CN207752068U - The sensor of electrical power is measured using light carrier - Google Patents
The sensor of electrical power is measured using light carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN207752068U CN207752068U CN201721893635.4U CN201721893635U CN207752068U CN 207752068 U CN207752068 U CN 207752068U CN 201721893635 U CN201721893635 U CN 201721893635U CN 207752068 U CN207752068 U CN 207752068U
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Abstract
It is a kind of to measure electric current and voltage simultaneously and share a set of smooth SLED light sources and the sensor for measuring electrical power using light carrier of signal processing system.Including SLED light sources, current transformer and voltage transformer, current transformer is optical fiber flow measurement sensing head；SLED light sources connect with photo-coupler, which is connected by the first polarization-maintaining circulator, this special prism of the first Walla of current side with optical fiber flow measurement sensing head；It is further connected with the first photodetector on this special prism in the first Walla, the second photodetector is further connected on the first polarization-maintaining circulator.It will incorporate one with electric current and the optical measuring system of voltage measurement function, uses simple light channel structure and accurately measures function possessed by the current transformer and voltage transformer of electronic type to realize.With the function of being compensated automatically fiber polarization disturbance.Its is simple in structure, and cost is cheap, and a second part is all passive device, good reliability, good insulation preformance.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of optics watt transducer, has the function of that electric current and voltage integrated measure, can obtain
To measuring node changed power in electric system, particularly suitable for the test of electric system high-voltage great-current and metrology applications.
Background technology
It is separately positioned device, base on the optical current mutual inductor and optical voltage transformer developed both at home and abroad at present
This is by the light path part and signal processing of transmission light, and system is substantially using a magneto-optic optical fiber, a magneto-optic bulk
Glass and polarization keep Transmission Fibers, while needing to increase integrated waveguide phase-modulator composition closed-loop control system, the system
Structure so that constituted sensor structure is complicated, and entire light path is expensive, in addition, magneto-optic optical fiber and magneto-optic both bulk glasses hold
Being vulnerable to external environment influences and the fluctuation of refractive index occurs, however it remains can be comparable with transducing signal polarization state disturb
It is dynamic, cause measurement error.
Utility model content
Electric current and voltage can be measured simultaneously the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide one kind and share a set of light
The sensor that electrical power is measured using light carrier of SLED light sources and signal processing system.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
The sensor that electrical power is measured using light carrier of the utility model, including SLED light sources, current transformer and electricity
Press mutual inductor, it is characterised in that：The current transformer is optical fiber flow measurement sensing head；The SLED light sources and an at least support one
Photo-coupler connects, the first polarization-maintaining circulator, this special prism of the first Walla and institute which passes through current side
The optical fiber flow measurement sensing head stated connects；It is further connected with the first photodetector on this special prism in the first Walla, in the first polarization-maintaining ring
The second photodetector is further connected on shape device.
The optical fiber flow measurement sensing head is made of quarter wave plate, the temperature sensitive optical fiber of flow measurement and electric current side rearview mirror.
The voltage transformer is optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head；The photo-coupler is the coupler of a support two, the optical coupling
The the second polarization-maintaining circulator, this special prism of the second Walla and the optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head that another light path of device passes through voltage side
Connect；It is further connected with third photodetector on this special prism in the second Walla, the 4th light is further connected on the second polarization-maintaining circulator
Electric explorer.
The optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head is made of quarter wave plate, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal and voltage side rearview mirror.
The photo-coupler is the coupler of a support three, the third polarization-maintaining circulator that another light path therein passes through temperature compensation side
Connect with optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head；It is also set on third polarization-maintaining circulator and is connected to the 5th photodetector.
The optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head, by temperature sensitive optical fiber, quartz glass tube, coated in quartz glass tube outside internal layer and outer
Layer protective layer is constituted, and the temperature sensitive fibre cladding overall diameter is 125 μm, length 1.15mm-1.35mm, is in wavelength
Bat length when 1310nm is about 10mm, and the reflectance coating of aluminum is coated on the outer wall of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion and end face；By the temperature
The tail end of quick optical fiber to its head end direction length the temperature sensitive optical fiber of 0.8mm-1.0mm be fixed be sealed in internal diameter be 250 μm-
In 350 μm of quartz glass tube.
