CN207616264U - A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device - Google Patents
A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN207616264U CN207616264U CN201721522594.8U CN201721522594U CN207616264U CN 207616264 U CN207616264 U CN 207616264U CN 201721522594 U CN201721522594 U CN 201721522594U CN 207616264 U CN207616264 U CN 207616264U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lathe tool
- revolving stage
- horizontal revolving
- slide unit
- cutter holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of lathe tool Sharpening devices, the longitudinally reciprocal movement of lathe tool is realized by longitudinal slide unit, horizontal slide unit and into tool backlash movement, positioning is reliable, elevating mechanism can easily adjust the relative altitude of lathe tool and grinding wheel center, the sideshake of lathe tool is controlled by roll-over table, horizontal revolving stage controls lathe tool 360 degree of rotations in the horizontal plane, angle needed for lathe tool is read by dial, so as to be needed to realize the sharpening of lathe tool different angle according to processing, grinding quality, efficiency are higher than hand grinding.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of Fixture for sharpening of metal cutting tool, more particularly to one kind sword on normal sands turbine
The Sharpening device for grinding center lathe lathe tool, belongs to machine tool technical field.
Background technology
The sharpening of center lathe lathe tool is a very important ring in each colleges and universities' mechanical processing real training, and milled one meets gold
Belong to the lathe tool that cutting requires to need by long-term training process.But it is few when many colleges and universities are because of mechanical processing Practical Courses at present and appoint
Business is more, and student can not possibly take a long time to come training vehicle blade mill, and many students have this link and fear and fear
Psychology, thus sharpen out cutter quality it is difficult to ensure that, most of lathe tool also need to counselor assist reconditioning；Due to machinery
The cycle of class Major condensed pattern is more, big with knife amount, causes sharpening work is heavy can't bear.In addition, on normal sands turbine
The efficiency of progress hand grinding is low by rule of thumb, labor intensity is big, both there is security risk, grinding quality also varies with each individual, directly
Influence the stabilization of the durability and product quality of lathe tool.
Utility model content
In order to overcome in existing colleges and universities' turner real training, hand grinding lathe tool technical efficiency is low, hand labor intensity is high, safety
The deficiencies of hidden danger is big, grinding quality is unstable, the utility model offer is a kind of easy to use, safe and effective, of low cost, suitable
It with the good lathe tool Sharpening device of property, is used cooperatively with normal sands turbine, convenient for the geometric angle needed for control lathe tool, meets student
Practice needs.
Technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is：A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device, including support
Frame and the carriage saddle being fixed on supporting rack, carriage saddle bottom surface quadrangle is respectively provided with a cushion blocking；The carriage saddle with it is vertical
It is connected to slide unit dovetail, dovetail is connected with horizontal slide unit in the longitudinal slide unit, and the horizontal slide unit is equipped with turntable bearing, institute
It states turntable bearing to connect with roll-over table by central shaft, the roll-over table is equipped with horizontal revolving stage, on the horizontal revolving stage is arranged
It includes the guiding axis being fixed on horizontal revolving stage, arc-shaped supporting plate, screw rod, spherical bottom to have elevating mechanism, the elevating mechanism
The tool apron in face and the sliding sleeve being fixed on tool apron, the guiding axis are fixed in vertically in the middle part of horizontal revolving stage, the horizontal revolving stage
It is provided with threaded hole on the vertical direction of side, screw rod has been connected through a screw thread in the threaded hole, the lower end of the screw rod is located at
Horizontal revolving stage lower part is simultaneously connected with handwheel, and the upper end of the screw rod is located at horizontal revolving stage top and affixed with the arcuate surface of supporting plate,
The inner concave of the supporting plate is bonded with the spherical bottom of tool apron, and the tool apron side is connected with sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidably socketed
It fixes on guiding axis and with clamping screw or is moved along axial adjustment is oriented to；The tool apron is arranged above horizontal revolving stage, described
It is provided with cutter holder on tool apron, transparent safety cover is housed on the outside of the cutter holder.
In a kind of above-mentioned lathe tool Sharpening device, support frame as described above and abrasive machine pedestal are affixed.
In a kind of above-mentioned lathe tool Sharpening device, the carriage saddle lateral surface is provided with longitudinally through T shape sliding slots, described
Movement is fixed there are two Traffic control system block and by clamping screw or adjusted to sliding setting in T shapes sliding slot, the Traffic control system block
On be provided with adjustment bolt；The longitudinal slide unit lateral surface is equipped with locating piece, and the locating piece is between two Traffic control system blocks
It is connected by fastening bolt and longitudinal slide unit.
