CN207732504U - Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip - Google Patents
Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN207732504U CN207732504U CN201721872742.9U CN201721872742U CN207732504U CN 207732504 U CN207732504 U CN 207732504U CN 201721872742 U CN201721872742 U CN 201721872742U CN 207732504 U CN207732504 U CN 207732504U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip, the power supply automatic switchover circuit includes：First power input；Second source input terminal；Power output end；First switch module connects first power input and power output end；Second switch module connects the second source input terminal and power output end；Detection limit module, connect with first power input, for when detecting that first power input is connected to the first power supply, making the limit point between the detection limit module and the first power input export a stop voltage；Switching control module is connect with the limit point, for exporting first control signal and second control signal, the first control signal and the mutual reverse phase of second control signal, the conducting for controlling first switch module and second switch module and off-state.The power supply automatic switchover circuit avoids problem of pressure drop, reduces cost, improves system stability and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to intelligent electric meter field more particularly to a kind of power supply automatic switchover circuits and a kind of intelligent electric meter
Microcontroller chip.
Background technology
In ammeter micro-control unit (Micro control unit；MCU in application system), two kinds of power supplies of generally use
Power supply.One is alternating currents, and by alternating current through over commutation, filtering is powered after voltage stabilizing to MCU；Another kind is battery, in order to prevent city
Electric power down is led to Internal Gauge loss of data, is powered using reserve battery.
Traditional electric meter system uses piece external power automatic switch-over circuit as shown in Figure 1.
By exporting vdd voltage after AC-DC rectifications, filtering and voltage stabilizing, vdd voltage is generally for electric main input
5V；Cell output voltage VBAT is 3-3.6V；Realize that power supply automatically switches using two diodes D1, D2, whom circuit uses
Whose high strategy, when alternating current exists then, D1 is connected, and with alternating current, if alternating current power down, VDD=0, D2 conducting automatically switch to electricity
Pond powers.
There are two significant drawbacks for the circuit：
1. the pressure drop of diode D1, D2 in the presence of 0.2 volt to 0.7 volt, the low voltage designs of unfavorable ammeter MCU, especially
In the case of battery powered, battery is caused to be greatly affected.
2. be additionally required two diodes D1, D2, and it diode D1, D2 are welded can improve circuit cost.
It needs to design a kind of new power supply automatic switchover circuit, to overcome drawbacks described above, reduces electric meter system manufacturing cost,
Improve the stability and reliability of whole system.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of power supply automatic switchover circuit and a kind of intelligent electric meters
Microcontroller chip, to improve the stability and reliability of system.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of power supply automatic switchover circuit, including：First power supply is defeated
Enter end, for connecting the first power supply；Second source input terminal, for connecting second source；Power output end；First switch mould
Block connects first power input and power output end, for controlling first power input and power output end
Between circuit conducting and disconnection；Second switch module connects the second source input terminal and power output end, for controlling
The conducting and disconnection of circuit between the second source input terminal and power output end；Detection limit module, with first electricity
Source input terminal connection, for when detecting that first power input is connected to the first power supply, making the detection limit mould
A limit point between block and the first power input exports a stop voltage；Switching control module is connect with the limit point,
For the stop voltage to be carried out shaping and exports first control signal and second control signal, the first control signal with
The mutual reverse phase of second control signal, the first control signal are used to control conducting and the off-state of first switch module, institute
State conducting and off-state of the second control signal for controlling second switch module.
Optionally, the first switch module includes the first PMOS transistor, and the source electrode of first PMOS transistor connects
It is connected to first power input, drain electrode is connected to the power output end, and grid is connected to the switching control module；Institute
It includes the second PMOS transistor to state second switch module, and it is defeated that the source electrode of second PMOS transistor is connected to the second source
Enter end, drain electrode is connected to the power output end, and grid is connected to the switching control module.
Optionally, the detection limit module includes resistance or the NMOS transistor of several series connection ground connection.
Optionally, further include：Floating trap level shifter, connects first power input and second source input terminal,
Voltage for voltage and second source input terminal to first power input is compared, and exports higher value conduct
The power supply of the trap voltage and the switching control module of first PMOS transistor and the second PMOS transistor.
Optionally, the floating trap level shifter includes third PMOS transistor and the 4th PMOS transistor；The third
The source electrode of PMOS transistor is connected to the first power input, and grid is connected to second source input terminal；4th PMOS is brilliant
The source electrode of body pipe is connected to second source input terminal, and grid is connected to the first power input；The third PMOS transistor and
The drain electrode of 4th PMOS transistor and well region are connected with each other, as output end.
