CN207587825U - Battery module and battery modules - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of battery module and battery modules, battery module includes battery core bracket, cylinder manifold and battery core, its main feature is that, further include cathode heat conductive pad and anode isolation board, cylinder manifold includes upper and lower cylinder manifold, face where being respectively arranged in battery core bracket face where battery core anode and battery core cathode, it is welded to connect between upper and lower cylinder manifold and the positive and negative anodes of battery core by welding wire, positioned at the cylinder manifold of battery core anode portion, its outer layer covers anode isolation board, positioned at the cylinder manifold of battery core cathode portion, outer layer covering cathode heat conductive pad.Filled with heat-conducting glue between the utility model battery core cathode and cylinder manifold, ensure the stability of welding wire and good heat dissipation performance；Battery core anode portion is equipped with pressure release passage and back-fire relief isolation structure, and thermal runaway is avoided to spread, and will not cause the burning of entire battery system, and safety is able to high degree raising；Comprising graphite flake in battery module, the heat dissipation of battery module and soaking performance are improved.

Description

Battery modules and battery modules

technical field

The utility model relates to a battery module and a battery module group, which belong to the field of lithium battery safety and energy storage.

Background technique

Compared with traditional cars, electric vehicles have obvious advantages in terms of environmental protection. Waste pollution and noise pollution are two major pollutions of internal combustion engine vehicles. Electric vehicles do not consume gasoline, have no exhaust pollution, low noise, and low radiation. They are ideal clean vehicles. With the enhancement of human's awareness of environmental protection, the application of electric vehicles is becoming more and more extensive, so the development of battery modules and battery modules for electric vehicles has become an important topic.

In the prior art, the battery module has the problems of difficult heat dissipation and uneven heat dissipation, which affects the stability of the battery module. Aiming at this problem, there are many solutions. Chinese patent CN106340696A adopts the method of winding heating and cooling pipelines outside the battery core and circulating liquid. However, the above solution greatly increases the total weight of the battery module, and at the same time has potential safety hazards such as short circuit and liquid leakage, and is prone to failure under vibration conditions. The technology described in Chinese patent CN106257742A is limited by the characteristics of the micro heat pipe itself, the battery system has a certain placement angle requirement, and the heat pipe has a certain shape restriction, and it is not easy to fit closely with the battery cell, which affects the heat dissipation effect. Chinese patent CN205863335U adds cooling fins of the module to enhance convection cooling effect on the basis of using heat pipes, which will inevitably increase the weight of the module and reduce the energy density of the system. At the same time, fin cooling requires additional air convection space, and the volume will increase significantly, and the product does not have a competitive advantage.

In addition, after working for a long time, each cell in the battery module will catch fire or release high-heat gas. A fire or high-heat gas in one cell may cause damage to adjacent cells. There is no good solution to this problem.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, thereby providing a battery module and a battery module group, which can improve the heat dissipation performance and uniformity of heat dissipation of the battery module, prevent the battery from thermal runaway, and avoid damage to the entire battery module. Situation happens.

The technical solution of the utility model is: a battery module, including a battery cell bracket, a manifold and a battery cell, the battery cell bracket is provided with a battery cell installation hole, and the battery cell is installed in the battery cell installation hole, It is characterized in that it also includes a negative electrode thermal pad and a positive electrode separator, the manifold is provided with through holes, and each through hole corresponds to the position of the cell installation hole, and the manifold includes upper and lower manifolds, which are installed separately On the two surfaces of the cell electrode on the cell support, the upper and lower manifolds and the electrodes of the cell are connected by welding wires, and the manifold located at the positive part of the cell has an outer layer covering the positive electrode The isolation plate is the bus plate located in the negative part of the battery, and its outer layer covers the negative thermal pad.

Further, the above-mentioned battery module, wherein: the outer peripheral edge of the positive separator and the negative thermal pad is connected with a PI separator, the outer layers of the positive separator and the negative thermal pad are covered with a graphite sheet, and the graphite sheet The outer layer is covered with a heat conducting plate.

