CN207801786U - Solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device - Google Patents
Solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN207801786U CN207801786U CN201721824097.3U CN201721824097U CN207801786U CN 207801786 U CN207801786 U CN 207801786U CN 201721824097 U CN201721824097 U CN 201721824097U CN 207801786 U CN207801786 U CN 207801786U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to solar light-heat power-generation technical field, specifically provides a kind of solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device.The utility model aims to solve the problem that the generating efficiency of existing hot electron power generation device is highly susceptible to the problem of intensity of solar radiation influences.The hot electron power generation device of the utility model includes hot electron power generation component and the heat accumulation component being connected with hot electron power generation component；Wherein, hot electron power generation component can be converted solar energy into electrical energy and be exported, heat accumulation component includes the phase transition heat storage element of shell and receiving in the housing, phase transition heat storage element can absorb solar radiation, and convert solar energy into thermal energy storage, when the intensity of solar radiation changes, heat accumulation component can carry out heat exchange with hot electron power generation component, to stablize the operating temperature of hot electron power generation component, electric energy can be steadily exported so that hot electron power generation component is effectively ensured, and then stablizes the generating efficiency of hot electron power generation component.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to solar light-heat power-generation technical field, specifically provides a kind of solar heat electronics power generation dress
It sets.
Background technology
With science and technology be constantly progressive and the continuous consumption of earth resource, people start to be keen to study it is various can
The utilization method of regenerated resources；Wherein, solar energy is all the time as neutral carbon regenerative resource most abundant on the earth
The research emphasis of renewable energy utilization technology.Normally, existing solar light-heat power-generation technology is all to first pass through optical collector to connect
Solar radiation is received, then thermo-electric converting device is recycled to convert solar energy into electrical energy.Meanwhile not according to heat to electricity conversion mode
Together, existing solar light-heat power-generation technology is broadly divided into conventional heat power generation technology, thermoelectric generation and thermoelectron
Three kinds of generation technology.
Further, conventional heat power generation technology is turned by converting solar energy into mechanical energy, then by mechanical energy
Electric energy is turned to realize power generation, includes mainly Stirling cycle generation technology, Rankine cycle generation technology and Brayton cycle
Three kinds of generation modes of generation technology.And hot electron power generation technology is mainly used as energy transmission by the electronics that solar energy inspires
Medium converts solar energy into electrical energy, hot electron power generation technology not only have it is good continue generating capacity, and it is sending out
Static exercise only need to be carried out in electric process, therefore, power generation can be realized without moving component in hot electron power generation technology.In thermoelectron
In generation technology, electronics producing method, which includes mainly thermal induction thermionic emission technology and photon, enhances thermionic emission technology
Two kinds.
Specifically, thermal induction thermionic emission technology can directly absorb the solar radiation of focusing and be translated into heat
It can so that the free electron in cathode is concurrently incident upon in vacuum through thermalization effusion cathode surface, finally overcomes space charge barrier
It is received by the anode of neighbour, to convert solar energy into electrical energy.Compared with thermal induction electron emitting technology, photon enhances thermoelectricity
Sub- lift-off technology can then carry out solar radiation more efficient utilize；Further, photon enhances thermionic emission technology
The super bandgap photonic in solar radiation can be absorbed to generate light induced electron with semiconductor, meanwhile, in solar radiation
Excess energy can also be thermal energy by sorption enhanced, so as to thermalized electron and it be made to be projected to anode from cathode surface effusion.But
It is that the utilization of existing photon enhancing thermionic emission technology still has having disadvantages that；For example, existing power generator is with light
Son enhancing thermionic emission technology is highly susceptible to the influence of intensity of solar radiation when being generated electricity；In other words, existing thermoelectron
The temperature of cathode and anode is highly susceptible to the influence of intensity of solar radiation in power generator, to the generation of electronics, transport
It is impacted with reception, and then seriously affects stablizing for electric energy and export.