Optionally, the switching control module includes：Concatenated first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter with
And the 4th phase inverter；Third inverter output is for exporting first control signal, and the 4th inverter output is for defeated
Go out second control signal, first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter and the 4th phase inverter power end connect
It is connected to the output end of the floating trap level shifter.
Optionally, it is in series with a resistance between first power input and the limit point.
Optionally, further include standby signal output module, for whether being connected to the first electricity according to the first power input
Source exports corresponding standby signal.
Optionally, the standby signal output module includes：The 5th phase inverter being connected in series with and connection and the 6th are instead
The input terminal of phase device, the 5th phase inverter is connect with second inverter output, the output end of the hex inverter
As standby signal output end.
To solve the above problems, the utility model also provides a kind of intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip, including：Microcontroller list
Member；The power output end of power supply automatic switchover circuit, the power supply automatic switchover circuit is connected to the micro-control unit, is used for
Power supply is provided to the micro-control unit.
The power supply automatic switchover circuit of the utility model includes detection limit module and switching control module, according to described
The connection of first power supply of detection limit module detection, the first power input and power supply are controlled by switching control module
The conducting of first switch module, second source input terminal between output end and the second switch module between power output end with
It disconnects, realizes that power supply automatically switches.
Further, the first switch module and second switch module use PMOS transistor, have lower pressure drop, can
Larger pressure drop is generated when powering to avoid the first power supply or second source.
Further, the power supply automatic switchover circuit further includes floating trap level shifter, with first power input
It is connected with second source input terminal, provides trap voltage to PMOS transistor, the trap voltage of PMOS transistor is made to be located at system highest
Point, prevents under off state that there are PN junction electric leakages；Trap level shifter is floated simultaneously to switching control module for power supply, it is ensured that switching
Control module, which has, determines power supply, ensures that power supply switching is smoothed out.
Built-in above-mentioned power supply automatic switchover circuit, can reduce ammeter system in the utility model intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip
System manufacturing cost, improves the stability and reliability of whole system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit of one specific implementation mode of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit of one specific implementation mode of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit of one specific implementation mode of the utility model；
Fig. 5 is that the circuit of the power supply automatic switchover circuit of one specific implementation mode of the utility model realizes schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of power supply automatic switchover circuit provided by the utility model is done specifically below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
It is bright.
Referring to FIG. 2, the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit for one specific implementation mode of the utility model.
The power supply automatic switchover circuit includes：First power input 11, for connecting the first power vd D；Second electricity
Source input terminal 12, for connecting second source VBAT；Power output end VDD_IN；First switch module 101, connection described first
Power input 11 and power output end VDD_IN, for controlling first power input 11 and power output end VDD_IN
Between circuit conducting and disconnection；Second switch module 102 connects the second source input terminal 12 and power output end VDD_
IN, conducting and disconnection for controlling circuit between the second source input terminal 12 and power output end VDD_IN；Detection limit
Position module 103, connect with first power input 11, for that ought detect that first power input 11 is connected to the
When one power vd D, the limit point A outputs one between the detection limit module 103 and the first power input 11 is made to limit
Voltage；Switching control module 104 is connect with the limit point A, for the stop voltage to be carried out shaping and exports the first control
Signal processed and second control signal, the first control signal and the mutual reverse phase of second control signal, the first control signal
Conducting for controlling first switch module 101 and off-state, the second control signal is for controlling second switch module
102 conducting and off-state.The first switch module 101 and second switch module 102 can be with circuit knots having the same
Structure.
The power supply automatic switchover circuit is defeated as power supply for automatically switching the first power vd D or second source VBAT
Go out.In specific embodiment of the present utility model, the first power vd D is by shaping filter treated alternating current electricity
Source, the second source VBAT are battery-backed power source.When first power input 11 is connected to the first power vd D,
The power supply automatic switchover circuit is using the first power vd D as power supply, when the first power vd D is disconnected, institute
It states power supply automatic switchover circuit and automatically switches second source VBAT as power supply.
Specifically, when first power input 11 is connected to the first power vd D, the detection limits module 103
The first power vd D is detected, by the stop voltage that the limiting voltage of limit point A is a high level, the switching control mould
Block 104 carries out shaping to the stop voltage and exports first control signal to the first light modules 101, exports second control signal
To second switch module 102.The first control signal control first switch module 101 is connected, and the first power vd D is defeated to power supply
Outlet VDD_IN power supplies；And second control signal and first control signal are inversion signal so that the second light modules 102 are disconnected
It opens.Therefore, when the first power input 11 is connected to the first power vd D, which switches the first power supply
VDD is as power supply.