Further, the above-mentioned battery module, wherein: in the peripheral direction of each cell installation hole of the cell bracket, a barrier sheet is partially provided, and the barrier sheet protrudes from the cell installation hole, and no barrier sheet is provided on the periphery of the cell installation hole The part forms an opening.

Further, the above-mentioned battery module, wherein: the bus plate located at the negative electrode part of the battery cell has a groove around its through hole, one end of the welding wire is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the other end is connected to the groove. The groove and the space between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the top of the barrier sheet are filled with thermally conductive glue, and the negative electrode thermal pad is connected to the bus plate at the negative electrode part of the battery cell through the thermally conductive glue.

Furthermore, the above battery module, wherein: the bus plate located at the positive part of the cell has a thickness smaller than the height of the barrier sheet, the positive electrode separator is installed outside the outermost edge of the barrier sheet, and the cell support, the manifold , the opening, the positive separator and the barrier sheets between the adjacent cell installation holes form a pressure relief channel.

Furthermore, in the above battery module, wherein: the outer peripheral surface of the battery cell support is provided with a pressure relief port, and the pressure relief port communicates with the pressure relief channel.

Furthermore, in the above battery module, the cell installation holes are adjacently arranged along the vertical direction of the barrier sheet, and the cell installation holes are arranged at intervals along the direction of the opening.

The utility model also discloses a battery module group, which includes at least two above-mentioned battery modules, each battery module is connected by a connecting piece before, and the outermost battery module at both ends is provided with an insulating partition. The outside of the partition is provided with a module bracket.

The outstanding substantive features and remarkable technical progress of the utility model are mainly reflected in:

(1) The battery cell and the bus plate are connected by welding with welding wire. When the battery cell is abnormal and the actual output current exceeds the limit current, the welding wire will be fused, so that the abnormal battery cell and the bus plate will be disconnected. Affect the work of other cells;

(2) Thermal conductive glue is filled between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the manifold, and the outer layer of the manifold of the negative electrode of the battery cell is connected with a negative electrode thermal pad to ensure the stability of the welding wire and good heat dissipation performance;

(3) The positive part of the battery cell is equipped with a pressure relief channel and a fire-blocking isolation structure. When a single battery cell catches fire or releases high-heat gas, the high-energy and high-heat material will not directly contact other cells, and will be led out of the module. Rapid decompression and cooling, avoiding the spread of thermal runaway, will not cause the entire battery system to burn, and the safety can be greatly improved;

(4) Graphite sheets are provided on the outer layer of the positive electrode separator and the negative electrode thermal pad. The graphite sheet has good thermal conductivity and heat uniformity, which improves the heat dissipation performance and temperature uniformity of the battery module, and ensures the working stability of the battery module.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an explosion diagram of the battery module of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative electrode of the battery cell;

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of the negative pole of the battery cell;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positive part of the cell;

Fig. 5 is a top view of the positive electrode part of the battery cell;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of cells on the top surface of the battery module;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery module.

In the figure, the meanings of the reference signs are: 1—cell support, 2—manifold plate, 3—negative thermal pad, 4—positive separator, 5—PI separator, 6—graphite sheet, 7—heat conduction plate, 8—welding wire, 9—battery core, 10—connector, 11—insulating partition, 12—module bracket, 13—acquisition board, 14—barrier sheet, 15—opening, 16—pressure relief channel, 21—concave Groove, 22—lead out the manifold.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific implementation of the utility model will be further described in detail, so as to make the technical solution of the utility model easier to understand and grasp.

