CN207792815U - A kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system - Google Patents
A kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207792815U CN207792815U CN201820102425.7U CN201820102425U CN207792815U CN 207792815 U CN207792815 U CN 207792815U CN 201820102425 U CN201820102425 U CN 201820102425U CN 207792815 U CN207792815 U CN 207792815U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment systems, SHARON devices including being sequentially connected setting, for being acidified insoluble hydrolysis of organic matter at the hydrolysis acidification device of deliquescent monomer or dimer compound, the A/O devices for carrying out denitrification biological denitrogenation and the ABFT devices for carrying out biochemical denitrification；The water inlet of the SHARON devices is connected to the water outlet of the Demulsification and coagulant device；The SHARON devices include the collecting pit for depositing collection waste water, for nitrify/the ponds SHARON of denitrification for Removing Nitrogen and for the temporary rear reservoir for denitrogenating waste water；The SHARON intake pumps for water pumping are connected between the collecting pit and the ponds SHARON；It is connected with the overflow pipe flowed out convenient for supernatant between the top in the ponds SHARON and the rear reservoir, there is the solenoid valve of control overflow pipe break-make on the overflow pipe.The utility model, which has, is not necessarily to jet-flow aeration and biomembrane, and simple for process, treatment effect is preferable, the advantages that advantageously reducing operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to kitchen garbage processing technology fields, in particular to a kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment
System.
Background technology
Kitchen garbage, waste-water is mainly derived from the moisture that aqueous in kitchen garbage itself and rubbish generates during the fermentation,
The complicated component of kitchen waste water, high organic content, mainly have food fiber, starch, fat, animals and plants oil, all kinds of condiments,
Detergent and protein etc..Since the aliphatic acid that kitchen garbage resolves under pyrohydrolysis effect is not degraded further, make production
The COD mass concentrations of raw waste water increase, and have abundant protein in kitchen garbage solid content, and protein is in digestion process quilt
Ammonification causes kitchen garbage, waste-water to have high-caliber ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen concentration, causes carbon-nitrogen ratio relatively low, not only to anaerobic digestion
Have an impact, the processing of follow-up wastewater biochemical is also affected.Due to the inhibiting effect of high ammonia nitrogen, biochemical treatment has compared with disaster
Degree.
Processing kitchen garbage, waste-water generally uses A/O+ hyperfiltration treatment techniques at present, and process sludge concentration is high, when stop
Between it is short, stability is good, but due to using jet-flow aeration and ultra-filtration water, operating cost is very high.
Utility model content
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is：How a kind of nothing is provided
Jet-flow aeration and biomembrane are needed, simple for process, treatment effect is preferable, and the kitchen garbage, waste-water for advantageously reducing operating cost is biochemical
Processing system.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model uses the following technical solution：
A kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system, which is characterized in that including being sequentially connected the short for carrying out of setting
The SHARON devices of journey denitrogenation, for being acidified insoluble hydrolysis of organic matter at deliquescent monomer or the water of dimer compound
Solve acidizing device, the A/O devices for carrying out denitrification biological denitrogenation and the ABFT devices for carrying out biochemical denitrification；It is described
The water inlet of SHARON devices is connected to the water outlet of the Demulsification and coagulant device；The SHARON devices include useless for depositing collection
The collecting pit of water, for nitrify/the ponds SHARON of denitrification for Removing Nitrogen and for the temporary rear reservoir for denitrogenating waste water；It is described
The SHARON intake pumps for water pumping are connected between collecting pit and the ponds SHARON；The top in the ponds SHARON with it is described
The overflow pipe flowed out convenient for supernatant is connected between reservoir afterwards, there is the electromagnetism of control overflow pipe break-make on the overflow pipe
Valve.
Further, temperature sensor and heating device are additionally provided in the ponds SHARON.
Due under the conditions of waste water temperature is higher, dissolved oxygen is lower, being grown using Nitrosomas and the different of nitrifier
The slower Nitromonas of growth rate is washed away, Nitrosomas is made largely to accumulate by controlling hydraulic detention time by speed, can be with
Make short distance nitration successful operation., can be by the waste water temperature in the real-time monitoring pool of temperature sensor in above structure, and energy
Enough waste water is heated using heating device, ensures that waste water is maintained in the optimum temperature range of SHARON techniques, improves nitre
The efficiency of change/denitrification for Removing Nitrogen.
Further, the heating device is the vapor heating tube being arranged in the ponds SHARON, the vapor
Heating tube is connected to the jet chimney of kitchen garbage fermentation plant by solenoid valve.
Since kitchen garbage, waste-water is mainly derived from what aqueous in kitchen garbage itself and rubbish generated during the fermentation
Moisture, and in the rubbish fermentation stage, vapor usually is generated using the biogas combustion boiler that fermentation generates, then be transported to fermentation system
System carries out heating and thermal insulation, improves the efficiency of fermentation.In above structure, using vapor heating tube, so that it may to make full use of front and continued
The vapor generated in technique improves the energy recovery rate in garbage processing procedure, reduces the cost input of garbage disposal.
Further, it is additionally provided with insulating layer outside the ponds SHARON.
In this way, can prevent the waste water heat in the ponds SHARON from distributing too quickly, reduces and heat consumed energy, to
Advantageously reduce cost.
Further, the first aerator for intermittent aerating is additionally provided in the ponds SHARON.
In this way, the waste water in the ponds SHARON can be made to be in lower dissolved oxygen content always by intermittent aerating, have
Conducive to the operation of short distance nitration.
Further, the A/O devices include denitrification pond, nitrification tank and secondary settling tank, the water outlet in the denitrification pond
It is connected to the water inlet of the nitrification tank, there is the first refluxing opening for being connected to the denitrification pond on the nitrification tank, it is described
The water outlet of nitrification tank is connected to the secondary settling tank, and the bottom of the secondary settling tank has the second refluxing opening for returned sludge,
Second refluxing opening is connected to the denitrification pond.