Correspondingly, this field needs a kind of new solar heat electronics power generator to solve the above problems.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above problem in the prior art, in order to solve the generating efficiency of existing hot electron power generation device very
The problem of being easy to be influenced by intensity of solar radiation, the utility model provide a kind of solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation dress
It sets, which includes hot electron power generation component and the storage that is connected with the hot electron power generation component
Hot component；The hot electron power generation component can convert solar energy into electrical energy；The heat accumulation component can convert solar energy
For thermal energy storage, and heat exchange is carried out with the hot electron power generation component, in order to stabilize the work of the hot electron power generation component
Make temperature.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the heat accumulation component includes shell
Body and phase transition heat storage element；The shell is for accommodating the phase transition heat storage element；The phase transition heat storage element can absorb too
Sun radiation, and generate the light induced electron needed for the hot electron power generation component power generation.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the shell is by translucent material
It is made, so that solar radiation can expose to the phase transition heat storage element by the shell.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the shell includes outside metal
Wall and warm keeping element, to effectively reduce thermal losses.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the hot electron power generation component
Including spaced cathode and anode；The cathode is connected with the phase transition heat storage element, and the phase transition heat storage element
The light induced electron of generation can pass through the cathode motion to the anode.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the cathode is by semiconductor material
Material is made；Fusing point of the fusing point of the semi-conducting material higher than the material of the phase transition heat storage element.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the hot electron power generation component
It further include sealing element；First confined space is formed by the sealing element, the cathode and the anode, described first is closed
Space is vacuum environment, and stores caesium steam and/or ba vapour.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the solar energy phase-change heat storage
Hot electron power generation device further includes thermodynamic cycle electrification component；The thermodynamic cycle electrification component is connected with the anode, and
The thermodynamic cycle electrification component can convert heat into electric energy.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the thermodynamic cycle generating set
Part is formed with second space with the anode；Heat-exchange working medium, the thermodynamic cycle electrification component are stored in the second space
Heat exchange is carried out by heat-exchange working medium and the anode；The thermodynamic cycle electrification component is Stirling cycle generator, mine-laying
Pause at least one of circulating generator and Rankine cycle generator.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, the solar heat electronics hair
Electric installation further includes concentrating component；The concentrating component can assemble solar radiation to the phase transition heat storage element；It is described poly-
Optical assembly is at least one of Fresnel optical collector, slot-type optical collector, dish-style concentrator and tower concentrator.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that in the optimal technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model
Hot electron power generation device includes hot electron power generation component and the heat accumulation component that is connected with the hot electron power generation component；Wherein,
The hot electron power generation component can be converted solar energy into electrical energy and be exported, and the heat accumulation component includes shell and is contained in
Phase transition heat storage element in the shell, the phase transition heat storage element can absorb solar radiation, and convert solar energy into
Thermal energy storage, when the intensity of solar radiation changes, the heat accumulation component can be carried out with the hot electron power generation component
Heat exchange, to stablize the operating temperature of the hot electron power generation component, so that the hot electron power generation component energy is effectively ensured
It is enough steadily to export electric energy；Meanwhile the phase transition heat storage element can also generate needed for the hot electron power generation component power generation
Light induced electron, further to promote the generating efficiency of the hot electron power generation component.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is that the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model is that Stirling is combined and followed
Structural schematic diagram when ring power generator；
Fig. 4 is that the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model is Rankine combined cycle
Structural schematic diagram when power generator；
Fig. 5 is that the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model is that Bretton is combined and followed
Structural schematic diagram when ring power generator.
Reference sign：1, optical collector window；2, phase transition heat storage element；3, cathode；4, anode；5, the first confined air
Between；6, expansion chamber；7, compression chamber；8, cooler；9, regenerator；10, turbine；11, generator；12, condenser；13, it pumps；14、
Compressor；15, reheater；16, metal outer wall；17, warm keeping element.