As shown in Figure 1, the surface where the electrodes of the battery cell 9 in the battery module are located is now defined as the upper and lower sides, the surface where the outer periphery of the battery cell support 1 is located corresponding to the long side is the front and rear, and the surface where the outer circumference of the battery cell support 1 is located corresponding to the short side is the left side. , on the right.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, the battery module includes a cell support 1, a manifold 2, a negative thermal pad 3, a positive separator 4, a PI separator 5, a graphite sheet 6, a thermal plate 7 and a cell 9 , the cell support 1 is provided with a cell installation hole, the cell 9 is installed in the cell installation hole of the cell support 1, the manifold 2 is installed on the upper and lower sides of the cell support 1, the upper and lower manifolds 2 and The positive and negative poles of each battery cell 9 are welded and connected by welding wire 8 , and the welding wire 8 runs through the battery cell installation hole and the through hole of the bus plate 2 . The outer layer of the manifold 2 located at the positive part of the cell 9 covers the positive separator 4, the outer layer of the manifold 2 located at the negative part of the cell 9 covers the negative thermal pad 3, and the PI separator 5 is provided on the upper and lower positive electrodes The outer peripheral edge of the separator 4 and the negative heat conduction pad 3 , the graphite sheet 6 covers the outer layers of the upper and lower positive separator 4 and the negative heat conduction pad 3 , and the heat conduction plate 7 covers the outer layers of the upper and lower graphite sheets 6 . Taking the 18650 battery cell as an example, due to the structural relationship of the battery cell 9 itself, the temperature of the negative terminal of the battery cell 9 is relatively high when the battery cell 9 is working, so it is necessary to dissipate heat for the negative electrode part of the battery cell 9 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , the positive end of the battery cell 9 is provided with a pressure relief port 91 , therefore, the positive electrode part of the battery cell 9 needs to be treated to prevent thermal runaway. Therefore, the positive electrode separator 4 is set corresponding to the positive part of the battery cell 9, and the negative electrode thermal pad 3 is set corresponding to the negative part of the battery cell 9. The PI separator is a kind of anti-insulation and heat-conducting material, which can prevent leakage without affecting the heat conduction function. The graphite sheet 6 has good thermal conductivity and heat uniformity, which ensures the temperature uniformity on the surface of the battery module, and can conduct heat well to the outer heat conduction plate 7 . Among them, the welding wire 8 is preferably aluminum wire, and the bus plate 2 and the heat conducting plate 7 are preferably aluminum plates. A collection board 13 is also provided on the cell support 1, and the collection board 13 is connected with the cells 9 in the battery module, so that the detection device can detect data related to the cells through the collection board. Two lead-out manifolds 22 are provided on the cell support 1, and the lead-out manifolds 22 are connected to the manifold 2, and the lead-out manifolds 22 are corresponding to the positive and negative poles of the battery module.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in the peripheral direction of each cell mounting hole of the cell support 1, a barrier sheet 14 is partially provided, and the barrier sheet 14 protrudes from the cell mounting hole of the cell support 1, and the cell mounting hole The part that is not provided with barrier sheet forms opening 15, and is positioned at the bus plate 2 of electric core 9 negative electrode parts, and its through-hole periphery is provided with groove 21, and the opening of groove 21 faces opening 15 that barrier sheet 14 forms, and welding wire 8 one end and The negative electrode of the battery cell 9 is welded and connected, and the other end is welded in the groove 21 on the manifold 2. The entire groove 21 and the space between the negative electrode of the battery cell 9 and the top of the barrier sheet 14 are filled with thermally conductive adhesive, and the thermally conductive adhesive wraps the entire welding The wire 8 ensures the stability of the welding wire 8, and the negative electrode thermal pad 3 is pasted on the outer layer of the manifold 2 through thermal adhesive. The heat of the negative pole of the battery cell 9 can be conducted to the negative heat conduction pad 3 through the heat conduction glue, so that the entire negative pole heat conduction pad 3 can be used as a heat dissipation surface, the heat dissipation area is large, and the heat dissipation effect is good.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, on the periphery of each cell mounting hole of the cell support 1, a part of the barrier sheet 14 is provided, and the barrier sheet 14 protrudes from the cell mounting hole of the cell support 1, and the part without the barrier sheet Two openings 15 are formed, and two barrier sheets 14 are provided, and two openings 15 are formed correspondingly, and two openings 15 form a channel. The bus plate 2 located at the positive part of the cell 9 has a thickness smaller than the height of the barrier sheet 14, and the positive separator 3 is installed on the outermost edge of the barrier sheet 14, so that the cell support 1, the manifold 2, the opening 15, the positive electrode A pressure relief channel 16 is formed between the isolation plate 3 and the barrier sheet 14 between the adjacent cell installation holes. The height of the pressure relief channel 16 is preferably 0.5-4 mm, particularly preferably 1-3 mm. As shown in FIG. 6 , a pressure relief port is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cell support 1 , and the pressure relief port communicates with the pressure relief channel 16 . As shown in Figure 4, since the barrier plate 14 is provided, if the positive electrode of the battery cell 9 emits fire or sprays hot air pressure, it will be restricted by the barrier plate 14 in the left and right direction and cannot be ejected, and only through the pressure relief channel 16 from the pressure relief port. squirt.