Denitrification pond is anaerobic condition, and water outlet flows automatically to nitrification tank, and a large amount of microorganism (activated sludge) exists in nitrification tank
It is come into full contact with matrix (labile organic compound etc. in waste water) in pond, the oxidation of carbonaceous organic material, itrogenous organic substance occurs
The nitrification of ammonification and ammonia nitrogen.Nitrification tank mixed-liquor return is to denitrification pond, the NO in backflow mixed liquor3Works of-the N in denitrifying bacterium
The lower carbonaceous organic material using in raw wastewater is used to carry out anti-nitration reaction in denitrification pond as carbon source material.Secondary settling tank is to nitre
Change pond water outlet and carry out mud-water separation, base sludge returns to denitrification pond, increases entire A/O biological reaction pools sludge concentration, improves
Nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency.
Further, it is provided with diving mixer in the denitrification pond.
In this way, the waste water of inflow and backflow mixed liquor can be sufficiently mixed using blender, convenient for denitrifying bacterium into
Row anti-nitration reaction is conducive to the efficiency for improving processing.
Further, it is provided with the second aerator in the nitrification tank.
In this way, the oxygen content in nitrification tank can be increased so that microorganism can fill with the labile organic compound in waste water
Tap is touched, and the nitrification of the oxidation of carbonaceous organic material, the ammonification of itrogenous organic substance and ammonia nitrogen occurs.Improve the efficiency of nitration reaction.
Further, the ABFT devices include the ponds ABFT for carrying out biochemical denitrification, for carrying out mud-water separation
The clear water reserviors of final deposition pool and supernatant for keeping in final deposition pool, the bottom of the final deposition pool have for sludge reflux
Three refluxing openings, the third refluxing opening are connected to the ponds ABFT, and the upper end of the final deposition pool has for supernatant overflow
Liquid outlet, the liquid outlet are connected to the clear water reserviors.
Using the above structure, final deposition pool, which is discharged the ponds ABFT, carries out mud-water separation, and base sludge returns to the ponds ABFT front end, increases
Add the ponds ABFT sludge concentration, improves nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency；Final deposition pool supernatant is flow in clear water reserviors certainly, is after up to standard
It can arrange outside.
Further, the ponds ABFT have spaced two anoxic zones and two aerobic zones successively, the anoxic
It is both provided with net type wide aperture filler in area and aerobic zone, a large amount of biomembranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached on the filler；
Third aerator is additionally provided in the aerobic zone.
Using the above structure, it is in suspended state that a large amount of biomembranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached on filler in water,
It is aerated in reactor bottom and filler fluid dynamic and reaction oxygen consumption is provided, when sewage is through filler surface biological film, with pollution factor
Abundant mass transfer carries out aerobic degradation and nitration reaction, in anoxic unit, and realizes anti-nitration reaction.
In conclusion the utility model, which has, is not necessarily to jet-flow aeration and biomembrane, simple for process, treatment effect is preferable, has
The advantages that conducive to operating cost is reduced.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the non-embrane method processing system of kitchen garbage, waste-water.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of pretreatment system in Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.
When specific implementation：As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the non-embrane method processing system of a kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water, including be used for useless
The pretreatment system 1 that suspended matter, vegetable and animals oils and part COD in water are removed, and for being carried out at denitrogenation to waste water
The biochemical treatment system 2 of reason；The pretreatment system 1 includes Demulsification and coagulant device 11；The biochemical treatment system 2 includes successively
The SHARON devices 21 for carrying out short-cut denitrification of connection setting, for being acidified insoluble hydrolysis of organic matter at deliquescent
It the hydrolysis acidification device 22 of monomer or dimer compound, the A/O devices 23 for carrying out denitrification biological denitrogenation and is used for
Carry out the ABFT devices 24 of biochemical denitrification；The water inlet of the SHARON devices 21 is connected to going out for the Demulsification and coagulant device 11
The mouth of a river.
Due to, containing a large amount of (light oil) vegetable oil, animal oil (butter, lard) and suspended matter, giving up in kitchen garbage, waste-water
After water enters Demulsification and coagulant device, the oil emulsion in waste water and dispersed oil de- steady, demulsification are made under the action of demulsifier, realizes oil
Water detaches, de- to the charge neutrality of colloidal particle, hydrophily pollutant in sewage then by the effect of coagulant and flocculation aid
Surely, agglomerate, the flocculation of hydrophobic organic compound and small suspended matter forms macroscopic alumen ustum, then by gravitational settling or
Molten gas, which floats, realizes mud-water separation, to remove COD, BOD, SS, coloration, heavy metal element etc. in water removal.By pretreated waste water
After flowing into SHARON devices, the ammonia in water is converted to NO by the nitrococcus in SHARON devices2- N then directly carries out anti-nitre
Change and realize short-cut nitrification and denitrification, reaches and quickly denitrogenate.Waste water after denitrogenating enters hydrolysis acidification device, is issued in anaerobic environment
Macromolecular organic matter difficult to degrade in part is resolved into the degradable organic matter of small molecule by unboiled water solution acidification reaction, is subsequent bio
Denitrification process provides carbon source, reduces the dosage of carbon source, advantageously reduces cost.Hydrolysis acidification device water outlet is filled from A/O is flow to
Set nitrify/anti-nitration reaction after flow to ABFT devices, the biochemical denitrification in ABFT devices is final up to standard to be discharged.
Above system is without jet-flow aeration and biomembrane, you can reaches wastewater discharge standard, operating cost is relatively low.
When implementation, the pretreatment system 1 further includes the oil partiting precipitation pool being arranged in 11 front end of Demulsification and coagulant device
12, the grid 121 for filtering bulky grain solid contaminant is provided in the oil partiting precipitation pool 12.
Using the above structure, after kitchen waste water flows into oil partiting precipitation pool, by grid so that grain size is more than grid aperture
Solid contaminant is blocked, wherein including a large amount of oil emulsion and dispersed oil, so as to mitigate subsequent Demulsification and coagulant device
Workload, reduce demulsifier, coagulant and flocculation aid dosage, reduce cost.