In a kind of above-mentioned lathe tool Sharpening device, the turntable bearing both side plate is equipped with coaxial mounting hole, the peace
It is equipped with central shaft in dress hole and is fixed with lock-screw, the central shaft is equipped with roll-over table and locks handwheel by relief angle and fixes
Or adjustment rotation；Horizontal revolving stage on the roll-over table locks handwheel by drift angle and fixes or adjust rotation；The roll-over table and
Metering scale disk is respectively provided on horizontal revolving stage.
In a kind of above-mentioned lathe tool Sharpening device, scale is carved on the guiding axis.
Buffer spring is housed in a kind of above-mentioned lathe tool Sharpening device, between the tool apron and cutter holder and passes through holding screw
It is affixed；The cutter holder is U-shaped cutter holder；The cutter holder lateral surface is equipped with fulcrum, and rotatable transparent peace is equipped on the fulcrum
Full cover, the cutter holder another side are equipped with hold-down bolt.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that by longitudinal slide unit, horizontal slide unit realize lathe tool longitudinally reciprocal movement and
Into tool backlash movement, positioning is reliable, and elevating mechanism can easily adjust the relative altitude of lathe tool and grinding wheel center, pass through roll-over table
Sideshake, the 360 degree of rotations in the horizontal plane of horizontal revolving stage control lathe tool of lathe tool are controlled, angle is read by dial needed for lathe tool
Go out, so as to be needed to realize the sharpening of lathe tool different angle according to processing, grinding quality, efficiency are higher than hand grinding；Entirely
Device is installed on by cushion blocking on supporting rack, and buffer spring is additionally provided between tool apron and cutter holder, keeps sharpening process more flat
Surely, system is damping good；It can replace human hand that lathe tool is clamped with Auxiliary support and with cutter holder, sharpening is steady, while cutter holder is equipped with
Rotatable transparent safety cover can stop that spark sputters on different sharpening positions, safe；Its manufacturing cost is low, simply
It is easy-to-use, student's also operable use of first contacts lathe work practice.
Description of the drawings
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional views in Fig. 1；
1. supporting rack as shown in the figure, 2. cushion blockings, 3. carriage saddles, 3a.T shape sliding slots, 4. longitudinal handwheels, 5. longitudinal slide units,
6. horizontal slide unit, 7. turntable supports, 7a. side plates, 8. fastening bolts, 9. roll-over tables, 9a. dials, 10. lock-screws, in 11.
Mandrel, 12. relief angles lock handwheel, and handwheel is locked in 13. drift angles, and 14. horizontal revolving stages, 15. dials, 16. clamping screws, 17. slide
Set, 18. guiding axis, 19. hold-down bolts, 20. transparent safety covers, 21. fulcrums, 22. cutter holders, 23. tool aprons, 24. supporting plates, 25. spiral shells
Bar, 26. handwheels, 27. lateral handwheels, 28. fastening bolts, 29. locating pieces, 30. clamping screws, 31. Traffic control system blocks, 32. adjust
Whole bolt, 33. holding screws, 34. springs.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings preferred implementation side of the drawing appliance with elevating function
Formula.
Embodiment：
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of lathe tool Sharpening device described in the utility model, including supporting rack 1 and it is fixed on support
Carriage saddle 3 on frame, 3 bottom surface quadrangle of the carriage saddle are respectively provided with a cushion blocking 2, the carriage saddle 3 and 5 dovetail of longitudinal slide unit
It connects, dovetail is connected with horizontal slide unit 6 in the longitudinal slide unit 5, and the horizontal slide unit 6 is equipped with turntable bearing 7, the turntable
Bearing 7 is connect by central shaft 11 with roll-over table 9, and the roll-over table 9 is equipped with horizontal revolving stage 14, is set on the horizontal revolving stage 14
It is equipped with elevating mechanism, the elevating mechanism includes the guiding axis 18 being fixed on horizontal revolving stage 14, arc-shaped supporting plate 24, screw rod
25, the tool apron 23 of spherical bottom and the sliding sleeve 17 being fixed on tool apron 23, the guiding axis 18 are fixed in horizontal revolving stage 14 vertically
Middle part is provided with threaded hole on the side vertical direction of the horizontal revolving stage 14, spiral shell has been connected through a screw thread in the threaded hole
The lower end of bar 25, the screw rod 25 is located at 14 lower part of horizontal revolving stage and is connected with handwheel 26, and the upper end of the screw rod 25 is located at water
14 top of flat turn platform is simultaneously affixed with the arcuate surface of supporting plate 24, and the inner concave of the supporting plate 24 is bonded with the spherical bottom of tool apron 23,
23 side of the tool apron is connected with sliding sleeve 17, the sliding sleeve 17 be slidably socketed on guiding axis 18 and fixed with clamping screw 16 or
It is moved along the adjustment of guiding axis 18, the tool apron 23 is arranged above horizontal revolving stage 14, and cutter holder 22, institute are provided on the tool apron 23
It states 22 outside of cutter holder and transparent safety cover 20 is housed.
