CN207669729U - A kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities - Google Patents
A kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities Download PDFInfo
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- CN207669729U CN207669729U CN201720539706.4U CN201720539706U CN207669729U CN 207669729 U CN207669729 U CN 207669729U CN 201720539706 U CN201720539706 U CN 201720539706U CN 207669729 U CN207669729 U CN 207669729U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities, belong to 3D printing field.Include mainly that material compounding module, drying and dehydrating module, mixing module, Voltage stabilizing module, extrusion die module, refrigerating module, traction module, storage line module, linear diameter measurement module and material strip wind module.The mixing module of the utility model can meet the mixing of multi-component complex co-mixing system material using double screw extruder；Voltage stabilizing module can reduce the material pressure fluctuation for being kneaded module outlet using smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine, to improve line footpath stability；The floor space and equipment cost and the complexity for reducing wire diameter control system of preparation facilities can be reduced using the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function；The cryogenic system exchanged using air-cooled and water cooling can be achieved, can make refrigerating module meet different type material cooling requirement；By the position of reasonable Arrangement linear diameter measurement module, the feedback efficiency of wire diameter control can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities, belong to 3D
Printing field.
Technical background
Since 3D printing technique has many advantages, such as that rapidity, flexibility and cost are relatively low, so it is in production and living
It is widely used.Accumulation molding method (FDM) is heated as one kind in 3D printing technique, is the most commonly used technology hand
Section.Material, the line footpath stability of consumptive material be influence Mechanical Properties of Products, dimensional accuracy and surface quality key factor.Mesh
Preceding common 3D printing material is mainly total to including what PLA, ABS, PA, PC and the components such as polymer and wood powder, carbon fiber were constituted
Mixed system.
Currently, extrusion equipment is plasticized in 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities in the market mainly based on single screw extrusion machine, but
Be single screw extrusion machine mixed effect it is poor, be not suitable for preparing the 3D printing consumptive material that is made of multi-component complex co-mixing system.
In order to solve the problems, such as that single screw rod mixed effect is bad, researcher proposes the technique that two-step method prepares 3D printing consumptive material.Example
Such as Chinese invention patent " a kind of 3D printing PLA consumptive materials and preparation method thereof " (application number of , Wu And-chain pattern applications：
CN104672826A, June 3 2015 applying date) disclose a kind of method that two-step method prepares PLA consumptive materials：The first step, according to
Formula rate prepares color master batch in double screw extruder；Second step, after master batch and PLA compoundings, extruded machine squeezes out system
Obtain consumptive material.Although it will be appreciated that the two-step method asking of solving that pigment disperses in PLA matrixes to a certain extent
Topic, but this method is only applicable to PLA bases consumptive material and needs the printing consumables of previously prepared master batch, for multi-component complex mixture
For system and it is not suitable for.In addition to this, this method is without reference to the method for how improving consumptive material line footpath stability.The utility model
Purpose be directed to solve a kind of defect of above-mentioned 3D printing PLA consumptive materials and preparation method thereof, propose a kind of twin-screw extrusion
Machine mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities.
Invention content
Utility model aims to solve existing 3D printing consumptive material production technologies to be difficult to meet multi-component complex blending
A kind of relatively low technical problem of the extrusion and line footpath stability of system, it is proposed that double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D
Printing consumables preparation facilities.
A kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities of the utility model, referred to as this dress
Set, mainly include material compounding module, drying and dehydrating module, be kneaded module, Voltage stabilizing module, extrusion die module, refrigerating module,
Traction module, storage line module, linear diameter measurement module and material strip wind module；
Wherein, material compounding module mainly including batch mixer and its matches circuits and supplies conveying equipment；Material is matched
Mixed module includes two kinds of manual type and automated manner；Wherein automated manner may include automatic charging machine again；
Drying and dehydrating module includes mainly drying hopper, heater, wind turbine and its support circuit and material delivery pipe road；
It includes double screw extruder, main feeder and auxiliary feeder to be kneaded module mainly；
Wherein, the screw diameter of the double screw extruder is between 18-75mm, and draw ratio is between 32-60, double spiral shells
The core component of bar extruder is machine barrel and screw rod, and machine barrel and screw rod are all made of modular combination form；Machine barrel operating temperature
Setting range is 160-380 DEG C, and to meet the manufacturing technique requirent of different formulations material, machine barrel generally includes main spout, side
Spout, natural exhaust outlet and vaccum exhaust outlet；
Wherein, according to technique difference, side spout, natural exhaust outlet or vaccum exhaust outlet can be omitted；Twin-screw extrusion
The design of machine screw rod not only need to consider main spout, side spout, natural exhaust outlet and vaccum exhaust outlet position, but also
It needs to require to be modified according to the processing technology of different formulations；
Main feeder is connected with twin-screw extrusion owner's spout, in a manner of twin-screw or single screw rod metering feeding based on；
Auxiliary feeder and double screw extruder assist charge door to be connected, in a manner of twin-screw forced feed based on；
Smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine may be used in the Voltage stabilizing module；
Wherein, the design principle of smelt gear pump is on the basis of meeting yield, and gear parameter selection makes tooth as far as possible
Wheel set registration improves and tooth socket volume reduces；The design principle of single screw extrusion machine is, on the basis of meeting yield, to the greatest extent may be used
Screw rod can be improved builds pressure energy power；
Extrusion die module is installed on Voltage stabilizing module downstream, and extruder die is circle, and being divided into has the function of cooling and shaping
With without two kinds of forms of cooling and shaping function；
When using the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function, in extrusion die, temperature of charge is cooled to melting temperature
Degree is cooled to room temperature hereinafter, completion sizing by refrigerating module；
It needs to ensure its cooling capacity appropriate and accurate sensitive temperature when this extrusion die and its Control System Design
Ability of regulation and control is spent, not only can guarantee that material carried out cooling and shaping in extrusion die, but also can guarantee that material is smoothly squeezed out；
Since extrusion die assumes responsibility for partial warm down function, so in the situation for keeping entire unit cooling capacity constant
Under, the length of downstream refrigerating module can be shortened to a certain extent, reduce the floor space of the present apparatus；
When using the extrusion die for not having cooling and shaping function, the material in molten condition is leaving extrusion die
After will appear extrusion swelling phenomenon, need to consider extruded velocity, extrusion swelling, extrusion die die size, physical parameter
Etc. influence, build in traction module the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear, be kneaded double screw extruder in module
Screw speed, the coordinated signals algorithm between the smelt gear pump of Voltage stabilizing module or the actuating speed of single screw extrusion machine, with
Ensure the accuracy and stability of line footpath；
The material of extruded die head module output, referred to as material strip；
Refrigerating module is mainly made of first device for cooling and cryogenic system two parts；First device for cooling is usually to have function of temperature control
Thermostatic water bath, to reduce the cooling meat of material strip line footpath；Cryogenic system can be divided into air-cooled and two kinds of forms of water cooling；Air-cooled form
In, apply forced air thermal convection current around material strip；In water cooling form, by material strip infiltration in the cooling water circulated；By
It is different in the physical parameter of material strip, need the type of cooling that cryogenic system is determined according to physical parameter；For example, under high temperature
Meet water degradation material need to use it is air-cooled, in order to avoid influence squeeze out material strip performance；It has certain requirements material, needs to cooling rate
Using water cooling, cooling rate is improved；In order to meet the processing of various materials, cryogenic system can be designed to air-cooled/water cooling duplex
Position interchangeabling form.When design, the connecting line of cooling medium uses flexible material, easy to remove or dismounting.When processing materials kind
When class is relatively fixed, air-cooled or water cooling form cryogenic system can be selected according to physical property feature；For certain extraordinary materials,
Refrigerating module can not also include first device for cooling.Air-cooled cryogenic system is usually air cooled box；Water-cooled cryogenic system is usually
Cold rinse bank；
Traction module includes mainly draft gear, and draft gear includes carry-over pinch rolls；It needs to consider carry-over pinch rolls when designing
Distance adjustor, to adapt to the traction of different line footpath material strips；The driving device that draft gear need to be distributed rationally, to ensure hauling speed
Stabilization；The hauling speed of draft gear need according between the practical line footpath measured of material strip and setting line footpath difference and
The change of divergence rate builds control algolithm；Usually calculated also according to carry-over pinch rolls rotating speed in draft gear and carry-over pinch rolls turnning circle
The throughput rate and total length of consumptive material；
Storage line module includes mainly wire storage device；It need to consider that constant force appropriate and enough storage lines are long when designing
Degree, to avoid occurring when replacing charging tray in material strip winding link, consumptive material is loose, is detached from the appearance of equipment phenomenon；Wire storage device according to