Specific implementation mode
Two kinds of preferred embodiments of the utility model are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that
, these embodiments be used only for explain the utility model technical principle, it is not intended that limit the guarantor of the utility model
Protect range.Those skilled in the art can as needed make adjustment to it, to adapt to specific application scenario.For example, to the greatest extent
The each element for managing solar heat electronics power generator described in the specification all has scheduled shape and structure, still, this
A little elements are obviously also configured to other shapes and structure, as long as the element can complete predetermined function.This member
The change of part shape and structure therefore falls within the protection model of the utility model without departing from the basic principle of the utility model
Within enclosing.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, term "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear",
The direction of the instructions such as "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outside" or the term of position relationship are sides based on ... shown in the drawings
To or position relationship, this is intended merely to facilitate description, rather than it is specific to indicate or imply that described device or element must have
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.In addition, term " the
One ", " second " is used for description purposes only, and is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In addition it is also necessary to explanation, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, art
Language " connected ", " connection ", " connection " etc. indicate that the word of connection relation all shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be fixedly connected,
Can be detachably connected, or be integrally connected；It can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection；It can be directly connected,
It can indirectly connected through an intermediary or the connection inside two elements.It to those skilled in the art, can basis
Concrete condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
It is strong that generating efficiency based on the existing hot electron power generation device proposed in background technology is highly susceptible to solar radiation
The problem of degree influences；Specifically, in photon enhances hot electron power generation device, the power generator can use semiconductor absorber
Super bandgap photonic in solar radiation, to generate light induced electron；Meanwhile the excess energy in solar radiation can also be generated electricity
Device sorption enhanced be thermal energy, and then thermalized electron and make its from cathode surface effusion be projected to anode.But existing photon increases
Heat-flash electronics power generator is during using or tool has disadvantages that；For example, the power generator enhances with photon
Thermionic emission technology is highly susceptible to the influence of intensity of solar radiation when being generated electricity；Further, the intensity of solar radiation
The temperature of cathode and anode in power generator can be influenced, to the generation of light induced electron, transport and reception impacts, in turn
Seriously affect electric energy stablizes output.In order to solve the above problem in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of new
The solar heat electronics power generator of solar heat electronics power generator, the utility model includes hot electron power generation component and heat accumulation
Component, the hot electron power generation component can convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the heat accumulation component can convert solar energy into
Thermal energy storage, when the intensity of solar radiation changes, the heat accumulation component can be carried out with the hot electron power generation component
Heat exchange, to stablize the operating temperature of the hot electron power generation component, farthest to ensure the hot electron power generation
Component can steadily export electric energy.
First combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 excellent to the first of the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device of the utility model below
It selects the structure of embodiment and the second preferred embodiment and is described in detail using process.Firstly, it is necessary to explanation, first
In preferred embodiment and the second preferred embodiment, the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electronic device of the utility model includes thermoelectron hair
Electrical component and the heat accumulation component being connected with the hot electron power generation component.The hot electron power generation component is used to turn solar energy
It turns to electric energy and exports；The heat accumulation component is for converting solar energy into thermal energy storage, when the intensity of solar radiation becomes
When change, the heat accumulation component can carry out heat exchange with the hot electron power generation component, to stablize the hot electron power generation group
The operating temperature of part so that the generating efficiency of the hot electron power generation component is effectively ensured, and then farthest avoids existing
The generating efficiency of hot electron power generation device is easy the problem of being influenced by intensity of solar radiation.
Referring initially to Fig. 1, which is the first preferred embodiment of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model
Structural schematic diagram, specifically, in the first preferred embodiment of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model, the storage
Hot component includes being arranged in outermost optical collector window 1 and the phase transition heat storage element 2 being accommodated in optical collector window 1.
It should be noted that, although the shell in first preferred embodiment is optical collector window 1, still, the shell is obviously gone back
Can be other elements, as long as the element is made of translucent material, and the shell can accommodate phase transition heat storage element 2,
Solar radiation is exposed to by the shell on phase transition heat storage element 2.Skilled artisans appreciate that
, the shell is preferably made of quartz and/or aluminium oxide, certainly, what the shell can also be strong by other light transmissions
Material is made.
What those skilled in the art were also understood that is, it is preferable that phase transition heat storage element 2 is by high-melting-point conductive material system
At, such as silicon, germanium etc.；When external solar radiation abundance, solid phase transition heat storage element 2 can absorb a large amount of sun spoke
It penetrates and is changed into liquid through phase transition process, to store extra solar radiation with form of heat；Meanwhile working as the sun
When the intensity of radiation changes, the heat accumulation component can carry out heat exchange with the hot electron power generation component, to stablize
The operating temperature of the hot electron power generation component, so that the generating efficiency of the hot electron power generation component is effectively ensured.