It is equipped with two layers of coatings on the outer wall of the quartz glass tube, be thickness is respectively 45 μm -55 μm and by poly- methyl
Internal layer and thickness made of methyl acrylate material are 180 μm -220 μm and the outer layer made of teflon material.
The method for measuring electrical power using optical principle of the utility model, its step are as follows：
1) sensor that electrical power is measured using light carrier of the utility model is used；
2) partial poolarized light sent out by the SLED light sources in the sensor for measuring electrical power using light carrier, through more
Mode fiber reaches the photo-coupler of a support three, and three beams partial poolarized light is sent out by the photo-coupler；
3) section at the beginning of a branch of partial poolarized light is sent by the multimode fibre of current side to the first polarization-maintaining circulator generation current side
Linearly polarized light, just section linearly polarized light is sent by an output port of the first polarization-maintaining circulator by first section polarization maintaining optical fibre the current side
This special prism to the first Walla；
Section at the beginning of another beam partial poolarized light is sent by the multimode fibre of voltage side to the second polarization-maintaining circulator generation voltage side
Linearly polarized light, just section linearly polarized light is sent by an output port of the second polarization-maintaining circulator by first section polarization maintaining optical fibre the voltage side
This special prism to the second Walla；
Another beam part multimode fibre is sent generate temperature compensation side to third polarization-maintaining circulator at the beginning of section linearly polarized light, at the beginning of the temperature compensation side
Section linearly polarized light is sent by first section polarization maintaining optical fibre to optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head by an output port of third polarization-maintaining circulator；
4) just by the first Walla, one output port of this special prism exports in a branch of current side section linearly polarized light current side
Section linearly polarized light, the current side stage casing linearly polarized light are parallel to the stage casing polarization-maintaining light by stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre and with polarization direction
The mode of fine main shaft is transmitted along the main shaft；
Just by the second Walla, one output port of this special prism exports a branch of voltage side stage casing to section linearly polarized light to voltage side
Linearly polarized light, the voltage side stage casing linearly polarized light are parallel to the stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre by stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre and with polarization direction
The mode of main shaft is transmitted along the main shaft；
5) stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre of the current side stage casing linearly polarized light through current side measures electrical power with described using light carrier
Sensor in optical fiber flow measurement sensing head in the temperature sensitive optical fiber of flow measurement current side welding spinodal be two beam orthogonal modes
And the current side endpiece linearly polarized light propagated along the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast and slow axis of the flow measurement；
Stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre of the voltage side stage casing linearly polarized light through voltage side measures electrical power with described using light carrier
The voltage side welding spinodal of the temperature sensitive optical fiber of pressure measurement in optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head in sensor be two beam orthogonal modes and
The voltage side endpiece linearly polarized light propagated along the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast and slow axis
The first section linearly polarized light in temperature compensation side is through the temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation in stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre and the optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head
Temperature compensation side welding spinodal be two beam orthogonal modes and the temperature compensation side endpiece linear polarization propagated along the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast and slow axis
Light；
6) current side endpiece linearly polarized light described in two beams generates phase by the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the flow measurement being set in temperature field
Difference, then be set after the reflection of the reflectance coating of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion of the flow measurement and returned along original optical path, at this point, two beam current side tails
The phase difference of section linearly polarized light doubles；
Voltage side endpiece linearly polarized light described in two beams generates phase difference by the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the pressure measurement being set in temperature field,
It is set after the reflection of the reflectance coating of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion of the pressure measurement and is returned along original optical path again, at this point, two beam voltage side endpieces
The phase difference of linearly polarized light doubles；
Temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized light described in two beams generates phase difference by the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the temperature compensation being set in temperature field,