The space layout of equipment is different, can be divided into horizontally disposed and two kinds of forms of vertical arrangement, can according to preparation facilities occupation of land with
Layout requirements design storage line length to select.Using it is horizontally disposed when, wire storage device is usually located at the top of cooling device, storage
Line length is designed according to the length of cooling device；When using vertical arrangement, wire storage device is usually located at the downstream of cooling device
Position need to consider floor space, and arrangement is relatively flexible, and storage line length is related with storage rack height, often consider that storage line fills
The stability set, storage line length are generally shorter；
Linear diameter measurement module includes caliper, carries out consumptive material linear diameter measurement；The line footpath parameter that caliper measurements obtain is to lead
Draw in module in the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear, the screw speed for being kneaded module double screw extruder, Voltage stabilizing module
The important parameter of the actuating speed coordinated signals of smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine；Wherein, it needs to consider when caliper type selecting
It is suitable to calibrate range and effectively calibrate precision；Currently, common caliper has uniaxial and two kinds of twin shaft, cut with meeting material strip
The measurement request of face shape geometric parameter；
The position of wire ga(u)ging equipment has vital influence, cloth to the draw property of material strip wire diameter control
It is to shorten the feedback length of wire diameter control as far as possible under the premise of ensureing caliper normal work, improve line footpath control to set principle
The feedback efficiency of system；Linear diameter measurement module can be arranged in downstream or the upstream position of traction module, or be arranged in extrusion die
Between head module and refrigerating module；The outlet of linear diameter measurement module mounting location extrusion die in extrusion die module,
Linear diameter measurement feedback path is shorter, and line footpath feedback efficiency is higher, but the temperature of surveyed material strip is higher, to the resistance to of linear diameter measurement module
High temperature requirement is higher；
Material strip is wound in module, and the winding of consumptive material is completed using wrap-up；In order to improve production efficiency, can be used has
The winding device of double-station or multistation；In wrapup procedure, wrap-up need to have constant moment of force driving capability, and need to have
Winding and winding displacement coordinated signals function, to ensure that consumptive material winding is whole；Locking mode of the drum on wrap-up can be divided into manually
With automatic two ways, manual type realizes usually using locking nut and locks that automated manner is usually using pneuma-lock mechanism
Realize locking.
The function of each module is as follows：
Material compounding module has the function of the premix of multi-component masses and control compounding time；
Drying and dehydrating module has the function of that drying and dehydrating carries out drying and pre-crystallized processing to material, while having control
The function of drying temperature processed and time；
Mixing module plays mixing and is mixed to the material after drying and dehydrating and build the function of extruding out；
Voltage stabilizing module has reduction because of material filling shape in driving voltage fluctuation, vibration equipment, temperature fluctuation and screw rod
The function of double screw extruder pressure oscillation caused by state changes；
Extrusion die module has the function of extrusioning shaping, can limit material strip shape and diameter；
The function of refrigerating module is that material strip temperature is reduced to room temperature；
Traction module, which plays the role of providing after consumptive material squeezes out, conveys power；
Storage line module has the function of that storage line caches material strip；
Linear diameter measurement module, which has, to be measured material strip line footpath and joins with traction module, Voltage stabilizing module and mixing module
The function of dynamic control material strip line footpath；
Material strip winding module has the function of material strip winding, winding displacement.
Material strip after rolling winding displacement can be used for 3D printing, also known as 3D printing consumptive material.
A kind of a kind of twin-screw that double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities is relied on is crowded
Go out machine mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: the material of certain formula rate is premixed in batch mixer, the material after premix is output to drying again
Dewatering module；
Wherein, the material after premix is output to drying and dehydrating module and can be realized by manual or automatic mode；Wherein, automatically
The realization of mode is usually using automatic charging machine；
Step 2: the material after premix is carried out drying and pre-crystallized processing by drying and dehydrating mould drying hopper in the block, and
It will treated that dried material exports that downstream is given to be kneaded module；
It is worth noting that, under certain materials or production environment, drying and dehydrating module can be omitted；
Step 3: be kneaded module need according to different formulations processing technology require correct double screw extruder machine barrel and its
The material of screw combinations form, previous step carries out mixing extrusion by being kneaded module；
Wherein, according to technique difference, the side spout of the machine barrel of double screw extruder, natural exhaust outlet or vaccum exhaust outlet
It can be omitted；And screw design need to consider the position of main spout, side spout, natural exhaust outlet and vaccum exhaust outlet and add
Work technological requirement；
Step 4: the smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine in Voltage stabilizing module can reduce the material pressure for being kneaded module outlet
Fluctuation, and be pressurized and squeeze out the extruded die head module of material；
Step 5: extrusion die module will pass through material setting after supercharged, traction module by the material strip of extrusion draw to
Refrigerating module；
Wherein, extrusion die can be divided into the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function and not have cold in extrusion die module
But the extrusion die of shapping function first two, with cooling and shaping function extrusion die by temperature of charge be cooled to melting temperature with