Further, the hot electron power generation component includes the cathode 3 being set in distance and anode 4；Wherein, phase-change thermal storage
Element 2 is arranged between optical collector window 1 and cathode 3, and is provided with predetermined space between cathode 3 and anode 4.This field skill
Art personnel are, it is understood that preferably, cathode 3 is made of semi-conducting material, and the fusing point of the semi-conducting material is higher than
The fusing point of the material of phase transition heat storage element 2；Such as diamond, gallium nitride etc., certainly, technical staff can also be according to actual use
Demand voluntarily selectes the material of cathode 3.In addition, anode 4 is preferably made of refractory metal, for example, molybdenum, nickel etc., similarly, anode 4
The material that is made can also voluntarily be selected according to actual use demand by those skilled in the art.
Referring next to Fig. 1, the hot electron power generation component further includes the sealing being arranged in 4 upper and lower ends of cathode 3 and anode
Element, herein, it should be noted that show the concrete structure of other elements for convenience, illustrate only and be arranged in cathode in Fig. 1
3 and 4 lower end of anode sealing element, and the sealing element being arranged in 4 upper end of cathode 3 and anode is not shown.Further, it is arranged
Sealing element in 4 lower end of cathode 3 and anode can be connected with optical collector window 1, cathode 3 and anode 4 respectively, meanwhile, setting
It can then be connected respectively with the both ends of optical collector window 1, cathode 3 and anode 4 in two sealing elements of upper and lower ends；Change speech
It, the hot electron power generation component includes optical collector window 1, the cathode being successively set between two sealing elements from outside to inside
3 and anode 4.It should be noted that the sealing element can be integrated, can also be spliced integrally by multiple sealing elements
Sealing element.It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that due to the sealing element and optical collector window 1, cathode 3 and anode
4 both ends are to be tightly connected；Therefore, a closing can be collectively formed in the sealing element, optical collector window 1 and cathode 3
Cavity, phase transition heat storage element 2 just be arranged in the cavity；Meanwhile it is and predetermined due to being provided between cathode 3 and anode 4
Therefore gap can form the first confined space 5 using the sealing element, cathode 3 and anode 4.In addition, the sealing member
The centre of part is provided with through-hole, so that the inner wall of anode 4 can be connected into a channel with the through-hole；Preferably, described logical
The diameter in hole is identical as the internal diameter of cylindrical shape anode 4, farthest to enhance the negotiability in the channel.
In addition, those skilled in the art be also understood that be, it is preferable that the predetermined gap between cathode 3 and anode 4 is set
It sets between 1 micron to 100 microns, can rapidly be moved in anode 4 so that the electronics escaped in cathode 3 is effectively ensured；It is excellent
Selection of land, vacuum sealing connects by the way of crunch seal between cathode 3 and anode 4.In addition it is also necessary to explanation, cathode 3
The concrete numerical value of predetermined gap between anode 4 also needs to technical staff and needs sets itself according to actual product.In addition, into
One step preferably, caesium steam and/or ba vapour is stored in the first confined space 5；On the one hand, these steam can be reduced effectively
The work function of cathode 3 and anode 4 so that the electronics in cathode 3 can be more prone to escape from surface；On the other hand, these are steamed
Vapour can also reduce the space charge barrier between cathode 3 and anode 4, so that the electronics escaped in cathode 3 can be more
Near easy movement to anode 4.