It is set after the reflection of the reflectance coating of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion of the temperature compensation and is returned along original optical path again, at this point, two beam temperature compensation side endpieces
The phase difference of linearly polarized light doubles；
7) two beam current side endpiece linearly polarized lights interfere effect after the current side welding inflection point；
Two beam voltage side endpiece linearly polarized lights interfere effect after the voltage side welding inflection point；
Two beam temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized lights interfere effect after the temperature compensation side welding inflection point；
8) in two beam current side endpiece linearly polarized lights, along the current side endpiece linear polarization of the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast axle return of current side
Light is received by the first photodetector being set on another output port of this special prism of the first Walla, along the temperature sensitive light of current side
The current side endpiece linearly polarized light that fine slow axis returns is by the second light for being set on another output port of the first polarization-maintaining circulator
Electric explorer receives；
In two beam voltage side endpiece linearly polarized lights, along the voltage side endpiece linearly polarized light of the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast axle return of voltage side
It is received by the third photodetector being set on another output port of this special prism of the second Walla, along the temperature sensitive optical fiber of voltage side
The voltage side endpiece linearly polarized light that slow axis returns is by the 4th photoelectricity that is set on another output port of the second polarization-maintaining circulator
Detector receives；
In two beam temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized lights, by be set on another output port of third polarization-maintaining circulator the 5th
Photodetector receives.
The sensor of the utility model will incorporate one with electric current and the optical measuring system of voltage measurement function, adopt
With simple light channel structure function is accurately measured possessed by the current transformer and voltage transformer of electronic type to realize.
The utility model device devises fiber polarization control structure, has and is mended automatically to fiber polarization disturbance
The function of repaying.Its is simple in structure, and cost is cheap, and a second part is all passive device, good reliability, good insulation preformance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the utility model sensor.
Fig. 2 is wave plate and complementary curve graphs of the Verdet under temperature variations.
Fig. 3 is the signal processing fundamental diagram of the sensor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is Faraday magnetooptical effect basic principle figure.
Reference numeral is as follows：
SLED light sources 1, photo-coupler 2, current detecting light path 3, the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31, this special prism of the first Walla
32, optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33, the first photodetector 34, the second photodetector 35, electric current side rearview mirror 36, voltage detecting
Light path 4, the second polarization-maintaining circulator 41, this special prism 42 of the second Walla, optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head 43, third photodetector 44,
4th photodetector 45, voltage side rearview mirror 46, thermometric light path 5, third polarization-maintaining circulator 51, optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head 52,
5th photodetector 53, temperature compensation lateral reflection film 54.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model measures the sensor (below can abbreviation sensor) of electrical power by Current Mutual Inductance using light carrier
The function that device and voltage transformer are undertaken is melted into a detection device, and being further added by temperature-compensating all the way for current detecting surveys
Examination, makes its detection accuracy greatly improve.It is especially suitable for being directed to primary equipment in electric system to carry out one-point measurement.
As shown in Figure 1, photo-coupler 2 and three tunnel specific functions of the sensor of the utility model by SLED light sources 1,1 × 3
Light path is constituted, and the specific function light path is respectively current detecting light path 3, provides temperature-compensating for current detecting
Thermometric light path 5 and voltage detecting light path 4.
1, SLED light sources 1
Constant optical power is exported using DAC (digital analog converter) and light source driving circuit control SLED light sources 1, is used
The digital signal processor of ADSP-BF548 types controls to adjust the driving current of SLED, light by the way that configuration parameter is written to DAC
Source driving current samples loop control theory, and subtraction is done by sampling the practical driving current of SLED and the arrange parameter value of DAC
It is sent into the Closed Loop Control Unit being built in the digital signal processor of ADSP-BF548 types afterwards to be adjusted, finally makes SLED's
Driving current is kept constant.
The SLED light sources 1 are the very wide light source device of luminescent spectrum, are high-brightness light emitting diode, full name in English is：
Super-Light-Emitting Diode, the wavelength sent out are that the partial poolarized light of 1310nm is sent to by multimode fibre
The photo-coupler 2.