When first power output end, 11 and first power vd D is disconnected, the voltage of limit point A is limited to 0, the switching
The first control signal that control module 104 exports makes first switch module 101 disconnect, and second control signal makes second switch mould
Block 102 is connected.Therefore, when the first power input 11 and the first power vd D are disconnected, power supply automatic switchover circuit switching the
Two power supply VBAT are as power supply.
Referring to FIG. 3, the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit for another specific implementation mode of the utility model.
In the specific implementation mode, the first switch module 101 of the power supply automatic switchover circuit includes the first PMOS brilliant
The source electrode of body pipe M1, the first PMOS transistor M1 are connected to first power input 11, and drain electrode is connected to the electricity
Source output terminal VDD_IN, grid is connected to the switching control module 104, for receiving first control signal；Described second opens
It includes the second PMOS transistor M2 to close module 102, and the second PMOS transistor M2 source electrodes are connected to the second source input
End 12, drain electrode are connected to the power output end VDD_IN, and grid is connected to the switching control module 104, for receiving the
Two control signals.
Compared with NMOS transistor or diode, PMOS transistor has lower pressure drop, the first switch module 101
The supply voltage of input is influenced when being connected with second switch module 102 smaller so that power output end VDD_IN voltages are basic
It is consistent with power supply voltage.
In the specific implementation mode, the power supply automatic switchover circuit further includes：Floating trap level shifter 201, connects institute
The first power input 11 and second source input terminal 12 are stated, for the voltage of first power input 11 and the second electricity
The voltage of source input terminal 12 is compared, and exports higher value, as the first PMOS transistor M1 and the 2nd PMOS crystal
The trap voltage VWELL of pipe M2, while also as the power supply provided to the switching control module 104.
The trap voltage VWELL that the floating trap level shifter 201 exports remains system maximum potential, prevents from turning off
Under state, there are PN junction electric leakages by the first PMOS transistor M1 and the second PMOS transistor M2；Ensure simultaneously in the first PMOS
Before transistor M1 and the second PMOS transistor M2 is connected, switching control module 104 has determining power supply, to ensure that power supply is cut
That changes is smoothed out.
In the specific implementation mode, a resistance R1 is in series between first power input 11 and the limit point A,
The resistance R1 plays the role of electrostatic protection.
Referring to FIG. 4, the structural schematic diagram of the power supply automatic switchover circuit for another specific implementation mode of the utility model.
In the specific implementation mode, the power supply automatic switchover circuit further includes a standby signal output module 301, described
Standby signal output module 301 is connect with the switching control module 104, it is obtained and first from the switching control module 104
The signal corresponding with the first power vd D connection status of power input 11, exports corresponding standby signal Vdd_ after treatment
hold。
In a specific embodiment, when the first power output end 11 is connected to the first power vd D, standby signal is defeated
Go out module 301 and export high level, prompts the first power vd D to exist, using mains-supplied；When the first power output end 11 with
When first power vd D is disconnected, the standby signal output module 301 exports low level, and the first power vd D is reminded not deposit
Using battery powered, subsequent load can close the larger function of energy consumption, into energy saver mode.In the utility model
, can also be when the first power output end 11 be connected to the first power vd D in other specific implementation modes, standby signal exports mould
Block 301 exports low level；When the first power output end 11 and the first power vd D are disconnected, the standby signal output module 301
Export high level.
Referring to FIG. 5, the specific electricity of the power supply automatic switchover circuit for another specific implementation mode of the utility model
Realize schematic diagram in road.
The detection limit module 103 includes the NMOS transistor of several series connection ground connection.It is described in the specific implementation mode
Detection limit module 103 includes the first NMOS transistor M5, the second NMOS transistor M6 and third NMOS transistor M7, if the
One power input 11 is connected to the first power vd D, then is connected and connects between the first power input 11 and detection limit module 103
Ground, the voltage of limit point A points are about the threshold voltage of above-mentioned 3 NMOS transistors.In other specific implementation modes, the inspection
The concatenated NMOS transistor of other quantity can also be included by surveying limit module 103, to adjust the voltage of limit point A.At other
In specific implementation mode, the detection limit module 103 can also include the resistance of a larger resistance value, the voltage of limit point A points
It is directly proportional to the resistance value of the resistance.The detection limit module 103 can also be N well structures or other suitable circuit knots
Structure.