When implementation, the grid is provided with three according to 121 times, and the aperture of grid described in three is gradual along the direction of water inlet
Reduce.
The grid being gradually reduced using three apertures can successively pollute larger, medium and smaller solid-state
Object is filtered, avoid sewage block grid, be conducive to waste water quickly through oil partiting precipitation pool, improve the efficiency of processing.
There is polylith to be mutually parallel spaced deflector 122, the water conservancy diversion when implementation, in the oil partiting precipitation pool 12
One end of plate 122 is fixed on the inner wall of the oil partiting precipitation pool 12, between the other end and the inner wall of the oil partiting precipitation pool 12
It is separated by form flow channels, the flow channels on adjacent two pieces of deflectors are located at the two of the deflector length direction
Side makes to form S-shaped runner in the oil partiting precipitation pool 12.
Using the above structure, longer runner can be formed in the oil partiting precipitation pool of finite length, convenient in waste water
Little particle solid contaminant has time enough to be deposited to bottom of pond, to mitigate the live load of grid, reduces grid cleaning more
The frequency changed is conducive to the service life for improving grid.
When implementation, also there is the oil baffle 123 being laterally arranged, the oil baffle 123 in the oil partiting precipitation pool 12
Upper end be higher by liquid level, lower end is located at below liquid level, and has ebb interval with bottom of pond；The oil baffle 123 is located at described
121 front of grid.
In this way, can stop the floating material of the water surface using oil baffle, mitigate the live load of follow-up grid, reduces grid
The frequency replaced is cleared up, the service life for improving grid is conducive to.
When implementation, the Demulsification and coagulant device 11 includes for handling the flotation tank 111 of waste water, for storing demulsifier
Demulsifier pond 112, the coagulant pond 113 for storing coagulant and the flocculation aid pond 114 for storing flocculation aid；The demulsification
Agent pond 112, coagulant pond 113 and flocculation aid pond 114 are connected to the flotation tank 111, the flotation tank by dosing pump respectively
The gas agitating apparatus for stirring is provided in 111, the gas agitating apparatus is connected to air source by the way that valvular pipeline is arranged.
Using the above structure, so that it may with added respectively into flotation tank using dosing pump suitable demulsifier, coagulant and
Flocculation aid, while being stirred using gas agitating apparatus, make medicament and the quick hybrid reaction of sewage, forms flock.
When implementation, the SHARON devices 21 include the collecting pit 211 for depositing collection waste water, for nitrify/anti-nitre
Eliminate the ponds SHARON 212 of nitrogen and for the temporary rear reservoir 213 for denitrogenating waste water；The collecting pit 211 and SHARON
The SHARON intake pumps for water pumping are connected between pond 212；The top in the ponds SHARON 212 with it is described after reservoir 213 it
Between be connected with the overflow pipe flowed out convenient for supernatant, there is the solenoid valve of control overflow pipe break-make on the overflow pipe.
Using the above structure, waste water is collected after demulsification air supporting removes the vegetable and animals oils carried in waste water, suspended matter to receipts
Collect in pond, then running program by SHARON by SHARON intake pumps squeezes into the ponds SHARON.In the ponds SHARON, certain
Under pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen conditions, ammonia is converted to NO by nitrococcus2- N then directly carries out denitrification, realizes short distance nitration
Denitrification achievees the purpose that quickly to denitrogenate.In the ponds SHARON, organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in waste water will be degraded by microorganisms removal
(being divided into two stages of nitrification and denitrification), for the supernatant after precipitation by solenoid valve time control, gravity flow enters rear reservoir.
When implementation, temperature sensor and heating device are additionally provided in the ponds SHARON 212.
Due under the conditions of waste water temperature is higher, dissolved oxygen is lower, being grown using Nitrosomas and the different of nitrifier
The slower Nitromonas of growth rate is washed away, Nitrosomas is made largely to accumulate by controlling hydraulic detention time by speed, can be with
Make short distance nitration successful operation., can be by the waste water temperature in the real-time monitoring pool of temperature sensor in above structure, and energy
Enough waste water is heated using heating device, ensures that waste water is maintained in the optimum temperature range of SHARON techniques, improves nitre
The efficiency of change/denitrification for Removing Nitrogen.
When implementation, the heating device is the vapor heating tube being arranged in the ponds SHARON 212, the vapor
Heating tube is connected to the jet chimney of kitchen garbage fermentation plant by solenoid valve.
Since kitchen garbage, waste-water is mainly derived from what aqueous in kitchen garbage itself and rubbish generated during the fermentation
Moisture, and in the rubbish fermentation stage, vapor usually is generated using the biogas combustion boiler that fermentation generates, then be transported to fermentation system
System carries out heating and thermal insulation, improves the efficiency of fermentation.In above structure, using vapor heating tube, so that it may to make full use of front and continued
The vapor generated in technique improves the energy recovery rate in garbage processing procedure, reduces the cost input of garbage disposal.
When implementation, insulating layer is additionally provided with outside the ponds SHARON 212.
In this way, can prevent the waste water heat in the ponds SHARON from distributing too quickly, reduces and heat consumed energy, to
Advantageously reduce cost.
When implementation, the first aerator for intermittent aerating is additionally provided in the ponds SHARON 212.
In this way, the waste water in the ponds SHARON can be made to be in lower dissolved oxygen content always by intermittent aerating, have
Conducive to the operation of short distance nitration.
When implementation, the A/O devices 23 include denitrification pond 231, nitrification tank 232 and secondary settling tank 233, the denitrification pond
231 water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the nitrification tank 232, has on the nitrification tank 232 and is connected to the denitrification pond
The water outlet of 231 the first refluxing opening, the nitrification tank 232 is connected to the secondary settling tank 233, the bottom of the secondary settling tank 233
With the second refluxing opening for returned sludge, second refluxing opening is connected to the denitrification pond 231.