Referring next to Fig. 1, the power generation process of the first preferred embodiment of the utility model is made below with reference to Fig. 1 detailed
Illustrate, as shown in Figure 1, the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device further includes concentrating component (not shown), institute
It states hot electron power generation component to be placed in the focal plane of the concentrating component, so that the concentrating component can gather solar radiation
Then collection is exposed to via optical collector window 1 on phase transition heat storage element 2, to optical collector window 1 at this point, 2 energy of phase transition heat storage element
The super bandgap photonic in solar radiation is enough absorbed, to generate light induced electron, these light induced electrons diffuse to the moon through Brownian movement
In pole 3.Meanwhile the lattice in the material of phase transition heat storage element 2 can absorb extra super bandgap photonic and sub-bandgap photon, and
It is translated into thermal energy storage so that the temperature of phase transition heat storage element 2 is increased, and then transfers heat to cathode 3.At this point,
The light induced electron that phase transition heat storage element 2 generates diffuses in the conduction band of cathode 3, to effectively reduce gram needed for thermionic emission
Take the thermalization energy of cathode work function number；Meanwhile the electronics in the conduction band of cathode 3 is by thermalization, the energy possessed by the electronics is more than the moon
When the work function of pole, electronics is escaped from the surface of cathode 3, meanwhile, under the action of faint built in field, from the surface of cathode 3
The electronics of effusion can be projected near anode 4, be absorbed by anode 4, then be come back on the fermi level of anode 4, from
And it produces electricl energy.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that preferably, the concentrating component is Fresnel optical collector, slot light collection
At least one of device, dish-style concentrator and tower concentrator；Specifically, when the concentrating component is tower concentrator or dish-style
When concentrator, technical staff may be used the mode focusing sunlight of an optically focused and be assembled to optical collector window 1；Together
When, technical staff can also use the spot mode of secondary reflection.Certainly, technical staff can also be according to actual use situation certainly
The selected concentrating component of row.
In addition, those skilled in the art are also understood that, when phase transition heat storage element 2 is in solid-state, and the heat
When the outside of electronics electrification component has solar radiation, phase transition heat storage element 2 gradually absorbs heat so that and own temperature gradually rises,
Meanwhile the temperature of cathode 3 can also increase.When solar radiation further enhances, solid phase transition heat storage element 2 continues to inhale
Solar radiation is received, is then changed into liquid through phase transition process, to maintain the temperature-resistant of itself, and by extra sun spoke
It penetrates and is converted into heat storage, in solar radiation deficiency, to stablize the temperature of cathode 3, and then maintain the stabilization of electric energy
Output；When solar radiation weakens, the phase transition heat storage element 2 of liquid is converted into solid-state through phase transition process, while releasing heat confession
To cathode 3, so as to ensure cathode 3 can normal transmission electronics, to effectively avoid the power generation of existing hot electron power generation device from imitating
Rate is highly susceptible to the problem of intensity of solar radiation influences, and then stablizing for electric energy is farthest maintained to export.It needs to illustrate
Be, it is preferable that cathode 3 by semiconductor growth techniques process on the surface of phase transition heat storage element 2, stored up by phase transformation to reduce
The light induced electron that thermal element 2 generates is compound to effectively improve generating efficiency when diffusing to cathode 3.
Further, since the temperature of cathode 3 is higher than the temperature of anode 4, the part energy in cathode 3 passes through
The mode of heat radiation is conducted to anode 4；Meanwhile another part energy in cathode 3 is then by way of electronics condensation by energy
Conduction promotes the temperature rise of anode 4 to anode 4.It is understood that since the inner wall of anode 4 is formed with channel, because
This, the heat of anode 4 can be discharged by the channel, at this point, if storing heat-exchange working medium in the channel, these heat exchange
Working medium can take the heat that anode 4 generates out of, on the one hand, these heat-exchange working mediums can take heat out of, to effectively reduce
The temperature of anode 4, and then effectively improve the generating efficiency of the hot electron power generation component；On the other hand, the solar generator
Sub- power generator can also by thermodynamic cycle electrification component by these converting heats be electric energy, to realize energy step profit
With, and then farthest improve the generating efficiency of the solar heat electronics power generator.Preferably, the thermodynamic cycle hair
Electrical component is at least one of Stirling cycle generator, Brayton cycle generator and Rankine cycle generator, certainly, skill
Art personnel can also voluntarily select thermodynamic cycle electrification component according to actual use situation.