Under, it is done directly sizing, so as to omit linear diameter measurement module and can be to avoid complicated line footpath coordinated signals；Material passes through
Extrusion die without cooling and shaping function need to build in traction storage line module the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear,
The actuating speed of smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine in the screw speed of double screw extruder, Voltage stabilizing module is kneaded in module
Between coordinated signals algorithm, to ensure the accuracy and stability of line footpath；
Step 6: material strip is cooled to room temperature by refrigerating module, to which material strip is fixed-type；
Wherein, refrigerating module is mainly made of first device for cooling and cryogenic system two parts；First device for cooling is usually to have temperature
The thermostatic water bath for controlling function, to reduce the cooling meat of material strip line footpath；Cryogenic system can be divided into air-cooled and two kinds of forms of water cooling；
Step 7: rotating traction material strip by the carry-over pinch rolls of draft gear in traction module, the material strip through traction is conveyed
Into storage line module；
Wherein, the design of draft gear needs to consider the distance adjustor of carry-over pinch rolls, to adapt to the traction of different line footpath material strips；
Step 8: storage line module temporarily stores material strip by wire storage device, the material strip of storage is needed by linear diameter measurement mould
Block enters material strip winding module；
Wherein, wire storage device is different according to the space layout of equipment, can be divided into horizontally disposed and two kinds of shapes of vertical arrangement
Formula can take up an area according to preparation facilities and be selected with layout requirements, design storage line length；
Step 9: using caliper measurements material strip line footpath in linear diameter measurement module, measures qualified material strip and wound through material strip
Module completes the winding of material strip；
Wherein, it need to consider suitably to calibrate range when caliper type selecting, calibrate precision and temperature tolerance, when arranging caliper
The feedback length that wire diameter control should be shortened as far as possible, improves the feedback efficiency of wire diameter control；
Step 10: wrap-up completes the winding of material strip in material strip winding module；
Wherein, the winding device with double-station or multistation can be used to improve production efficiency in wrap-up；
So far, from step 1 to step 10, a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material is constituted
Preparation method.
Advantageous effect
The utility model proposes a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities, can use
In preparing 3D printing consumptive material be made of multi-component complex co-mixing system and that line footpath required precision is high, have following beneficial to effect
Fruit：
(1) the utility model is using mixing module and Voltage stabilizing module, it is ensured that multi-component complex co-mixing system material formula
Mixed refining process, and play the role of steady extruding pressure；
(2) the utility model proposes extrusion die module in, using the extrusion die and not with cooling and shaping function
It when extrusion die with cooling and shaping function, can coordinate effective controlling soil moist, ensure the line footpath essence of 3D printing consumptive material
Degree requires and stability；
(3) the utility model proposes refrigerating module in, air-cooled/water cooling double-station interchangeabling form can be used in cooling device,
To adapt to the cooling of variety classes material；
(4) the utility model proposes linear diameter measurement module arrangement position, it is ensured that the caliper of different heatproof degree with
The mode of highest feedback efficiency carries out linear diameter measurement；
(5) in the modules mentioned by the utility model different type device performance evaluation, can from cost,
The angle of floor space, yield and 3D printing consumptive material line footpath stability optimizes integral device assembly.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate a whole set of preparation facilities of the utility model, below by required use in embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it is therefore apparent that attached drawing below is only some embodiments of the utility model, in this field
Those of ordinary skill for, without creative efforts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other accompanying drawings；
Fig. 1 is a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material system in the utility model and embodiment 1
The complete assembly diagram of standby device；
Fig. 2 is a kind of in the utility model and embodiment 1 to be suitable for preparing the inorganic particle additive containing higher proportion
3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities screw combinations；
Fig. 3 is air-cooled in the utility model and embodiment 1/water cooling double-station cooling device structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is a kind of 3D printing using the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function in the utility model and embodiment 2
The complete assembly diagram of consumptive material preparation facilities；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function in the utility model and embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is the structure of cooling block in the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function in the utility model and embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 be in the utility model and embodiment 3 it is a kind of be suitable for produce PEEK material 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities
Complete assembly diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describe.It should be pointed out that the implementation of the application is not limited to the following examples, appoint to what the application was done
What formal accommodation or change will fall into scope of protection of the utility model.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 show a kind of complete assembly of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities.
By material compounding module, drying and dehydrating module, be kneaded module, Voltage stabilizing module, extruder head module, refrigerating module, traction module,
Storage line mould is fast, linear diameter measurement module and material strip winding module composition.It is 1 that the preparation facilities, which can produce consumptive material radical, and yield is in 5-
15kg/h can ensure required precision of the material strip diameter within the scope of 1.75 ± 0.02mm.Modules listed by Fig. 1 are now directed to correspond to
The major parameter and feature of equipment are introduced.
In Fig. 1, material compounding module is made of batch mixer and automatic charging machine.Wherein, the power of motor of batch mixer configuration
For 0.75kW, cylinder and stirrer paddle select stainless steel 304 material, compounding time that can set.Wherein, the electricity of automatic charging machine
Acc power is for 0.75kW, it can be achieved that the material lifting of highest 4m.
In Fig. 1, the bucket volume of drying hopper is 7.5L, heater power 4.5kW, power of fan in drying and dehydrating module
For 100W.Hot wind flow problem in drying machine is considered when design, using bent tube type hot-air channel, can avoid material long-time heap
Product is at bucket bottom.Cylinder and stirrer paddle select stainless steel 304 material.
In Fig. 1, it is kneaded double screw extruder in module, screw diameter 35mm, draw ratio 40, main motor current is
18.5KW, maximum speed 600rpm.A main charge door, an auxiliary charge door, a natural exhaust outlet are arranged on machine barrel
With a vaccum exhaust outlet.Fig. 2 gives the double-screw extruder screw and machine barrel combination diagram.Main charge door is arranged in
1 section machine barrel, auxiliary charge door and natural exhaust outlet are arranged in Section 5 machine barrel, and vaccum exhaust outlet is arranged in Section 9 machine barrel.The group
Close the 3D printing consumptive material for being particularly suitable for preparing the inorganic particle additive containing higher proportion.Part inorganic particle additive is with poly-
It closes object matrix to be added in screw rod from main spout, complete the melting of polymeric matrix in 2-4 section machine barrels rapidly and gathers
Close the blending of object and inorganic particle additive.Auxiliary charge door and natural exhaust outlet, remaining inorganic powder are offered on Section 5 machine barrel
Body additives are added from auxiliary charge door, and converge with the polymer melt for being blended with inorganic particle additive for coming upstream, melt
Body further wraps inorganic particle additive downstream transport.Natural exhaust outlet on the section machine barrel can will be mixed in two-way stream
Miscellaneous air discharge.The mixing of material is completed in 6-8 section machine barrels.In Section 9 machine barrel position, by way of vacuumizing,
Small molecule volatile matter is discharged.Section 10 machine barrel inner screw plays the role of screw extrusion, and being provided for subsequent melt gear pump must
The feed pressure wanted.In addition to Section 1 machine barrel carries out forcing cooling, other machine barrels carry out heating cooling control, and maximum temperature is
400℃.Main feeder is single screw rod metering feeding device, wherein band horizontal mixer, to prevent building bridge.Auxiliary feeder is twin-screw
It is Compulsory feeder used, force push material.
In Fig. 1, the discharge capacity of smelt gear pump is 7cm in Voltage stabilizing module3/ r, maximum speed 50r/min.The modulus m of gear
=1.5, tooth number Z=20.It is driven using servo motor, power P=2kW.Its entrance arranges melt force sensor, to entering
Mouth pressure, outlet pressure and entrance pressure difference measure, to ensure equipment operational safety.The highest work temperature of smelt gear pump
Degree is 400 DEG C.
In Fig. 1, extrusion die module uses the extrusion die without cooling and shaping function, material to leave extrusion die and go out
It will appear extrusion swelling phenomenon when mouth.In control system, extruded velocity, extrusion swelling, extrusion die die size are considered
The influence of transitivity parameter, build in traction module the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear, double screw extruder screw rod
Rotating speed, smelt gear pump rotor speed between coordinated signals algorithm, to ensure the accuracy and stability of line footpath.
In Fig. 1, refrigerating module includes first device for cooling and cryogenic system two parts.Wherein just device for cooling uses thermostatic water bath.
Water temperature is controlled at 40 DEG C, to reduce the cooling meat of consumptive material line footpath.Cryogenic system uses air-cooled/water cooling double-station interchangeabling form.
Air-cooled/water cooling double-station cooling device structure is as shown in Figure 3.Air cooled box 101 and cold rinse bank 102 are connected using connecting rod 103.Wind
There is at least two groups guide rail sleeve 104 on ice chest 101 and cold rinse bank 102.Guide rail 105 across guide rail sleeve 104 is fixed on fixing bracket
On 106.Air cooled box 101 and cold rinse bank 102 can slide on guide rail 105.Rotatable leading screw is installed on fixing bracket 106
107, it is realized and is rotated by rotating handle 108.There is nut 109 on air cooled box 101 and cold rinse bank 102.Nut 109 and leading screw 107
Constitute ball-screw transmission mechanism.By 108 rotational lead screw 107 of handle, nut 109 is presented to be transported along the straight line of leading screw axis
It is dynamic, to realize the change in location of air cooled box 101 and cold rinse bank 102.Make when processing the 3D printing consumptive material of the materials such as PLA, ABS
With water cooling form, air-cooled form is used when processing the 3D printing consumptive material of PA, PEEK material.The length of first device for cooling is 2.5m,
The length of cryogenic system is 4m.
In Fig. 1, draft gear uses servo motor driving system in traction module, and the power of motor is 0.75kw.This leads
Leading-in device has carry-over pinch rolls distance adjustor, to adapt to the traction of different line footpath 3D printing consumptive materials.Ultrasonic wave is installed in traction rollers
Sensor, to measure the rotating speed and turnning circle of carry-over pinch rolls, to calculate the throughput rate and total length of consumptive material.
In Fig. 1, wire storage device realizes constant tensile control using electromagnetic clutch in storage line module.Using horizontally disposed storage line
Device is installed on the top of cooling device, and maximum storage line length is 100m.
In Fig. 1, twin shaft caliper is used in linear diameter measurement module, can be analyzed while measuring 3D printing consumptive material diameter
The circularity of 3D printing consumptive material cross sectional shape.Measurement maximum range is 10mm, and measurement accuracy 0.001mm, highest heatproof is 60 DEG C.
In Fig. 1, material strip winds wrap-up tool in module and is all made of servo motor there are two station is wound and is controlled.
The device uses drum pneuma-lock mechanism, can effectively reduce labor intensity of operating staff, improves winding efficiency.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 4 give it is a kind of using with cooling and shaping function extrusion die 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities it is complete
Assembly diagram.By material compounding module, drying and dehydrating module, it is kneaded module, Voltage stabilizing module, extruder head module, cooling mould
Block, traction module, storage line mould are fast and material strip winding module forms.It is 1 that the preparation facilities, which can produce consumptive material radical, and yield is in 5-
15kg/h can ensure required precision of the material strip diameter within the scope of 1.75 ± 0.02mm.
Equipment feature and parameter included by the present embodiment is substantially consistent with embodiment 1.As different from Example 1, by
The extrusion die with cooling and shaping function is used in extrusion die module, so the complete assembly proposed in embodiment 2
Do not include linear diameter measurement module in scheme, while also avoiding complicated coordinated signals algorithm.But it needs using accurate and spirit
Quick temperature control system to control extrusion die into trip temperature, both can guarantee that cooling of the material in extrusion die is fixed
Type, and can guarantee that material is smoothly squeezed out.Fig. 5 gives the extrusion die structural schematic diagram with cooling and shaping function, wherein
Including 3 shaped blocks and 1 head connector.Wherein 202,203,204 be shaped block, and 201 be head connector.Along extrusion
The internal diameter in direction, shaped block gradually decreases to 1.75mm from 4mm.Cohesive position has transition chamfering, avoids flow blind angle.Fig. 6 gives
The structure of shaped block in the extrusion die with cooling and shaping function is gone out, wherein 2001 be inner sleeve, 2002 be housing, and the two is logical
It crosses welding manner to be combined, forms cooling medium stream circulation passage.It is respectively mounted heater and heat on shaped block and head connector
Galvanic couple.Temperature control instrument receives the temperature signal from thermocouple, and carries out heating cooling control using pid algorithm.Further, since
Consumptive material is shaped in extrusion die, and diameter is determined by sizing section diameter, no longer needs to calculate using complicated coordinated signals
Method ensures 3D printing consumptive material line footpath.The mode inspected by random samples offline can be used in wire rod production process and detect line footpath data, such as send out
The phenomenon that raw 3D printing consumptive material line footpath exceeds prescribed limit, illustrates that mould shape section is worn, replaced.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 7 gives a kind of complete assembly for being suitable for producing PEEK material 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities.Matched by material
Mixed module, is kneaded module, Voltage stabilizing module, extruder head module, refrigerating module, traction module, storage line mould at drying and dehydrating module
Soon, linear diameter measurement module and material strip winding module composition.
Equipment feature and parameter included by the present embodiment is substantially consistent with embodiment 1.As different from Example 1, it is
Internal stress is shunk and is generated in degradation after avoiding high temperature PEEK melts from meeting water, and the refrigerating module of embodiment 3 does not configure just cold charge
It sets (thermostatic water bath).
Illustrated above is the embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principle of this utility model, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It is considered as the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities, it is characterised in that：It include mainly object
Material compounding module, is kneaded module, Voltage stabilizing module, extrusion die module, refrigerating module, traction module, storage line at drying and dehydrating module
Module, linear diameter measurement module and material strip wind module.
2. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Material is compounded module mainly including batch mixer and its with circuits and supplies conveying equipment；Material is compounded mould
Block includes two kinds of manual type and automated manner；Wherein automated manner may include automatic charging machine again；
Drying and dehydrating module includes mainly drying hopper, heater, wind turbine and its support circuit and material delivery pipe road；
It includes double screw extruder, main feeder and auxiliary feeder to be kneaded module mainly；
Wherein, the screw diameter of the double screw extruder is between 18-75mm, and between 32-60, twin-screw squeezes draw ratio
The core component for going out machine is machine barrel and screw rod, and machine barrel and screw rod are all made of modular combination form；Machine barrel operating temperature is set
Ranging from 160-380 DEG C, to meet the manufacturing technique requirent of different formulations material, machine barrel generally includes main spout, side feeding
Mouth, natural exhaust outlet and vaccum exhaust outlet；
Wherein, according to technique difference, side spout, natural exhaust outlet or vaccum exhaust outlet can be omitted；Double screw extruder spiral shell
The design of bar not only need to consider main spout, side spout, natural exhaust outlet and vaccum exhaust outlet position, but also also need to
It requires to be modified according to the processing technology of different formulations；
Main feeder is connected with twin-screw extrusion owner's spout, in a manner of twin-screw or single screw rod metering feeding based on；Auxiliary
Feeder and double screw extruder auxiliary charge door are connected, in a manner of twin-screw forced feed based on.
3. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine may be used in the Voltage stabilizing module；
Wherein, the design principle of smelt gear pump is on the basis of meeting yield, and gear parameter selection makes gear pair as far as possible
Registration improves and tooth socket volume reduces；The design principle of single screw extrusion machine is, on the basis of meeting yield, carries as far as possible
High screw rod builds pressure energy power.
4. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Extrusion die module is installed on Voltage stabilizing module downstream, and extruder die is circle, and being divided into has the function of cooling and shaping
With without two kinds of forms of cooling and shaping function；
When using with cooling and shaping function extrusion die when, in extrusion die, temperature of charge be cooled to melting temperature with
Under, sizing is completed, room temperature is cooled to by refrigerating module；
It needs to ensure its cooling capacity appropriate and accurate sensitive temperature tune when this extrusion die and its Control System Design
Control ability not only can guarantee that material carried out cooling and shaping in extrusion die, but also can guarantee that material is smoothly squeezed out；
Since extrusion die assumes responsibility for partial warm down function, so in the case where keeping entire unit cooling capacity constant, it can
To shorten the length of downstream refrigerating module to a certain extent, the floor space of the present apparatus is reduced；
When using the extrusion die for not having cooling and shaping function, the meeting after leaving extrusion die of the material in molten condition
There is extrusion swelling phenomenon, needs to consider the side such as extruded velocity, extrusion swelling, extrusion die die size, physical parameter
The influence in face, the spiral shell for building in traction module the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear, being kneaded double screw extruder in module
Coordinated signals algorithm between the actuating speed of bar rotating speed, the smelt gear pump of Voltage stabilizing module or single screw extrusion machine, to ensure
The accuracy and stability of line footpath.
5. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Refrigerating module is mainly made of first device for cooling and cryogenic system two parts；First device for cooling is usually to have temperature control work(
The thermostatic water bath of energy, to reduce the cooling meat of material strip line footpath；Cryogenic system can be divided into air-cooled and two kinds of forms of water cooling；Air-cooled shape
In formula, apply forced air thermal convection current around material strip；In water cooling form, by material strip infiltration in the cooling water circulated；
Since the physical parameter of material strip is different, the type of cooling that cryogenic system is determined according to physical parameter is needed；For example, for high temperature
It is lower meet water degradation material need to use it is air-cooled, in order to avoid influence squeeze out material strip performance；It has certain requirements material to cooling rate,
Water cooling need to be used, cooling rate is improved；In order to meet the processing of various materials, cryogenic system can be designed to that air-cooled/water cooling is double
Station interchangeabling form；When design, the connecting line of cooling medium uses flexible material, easy to remove or dismounting；Work as processing materials
When type is relatively fixed, air-cooled or water cooling form cryogenic system can be selected according to physical property feature；For certain extraordinary objects
Material, refrigerating module can not also include first device for cooling；Air-cooled cryogenic system is usually air cooled box；Water-cooled cryogenic system is usual
For cold rinse bank.
6. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Traction module includes mainly draft gear, and draft gear includes carry-over pinch rolls；It needs to consider carry-over pinch rolls when designing
Distance adjustor, to adapt to the traction of different line footpath material strips；The driving device that draft gear need to be distributed rationally, to ensure hauling speed
Stabilization；The hauling speed of draft gear need according between the practical line footpath measured of material strip and setting line footpath difference and
The change of divergence rate builds control algolithm；Usually calculated also according to carry-over pinch rolls rotating speed in draft gear and carry-over pinch rolls turnning circle
The throughput rate and total length of consumptive material.
7. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Storage line module includes mainly wire storage device；It need to consider that constant force appropriate and enough storage lines are long when designing
Degree, to avoid occurring when replacing charging tray in material strip winding link, consumptive material is loose, is detached from the appearance of equipment phenomenon；Wire storage device according to
The space layout of equipment is different, can be divided into horizontally disposed and two kinds of forms of vertical arrangement, can according to preparation facilities occupation of land with
Layout requirements design storage line length to select；Using it is horizontally disposed when, wire storage device is usually located at the top of cooling device, storage
Line length is designed according to the length of cooling device；When using vertical arrangement, wire storage device is usually located at the downstream of cooling device
Position need to consider floor space, and arrangement is relatively flexible, and storage line length is related with storage rack height, often consider that storage line fills
The stability set, storage line length are generally shorter.
8. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Linear diameter measurement module includes caliper, carries out consumptive material linear diameter measurement；The line footpath parameter that caliper measurements obtain is to lead
Draw in module in the velocity of rotation of carry-over pinch rolls in draft gear, the screw speed for being kneaded module double screw extruder, Voltage stabilizing module
The important parameter of the actuating speed coordinated signals of smelt gear pump or single screw extrusion machine；Wherein, it needs to consider when caliper type selecting
It is suitable to calibrate range and effectively calibrate precision；Currently, common caliper has uniaxial and two kinds of twin shaft, cut with meeting material strip
The measurement request of face shape geometric parameter；
The position of wire ga(u)ging equipment has vital influence, arrangement former the draw property of material strip wire diameter control
It is then to shorten the feedback length of wire diameter control as far as possible under the premise of ensureing caliper normal work, improve wire diameter control
Feedback efficiency；Linear diameter measurement module can be arranged in downstream or the upstream position of traction module, or be arranged in extrusion die head mould
Between block and refrigerating module；The outlet of linear diameter measurement module mounting location extrusion die in extrusion die module, line footpath
Measurement feedback path is shorter, and line footpath feedback efficiency is higher, but the temperature of surveyed material strip is higher, to the high temperature resistant of linear diameter measurement module
It is required that higher；
Material strip is wound in module, and the winding of consumptive material is completed using wrap-up；In order to improve production efficiency, can be used with duplex
The winding device of position or multistation；In wrapup procedure, wrap-up need to have constant moment of force driving capability, and need to have winding
With winding displacement coordinated signals function, with ensure consumptive material winding it is whole；Locking mode of the drum on wrap-up can be divided into it is artificial and from
Dynamic two ways, manual type realize usually using locking nut and lock that automated manner is realized usually using pneuma-lock mechanism
Locking.
9. a kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation facilities according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The function of each module is as follows：
Material compounding module has the function of the premix of multi-component masses and control compounding time；
Drying and dehydrating module has the function of that drying and dehydrating carries out drying and pre-crystallized processing to material, while having control dry
The function of dry temperature and time；
Mixing module plays mixing and is mixed to the material after drying and dehydrating and build the function of extruding out；
Voltage stabilizing module has reduction because of material occupied state change in driving voltage fluctuation, vibration equipment, temperature fluctuation and screw rod
The function of double screw extruder pressure oscillation caused by change；
Extrusion die module has the function of extrusioning shaping, can limit material strip shape and diameter；
The function of refrigerating module is that material strip temperature is reduced to room temperature；
Traction module, which plays the role of providing after consumptive material squeezes out, conveys power；
Storage line module has the function of that storage line caches material strip；
Linear diameter measurement module, which has, to be measured material strip line footpath and is controlled with traction module, Voltage stabilizing module and mixing module linkage
The function of material strip line footpath processed；
Material strip winding module has the function of material strip winding, winding displacement.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106985363A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-28 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation technology |
| CN115871190A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-31 | 济南嗒凛洺鄢生物科技有限公司 | Tubulation mould of PVC inside lining cable pipe |
-
2017
- 2017-05-16 CN CN201720539706.4U patent/CN207669729U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106985363A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-28 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of double screw extruder mixing extrusion one-step method 3D printing consumptive material preparation technology |
| CN115871190A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-31 | 济南嗒凛洺鄢生物科技有限公司 | Tubulation mould of PVC inside lining cable pipe |
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