Denitrification pond is anaerobic condition, and water outlet flows automatically to nitrification tank, and a large amount of microorganism (activated sludge) exists in nitrification tank
It is come into full contact with matrix (labile organic compound etc. in waste water) in pond, the oxidation of carbonaceous organic material, itrogenous organic substance occurs
The nitrification of ammonification and ammonia nitrogen.Nitrification tank mixed-liquor return is to denitrification pond, the NO in backflow mixed liquor3Works of-the N in denitrifying bacterium
The lower carbonaceous organic material using in raw wastewater is used to carry out anti-nitration reaction in denitrification pond as carbon source material.Secondary settling tank is to nitre
Change pond water outlet and carry out mud-water separation, base sludge returns to denitrification pond, increases entire A/O biological reaction pools sludge concentration, improves
Nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency.
When implementation, diving mixer is provided in the denitrification pond 231.
In this way, the waste water of inflow and backflow mixed liquor can be sufficiently mixed using blender, convenient for denitrifying bacterium into
Row anti-nitration reaction is conducive to the efficiency for improving processing.
When implementation, the second aerator is provided in the nitrification tank 232.
In this way, the oxygen content in nitrification tank can be increased so that microorganism can fill with the labile organic compound in waste water
Tap is touched, and the nitrification of the oxidation of carbonaceous organic material, the ammonification of itrogenous organic substance and ammonia nitrogen occurs.Improve the efficiency of nitration reaction.
When implementation, the ABFT devices 24 include the ponds ABFT 241 for carrying out biochemical denitrification, for carrying out mud-water separation
Final deposition pool 242 and supernatant for keeping in final deposition pool clear water reserviors 243, the bottom of the final deposition pool 242, which has, to be used for
The third refluxing opening of sludge reflux, the third refluxing opening are connected to the ponds ABFT 241, the upper end tool of the final deposition pool 242
It is useful for the liquid outlet of supernatant overflow, the liquid outlet is connected to the clear water reserviors 243.
Using the above structure, final deposition pool, which is discharged the ponds ABFT, carries out mud-water separation, and base sludge returns to the ponds ABFT front end, increases
Add the ponds ABFT sludge concentration, improves nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency；Final deposition pool supernatant is flow in clear water reserviors certainly, is after up to standard
It can arrange outside.
When implementation, the ponds ABFT 241 have spaced two anoxic zones and two aerobic zones successively, the anoxic
It is both provided with net type wide aperture filler in area and aerobic zone, a large amount of biomembranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached on the filler；
Third aerator is additionally provided in the aerobic zone.
Using the above structure, it is in suspended state that a large amount of biomembranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached on filler in water,
It is aerated in reactor bottom and filler fluid dynamic and reaction oxygen consumption is provided, when sewage is through filler surface biological film, with pollution factor
Abundant mass transfer carries out aerobic degradation and nitration reaction, in anoxic unit, and realizes anti-nitration reaction.
When being detected when specific implementation：
It is taken to sewage plant oil partiting precipitation pool and is discharged with water, the waste water is through the animals and plants carried in air supporting removal waste water that are demulsified
It is collected to SHARON device collecting pits after oil, suspended matter.Waste water is pressed by SHARON intake pumps in SHARON device collecting pits
SHARON operations program squeezes into waste water in the ponds SHARON.SHARON devices are by collecting pit, the ponds SHARON and rear reservoir three parts
It constitutes.
In the ponds SHARON, under certain pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen conditions, nitrococcus has ammonia very high removal rate, will
Ammonia is converted to NO2-N.SHARON is to control nitrifying process in NO2- N the stages and terminate, then directly carry out denitrification, realization
Short-cut nitrification and denitrification achievees the purpose that quickly to denitrogenate.The SHARON methods of operation are sequencing batch operation mode (the operation sides SBR
Formula), in the ponds SHARON, the removal that will be degraded by microorganisms of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in waste water (is divided into nitrification and denitrification two
Stage), for the supernatant after precipitation by solenoid valve time control, gravity flow enters rear reservoir, and the waste water in rear reservoir passes through water
Solution intake pump squeezes into waste water in hydrolysis device.
Hydrolysis device creates certain anaerobic environment to waste water, and hydrolysis acidification reaction occurs, only occurs in this course
Macromolecular organic matter difficult to degrade in part is only resolved into the degradable organic matter of small molecule, is by the primary stage of anaerobism
Subsequent bio denitrification process provides carbon source, reduces the dosage of carbon source.
From A/O devices are flow to, A/O devices are made of denitrification pond, nitrification tank and secondary settling tank three parts for hydrolysis device water outlet.
Denitrification pond is anaerobic condition, interior to be equipped with diving mixer, and water outlet flows automatically to nitrification tank.Aeration is equipped in nitrification tank
System, a large amount of microorganism (activated sludge) come into full contact in pond with matrix (labile organic compound etc. in waste water), occur
The nitrification of the oxidation of carbonaceous organic material, the ammonification of itrogenous organic substance and ammonia nitrogen.Nitrification tank mixed-liquor return flows back to denitrification pond
NO in mixed liquor3- N is under the action of denitrifying bacterium using the carbonaceous organic material in raw wastewater as carbon source material in denitrification
Anti-nitration reaction is carried out in pond.
Secondary settling tank, which is discharged nitrification tank, carries out mud-water separation, and base sludge returns to denitrification pond, and it is anti-to increase entire A/O biologies
Pond sludge concentration is answered, nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency are improved；Second pond supernatant is flow in ABFT devices certainly.
The ponds ABFT are divided into 4 lattice, are divided into and are followed successively by anoxic zone, aerobic zone, anoxic zone, aerobic zone, are equipped with net type wide aperture and fill out
Material.It is in suspended state that a large amount of biomembranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached on filler in water, is carried in reactor bottom aeration
For filler fluid dynamic and reaction oxygen consumption, with the abundant mass transfer of pollution factor, aerobic drop is carried out when sewage is through filler surface biological film
Solution and nitration reaction in anoxic unit, and realize anti-nitration reaction.
