, a kind of focusing radiographic source positioning device is devised, quickly can accurately adjust ray needed for detection Beam and tested place's workpiece surface normal angle, light beam indicate that the setting of ray source position, realization are quick and precisely focused.

The method that focusing localization method is carried out using the focusing mechanism of the utility model is specific as follows：

Step 1. finds reference plane：By the focusing mechanism of calibrated qualification, { fulcrum is coplanar, what beam launcher was sent out Light beam is aligned with the detection reference line (0 scale) on angle scale } it is symmetrically placed steady across weld seam；

Step 2. adjusts instruction angle：It is required according to detection technique, determines beam incident direction and incident angle a, revolved Turn beam launcher, makes beam alignment angle scale corresponding angles angle value a, and fixed；

Step 3. adjusts ray source position：On mobile X-ray head to light beam, according to the focus-object distance that detection technique requires, Fixed position needed for X-ray head is found in distance movement；

Step 4. adjusts ray center Shu Fangxiang：The tracking cross sent out using the indicator of X-ray head, rotation X are penetrated Line head finds position while welding, so that ray center beam is directed at detected weld, and fixed X-ray head is motionless；

Step 5. removes focusing mechanism, closes beam launcher, that is, completes the work of ray detection exact focus.

For the ease of the replacement, rotation and fixation of beam launcher, rotary bracket can be increased, and by beam launcher It is fixed on rotary bracket, rotary bracket is rotatablely connected with Measuring plate, and beam launcher can be driven by rotating rotary bracket Using Measuring plate as Plane of rotation Concentric rotation is done around the center of circle of angle scale.

In order to improve the accuracy and reading accuracy of focusing, it can be arranged on rotary bracket and coordinate with angle scale scale Center line and adjusting knob for adjusting beam launcher position and verticality.It can make light by adjusting knob when measurement Beam is aligned with center line, indicates that reading scale is capable of the folder of Accurate Determining light beam and workpiece for measurement surface normal by center line Angle.

Accuracy is detected to improve, the center location of graduated scale is unsuitable excessively high, so as to the angle of light beam and normal and penetrate The angle approximately equal of line central beam and normal.Therefore the center of circle of graduated scale can be set to positioned at Measuring plate lower part the bottom of close to The position of seat, and using circle centre position as the tie point of rotary bracket and Measuring plate.It is readily comprehensible, when the center of circle of graduated scale is fallen It is highest that accuracy is detected when in detected weld, but the stability of this making and the detection that are unfavorable for focusing mechanism.It is real Focus-object distance is usually in 600mm or more in the detection of border, therefore the slight error caused by center location can't be to the accurate of detection Property has any impact.It can be by the distance controlling of tested point on the center of circle to workpiece of angle scale within 5cm in actually detected To ensure that the accuracy of detection, the distance can be realized by controlling leg length and base thickness etc..

For the ease of focus operation, rotary bracket rotate to should be when corresponding angle can be fixed, setting can be used The mode of tightening knob is fixed, and concrete structure is that knob sliding slot is provided in Measuring plate, and tightening knob is by connecting spiral shell Bar is connect across knob sliding slot with rotary bracket, can increase friction between rotary bracket and Measuring plate by screwing tightening knob Power is to limit rotary bracket rotation.It is readily apparent that, in addition to this tightening knob also has other set-up modes, such as can not Knob sliding slot is set, but knob is set in Measuring plate and connects hole, turn knob can be such that one end of knob passes through to connect hole and rotation Bracket contact is to limit rotary bracket rotation.In addition tightening knob can not also be used, and uses magnetic limit shown in Fig. 3 Other position limiting structures such as part rotate to limit rotary bracket.

Accurately to find the datum plane and normal of commissure to be measured, can be used can send out it is reversed conllinear anti-with light beam To the beam launcher of light beam, the focusing mechanism calibrated (light beam is with detection reference line to it) is put across weld seam when detection The position set, and adjust focusing mechanism makes backward beam fall on weld seam to be measured, is to its light beam with detection reference line at this time Can accurate simulation commissure to be measured normal, further increase detection accuracy and detection efficiency.