Specifically, support frame as described above 1 and normal sands turbine pedestal are reliably affixed.The concrete structure of supporting rack 1 can basis
The base form rational design of normal sands turbine is simultaneously reliable affixed, and the utility model is enable to be used cooperatively with normal sands turbine；Subtract
The pad 2 that shakes is mounted between supporting rack 1 and carriage saddle 3, plays the role of elastic buffer.
Specifically, 3 lateral surface of the carriage saddle is provided in longitudinally through T shape sliding slots 3a, the T shapes sliding slot 3a sliding
Dynamic setting is there are two Traffic control system block 31 and fixes or adjust movement by clamping screw 30, is arranged on the Traffic control system block 31
There is adjustment bolt 32；5 lateral surface of the longitudinal slide unit be equipped with locating piece 29, the locating piece 29 two Traffic control system blocks 31 it
Between be connected by fastening bolt 28 and longitudinal slide unit 5.Scale can be also arranged in 3 lateral surface of the carriage saddle, relatively moved in slide unit
When the position of lathe tool is tentatively measured.Clamping screw 30 is unclamped, two Traffic control system blocks 31 can be respectively in 3 outside of carriage saddle
It slides on the T shape sliding slots 3a in face, locks clamping screw 30 after sliding to position appropriate, the adjustment on fine tuning Traffic control system block 31
Bolt 32, you can the longitudinally reciprocal stroke of lathe tool is adjusted.
Specifically, 7 both side plate 7a of the turntable bearing is equipped with coaxial mounting hole, and center is equipped in the mounting hole
Axis 11 is simultaneously fixed with lock-screw 10, and the central shaft 11 is equipped with roll-over table 9 and locks handwheel 12 by relief angle and fixes or adjust
Turn over is dynamic；Horizontal revolving stage 14 on the roll-over table 9 locks handwheel 13 by drift angle and fixes or adjust rotation；The roll-over table 9
With metering scale disk is respectively provided on horizontal revolving stage 14.It is gap-matched between roll-over table 9 and central shaft 11, it can be in the vertical plane of side
It realizes 180 degree overturning, controls the sideshake of lathe tool；It is also gap-matched, can control between horizontal revolving stage 14 and roll-over table 9
Lathe tool processed realizes 360 degree of rotations in the horizontal plane, to realize the sharpening of lathe tool different angle.
Specifically, it is carved with scale on guiding axis 18, turning tool height position is measured.Clamping screw 16 is unclamped, is turned
The dynamic handwheel 26 being connected with screw rod 25, the guiding axis 18 for keeping the sliding sleeve 17 for being fixed in 23 side of tool apron affixed along horizontal revolving stage 14
It slides up and down, so as to adjust the relative altitude of lathe tool and grinding wheel.
Specifically, equipped with buffer spring 34 and affixed by holding screw 33 between the tool apron 23 and cutter holder 22；Institute
It is U-shaped cutter holder to state cutter holder 22；22 lateral surface of the cutter holder is equipped with fulcrum 21, and rotatable transparent peace is equipped on the fulcrum 21
Full cover 20,22 another side of the cutter holder are equipped with hold-down bolt 19.Reduced using the elastic force generated after 34 stress of spring or
Prevent lathe tool shatter；Transparent safety cover 20 can be rotated around fulcrum 21, and spark sputtering is stopped on different sharpening positions.