Final deposition pool, which is discharged the ponds ABFT, carries out mud-water separation, and base sludge returns to the ponds ABFT front end, increases the ponds ABFT sludge
Concentration improves nitrification, anti-nitration reaction efficiency；Final deposition pool supernatant can be arranged from flowing in clear water reserviors after up to standard outside.
One, pretreating process：
Since kitchen garbage, waste-water contains in (light oil) vegetable oil, animal oil (butter, lard) and waste water containing a large amount of
Suspended matter must must be demulsified through coagulation air-float, oil emulsion, dispersed oil.Therefore the Wastewater Pretreatment uses Demulsification and coagulant air supporting
Technique and the Wastewater Pretreatment most efficient method.
The dominant mechanism for detaching oil emulsion in waste water is that it is made to lose emulsion stability, is exactly so-called demulsification.Commonization
It is that chemical reagent is added into waste water to learn demulsification method, makes the de- steady, demulsification of emulsion by chemical action, realizes the mesh of water-oil separating
's.
Coagulation is that the charge neutrality to colloidal particle, hydrophily pollutant in sewage is de- steady, cohesion, hydrophobic organic compound and
Above-mentioned microcosmic particle is formed macroscopic alumen ustum by the flocculation of small suspended matter, is then floated by gravitational settling or molten gas
Mud-water separation is realized, to remove COD, BOD, SS, coloration, heavy metal element etc. in water removal.Coagulation technology and air supporting or depositing technology
Combination technique it is ripe, high treating effect has very extensive application in field of waste water treatment.
Generally, we will make micelle de- steady and the medicament that agglomerates is known as coagulant, and the medicine that will promote coagulation effect
Agent is known as flocculant or flocculation aid, and flocculation aid is unable to complete independently coagulation.Common inorganic coagulant has aluminium salt and iron
Salt, such as aluminium polychloride (PAC), polyiron sulfate (PFS), polyaluminium sulfate (PAS), ferric trichloride, organic polymer flocculation
Agent has polyacrylamide (PAM) etc..According to the sub- kitchen garbage factory Sewage Disposal operating condition of existing black stone and engineering experience, originally
Experiment uses demulsifier for FeCL3, coagulant PAC, flocculation aid is PAM (cationic).
Added amount of chemical is tested
Water sample source
This pretreatment coagulation test water sample is derived from the water outlet of kitchen waste sewage treating stations oil separator.Measure the water sample
COD6310mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 1410mg/L, vegetable and animals oils 316mg/L, SS3455mg/L, vegetable and animals oils 415mg/L.
Test medicine
This demulsifier is FeCL3, coagulant PAC, flocculation aid is PAM (cationic).
Test method
Experiment carries out coagulation test research using static beaker experiments, to the water sample.It takes 1L water samples in beaker, stirs water
After sample mixing, demulsifier is put into, after stirring 5min, PAC is added, PAM is added after being stirred for 5min, quickly after stirring 2min at a slow speed
Stir 10min, after standing 30min, take supernatant to survey COD, SS, vegetable and animals oils and analyzed, by the removal rate of each index come
Determine medicament optimum dosage.
Orthogonal test
The selection of factor：Pass through single factor experiment, it has been found that demulsifier dosage, PAC are added in numerous influence factors
Amount influences flocculating effect with PAM dosages important, therefore it is three factors for orthogonal test that this experiment selection is above-mentioned
The factor.
Horizontal selection：To the respectively horizontal selection of above three factor, the horizontal choosing according to each factor of single factor experiment
It is set to 3, adding of agent range when level being made to cover existing project treatment kitchen waste water as possible.
Factor level table：This experiment selects above three factor, each factor to select 3 levels, carries out orthogonal test, because
Plain water-glass is shown in Table 4-1.
Test evaluation index：The coagulating treatment effectiveness indicator of this experiment is COD removal rates, and SS removal rates and vegetable and animals oils are gone
Except rate.
Table 4-1 orthogonal tests factor and water-glass
Test result
Demulsifier, PAC and the orthogonal coagulation test results of PAM and the intuitive analysis result carried out according to test result are shown in Table 4-
2 and 4-3.
Table 4-2 orthogonal experiments
The intuitive analysis result tables of table 4-3
By very poor R values in table 4-3 it is found that preferably horizontal selection is obviously A3B2C3, i.e. FeCL3Optimum dosage is
2g/L, coagulant PAC optimum dosages are 1g/L, and it is 0.1g/L that flocculation aid PAM optimum dosages, which are PAM,.
Air supporting test method
Qing Dynasty's water is inscribed in air-floating apparatus, opens air-floating apparatus, adjustment air-floating apparatus is in best molten gaseity.
Open intake pump (water intaking from oil separator be discharged), dosing pump (including demulsifier dosing pump, PAC dosing pumps and PAM
Dosing pump), adjustment inflow maintains 1m3/ h or so, while adjusting separately demulsifier FeCL3Dosage is 2g/L, coagulant
PAC dosages are 1g/L, and flocculation aid PAM dosages are 0.1g/L.Gas agitating valve is adjusted simultaneously, ensures that medicament and sewage are quick
Hybrid reaction, but should not be too large, avoid the flco generated from being stirred scattered.
Wait for that air-floating apparatus is stable, about after half an hour, the clear water being previously joined has substantially flowed out, and takes into coagulation device
Preceding raw water is discharged monitoring data with air supporting.
Table 4-4 is Demulsification and coagulant air-floating apparatus under the identical operating mode of different periods to the removal situation of COD, SS, animals and plants.
Table 4-4 Demulsification and coagulant air supporting pilot scale monitoring data
In experiment, air supporting water outlet becomes mud color, grainless suspended matter by former black.From table 4-4 to see, demulsification,
Coagulation air-float is 10.12~14.47% to the removal rate of COD, and removal effect is more stable, average removal rate 12.35%；It is right
The removal rate of SS is 96.99~98.5%, average removal rate 97.72%；To the removal rates of vegetable and animals oils be 84.66~
93.2%, average removal rate 91.68%.