In the utility model the quantity of supporting leg and set-up mode should according to the surface condition of workpiece position while welding to be measured into Row design, such as 3 supporting legs and fulcrum can be installed when just being detected to the weld seam on the weld seam or spherical surface in plane on pedestal It is arranged in the form of equilateral triangle, to ensure that focusing mechanism can stablize placement in workpiece surface.And for the weldering on pipeline Seam detection is then more suitable for using 4 supporting legs and supporting leg is symmetrically placed across weld seam so that supporting leg is close to tube wall both sides.4 in practice The design of supporting leg is more for practicability and better adaptability for working condition.It is the adaptation for further enhancing this focusing mechanism simultaneously Property, Measuring plate can be designed as detachably installing with pedestal or pedestal is detachably installed with supporting leg, in order to according to actually detected Object carries out the replacement of supporting leg form so that the focusing mechanism of the utility model is applicable to different curve weld seam, space knot The complicated workpiece of structure variation.

In order to keep focusing more convenient, magnet pulley can be installed on supporting leg, in order to which focusing mechanism is adsorbed on workpiece surface, And convenient for the adjustment of position.It is readily comprehensible, other viscous glutinous or adsorption structures can also be used other than magnet pulley.

Goal of the invention and operation principle according to the present utility model are readily appreciated that the beam launcher refers to one The device of elongated visible light beam can be sent out by cutting, typically such as laser pen.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that：1) by using focusing positioning device, conventional ray source is unidirectionally focused Positioning is changed to two-way focusing positioning, realizes the quick exact focus of ray detection.2) Measuring plate is used to indicate ray incidence angle Degree, improves positioning accuracy.3) it is operated by five step simplicity, improves the speed of ray detection focusing.4) 4 carrying magnetics are used The supporting leg of wheel and workpiece surface point contact, it is ensured that be suitable for various types weld seam and labyrinth workpiece, and use magnet pulley It is easy to fix on ferromagnetic workpiece surface, is convenient for one man operation.5) this method equipment is light and handy, easy to operate, registration, can have Effect reduces the difficulty of ray detection focusing, reduces focusing error, improves service speed.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the focusing mechanism for ray detection in embodiment one.

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is utility model works principle schematic.It should be noted that Fig. 4 is in order to show the work of the utility model Make principle and artificially expands light beam and workpiece surface normal angle α and ray center beam and workpiece surface normal angle β in figure Between visual differential seat angle.The center of circle of actually detected middle angle scale to workpiece surface distance only in 2~3cm, and detect burnt object Away from usually in 600mm~2000mm, therefore the differential seat angle is very small, can regard approximately equal as, will not be made to the accuracy of detection At any influence.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the focusing mechanism for ray detection in embodiment two.

Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the right view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is boiler cyclone separator tube panel positive structure schematic.

Fig. 9 is boiler cyclone separator tube panel side structure schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is that the ray detection of embodiment two requires schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is the working state schematic representation of the utility model in embodiment two.

Figure 12 is the transillumination focusing mechanism placement schematic diagram of 3 different directions of same weld seam in embodiment two.

In figure label for：1- pedestals, 2- Measuring plates, 3- rotary brackets, 4- laser pens, 5- angle scales, 6- light beams, 7- are tight Gu knob, 8- magnet pulleies, 9- adjusting knobs, 10 supporting legs, the centers of circle 11-, 12- center lines, 13- knob sliding slots, the limit of 14- magnetism Part, α-light beam and workpiece surface normal angle, beta rays central beam and workpiece surface normal angle.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Embodiment one：

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the focusing mechanism for ray detection of the utility model, including pedestal 1, Measuring plate 2, laser pen 4 and magnetic locating part 14；4 supporting legs 10 are provided on the pedestal 1；The Measuring plate 2 is mounted on pedestal 1, The angle scale 5 for measuring light beam 6 and workpiece surface normal angle that laser pen 4 is sent out is provided in Measuring plate 2；It is described to swash Light pen 4 can send out elongated light beam 6, and can be that Plane of rotation does concentric rotation around the center of circle of angle scale 5 11 with Measuring plate 2 Turn, the center of circle 11 of the angle scale 5 is located at 2 lower part of Measuring plate close to the position of pedestal 1.The magnetism locating part 14 can limit Laser pen 4 is freely rotated.

As shown in figure 4, carrying out ray detection to workpiece surface somewhere weld seam using above-mentioned focusing mechanism, steps are as follows：

(1) reference plane is found：By the focusing mechanism of calibrated qualification, { fulcrum is coplanar, the light beam and angle that laser pen 4 is sent out Detection reference line (0 scale) alignment on anale settting scale 5 } it is symmetrically placed steady across weld seam, the center of circle of angle scale 5 is measured at this time 11 at a distance from workpiece surface be 3.3cm；

(2) instruction angle is adjusted：It is required according to detection technique, determines that beam incident direction and incident angle a, rotation swash Light pen 4 makes 6 alignment angles scale of light beam, 5 corresponding angles angle value a, and fixed；

(3) ray source position is adjusted：On mobile X-ray head to light beam 6, according to the focus-object distance that detection technique requires, far Fixed position needed for X-ray head is found in nearly movement；

(4) ray center Shu Fangxiang is adjusted：The tracking cross sent out using the indicator of X-ray head, rotational x-ray machine Head finds position while welding, so that ray center beam is directed at detected weld, and fixed X-ray head is motionless；

(5) focusing mechanism is removed, laser pen is closed, that is, completes the work of ray detection exact focus.