Its course of work is by taking the minor flank for sharpening lathe tool as an example：First the lathe tool sharpened will be needed to be flat in cutter holder 22,
Hold-down bolt 19 is tightened；Roll-over table 9 is rotated, size is the front clearance of lathe tool, and angle is read by dial 9a, and locks relief angle
Lock handwheel 12；Horizontal revolving stage 14 is rotated, size is the auxiliary angle of lathe tool, and angle is read by dial 15, and locks drift angle lock
Tight handwheel 13；Clamping screw 16 is unclamped, handwheel 26 is rotated, sliding sleeve 17 is made to be slided up and down along guiding axis 18, adjusts rake face and sand
Wheel center is contour, determines the relative altitude of lathe tool and grinding wheel, and clamping screw 16 is locked；The longitudinal handwheel 4 of rotation and transverse direction
Handwheel 27 makes lathe tool slowly close to grinding wheel cylindrical but does not contact, and unclamps clamping screw 30 at this time, adjusts two Traffic control system blocks
31, to fixation behind position appropriate, finely tune adjustment bolt 32, determine the longitudinally reciprocal distance of blade；The lateral handwheel 27 of rotation,
So that lathe tool is slowly resisted against in the outer circle of grinding wheel, while rotating longitudinal handwheel 4, keeps lathe tool reciprocal in the stroke determined therewith
It is mobile, until having sharpened flank, then rotate backward 27 withdrawing of lateral handwheel.During sharpening, transparent safety cover 20 is around branch
The rotation of axis 21 can stop that spark sputters to suitable position.The sharpening process and method of the other angles of lathe tool with it is upper essentially identical,
And so on, you can the angled sharpening of lathe tool institute is completed, it is convenient and efficient and safe.
It should be noted that herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions.By sentence " including one ... the element limited, it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element ".
While there has been shown and described that the embodiments of the present invention, for the ordinary skill in the art,
It is appreciated that can these embodiments be carried out with a variety of variations in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention and spirit, repaiied
Change, replace and modification, the scope of the utility model are defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lathe tool Sharpening device, including supporting rack（1）With the carriage saddle being fixed on supporting rack（3）, the carriage saddle（3）
Bottom surface quadrangle is respectively provided with a cushion blocking（2）, the carriage saddle（3）With longitudinal slide unit（5）Dovetail connects, the longitudinal slide unit
（5）Upper dovetail is connected with horizontal slide unit（6）, the horizontal slide unit（6）It is equipped with turntable bearing（7）, the turntable bearing（7）It is logical
Cross central shaft（11）With roll-over table（9）Connection, the roll-over table（9）It is equipped with horizontal revolving stage（14）, the horizontal revolving stage（14）
It is provided with elevating mechanism, the elevating mechanism includes being fixed in horizontal revolving stage（14）On guiding axis（18）, arc-shaped supporting plate
（24）, screw rod（25）, spherical bottom tool apron（23）Be fixed in tool apron（23）On sliding sleeve（17）, the guiding axis（18）It is perpendicular
Directly it is fixed in horizontal revolving stage（14）Middle part, the horizontal revolving stage（14）Side vertical direction on be provided with threaded hole, the spiral shell
Screw rod has been connected through a screw thread in pit（25）, the screw rod（25）Lower end be located at horizontal revolving stage（14）Lower part and and handwheel
（26）It is connected, the screw rod（25）Upper end be located at horizontal revolving stage（14）Top and and supporting plate（24）Arcuate surface it is affixed, it is described
Supporting plate（24）Inner concave and tool apron（23）Spherical bottom fitting；The tool apron（23）Side is connected with sliding sleeve（17）, described
Sliding sleeve（17）It is slidably socketed in guiding axis（18）Above and with clamping screw（16）It fixes or along guiding axis（18）Adjustment movement, it is described
Tool apron（23）It is arranged in horizontal revolving stage（14）Top, the tool apron（23）On be provided with cutter holder（22）, the cutter holder（22）Outside
Equipped with transparent safety cover（20）.
2. lathe tool Sharpening device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Support frame as described above（1）It can with abrasive machine pedestal
By affixed.
3. lathe tool Sharpening device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The carriage saddle（3）Lateral surface is provided with vertical
To the T shape sliding slots of perforation（3a）, the T shapes sliding slot（3a）There are two Traffic control system blocks for interior sliding setting（31）And pass through locking screw
Bolt（30）Fixed or adjustment movement, the Traffic control system block（31）On be provided with adjustment bolt（32）；The longitudinal slide unit（5）Outside
Side is equipped with locating piece（29）, the locating piece（29）In two Traffic control system blocks（31）Between pass through fastening bolt（28）With it is vertical
To slide unit（5）It is connected.