Referring next to Fig. 2, the figure be the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device of the utility model second preferably
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment.As shown in Fig. 2, the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device includes shell and is held
The phase transition heat storage element 2 being contained in the shell, it is preferable that phase transition heat storage element 2 is made of silicon, and phase transition heat storage element 2
It can be accommodated in metal outer wall 16.Meanwhile in the second preferred embodiments, the shell includes metal outer wall 16 and heat preservation
Element 17；Specifically, the outside of metal outer wall 16 is enclosed with warm keeping element 17, and warm keeping element 17 can effectively reduce internal heat
Scatter and disappear, to effectively reduce energy loss.In addition, the solar heat electronics power generator further includes spaced cathode
3 and anode 4, it will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that preferably, cathode 3 is made of diamond.Specifically, diamond is
A kind of semi-conducting material of broad-band gap (5.5eV), fusing point are up to 3550 DEG C, can be in phase by the way of chemical vapor deposition
The surface for becoming heat accumulation element 2 forms one layer of diamond film.Meanwhile anode 4 is then made of transparent conductive material, so as to outside
Solar radiation can penetrate the surface that anode 4 exposes to cathode 3.
Further, the hot electron power generation component further includes the sealing member being arranged in 4 upper and lower ends of cathode 3 and anode
Part, herein, it should be noted that show the concrete structure of other elements for convenience, illustrate only and be arranged in cathode 3 in Fig. 2
With the sealing element of 4 lower end of anode, and the sealing element being arranged in 4 upper end of cathode 3 and anode is not shown.As shown in Fig. 2, setting
Sealing element in 4 lower end of cathode 3 and anode can be connected with metal outer wall 16, cathode 3 and anode 4 respectively, be arranged in cathode 3
It can then be connected respectively with the both ends of metal outer wall 16, cathode 3 and anode 4 with two sealing elements of 4 upper and lower ends of anode；It changes
Yan Zhi, the hot electron power generation device include the warm keeping element 17 being successively set between two sealing elements, gold from outside to inside
Belong to outer wall 16, cathode 3 and anode 4.It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that due to the sealing element and metal outer wall
16, the both ends of cathode 3 and anode 4 are to be tightly connected；Therefore, the sealing element, metal outer wall 16 and cathode 3 can be common
As soon as forming a closed cavity, phase transition heat storage element 2 is arranged in the cavity；Meanwhile being arranged between cathode 3 and anode 4
There is predetermined gap, therefore, the first confined space can be formed using the sealing element, cathode 3 and anode 4；Preferably, described
Caesium steam and/or ba vapour are stored in first confined space.It should be noted that second in the utility model is preferably implemented
In example, metal outer wall 16 is preferably made of refractory metal material, such as tungsten；Warm keeping element 17 is preferably made of asbestos, so as to
Thermal loss is effectively reduced, and then dramatically improves utilization rate of the hot electron power generation component to solar energy.
In second preferred embodiment of the utility model, the concentrating component can be described to being located at by solar light focusing
At light inlet above hot electron power generation component, then exposed on phase transition heat storage element 2 by transparent anode 4 and cathode
3 surface；Meanwhile phase transition heat storage element 2 can absorb the super bandgap photonic in solar radiation, to generate light induced electron, this
A little light induced electrons are diffused to through Brownian movement in cathode 3, at this point, the energy of a part of light induced electron is more than the work function of cathode 3,
And then escaped from the surface of cathode 3, under the action of faint built in field, the electronics escaped from the surface of cathode 3 can be thrown
It is incident upon near anode 4, is absorbed by anode 4, then come back on the fermi level of anode 4, to produce electricl energy.
Those skilled in the art are also understood that, when phase transition heat storage element 2 is in solid-state, and have solar radiation
The case where when, phase transition heat storage element 2 gradually absorb heat so that own temperature gradually rises, meanwhile, the temperature of cathode 3 also can be therewith
It increases.When solar radiation further enhances, solid phase transition heat storage element 2 continues to absorb solar radiation, then through phase transformation
Journey is changed into liquid, maintains the temperature-resistant of itself, and extra heat storage is got up, in order to stabilize the temperature of cathode 3,
And then stablizing for electric energy is maintained to export；When solar radiation weakens, the phase transition heat storage element 2 of liquid is converted into admittedly through phase transition process
State, while releasing heat supply cathode 3, so as to ensure cathode 3 can normal transmission electronics, to effectively avoiding existing thermoelectron
The generating efficiency of power generator is highly susceptible to the problem of intensity of solar radiation influences, and then farthest maintains the steady of electric energy
Fixed output.It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that preferably, cathode 3 is processed by semiconductor growth techniques and is stored up in phase transformation
The surface of thermal element 2 is diffusing to the compound of cathode 3, to have to reduce the light induced electron generated by phase transition heat storage element 2
Effect improves the generating efficiency of the hot electron power generation component, and then effectively maintains the continuity of power generation process.It should be noted that
By taking the heat accumulation duration 8 hours of being averaged daily as an example, the generated energy for being provided with the hot electron power generation device of phase transition heat storage element 2 is not set
Set the generated energy of the hot electron power generation device of phase transition heat storage element 22 times.
Further it will be understood that due to other structures and specific power generation process and first in the second preferred embodiment
It is identical in preferred embodiment, it just repeats no more herein.
Referring next to Fig. 3, which is the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model
For Stirling combined cycle generating unit when structural schematic diagram；It will join below by Stirling of the thermodynamic cycle electrification component
Cogeneration process is illustrated for when closing circulation electric generating apparatus.As shown in figure 3, specifically, the Stirling joint
Circulation electric generating apparatus includes expansion chamber 6, compression chamber 7, cooler 8 and regenerator 9；Wherein, the left end of anode 4 and 9 phase of regenerator
Connection, 4 right end of anode are connected with expansion chamber 6.Preferably, the heat-exchange working medium in the Stirling cycle power generator is helium
Gas, helium can constantly carry out heat exchange with anode 4, and then helium can be in expansion chamber 6, anode 4, regenerator 9, cooler
8 and compression chamber 7 in vibrate back and forth, while constantly inhaling heat release, and then piston is pushed to move back and forth so that external generator is not
It is disconnected to produce electricl energy.Further, the operating pressure of the helium in the Stirling cycle power generator normal pressure to 20Mpa it
Between；When helium flows through anode 4, the temperature of anode 4 is effectively lowered, to dramatically improve hot electron power generation effect
Rate, meanwhile, the temperature of helium itself is promoted, and is then flowed through regenerator 9 and is entered back into cooler 8 and compression chamber 7, to push away
Piston is done work；Preferably, the wall surface temperature of cooler 8 is 50-100 DEG C.Helium after heat release flows back to Zhiyang by regenerator 9
Pole 4, while the piston in expansion chamber 6 being pushed to do work, to produce electricl energy.It should be noted that preferably, entire Stirling follows
The frequency of oscillation of ring is maintained at 25-50Hz.
Referring next to Fig. 4, which is the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model
For Rankine combined cycle generating unit when structural schematic diagram；It will be combined below as Rankine using the thermodynamic cycle electrification component and be followed
Cogeneration process is illustrated for when ring power generator.As shown in figure 4, specifically, the Rankine combined cycle hair
Electric installation includes turbine 10, generator 11, condenser 12 and pump 13.Preferably, the Rankine combined cycle generating unit
Heat-exchange working medium is water vapour, and the heat of the release of anode 4 can be absorbed when water vapor stream is through anode 4, its own temperature is made to improve
To 100-700 DEG C, while its pressure being made to become 3-6Mpa, later, these water vapor streams are through turbine 10, then not by turbine 10
Disconnected acting, so that generator 11 can be produced electricl energy constantly；Finally, these water vapours all flow into condenser 12,
It is final to be condensed into liquid water, and re-entered in the channel to the inner wall formation of anode 4 by pump 13, heat absorption again becomes steaming
Vaporous state to be recycled next time, and then realizes the lasting generation of electric energy.