2, photo-coupler 2
For 1 × 3 multi-module optical fiber coupler, a branch of partial poolarized light that SLED light sources 1 are sent out is split into three beams portion
Polarised light, three beams partial poolarized light is divided to be sent to current detecting light path 3, thermometric light path 5 and the electricity by multimode fibre respectively
Press light path 4.
3, current detecting light path 3 (also referred to as current side)
By the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31, the first Walla this special prism 32, optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33, first photodetector
34 and second photodetector 35 constitute.
1) the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31
The multi-port optical device for making light be transmitted by special modality direction and keeping linearly polarized light polarization characteristic constant, light
It inputs, can only be exported from specific lower Single port from arbitrary port.
Become after coming from Fibre Optic Depolarizer of the partial poolarized light of photo-coupler 2 through being built in the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31
For non-polarized light, then by an output port polarization light output of the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31, which is known as
The first section linearly polarized light of current side.
Just section linearly polarized light is transmitted to this special prism 32 of the first Walla to current side through first section polarization maintaining optical fibre again.
2) this special prism 32 of the first Walla
It is the optical device that can convert light beam to the orthogonal linearly polarized light in the separated polarization direction of two beams.
After section linearly polarized light at the beginning of coming from the current side of the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31 enters this special prism 32 of the first Walla, by
Its a output port exports a branch of linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light of this section is known as current side stage casing linearly polarized light, the electricity
Side stage casing linearly polarized light is flowed in such a way that polarization direction is parallel to stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft along the main shaft of the stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre
It is sent to the optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33.
Current side stage casing linearly polarized light is by the stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre and the optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 of current side
After the current side welding inflection point (welding angle be 45 degree) of the temperature sensitive optical fiber of flow measurement, it is decomposed into two beam orthogonal modes and temperature sensitive along the flow measurement
The current side endpiece linearly polarized light that optical fiber fast and slow axis is propagated.
Current side endpiece linearly polarized light described in two beams generates phase difference at the quarter wave plate in optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33,
And it is converted to left-handed and dextrorotation rotatory polarization, pass through the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the flow measurement being positioned on current conductor surface (" flow measurement "
Refer to surveying electric current, i.e., the optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 of the utility model is placed on and is surveyed in current field).Due in a conducting wire
The Faraday magneto-optic effects (i.e. Faraday magnetooptical effect) of current induced magnetic field act on, and the transmission speed of two beam rotatory polarizations is different,
To generate Faraday differences.When two beam rotatory polarizations are transferred to the electric current side rearview mirror 36 of the temperature sensitive optical fiber connector of flow measurement through reflection
Afterwards, two beam rotatory polarizations modes swap (left-handed change dextrorotation, dextrorotation become left-handed) and return again along original optical path, at this point, Faraday effects
It doubles, and is again transformed into the line polarisation of two beam orthogonal modes at quarter wave plate (pattern is also exchanged).Finally, it carries
The two beam current side endpiece linearly polarized lights that Faraday effects phase information and phase difference double return through the molten of 45 degree of angles
It is interfered when connecing inflection point.
In two beam current side endpiece linearly polarized lights after interference, along the current side endpiece line of the temperature sensitive optical fiber fast axle return of flow measurement
Polarised light is exported by another output port for being set to this special prism 32 of the first Walla, and through branch polarization maintaining optical fibre by the first photoelectricity
Detector 34 receives；The current side endpiece linearly polarized light returned along the temperature sensitive optical fiber slow axis of flow measurement is by being set to the first polarization-maintaining circulator
31 another output port output, and received by the second photodetector 35 through another branch polarization maintaining optical fibre.
As can be seen that two beam current side endpiece polarised lights transmit in the two of same root optical fiber orthogonal modes always, by
There is very strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability in light path system, in addition, the two beam polarised lights interfered pass through identical transmission road
Diameter and patterns of change, only sequentially just on the contrary, therefore, the light path system of the utility model also has good reciprocity
Property, result of interference only carries the phase information of Faraday magneto-optic effects generation.
3) optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 (" flow measurement " refers to surveying electric current)
It is made of quarter wave plate, the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the flow measurement and electric current side rearview mirror 36.
The operation principle of optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 is as follows：
The realization of optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 is to be based on Faraday magnetooptical effect：Linearly polarized light passes through the magnetic that is generated in electric current
When magnet-optical medium under field action, plane of polarization will rotate, and deflection angle passes through the length of medium with magnetic field intensity and light
Product is directly proportional：
WhereinFor Faraday angle；μ, V are the magnetic conductivity and Verdet constant of medium respectively；H is magnetic field intensity；L is
The optical path length that polarised light passes through medium.Since magnetic field intensity is generated by electric current, according to Ampere circuit law, above formula can express
For：
Wherein N, I are respectively coil turn and electric current.Faraday magnetooptical effect basic principle figure is as shown in Figure 4.
Due to cannot achieve high-precision plane of polarization angle measurement at present, usually it converts plane of polarization angle change to light intensity
Variation, and then current measurement is realized using Polarization Detection and interference detection method.
4) photodetector
Photodetector converts optical signal into the device for the electric signal for carrying electric current, voltage or temperature information.
First photodetector, 34 and second photodetector 35 is by two beam current side endpiece linear polarizations after interference
The light intensity signal of light is converted to low current signal, analog-digital converter is sent into after preamplifier amplifies, then through signal processing system
System high-speed sampling restores the interference effect.
Just section polarization maintaining optical fibre, stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre, branch polarization maintaining optical fibre and another branch polarization maintaining optical fibre are
PME1300-10 ellipse core polarization maintaining optical fibres.The fibre core of the polarization maintaining optical fibre is ellipse and keeps optical transport polarization characteristic constant
Optical fiber.
5) signal processing system
As shown in figure 3, the signal processing system of the utility model is using (the scenes DSP (Digital Signal Processing)+FPGA
Programmable gate array) (XC6SLX16) framework, mainly by photodetector, preamplifier, AD converter (analog-digital converter),
ADSP-BF548 digital signal processors, DAC (digital analog converter) and light source driving circuit composition, while extending liquid
Crystalline substance display, RS485 and fiber optic Ethernet interface.
Photodetector is mainly responsible for is converted to low current signal by the light intensity signal after interference, after preamplifier
It is sent into analog-digital converter, system uses switching devices of the AD7606 as analog signal to digital signal, DSP to pass through high-speed sampling
ADC's (analog-digital converter) exports to restore the interference effect of fibre optical sensor.
Digital signal processor is mainly responsible for the realization of the high-speed sampling and software algorithm of signal, the operation dominant frequency of processor
For 500MHz, (Visual DSP Kemel, Chinese are entitled by operation VDK：Visual DSP core) embedded OS progress task tune
Degree.Accurate timing is carried out using timer internal, sampling, filtering, the preservation of signal are carried out in timer interruption, when data are slow
It rushes after area is filled up and sends semaphore to scheduler in interruption, activation data fitting task carries out temperature after scheduler receives semaphore
Fitting operation is spent, this system carries out electric current, voltage and temperature reduction by the way of multistage fitting of a polynomial.
After the electric current of demodulation, voltage and temperature data and internal state monitoring information are also transmitted to by DSP by RS485
Platform is shown, while relevant information being written in LCD liquid crystal displays and FPGA inner high speeds RAM.
4, thermometric light path 5 (also referred to as temperature compensation side)
It is made of third polarization-maintaining circulator 51, optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head 52 and the 5th photodetector 53.
1) structure of third polarization-maintaining circulator 51 is identical as the first polarization-maintaining circulator 31, is that will come from photo-coupler 2
Fibre Optic Depolarizer of the partial poolarized light through being built in third polarization-maintaining circulator 51 after become non-polarized light, then by third polarization-maintaining
One output port polarization light output of circulator 51, section linearly polarized light at the beginning of which is known as temperature compensation side.