Air-floating apparatus FeCL3Dosage is 2g/L, and coagulant PAC dosages are 1g/L, and flocculation aid PAM dosages are
0.1g/L。FeCL32.5 yuan/kg is pressed by 4 yuan/kg, PAC, PAM presses 15 yuan/kg, and coagulation air-float treatment agent cost is 12 yuan/m3。
Pilot scale pretreatment section installed power 2.59kw, runs 4h daily, and daily power consumption is 9kwh (air supporting air compressor machine intervals
Operation).Based on 0.8 yuan/kwh, the pretreatment section unit electricity charge are 1.44 yuan/m for the electricity charge3.Pretreatment section total operating cost is
13.44 member/m3。
After demulsification, coagulation air-float, turbidity of wastewater is obviously improved, and SS and vegetable and animals oils have substantially achieved discharge standard.
It is the feasible of row that Demulsification and coagulant air-float technology is used for kitchen garbage, waste-water, after oil removal.
Two, biochemical processing process
1) SHARON techniques
SHARON techniques are based on the ammoxidation reaction caused by nitrite bacteria and the nitrite caused by denitrifying bacteria
Reduction reaction and the short-cut denitrification technique developed.For biological denitrificaion, " the NO in nitrifying process2Arrive NO3" being to be walked one section more
Distance, it is saved from technique can equally realize denitrogenation of waste water.According to this thought, Dutch Delft polytechnical universities in
It proposes within 1997 and successfully develops SAHRON techniques.
SHARON techniques are typically characterised by：
Short distance nitration, which is placed on short-cut denitrification in a reactor, to be implemented, and technological process is shorter；
Structure of reactor is simple；
Operation temperature is higher, and treatment effect is preferable；
Regulate and control acid-base value by means of denitrification, without adding alkali neutralization.
The Microbiological Principle of short-cut nitrification technology be mainly using nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria substrate specificity,
Doubling time otherness grows the difference according to lazyness etc. to substrate concentration to realize.The anti-nitre of SHARON short distance nitrations
Change has the following advantages compared with complete nitrification and denitrification：
Two stages of nitrification and denitrification complete in same reactor, can be with simple flow；
The acidity that nitrification generates can partly have the alkali neutralization that denitrification generates；
Hydraulic detention time (HRT) can be shortened, reduce reactor volume and floor space；
The additional carbon that denitrification process needs can be saved, by taking methanol as an example, NO2-Denitrification ratio NO3-Denitrification can save
Save carbon source 40%；
Air demand 25% or so can be saved, power consumption is saved；
Sludge quantity reduces 50%.
Therefore, it is whole process that SHARON short distance nitrations have significant advantage, figure below for the denitrogenation of waste water processing of low-carbon high-nitrogen
The comparison of nitration denitrification and short-cut nitrification and denitrification.
Realize that the key of short distance nitration is to realize NO in the nitrification stage2The accumulation of-N, the operation temperatures of SHARON techniques with
30~35oC is advisable, and pH value controls the inhibition range of Nitrosomas according to free ammonia, Dissolved Oxygen concentration Control 1.0~
1.5mg/L ranges support mode to use intermittent aerating.The concentration of free ammonia regulation and control are conducive within the scope of 5~10mg/L in matrix
Realize short distance nitration, sludge is by (in terms of VSS) ammonia load for 0.02~0.07kg/ (kg.d), and sludge age was at 1~2.5 day.Largely
Experiment shows under the conditions of waste water temperature is higher, DO is relatively low, using the different speeds of growth of Nitrosomas and nitrifier, to pass through
Hydraulic detention time is controlled, the slower Nitromonas of growth rate is washed away, Nitrosomas is made largely to accumulate, short distance nitration can be made
Successful operation.
Short-cut nitrification technology is also mostly in the laboratory research stage at present, is applied to extensive running example and is not much,
Kitchen garbage, waste-water is especially applied to, in SHARON techniques, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) are strictly controlled.Specially using this
The Liang Zuo wastewater biological denitrificaions treatment plant of sharp technique builds up in Holland, it was demonstrated that the denitrifying feasibility of short distance nitration-.But
This technology utilization higher feature of digested sludge digestive juice self-temperature realizes short distance nitration, this is for most of municipal works
For as having little significance because a large amount of water will heat up, keep the temperature and be difficult to realize at 30~40 DEG C.But for inflow temperature itself compared with
High high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater biological denitrificaion processing has important realistic meaning, and (biogas slurry uses hot fermentation, fermentation tank that biogas slurry temperature is discharged
Degree is at 50 DEG C or so).
This experiment SHARON methods carry out in a simple oxygenic reaction device, using similar UBR sequencing batch operation modes,
It is divided into the period treatment mode that aeration nitrification, anoxic denitrification, precipitation, row's 4 steps of supernatant are constituted.
2) hydrolysis acidification technique
Hydrolysis acidification is the biodegradation process under facultative conditions, some complicated insoluble organic matters (including it is poly-
Close object) simple deliquescent monomer or dimer compound are converted into Hydrolysis Acidification, as starch in water body quilt
It is hydrolyzed to glucose, protein is hydrolyzed to dipeptides or amino acid etc..After hydrolysis occurs, the polarity of organic molecule and molten
Xie Du etc. can change, and have good facilitation to subsequent biochemical treatment, while Hydrolysis Acidification also has COD
Certain removal rate.
This experiment hydrolysis acidification total hrt is 52h, and continuous operation carries out under conditions of anoxic.
3) A/O nitration denitrifications technique
The denitrification reactor of anoxic is arranged in aerobic reactor A/O methods (anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process) flow
Front, therefore it is commonly referred to as " forward type denitrification biological denitrogenation system ", when waste water needs organics removal simultaneously and denitrogenation,
The technique is in Practical Project using a kind of more classical technique.