Embodiment two：

Fig. 5~Fig. 7 illustrates the another embodiment of the utility model, what is different from the first embodiment is that the present embodiment In we increase rotary bracket 3, and laser pen 4 is fixed on rotary bracket 3, rotary bracket 3 connects with the rotation of Measuring plate 2 It connects, laser pen 4 can be driven to be done with one heart around the center of circle of angle scale 5 11 for Plane of rotation with Measuring plate 2 by rotating rotary bracket 3 Rotation.In addition the center line 12 coordinated with 5 scale of angle scale is additionally provided on rotary bracket 3 and for adjusting laser pen 4 It sets and the adjusting knob of verticality 9.And it will be changed to tightening knob 7 for limiting the magnetic locating part that laser pen 4 is freely rotated, The set-up mode of tightening knob 7 is：Knob sliding slot 13 is provided in Measuring plate 2, tightening knob 7 passes through rotation by connecting screw Button sliding slot 13 is connect with rotary bracket 3, can increase frictional force between rotary bracket 3 and Measuring plate 2 by screwing tightening knob 7 It is rotated to limit rotary bracket 3.Pedestal 1 is designed as detachably installing with Measuring plate 2 for the ease of the replacement of supporting leg 10, and Magnet pulley 8 is installed on each supporting leg 10 in order to which the focusing mechanism is fixed in workpiece surface.

It is focused and is applied with the boiler cyclone separator tube panel Small-diameter Tube Seams ray detection of our company's Workshop Production For illustrate, it is specific that detect object as follows：

Take over specification：45 × 7mm of Φ, weld width：About 8mm, material：12Cr1MoVG, weld seam quantity：24/screen.

Design feature：As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, front is seen, the pipe where detected weld forms angle (about 5 °) at equal intervals Sector；Side sees, the sector and vertical plane are at about 10 ° or so of inclination angle.

Technology requirement：As shown in Figure 10, each small diameter tube weld seam should be spaced 60 ° and carry out 3 subelliptics imaging transilluminations, it is oval at It is that 1 times of weldering is wide as requiring opening degree (the upper and lower maximum spacing of weld seam projection)；Transillumination is carried out using X-ray production apparatus, focus-object distance is 600mm。

One, the deficiency that the construction joint detects ray detection focusing difficult point and routinely focuses

1, all weld seam space angles position is constantly changing.On sector, be spaced about 5 ° variation, focusing once and Multiple weld seam detections are difficult to realize using simple translation mode, therefore each weld seam detection must focus again；

2, each weld seam transillumination 3 times, ray detection transillumination orientation is different, and each transillumination is both needed to focus again；

3, sector and vertical plane are about at 10 ° of inclination angles so that entire weld bond spatial position becomes complicated.

Above calculate understands entire 24 weld seams of tube panel of detection, total to need focusing 72 times, because of space angle complexity, and not Disconnected variation is focused using conventional unidirectional laser assisted, and about 5 minutes single focus operation used times, complete one-time detection needs about 7 points altogether Clock, and success rate of focusing is 60% or so, detects complete 24 weld seams of tube panel, it is total to need about 14 hours (7 × 72 ÷ 60% ÷60).As can be seen that focusing accuracy is poor, success rate and efficiency are low.

Two, focus operation and effect are carried out using the focusing mechanism of the utility model

As shown in Figure 11, Figure 12, ray detection is carried out to the tube panel weld seam using this focusing method and focusing positioning device Focusing.

Specific steps：

1. on pipe, to each weld seam by 60 ° of intervals draw 3 detection reference lines (- 60 ° of left bits, 0 ° of positive direction ,+ 60 ° of right bits)；

2. being required according to ray detection elliptic imaging technology, opening degree is that 1 times of weldering is wide, then angle a=arctag [weldering is wide/ (- 2 times of wall thickness of overall diameter)]=arctag [8/ (45-7 × 2)]=14.5 °；

3. calibrated focusing positioning device is symmetrically placed steady across weld seam, it is desirable that 12 alignment detection of center line refers to Line (0 scale), it is 2.3cm at a distance from pipe to measure the center of circle 11；

4. unscrewing the tightening knob 7 in focusing positioning device Measuring plate 2, rotation rotary bracket 3 makes 12 alignment angle of center line 14.5 ° of values of anale settting scale, and be tightened；

5. along the position of pipe axial translation micro regulating focusing positioning device, center line 12 is made to cross joint edge edge.