The first section linearly polarized light in temperature compensation side is through the temperature sensitive light of temperature compensation in stage casing polarization maintaining optical fibre and the optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head 52
Fine temperature compensation side welding spinodal is for two beam orthogonal modes and inclined along the temperature compensation side endpiece line of temperature sensitive optical fiber fast and slow axis propagation
Shake light；Temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized light described in two beams generates phase difference by the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the temperature compensation being set in temperature field, then
It is set after the reflection of the reflectance coating of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion of the temperature compensation and is returned along original optical path, at this point, two beam temperature compensation side endpiece lines
The phase difference of polarised light doubles；By the temperature compensation side welding inflection point, (welding angle is two beam temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized lights
45 degree) after interfere effect.
In two beam temperature compensation side endpiece linearly polarized lights, by be set on another output port of third polarization-maintaining circulator 51
Five photodetectors 53 receive.
2) 52 observable temperature range of optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head is at -55 DEG C -150 DEG C, and temperature deviation is better than ± 0.5 DEG C, temperature
Fluctuation degree is better than ± 0.01 DEG C.
Its by the temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation, quartz glass tube, coated in quartz glass tube outside internal layer and outer protective layer constitute.
The temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation is made by the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the oval core of PME1300-10.Its covering overall diameter is 125 μm, long
Degree is between 1.15mm-1.35mm, preferably 1.25mm, and the bat length when wavelength is 1310nm is about 10mm, in the temperature sensitive optical fiber
The temperature compensation lateral reflection film 54 of aluminum is coated on the end face of tail portion, and (the temperature compensation lateral reflection film 54 constitutes multi-layer nano knot by sputtering sedimentation
Structure), the temperature compensation lateral reflection film 54 can make the linearly polarized light caudad propagated by the temperature sensitive optical fiber head end of temperature compensation reflect after by original optical path
It returns, a length of 1310nm of reflecting light.
There is one section to be sealed in quartz glass tube on the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the temperature compensation, fluid sealant uses 353 type glue.It is sealed in stone
The length of the temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation in English glass tube is in 0.8mm-1.0mm, and the internal diameter of the quartz glass tube is in 250 μm of -350 μ
M, the temperature compensation lateral reflection film 54 are partially disposed in quartz glass tube.
Since quartz glass is that glass (Si04) oxygen-octahedron is interconnected to constitute, in-Si-O-Si- networks
In, oxygen atom exists in the form of bridging oxygen, and in humidity is larger or environment that have water, Quartz glass surfaces can adsorb aqueous vapor and slow
Slow that hydrolysis occurs, the long silicon oxygen bond caused in former network-Si-O-Si- is broken, and bridging oxygen becomes non-bridging oxygen-Si-
OH-Si-, result can cause glass crack, and the crackle is then made constantly to increase.In addition, the appearance of OH roots can also make optical fiber
The absorption loss of light is increased, optic fibre characteristic is made to change.In order to make the fibre core of the temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation will not be because of quartz glass
Crackle and corroded by extraneous steam, i.e., cause the quartz glass tube to the temperature sensitive light of temperature compensation in pipe with the hydrolysis of quartz glass
Fibre causes to squeeze, and the utility model is coated with the protective layer that thickness is 45 μm -55 μm on the outer wall of the quartz glass tube, referred to as
Internal layer, the internal layer are made of polymethyl methacrylate materials.
Corrosion of the extraneous steam to quartz glass in order to prevent, improves the temperature measurement accuracy and reliability of the temperature sensitive optical fiber of temperature compensation,
It is coated with the another layer protective layer that thickness is 180 μm -220 μm again except the internal layer, abbreviation outer layer, the outer layer is by Teflon
Material is made.
The outer diameter of the preferred quartz glass tube of the utility model is 0.8mm-1.2mm, and length is in 40mm-50mm.
3) the 5th photodetector 53
It is structurally and functionally identical as 34 and second photodetector 35 of the first photodetector above-mentioned.In order to reduce into
This, which uses a photodetector.
4) it is directed to current detecting and carries out temperature-compensating, so that the sensor obtains better temperature performance.