4. lathe tool Sharpening device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The turntable bearing（7）Both side plate（7a）On
Equipped with coaxial mounting hole, central shaft is equipped in the mounting hole（11）And with lock-screw（10）It is fixed, the central shaft
（11）It is equipped with roll-over table（9）And handwheel is locked by relief angle（12）Fixed or adjustment rotation；The roll-over table（9）On level
Turntable（14）Handwheel is locked by drift angle（13）Fixed or adjustment rotation；The roll-over table（9）And horizontal revolving stage（14）On respectively set
There is metering scale disk.
5. lathe tool Sharpening device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The guiding axis（18）On be carved with scale.
6. lathe tool Sharpening device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The tool apron（23）With cutter holder（22）Between fill
There is buffer spring（34）And pass through holding screw（33）It is affixed；The cutter holder（22）For U-shaped cutter holder；The cutter holder（22）Lateral surface
Equipped with fulcrum（21）, the fulcrum（21）On rotatable transparent safety cover is installed（20）, the cutter holder（22）Another side
Equipped with hold-down bolt（19）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721522594.8U CN207616264U (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721522594.8U CN207616264U (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207616264U true CN207616264U (en) | 2018-07-17 |
Family
ID=62828639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721522594.8U Expired - Fee Related CN207616264U (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207616264U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107671611A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-09 | 宿迁学院 | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device |
| CN109227234A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏甬润工具有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional sharpening machine |
| CN111152080A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-15 | 深圳市威雄精机有限公司 | Adjustable cutter mounting device and cutter grinding equipment |
| CN112959145A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-15 | 鄂州职业大学 | Mechanical clamping and grinding machine for lathe tool |
| CN113084697A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 宿迁学院 | High stability is intelligent equipment for machine-building |
-
2017
- 2017-11-15 CN CN201721522594.8U patent/CN207616264U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107671611A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-09 | 宿迁学院 | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device |
| CN109227234A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏甬润工具有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional sharpening machine |
| CN111152080A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-15 | 深圳市威雄精机有限公司 | Adjustable cutter mounting device and cutter grinding equipment |
| CN112959145A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-15 | 鄂州职业大学 | Mechanical clamping and grinding machine for lathe tool |
| CN112959145B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-08-12 | 鄂州职业大学 | Mechanical clamping and grinding machine for lathe tool |
| CN113084697A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 宿迁学院 | High stability is intelligent equipment for machine-building |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN207616264U (en) | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device | |
| US4026073A (en) | Tool grinding machine | |
| CN102990482A (en) | Blade cutter grinding fixture | |
| CN107671611A (en) | A kind of lathe tool Sharpening device | |
| CN106695499A (en) | Multi-station continuous grinding device and method for guide vane | |
| CN205538587U (en) | Testing machine is wiped to single high -speed drawing in succession of grit | |
| US2414182A (en) | Grinding machine | |
| CN208409411U (en) | A kind of axis class centre bore grinding device | |
| CN108311967A (en) | A kind of cylindrical grinder convenient for feeding | |
| CN204036261U (en) | Grinding wheel of external grinder circular arc repairing device | |
| US2303715A (en) | Grinding wheel truing apparatus | |
| CN113618406A (en) | Metal drilling and polishing integrated device | |
| US2520228A (en) | Arrangement at centerless grinding machines | |
| CN205660490U (en) | Quick milling cutter grinds machine | |
| CN207480297U (en) | A kind of convenient grinding machine | |
| CN209050197U (en) | A kind of polishing gear rolling reamer machine | |
| GB1475902A (en) | Tool and cutter regrinding jig | |
| US3197924A (en) | Twist drill sharpener | |
| US2067531A (en) | Truing apparatus for lapping machines | |
| CN106078372B (en) | A kind of numerical control press punch inclined edge grinding tool and its application method | |
| CN209615181U (en) | A kind of tool mounting and surface grinding machine | |
| US2056149A (en) | Truing apparatus | |
| US2581496A (en) | Attachment for dressing grinding wheels | |
| US2614552A (en) | Grinding wheel dresser | |
| US3273554A (en) | Radius and tangent dresser for abrasive wheels |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180717 Termination date: 20181115 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |