CN2076604U - Automatic compensator for air valve clearance of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic compensator for air valve clearance of internal combustion engine comprising a rod 1, a plunger piston 2, a plunger piston cap 3, a plunger spring 4 and a check valve. The utility model is characterized in that the plunger piston cap 3 which is of a same outside dimension and a same shape of external end surface with the rod 1 is provided with a feeding channel and an exhaust vent. The utility model fits for all four-stroke internal-combustion engines with a high-speed and reciprocating piston, in particular for organizing the standardized and commercialized producing, and a four-stroke oil or diesel engine with the cylinder diameter of 50 to 160 millimetres can be matched by two or three standards of the utility model.

Description

Automatic compensator for air valve clearance of internal combustion engine

The utility model is that a hydraulic pressure in the stroke piston combustion engine valve mechanism is adjusted element automatically, by the cup-shaped body of rod of end sealing be installed in and constitute every hollow plunger, one-way valve and piston cap etc. with valve opening in having in its hole.

U.S. Pat-4716-866-A has provided a kind of " hydraulic valve lash compensation device " that is installed on the valve rocker; The clear 63-52203 of Japan Patent has provided another kind of " driving regulator " that is installed in the valve stem tail end; China novel red flag board limousine 8V100 type internal-combustion engine has adopted a kind of " hydraulic tappet " that is installed in the cylinder block side, (Chen Jinyuan etc. compile " auto parts machinery knowledge " the 160th～161 page).Their purpose all is to replace the mechanical type valve clearance regulating mechanism that must often manually adjust with the hydraulic element that automatic adjustment function is arranged in I. C engine distribution mechanism, realizes impact, resilience, vibration and the noise of valve clearance adjustment automation, minimizing valve mechanism.Its structural principle all is that the lubricant oil in the lubricating system of IC engine is introduced the hydraulic element low pressure chamber by certain duct, introduce the hyperbaric chamber by one-way valve again, utilize the incompressibility of fluid, utilize the single effect principle of one-way valve, utilize slide-and-guide effect and suitable clearance leakage between the body of rod and the plunger to realize the automatic compensating action of hydraulic element the valve clearance.Their deficiency is: (1) versatility is poor, it does not possess general interchangeability each other, thereby the not standardization as yet so far of this element, can not standardization just be not easy to popularizing of this new technology.(2) numerous and complicated, the complex structure of kind, precision part is many, cost of production is high, thereby up to now, have the more employing in various limousines and some Dual Over Head Camshaft internal-combustion engine newly developed, a large amount of general cars, truck, tractor and various fixed operation are not all adopted this advanced person's technology as yet with middle-size and small-size four-stroke internal combustion engine (these internal-combustion engines account for more than 80% of whole world internal-combustion engine sum greatly).(3) be applied in that its function is still very incomplete in the structure of overhead-valve internal combustion engine, operational reliability is not high enough, as above-mentioned U. S. Patent and Japan Patent, though its structure is quite complicated, the exhaust measure is still undesirable.In this compensation hydraulic device, in case entrained air (in fact this is that hydraulic system is difficult to avoid), to be difficult to get rid of, because air is different with fluid, be to belong to compressible fluid, compensator function will be worsened or be destroyed, and Japanese Nissan motor corporation once did deep observation and research to this and proved this point (No. 7 29-40 pages or leaves of Japan " internal combustion office " 25 volumes).(4) give that overhead four-air valve internal-combustion engine in the internal-combustion engines such as horizontal, star, 180 degree V-arrangements, flat opposed formula is supporting still certain difficulty.This is that promptly valve disc is in a high position and valve rod sensing low level owing to the valve that has 1/2nd in this class internal-combustion engine is swung to layout.Existing various compensators are installed in here, can occur all that the hyperbaric chamber is in a high position and low pressure chamber is in the situation of low level, and air enters compensator, because of proportion is lighter, can directly enter to be in high-order hyperbaric chamber, and be gathered in the top, hyperbaric chamber and can't get rid of; In docking process, the fluid in hyperbaric chamber also can run off gradually because of deadweight, or oxidation, phenomenon such as dry take place, and air also must fire takes advantage of a weak point.So not only the running operating mode of internal-combustion engine starts operating mode and also may be destroyed.A kind of oil pressure design of Compensator scheme has also appearred in addition recently, it can't help the lubricating system of IC engine fuel feeding, but the fluid of self stocking recycles, but the consumption of fluid be impossible avoid therefore must intermittent oiling, this and regularly adjust the valve clearance and do not have difference.So the end is given and being quoted in this specification.

The purpose of the utility model, just be to keep and inherit existing hydraulic valve gap compensation technique advantage, overcome its deficiency, propose a kind of simple in structure, function is complete, reliable performance, working life are longer, especially have wide adaptability, general interchangeability strong, be convenient to produce assembling and maintain and replace, be particularly suitable for the general hydraulic valve lash compensation device of internal-combustion engine of the big production of organizational standard commercialization.

The purpose of the utility model reaches by following measure:

1, engine valve clearance automatic compensation device, by the cup-shaped body of rod of end sealing and be installed in have in the hole in every with the hollow plunger of valve opening.Formations such as one-way valve is characterized in that the other end of plunger has a piston cap, and piston cap has identical outside dimension and external end head shape---sphere with the body of rod, and the piston cap inboard has the oil inlet passage top and has exhaust port.

2, a kind of engine valve lash compensation device is on the basis of measure 1, and body of rod opening end external diameter shrinks and increases a shelves ring, and this grade ring makes whole compensator form an integral body with the maximum displacement of its bowl-shape inner edge restriction plunger.

3, on the basis of above-mentioned second kind of compensator, change two sphere terminations into plane shape, and one-way valve is a cone valve.

4, change two ends into plane on the basis of above-mentioned second kind of compensator, the center has the hole, and one-way valve is the plane valve.

The drawing of the utility model is described as follows:

Fig. 1 is the basic embodiment of the utility model, is made of the body of rod 1, plunger 2, piston cap 3, piston spring 4, valve seat 5, spring 6, firm ball 7.Its two ends is identical spheric structure.

Fig. 2 is that model utility is conceived to commercial most preferred embodiment, is made of the body of rod 1, plunger 2, piston cap 3, piston spring 4, valve seat 5, spring 6, steel ball 7, shelves ring 8.Total forms an integral body that is difficult to separate, and is convenient to pack, transports, stores, shows, connects friendship.

Fig. 3 is the embodiment that the utility model is conceived to improve reliability and durability, is made of the body of rod 1, plunger 2, piston cap 3, piston spring 4, valve seat 5, spring 6, cone valve 7, shelves ring 8.

Fig. 4 is that the utility model is conceived to durability and embodiment cheaply, is made of the body of rod 1, plunger 2, piston cap 3, piston spring 4, valve seat 5, moushroom valve 7, shelves ring 8.

To be the utility model be installed in a kind of method in horizontal Double Over Head Camshaft four gas valve IC engines (DOHC) by tappet cover 9 to Fig. 5, its down compensator system swing to installation.

Fig. 6 is that the utility model is installed in a kind of method in the horizontal Single Over Head Camshaft four gas valve IC engine valve rockers 10, and installation is swung to by compensator system under it.

Fig. 7 is that the utility model is installed in a kind of method in the horizontal Dual Over Head Camshaft four gas valve IC engine rocking arm pillar holes 11, and installation is swung to by compensator system under it.

Fig. 8 is that the utility model is installed in the method in the L-head engine tubular tappet.

Now be further described in conjunction with Fig. 2 most preferred embodiment: the body of rod 1 is the cup shell of one one end sealing, its inner chamber bottom cooperate with the cavity of resorption of plunger 2 the formation hyperbaric chamber, in the one-way valve establishing plunger return spring 4 and form by valve seat 5, spring 6, steel ball 7.Piston cap 3 cooperates with plunger 2 and forms low pressure chamber and oil inlet passage, center, the top pore that begins to rehearse.When the piston cap 3(or the body of rod 1) the exterior edge face pressure that in distribution device, is subjected to cam do the time spent, plunger is descending, hyperbaric chamber pressure raises, and closed check valve is because the incompressibility of fluid, whole compensator moves with valve and produces " tappet lift ", if too high, or, make the hyperbaric chamber oil pressure too high because of the valve mechanism expanded by heating because of the lubricating system of IC engine oil pressure, to there be fraction fluid to release, guarantee the safety of valve mechanism and accurately operation from the gap between the plunger 2 and the body of rod 1.Work as cam rotation, cross its " top arc mid point ", valve begins to close, and compensator back moves generation " journey falls in tappet " with valve again under the valve spring thrust.At this moment, if because of fluid in the tappet lift leakage or when just starting distribution device be in cold conditions and produced contraction and " valve clearance " occurred, then plunger will be under the promotion of piston spring 4, automatically rise and eliminate the valve clearance, because plunger rises, the hyperbaric chamber produces pull of vacuum, one-way valve is opened by suction, internal combustion (IC) engine lubricating oil just can be under the pressure fuel pump effect from the annulus of 3 of the body of rod 1 and piston cap, enter low pressure chamber by the oil inlet hole between piston cap 3 and the plunger 2, enter the hyperbaric chamber by one-way valve then, till being full of the hyperbaric chamber.Because the diameter of plunger is very little, the product of its garden sectional area and fluid unit pressure is much smaller than the elastic force of valve spring, so plunger can not continue to advance under the oil pressure effect, eliminate till the valve clearance and just reach, so be enough to guarantee the driving fit of valve and valve seat, simultaneously because the cushioning effect of fluid, impact during air valve drop, resilience, vibration, noise are eliminated or are weakened, because said structure feature of the present utility model, make whole compensator form that diameter is very little (to be generally the small-sized short Cylinder of 12～20MM) both ends of the surface symmetries.The small-sized short Cylinder of this end face symmetry has adaptability widely, both can be installed in tappet cover 9(Fig. 4 of various structure of overhead-valve internal combustion engine), or rocking arm 10(Fig. 5) in, or rocking arm pillar 11(Fig. 6) pilot hole in; Can be installed in various part for internal-combustion engine with side valve tubular tappet 12(Fig. 7 again) endoporus in, or rocking arm 11(referring to figure-5) in; Also can above-mentioned can various mounting points on, carry out to swing to according to the different types of actual demand of internal-combustion engine and install as compensator mounting type down among Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, it can guarantee that the hyperbaric chamber is in lower position all the time and low pressure chamber be in all the time higher position exhaust port all the time opening make progress.In such cases, the air of sneaking into is because proportion gentlier is difficult to enter hyperbaric chamber (enter on a small quantity also and can discharge from unidirectional valve opening even have), and mainly concentrate on higher low pressure chamber, just can be got rid of automatically when reciprocating owing to having exhaust port, plunger there.This shows that the utility model is applicable to all high speed four-stroke internal combustion engines; And only needing three kinds of specifications of following tabular just can satisfy various cylinder diameters is 50～160MM four-journey vapour, diesel engine supporting (this internal-combustion engine account for world's internal-combustion engine sum 80%).This is the feature that existing all engine valve gap hydraulic pressure compensators are never had.

The general hydraulic valve lash compensation device of internal-combustion engine specification Applicable scope table

Compensator specification Applicable scope

Compile plunger compensator external diameter * length petrol engine diesel engine

Number diameter (MM) is (cylinder diameter: MM) (cylinder diameter: MM) (MM)

1:9 diameter 12 * 15 50～80 50～75

2:12 diameter 16 * 20 80～105 75～105

3:15 diameter 20 * 25 105～100

In sum, the utlity model has following advantage:

(1) applicability is extremely wide: applicable to all high speed four-stroke stroke piston combustion engines;

(2) general interchangeability is extremely strong: (as above showing listed) thus therefore be suitable for especially organizational standard, the big production of commercialization can obtain high quality and low cost;

(3) simple in structure, multiple functional, dependable performance;

(4) be convenient to the assembling of internal combustion engine and maintain and replace (only need process as a part get final product) to it;

(5) be convenient in the circulation of commodities process, pack, transport, store, show, connect friendship.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of engine valve clearance automatic compensation device, by the cup-shaped body of rod of end sealing and be installed in have in its hole in every constituting with the hollow plunger of valve opening, one-way valve etc., the other end that it is characterized in that plunger has a piston cap, piston cap has identical outside dimension and external end head shape--sphere with the body of rod, and the piston cap inboard has the oil inlet passage top and has exhaust port.

2, a kind of engine valve lash compensation device, by the cup-shaped body of rod of end sealing and be installed in have in its hole in every constituting with the hollow plunger of valve opening, one-way valve etc., the other end that it is characterized in that plunger has a piston cap, piston cap has identical outside dimension and external end head shape--sphere with the body of rod, and the inboard of piston cap has oil inlet passage, the top has exhaust port, the outer constriction of body of rod opening end has one grade of ring, this grade ring has limited the maximum displacement of plunger with its bowl-shape inner edge, makes whole compensator form an integral body.

3,, it is characterized in that two ends is the plane, and one-way valve is a cone valve according to the described compensator of claim 2.

4, according to the described compensator of claim 2, it is characterized in that two ends is the plane, the center has the ball hole, and one-way valve is the plane valve.

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