State of polarization auto compensation is realized by following technologies：
When the sensor for being measured electrical power using light carrier of the utility model is placed under temperature change environment, electric current inspection
It is transmitted in the same optical fiber after the two beam current side endpiece linearly polarized light interference surveyed in light path 3, reduces external common-mode interference
It influences, while inhibiting the Sa Christiane Knacke effect in system, in the optical fiber flow measurement sensing head 33 in the current detecting light path 3
The Verdet constants of quarter wave plate and the temperature sensitive optical fiber of the flow measurement can all change, and electric work is measured using light carrier so as to cause this
The electric current output of the sensor of rate changes, and is shown below：
In formula, watt transducer output refers to electric current, wherein M is ADC sample sequences number, N is optical fiber the number of turns, θ is molten
Connect 45 ° of angle, T indicates temperature, V0Represent the Verdet constants of flow measurement temperature sensitive optical fiber when temperature is 20 DEG C.
Watt transducer electric current output from (1) formula as can be seen that under alternating temperature is influenced by two proportionals, respectively
It isWithThe changing rule of Verdet constant with temperature is：(1/V) δ V/ δ T=0.7*10-4℃-1, thus may be used
Obtain proportional curveWherein, DEG C-1If for every degree Celsius, as shown in Fig. 2, at this time select appropriate length wave plate, can make
The proportional that wave plate influencesWith proportionalJust formed complementary, the product both made variable quantity under alternating temperature subtracts
It is small (as seen from Figure 2,WithCurvilinear motion rule it is opposite), can ensure under temperature match curing conditions in this way
The stabilization of constant multiplier.The phase delay of wave plate at different temperatures has following rule：
δ (T)=δ0*[1+α(T-T0)] (2)
In formula：δ0For T0The phase delay of wave plate at a temperature of (20 DEG C), α are the phase delay variation with temperature rates of wave plate,
α=- 3.89*10 is measured through experiment-4℃-1。
It is fabricated to wave plate by selecting the ellipse core fibre of appropriate length, meets δ0=96°, by α and δ0Value substitutes into (2) formula
Afterwards, the curve in Fig. 1 can be obtainedThe product curve of two proportionals is
The proportional being affected by temperature in constant multiplier as can be seen from Figure 2With proportionalIt is formed mutual
It mends, the sensor current output for measuring electrical power using light carrier of the utility model is finally made to meet standard requirement.
5, voltage detecting light path 4
By the second polarization-maintaining circulator 41, the second Walla this special prism 42, optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head 43, third photodetector
44 and the 4th photodetector 45 constitute.
Except optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head 43 (wherein, " pressure measurement " refers to surveying voltage) and the optical fiber flow measurement in current detecting light path 3
Sensing head 33 is different outer, and structure, the light path connection type of other component are identical as current detecting light path 3 (referring to Fig. 1).
Wherein, the transmission principle of light is identical as current detecting light path 3, carries the electric signal of information of voltage respectively by third light
Electric explorer 44 and the 4th photodetector 45 receive.
Wherein, optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head 43 is made of quarter wave plate, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal and voltage side rearview mirror 46.
The operation principle of optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head 43 is as follows：
Optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head is to be based on electric light pockeles effect, and crystal medium is each when no application external voltage acts on
To the same sex, and become anisotropic biaxial optical crystal under the action of outer making alive, so as to cause its refractive index and leads to
Polarization state changes, and generates birefringence, and light beam becomes two bunch polarised lights, according to application direction of an electric field and crystal light transmission
Direction relations can be divided into lateral Electro-optical Modulation and longitudinal electro-optic modulator, when direction of an electric field is vertical with crystal light transmission direction, for laterally
Electro-optical Modulation is longitudinal electro-optic modulator, lateral Electro-optical Modulation and longitudinal electric light tune when direction of an electric field is parallel with crystal light transmission direction
Making the two polarised light phase differences penetrated can be expressed as：
(lateral Electro-optical Modulation)
(longitudinal electro-optic modulator)
Wherein：λ is optical wavelength, n0、γ41The respectively refractive index and electro-optic coefficient of crystal (bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal)；D and l
The respectively thickness of crystal and thang-kng length；U is applied voltage (voltage to be measured)；Uπ1、Uπ2It is that two-beam is made to generate π phases respectively
Half-wave voltage needed for potential difference.