Finally refering to Fig. 5, which is the thermodynamic cycle electrification component of the solar heat electronics power generator of the utility model
For Bretton combined cycle generating unit when structural schematic diagram；It will join below by Bretton of the thermodynamic cycle electrification component
Cogeneration process is illustrated for when closing circulation electric generating apparatus.As shown in figure 5, specifically, the Bretton joint
Circulation electric generating apparatus includes turbine 10, generator 11, compressor 14 and reheater 15.Preferably, the Bretton combined cycle
Heat-exchange working medium in power generator is air, and the heat of the release of anode 4 can be absorbed when air flows through anode 4, makes its own
Temperature is improved to 400-1000 DEG C, while its pressure ratio being made to become 4-20；The air of high temperature and pressure flows through turbine 10, then by saturating
Flat 10 constantly actings so that generator 11 constantly produces electricl energy；Finally, air enters in compressor 14 and is compressed, and then passes through
Reheater 15 and normal temperature air carry out heat exchange, dissipate farthest to reduce heat, and final air flows back Zhiyang again
In the channel that the inner wall of pole 4 is formed, and heat exchange is carried out again with anode 4, to complete entire cyclic process.
So far, it has been combined attached drawing and describes the technical solution of the utility model, still, those skilled in the art are easy reason
Solution, the scope of protection of the utility model are expressly not limited to these specific implementation modes.Without departing from the utility model
Under the premise of principle, those skilled in the art can make the relevant technologies feature equivalent change or replacement, these change or
Technical solution after replacement is fallen within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device, which is characterized in that including hot electron power generation component and with institute
State the connected heat accumulation component of hot electron power generation component；
The hot electron power generation component can convert solar energy into electrical energy；
The heat accumulation component can convert solar energy into thermal energy storage, and carry out hot friendship with the hot electron power generation component
It changes, in order to stabilize the operating temperature of the hot electron power generation component.
2. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat accumulation component
Including shell and phase transition heat storage element；
The shell is for accommodating the phase transition heat storage element；
The phase transition heat storage element can absorb solar radiation, and generate the photoproduction needed for the hot electron power generation component power generation
Electronics.
3. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the shell is by saturating
Luminescent material is made, so that solar radiation can expose to the phase transition heat storage element by the shell.
4. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the shell includes
Metal outer wall and warm keeping element, to effectively reduce thermal losses.
5. the solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to any one of claim 2-4, which is characterized in that institute
It includes spaced cathode and anode to state hot electron power generation component；
The cathode is connected with the phase transition heat storage element, and the light induced electron that the phase transition heat storage element generates can pass through
The cathode motion is to the anode.
6. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cathode is by half
Conductor material is made；
Fusing point of the fusing point of the semi-conducting material higher than the material of the phase transition heat storage element.
7. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the thermoelectron hair
Electrical component further includes sealing element；
First confined space is formed by the sealing element, the cathode and the anode, and in first confined space
Store caesium steam and/or ba vapour.
8. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the solar energy phase
It further includes thermodynamic cycle electrification component to become heat accumulation hot electron power generation device；
The thermodynamic cycle electrification component is connected with the anode, and the thermodynamic cycle electrification component can convert thermal energy
For electric energy.
9. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the thermodynamic cycle
Electrification component is formed with second space with the anode；
Store heat-exchange working medium in the second space, the thermodynamic cycle electrification component by heat-exchange working medium and the anode into
Row heat exchange；
The thermodynamic cycle electrification component is in Stirling cycle generator, Brayton cycle generator and Rankine cycle generator
At least one.
10. solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the solar energy
Phase-change thermal storage hot electron power generation device further includes concentrating component；
The concentrating component can assemble solar radiation to the phase transition heat storage element；
The concentrating component is at least one of Fresnel optical collector, slot-type optical collector, dish-style concentrator and tower concentrator.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109962644A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device |
| CN111457770A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Hot electron enhanced heat exchange device, heat exchange system and heat exchange method |
-
2017
- 2017-12-22 CN CN201721824097.3U patent/CN207801786U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109962644A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Solar energy phase-change heat storage hot electron power generation device |
| CN109962644B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2023-12-22 | 浙江大学 | Solar phase-change heat-storage hot electron power generation device |
| CN111457770A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Hot electron enhanced heat exchange device, heat exchange system and heat exchange method |
| CN111457770B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江大学 | Hot electron enhanced heat exchange device, heat exchange system and heat exchange method |
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