Denitrification refers under anaerobic or hypoxia condition, and nitric nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen are converted by micro-reduction
For molecular nitrogen (N2) process.The microorganism for participating in this effect is denitrifying bacteria, this is that the facultative of a kind of heterotroph is detested
Oxygen bacterium, their under conditions of anoxic (DO is less than 0.5mg/L), are electron donor, N0 using organic carbon source3-- N is as electricity
Sub- receptor, carries out denitrification while degradation of organic substances, reaction process can tabular form be：
NO2 -+ 3H (electron donor) → 0.5N2+H2O+OH-
NO3 -+ 5H (electron donor) → 0.5N2+H2O+OH-
Denitrification process may be summarized to be：
NO3-→NO2-→NO→N2O→N2
A/O methods are mainly characterized by denitrification reactor (anoxic pond) and are arranged in the front end of flow, and remove COD, carry out nitre
The synthesis aerobic reactor (aerobic tank) for changing reaction is then arranged in the rear end of flow, and raw sewage sequentially enters anoxic pond and aerobic tank
And sedimentation basin, while by the sludge reflux of the mixed liquor of aerobic tank and sedimentation basin to anoxic pond, therefore, realizing that denitrification is anti-
At once the organic matter in raw sewage can be utilized directly as organic carbon source, contain nitric acid by what is be back to from aerobic reactor
Nitrate denitrification in the mixed liquor of salt becomes nitrogen.The basicity generated due to anti-nitration reaction in denitrification reactor
Aerobic nitrification reactor can be entered with water outlet, compensate the half or so of required consumption basicity during nitration reaction.Aerobic
Nitrator is arranged in the rear end of flow, and the remaining organic matter of denitrification process can also be enable further to remove.
4) ABFT techniques
Aeration biological fluidization pool Aeration biological fluidized tank (abbreviation ABFT) technique is in recent years
A kind of sewage disposal technology of emerging biochemical process denitrogenation.The process synthesis medium fluidization, absorption and Biochemical processes,
It is complex on operation mechanism, but operational management is convenient, easy to operate.Especially physical-chemical process is combined with bioanalysis, together
When taken into account the strong point of activated sludge process, biofilm and immobilized microorganism technique, therefore increasingly by field of water treatment
Attention.
Efficient micro- life of aeration tank dischargeable capacity 40%~60% is accounted for by being added in aeration biological fluidization pool (ABFT)
Object carrier makes microorganism largely adhere to and be fixed thereon, and ABFT techniques are actually comprehensive traditional activated sludge process and biology
Double bioreactor effluent treatment process of embrane method advantage.In the ponds ABFT at different levels, by cultivating different special efficacy dominant bacterias step by step,
Improve the degradation effect of target contaminant；Microorganism adsorption after surviving on carrier, microorganism after absorption it is not easily to fall off and
It is lost in, the biomass of high load ensure that the high efficiency and stability of ABFT techniques removal pollutant.
Process characteristic
As a kind of Novel sewage treatment process efficiently, stable, ABFT has the characteristics that：
Denitrification effect is good.Microorganism adsorption is on carrier, and under aerobic condition, carrier surface is attached with more nitrification
Bacterium, while under anoxia condition, carrier surface is attached with more denitrifying bacterium, sludge age is all up 60 days or more, is had good
Denitrification effect.
It is small to handle load height, floor space.
Classification is handled.In ABFT technique Pool body designs often based on small lattice multistage.With successively decreasing for water pollutant concentration,
Convenient for the microorganism dominant microflora in different pond In vivo cultures suitable for the pool environment, while convenient for being adjusted to its external environment
Whole and control, improves treatment effeciency.
Modularization management.It, can be by ABFT when production technology is limited by seasonality or follow-up equipment maintenance needs to stop
Biochemical process suspend mode, to reduce operating cost；When reusing, ABFT can start rapidly in the biochemical system short time.
Sludge bulking is not generated, sludge yield is small.Microorganism on bio-carrier in addition to fungi, der Pilz and zoogloea,
Also there are many protozoans and metazoa of predation bacterium, form stable food chain, thus the sludge quantity generated is small, no
Long-living sludge bulking, is easily managed.
Effluent quality is good and stablizes.Compared with the techniques such as contact oxidation method, biofilm, BAF, ABFT process operations are steady
Fixed, effluent quality is good and stablizes.Especially suitable for the processing of industrial wastewater and the advanced treatment process of Treated sewage reusing.
It is low-cost.Compared with traditional handicraft, investment cost and operating cost are low.
Three, the biochemical treatment method of operation
For ease of quickly carrying out pilot scale research, pilot-plant pilot scale sludge takes to the sub- kitchen waste sewage treating stations of black stone,
Wherein SHARON apparatus sewage sludges take to sewage plant MBR nitrification tanks, and hydrolysis device sludge takes to sewage plant hydrolytic decomposition pot, A/O devices with
ABFT apparatus sewage sludges also take to sewage plant MBR nitrification tanks.Corresponding pilot-plant is squeezed into using immersible pump connection DN20 rubber hose
It is interior, and fill corresponding pilot-plant.
By pilot scale scheme correlation operating parameter, fast quick-recovery biochemical treatment apparatus oepration at full load.Theoretically, A/O devices
Mixed-liquor return (interior reflux) increases, and denitrification effect improves, but internal reflux ratio is excessive and can influence anoxic pond microorganism species
Growth.According to the sub- kitchen waste sewage treating stations practical operating experiences of black stone, this stage pilot scale internal reflux ratio is 8 times；Sludge returns
Stream (exteenal reflux) i.e. mixed liquor is back to anaerobic pond progress anaerobic phosphorus release from aerobic tank and is ensured simultaneously with achieving the effect that dephosphorization
The concentration of activated sludge in biological tank, external reflux ratio are 2 times, debugging initial stage not spoil disposal.ABFT reflux pump intermittent duties, from the 4th
Lattice aerobic zone is back to the 1st lattice anoxic zone, and reflux ratio is 2 times.Wind turbine 24 hour operation is adjusted to suitable air quantity, and extra air quantity is put
It is empty.