Phase difference variation is converted to using the method for polarization interference the variation of output intensity, by light-to-current inversion and accordingly
Signal processing can acquire tested voltage.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sensor measuring electrical power using light carrier, including SLED light sources (1), current transformer and mutual induction of voltage
Device, it is characterised in that：The current transformer is optical fiber flow measurement sensing head (33)；The SLED light sources (1) and an at least support one
Photo-coupler (2) connect, which passes through the first polarization-maintaining circulator (31) of current side, the first Walla
This special prism (32) connects with the optical fiber flow measurement sensing head (33)；In the first Walla first is further connected on this special prism (32)
Photodetector (34) is further connected with the second photodetector (35) on the first polarization-maintaining circulator (31).
2. the sensor according to claim 1 for measuring electrical power using light carrier, it is characterised in that：The optical fiber flow measurement
Sensing head (33) is made of quarter wave plate, the temperature sensitive optical fiber of flow measurement and electric current side rearview mirror (36).
3. the sensor according to claim 1 for measuring electrical power using light carrier, it is characterised in that：The mutual induction of voltage
Device is optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head (43)；The photo-coupler (2) is the coupler of a support two, another light of the photo-coupler (2)
Road passes through the second polarization-maintaining circulator (41) of voltage side, this special prism (42) of the second Walla and the optical fiber pressure measurement sensing head
(43) connect；It is further connected with third photodetector (44) on this special prism (42) in the second Walla, in the second polarization-maintaining circulator
(41) the 4th photodetector (45) is further connected on.
4. the sensor according to claim 3 for measuring electrical power using light carrier, it is characterised in that：The optical fiber pressure measurement
Sensing head (43) is made of quarter wave plate, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal and voltage side rearview mirror (46).
5. the sensor for measuring electrical power using light carrier according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the coupler that photo-coupler (2) is a support three, another light path therein by the third polarization-maintaining circulator (51) of temperature compensation side with
Optical fiber temperature-measurement sensing head (52) connects；It is also set on third polarization-maintaining circulator (51) and is connected to the 5th photodetector (53).
6. the sensor according to claim 5 for measuring electrical power using light carrier, it is characterised in that：The optical fiber temperature-measurement
Sensing head (52), by temperature sensitive optical fiber, quartz glass tube, coated in quartz glass tube outside internal layer and outer protective layer constitute, institute
It is 125 μm, length 1.15mm-1.35mm to state temperature sensitive fibre cladding overall diameter, and the bat length when wavelength is 1310nm is about
10mm is coated with the reflectance coating of aluminum on the outer wall of the temperature sensitive optical fiber tail portion and end face；It is first to it by the tail end of the temperature sensitive optical fiber
Extreme direction length is fixed in the temperature sensitive optical fiber of 0.8mm-1.0mm and is sealed in the quartz glass tube that internal diameter is 250 μm -350 μm.
7. the sensor according to claim 6 for measuring electrical power using light carrier, it is characterised in that：In the quartzy glass
The outer wall of glass pipe is equipped with two layers of coatings, be thickness is respectively 45 μm -55 μm and made of polymethyl methacrylate materials
Internal layer and thickness are 180 μm -220 μm and the outer layer made of teflon material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721893635.4U CN207752068U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The sensor of electrical power is measured using light carrier |
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| CN201721893635.4U CN207752068U (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The sensor of electrical power is measured using light carrier |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108387775A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-10 | 长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司 | The sensor and its measurement method of electrical power are measured using light carrier |
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2017
- 2017-12-29 CN CN201721893635.4U patent/CN207752068U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108387775A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-10 | 长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司 | The sensor and its measurement method of electrical power are measured using light carrier |
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