6. opening laser pen 4 to switch, X-ray Handpiece Location is adjusted, so that ray head is fallen on light beam 6, and ray source point From pipe distance 600mm.

7. opening the laser designator on X-ray head, rotation ray head makes in " ten " word cursor that indicator is sent out The heart is directed at laser pen 4.

8. checking that ray head goes out the center of beam mouth at this time whether to fall on light beam 6, head trim process is translated；

9. closing laser pen 4, and focusing mechanism is removed, checks whether the laser cross cursor that X-ray production apparatus hair goes out is aligned Weld seam ipsilateral penumbra, slight rotating head are adjusted in place；

10. finally closing the laser designator on X-ray head, that is, complete focusing work.

The above focus operation, single focusing time at most need 1.5 minutes, and testing result is shown, is focused successfully reachable 100%.

Three, the effect after this focusing method and focusing mechanism is utilized

Found out by front and back comparison, operation is instructed using the focusing mechanism for ray detection of the utility model, with quilt On the basis of examining position while welding, overcomes because the variation of weld seam space angle affects, adjusted to the positioning of X-ray head accurately to refer to It leads, avoid blindly operation and debugs repeatedly.From the point of view of detection result, single focusing time save 70%, focusing success rate by 60% is increased to 100%, and single screen cyclone separator nozzle weld detection time shorten to 4.2 hours (3.5 × 72 ÷ by 14 hours 100% ÷ 60), detection efficiency promotes 230%, and it is more stable and reliable to detect quality.

Claims (12)

1. for the focusing mechanism of ray detection, including pedestal (1), Measuring plate (2), beam launcher and limiting device；Institute It states and is provided at least 3 supporting legs (10) on pedestal (1)；The Measuring plate (2) is mounted on pedestal (1), and Measuring plate is arranged on (2) It is useful for the angle scale (5) of light beam (6) and workpiece surface normal angle that measuring beam emitter is sent out；The light beam hair Injection device can send out elongated light beam (6), and can take Measuring plate (2) as the center of circle (11) of the Plane of rotation around angle scale (5) Concentric rotation is done, the limiting device can limit beam launcher and be freely rotated.

2. the focusing mechanism according to claim 1 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：Further include rotary bracket (3), The beam launcher is fixed on rotary bracket (3), and rotary bracket (3) is rotatablely connected with Measuring plate (2), is revolved by rotating The frame (3) that asks can drive beam launcher to be done with one heart around the center of circle (11) of angle scale (5) for Plane of rotation with Measuring plate (2) Rotation.

3. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The angle scale (5) The center of circle (11) is located at position of Measuring plate (2) lower part close to pedestal (1).

4. the focusing mechanism according to claim 3 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：Under working condition, the angle The distance of the center of circle (11) of anale settting scale (5) to workpiece surface is less than 5cm.

5. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：On the rotary bracket (3) It is additionally provided with and the center line (12) of angle scale (5) cooperation and the adjusting for adjusting beam launcher position and verticality Knob (9).

6. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The limiting device is fastening Knob (7).

7. the focusing mechanism according to claim 6 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The tightening knob (7) Set-up mode is：Knob sliding slot (13) is provided in Measuring plate (2), tightening knob (7) is slided by connecting screw across knob Slot (13) is connect with rotary bracket (3), can be increased between rotary bracket (3) and Measuring plate (2) by screwing tightening knob (7) Frictional force is to limit rotary bracket (3) rotation.

8. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The quantity of the supporting leg (10) It is 4.

9. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The pedestal (1) and measurement Disk (2) is detachable installation or the pedestal (1) and supporting leg (10) is detachable installation.

10. the focusing mechanism according to claim 2 for ray detection, it is characterised in that：The beam launcher It can send out and the reversed conllinear backward beam of light beam (6).

11. the focusing mechanism for ray detection according to any claim in claim 1~10, feature exist In：Magnet pulley (8) is installed on each supporting leg (10).

12. the focusing mechanism for ray detection according to any claim in claim 1~10, feature exist In：The beam launcher is laser pen (4).