The switching control module 104 includes：Concatenated first phase inverter inv1, the second phase inverter inv2, third reverse phase
Device inv3 and the 4th phase inverter inv4；The output end of third phase inverter inv3 is connected to the first PMOS transistor M1 grids, uses
In exporting first control signal to the first PMOS transistor M1, the 4th phase inverter inv4 output ends are connected to the 2nd PMOS crystalline substances
Body pipe M2 grids, for exporting second control signal to the second PMOS transistor M2.First phase inverter inv1, the second phase inverter
The power end of inv2, third phase inverter inv3 and the 4th phase inverter inv4 are connected to the floating trap level shifter 201
Output end, using the trap voltage VWELL of the output of the floating trap level shifter 201 as working power.Pass through the first phase inverter
Inv1 and the second phase inverter inv2 carries out signal shaping to the voltage of A points, exports the level of suitable size, then passes through third again
Phase inverter inv3 and the 4th phase inverter inv4 export first control signal and second control signal respectively.
The floating trap level shifter 201 includes third PMOS transistor M3 and the 4th PMOS transistor M4；The third
The source electrode of PMOS transistor M3 is connected to the first power input 11, and grid is connected to second source input terminal 12；Described 4th
The source electrode of PMOS transistor M4 is connected to second source input terminal 12, and grid is connected to the first power input 11；The third
The drain electrode of PMOS transistor M3 and the 4th PMOS transistor M4 and well region are connected with each other, and as output end, export trap voltage
VWELL。
The standby signal output module 301 includes：The 5th phase inverter inv5 and hex inverter inv6 being connected in series with,
The input terminal of the 5th phase inverter inv5 is connect with the second phase inverter inv2 output ends, and defeated with the power supply respectively
Outlet VDD_IN is as power supply.The output end of the hex inverter inv6 exports standby signal as standby signal output end
Vdd_hold.The 5th phase inverter inv5 and hex inverter inv6 is used to believe the level of the second phase inverter inv2 outputs
Number carry out level shift, adjust level, to adapt to the signal processing requirement of subsequent digital circuit.
In above-mentioned specific implementation mode, each circuit element of power supply automatic switchover circuit can pass through semiconductor technology
Realized on chip, to be built in the chip of intelligent electric meter system, need not extra soldered electronic component again, can be with
Reduce cost.
Specific embodiment of the present utility model also provide a kind of intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip, including micro-control unit with
And the power supply automatic switchover circuit described in above-mentioned specific implementation mode, the power output end of the power supply automatic switchover circuit connect
It is connected to the micro-control unit, for providing power supply to the micro-control unit.It is integrated built in the power supply automatic switchover circuit
In in the intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip, electric meter system manufacturing cost can be reduced, improve whole system stability and can
By property.
The concrete function that the power supply switch circuit is illustrated with reference to Fig. 5 is realized.
Detection limit module 103 is used to detect the presence of the first power vd of alternating current D, if the first power vd D exists, A points
Voltage is about the sum of the threshold voltage of 3 NMOS transistors, by designing the triggering level point of the first phase inverter inv1, ensures it
Triggering level is less than the sum of 3 NMOS threshold voltages, then the first phase inverter inv1 outputs are low level at this time, then the second phase inverter
Inv2 outputs are high level, and the inv3 outputs of third phase inverter are low level, and as first control signal, the 4th phase inverter inv4 is defeated
Go out for height, as second control signal.Such first PMOS transistor M1 conductings, the second PMOS transistor M2 cut-offs, the first electricity
Source VDD is powered by the first PMOS transistor M to power output end VDD_IN, inside of the VDD_IN as ammeter microcontroller chip
Power supply.Hex inverter inv6 outputs simultaneously are high level, and Vdd_hold is high level, is input to the micro-control unit of ammeter,
It reminds micro-control unit alternating current to exist, is currently to use mains-supplied.