A/O devices keep O pond pH to maintain 6.5 or more by adding alkali piece；According to the influent concentration COD/ of A/O devices
NH3The ratio of-N determines that the ponds A add carbon source amount, and carbon source is solid-state glucose, adds the influent concentration COD/ of A/O devices after carbon source
NH3The ratio of-N is maintained at 5 or more.It is sufficient that SHARON devices are in technique front end carbon source and alkaloid, do not add carbon source with
Alkali piece；It is more sufficient into ABFT devices COD after A/O devices add carbon source, carbon source and alkali piece are not added yet.
Water is stepped up to 5m3After/d, starts to carry out water quality monitoring to each processing unit Inlet and outlet water, determine feasible process
Property.
Pilot-plant oepration at full load one and a half months, each device is to COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrogen removal rate situation, to determine processing
The feasibility of each device of the waste water.
1) SHARON devices
SHARON devices are shown in Table 5-1 to the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen.
5-1SHARON device removal rates
From table 5-1 to see, SHARON devices are 30.57% to COD average removal rates, are to ammonia nitrogen average removal rate
24.89%, it is 29.84% to total nitrogen average removal rate.
2) hydrolysis device
Hydrolysis device is shown in Table 5-2 to the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen.
5-2 hydrolysis device removal rates
From table 5-2 to see, hydrolysis device is 26.36% to COD average removal rates, is to ammonia nitrogen average removal rate
5.57%, it is 0.40% to total nitrogen average removal rate.
3) A/O devices
A/O devices are shown in Table 5-3 to the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen.
5-3A/O device removal rates
Note：A/O device influent CODs are the COD value for not adding carbon source, are discharged to have added carbon source COD value.
From table 5-3 to see, A/O devices are 51.91% (not being included in input carbon source removal rate) to COD average removal rates,
It is 84.38% to ammonia nitrogen average removal rate, is 58.26% to total nitrogen average removal rate.Carbon source (solid-state glucose) is average daily
Dosage is 16.8kg, and alkali piece (additional nitration basicity) is averaged daily dosage as 5.6kg.
4) ABFT devices
ABFT devices are shown in Table 5-4 to the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen.
5-4ABFT device removal rates
From table 5-4 to see, ABFT devices are 74.52% to COD average removal rates, are to ammonia nitrogen average removal rate
76.58%, it is 14.45% to total nitrogen average removal rate.
(daily processing capacity reaches 5m for pilot-plant oepration at full load3/ d) after, in the monitoring in time 6 of one and a half months
Group data, are analyzed for each device removal effect feasibility of the kitchen garbage, waste-water.
It is analyzed by final outflow water, COD mean concentrations are 314mg/L, and monitoring data are all up to standard；Ammonia nitrogen mean concentration is
26mg/L, monitoring data are all up to standard；Total average nitrogen concentration is 412mg/L, and total nitrogen water outlet is higher.It is useless for the kitchen garbage
Water can make COD, ammonia nitrogen standard operation using the technique substantially.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not limitation with the utility model, all at this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the utility model made by within the spirit and principle of utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system, which is characterized in that including be sequentially connected setting for carrying out short distance
The SHARON devices of denitrogenation（21）, for by the acidification of insoluble hydrolysis of organic matter at deliquescent monomer or dimer compound
Hydrolysis acidification device（22）, A/O devices for carrying out denitrification biological denitrogenation（23）And for carrying out biochemical denitrification
ABFT devices（24）；The SHARON devices（21）Water inlet be connected to Demulsification and coagulant device（11）Water outlet；It is described
SHARON devices（21）It include the collecting pit for depositing collection waste water（211）, for nitrify/the ponds SHARON of denitrification for Removing Nitrogen
（212）And for the temporary rear reservoir for denitrogenating waste water（213）；The collecting pit（211）With the ponds SHARON（212）Between
It is connected with the SHARON intake pumps for water pumping；The ponds SHARON（212）Top with it is described after reservoir（213）Between connect
There is the overflow pipe convenient for supernatant outflow, there is the solenoid valve of control overflow pipe break-make on the overflow pipe.
2. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ponds SHARON（212）
Inside it is additionally provided with temperature sensor and heating device.
3. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the heating device is setting
In the ponds SHARON（212）Interior vapor heating tube, the vapor heating tube are connected to kitchen garbage by solenoid valve
The jet chimney of fermentation plant.
4. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the ponds SHARON（212）
It is additionally provided with insulating layer outside.
5. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ponds SHARON（212）
Inside it is additionally provided with the first aerator for intermittent aerating.
6. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the A/O devices（23）Packet
Include denitrification pond（231）, nitrification tank（232）And secondary settling tank（233）, the denitrification pond（231）Water outlet be connected to it is described
Nitrification tank（232）Water inlet, the nitrification tank（232）Above have and is connected to the denitrification pond（231）The first refluxing opening,
The nitrification tank（232）Water outlet be connected to the secondary settling tank（233）, the secondary settling tank（233）Bottom have be used for back
The second refluxing opening of sludge is flowed, second refluxing opening is connected to the denitrification pond（231）.
7. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the denitrification pond（231）
Inside it is provided with diving mixer.
8. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the nitrification tank（232）It is interior
It is provided with the second aerator.
9. kitchen garbage, waste-water biochemical treatment system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ABFT devices（24）Packet
Include the ponds ABFT for carrying out biochemical denitrification（241）, the final deposition pool for carrying out mud-water separation（242）And for temporary heavy eventually
The clear water reserviors of the supernatant in pond（243）, the final deposition pool（242）Bottom have for sludge reflux third refluxing opening, institute
It states third refluxing opening and is connected to the ponds ABFT（241）, the final deposition pool（242）Upper end have going out for supernatant overflow
Liquid mouth, the liquid outlet are connected to the clear water reserviors（243）.
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| CN111957719B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-02-21 | 潮州深能环保有限公司 | System and method for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by waste incineration plant |
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