Under alternating current power-down conditions, 11 input voltage of the first power input is 0, then A points voltage is 0, then the first reverse phase
Device inv1 exports high level, and the second phase inverter inv2 exports low level, and third phase inverter inv3 output high level is as the first control
Signal processed, the 4th phase inverter inv4 export low level.Such first PMOS transistor M1 cut-offs conducting, the second PMOS transistor M2
Conducting, second source VBAT are powered by the second PMOS transistor to power output end VDD_IN, and power supply switching is automatically performed.Together
When hex inverter inv6 export low level, Vdd_hold is low level, is input to the micro-control unit of ammeter, reminds microcontroller
Unit alternating current is not present, and is currently to use battery powered, micro-control unit that can close the larger function of energy consumption, into economize on electricity mould
Formula.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
Art personnel can also make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of power supply automatic switchover circuit, which is characterized in that including：
First power input, for connecting the first power supply；
Second source input terminal, for connecting second source；
Power output end；
First switch module connects first power input and power output end, for controlling first power input
The conducting and disconnection of circuit between end and power output end；
Second switch module connects the second source input terminal and power output end, for controlling the second source input
The conducting and disconnection of circuit between end and power output end；
Detection limit module, connect with first power input, and the first power input connection is detected for working as
When to the first power supply, the limit point between the detection limit module and the first power input is made to export a stop voltage；
Switching control module is connect with the limit point, is believed for the stop voltage to be carried out shaping and exports the first control
Number and second control signal, the first control signal and the mutual reverse phase of second control signal, the first control signal be used for
Control first switch module conducting and off-state, the second control signal be used for control second switch module conducting and
Off-state.
2. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first switch module includes first
The source electrode of PMOS transistor, first PMOS transistor is connected to first power input, and drain electrode is connected to the electricity
Source output terminal, grid are connected to the switching control module；The second switch module includes the second PMOS transistor, and described the
The source electrode of two PMOS transistors is connected to the second source input terminal, and drain electrode is connected to the power output end, grid connection
To the switching control module.
3. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detection limit module includes resistance
Or the NMOS transistor of several series connection ground connection.
4. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include：Floating trap level shifter, even
First power input and second source input terminal are connect, for the voltage and second source to first power input
The voltage of input terminal is compared, and exports higher value as the trap of first PMOS transistor and the second PMOS transistor electricity
The power supply of pressure and the switching control module.
5. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the floating trap level shifter includes the
Three PMOS transistors and the 4th PMOS transistor；The source electrode of the third PMOS transistor is connected to the first power input, grid
Pole is connected to second source input terminal；The source electrode of 4th PMOS transistor is connected to second source input terminal, grid connection
To the first power input；The drain electrode of the third PMOS transistor and the 4th PMOS transistor and well region are connected with each other, and are made
For output end.
6. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the switching control module includes：String
The first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter and the 4th phase inverter of connection；Third inverter output is for exporting the
One control signal, the 4th inverter output is for exporting second control signal, first phase inverter, the second reverse phase
The power end of device, third phase inverter and the 4th phase inverter is connected to the output end of the floating trap level shifter.
7. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first power input with it is described
A resistance is in series between limit point.
8. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include standby signal output module,
For whether being connected to the first power supply according to the first power input, corresponding standby signal is exported.
9. power supply automatic switchover circuit according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the standby signal output module packet
It includes：The 5th phase inverter being connected in series with and connection and hex inverter, the input terminal and described second of the 5th phase inverter
Inverter output connects, and the output end of the hex inverter is as standby signal output end.
10. a kind of intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip, which is characterized in that including：
Micro-control unit；
Power supply automatic switchover circuit as described in any one of claim 1 to 9, the power supply output of the power supply automatic switchover circuit
End is connected to the micro-control unit, for providing power supply to the micro-control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721872742.9U CN207732504U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721872742.9U CN207732504U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN207732504U true CN207732504U (en) | 2018-08-14 |
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ID=63086708
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| CN201721872742.9U Active CN207732504U (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108092403A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-29 | 上海胤祺集成电路有限公司 | Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip |
| CN109245756A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳讯达微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of method and chip output interface circuit reducing power domain switching noise |
| CN111625076A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-09-04 | 深圳微步信息股份有限公司 | Peripheral power-off restart control circuit and computer |
-
2017
- 2017-12-28 CN CN201721872742.9U patent/CN207732504U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108092403A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-29 | 上海胤祺集成电路有限公司 | Power supply automatic switchover circuit and intelligent electric meter microcontroller chip |
| CN109245756A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳讯达微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of method and chip output interface circuit reducing power domain switching noise |
| CN109245756B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2023-10-03 | 深圳讯达微电子科技有限公司 | Method for reducing power domain switching noise and chip output interface circuit |
| CN111625076A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-09-04 | 深圳微步信息股份有限公司 | Peripheral power-off restart control circuit and computer |
| CN111625076B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳微步信息股份有限公司 | Peripheral power-off restart control circuit and computer |
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