As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the positive electrode of the electric core 9 can only emit fire or hot air pressure in the front and back direction (the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 6). The cell installation holes are adjacently arranged in the left and right directions, and arranged at intervals in the front and rear directions, so that the distance between adjacent cells 9 in the front and rear directions is relatively large, thereby ensuring that when a cell 9 emits fire, its flame distance is smaller than that of the front and rear The distance between adjacent cells 9 in the direction. What needs to be explained here is that the above-mentioned arrangement of cells 9 in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction is only a preferred solution. The reason is that the barrier sheets 14 are arranged in the left-right direction, and the openings 15 are arranged in the front-rear direction. In the direction of the cell, the distance between the adjacent cell mounting holes in the cell bracket is at a safe distance, that is, the distance is greater than the maximum distance for the cell to spray fire, and it is enough to ensure that the cells 9 do not affect each other. Based on this, the cell installation holes are adjacently arranged along the vertical direction of the barrier sheet 14 , and the cell installation holes are arranged at intervals along the direction of the opening 15 . The distance between two adjacent battery cells 9 along the vertical direction of the barrier sheet 14 is preferably 15-25 mm, and the distance between two battery cells 9 arranged along the direction of the opening 15 is 25-35 mm.

As shown in Figure 6, a battery module in the present invention includes 84 electric cores 9, adopts 42P2S structure (84 electric cores are divided into two groups, a group of 42 electric cores, 42 electric cores in two groups are mutually connected in parallel , two sets of batteries are connected in series), the left half and right half of the battery module each contain 42 battery cells 9, the negative poles of the battery cells 9 in the left half face the top surface of the battery module, and the positive poles of the battery cells 9 in the right half face the battery module top. Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 6 , the manifold 2 located on the top surface of the cell support 1 is divided into left and right two independent manifolds 2 , and the left manifold 2 is provided with a groove 21 whose specific connection structure can be Refer to Figure 2, Figure 3 and the description above about the connection structure between the negative pole of the battery cell 9 and the manifold 2. Similarly, for the specific connection structure of the manifold 2 on the right side of the top surface of the battery module, please refer to Figure 4 and the above description about the positive pole of the battery cell 9 Description of connection structure with manifold 2. The manifold 2 located on the bottom of the cell support 1 is a complete manifold, so that the structure of 42P2S can be realized, and the manifold 2 located on the bottom of the cell support 1 corresponds to the structure of the positive and negative poles of the cell 9. The above is the same, and will not be repeated here. Of course, the above scheme is only the preferred scheme, and the arrangement of the batteries is set according to actual needs. Specifically, grooves 21 are provided on the bus plate 2 on the bottom of the cell support 1 , the outside of which covers the negative thermal pad 3 , and the bus plate 2 on the top of the cell support 1 covers the positive separator 4 on the outside.

The utility model also discloses a battery module. As shown in FIG. 7 , a battery module includes 6 battery modules, and each battery module is connected by a connector 10 before, and the connector 10 is preferably a copper bar. The outermost layer of the battery module located at both ends is provided with an insulating partition 11 , and the outer layer of the insulating partition 11 is provided with a module bracket 12 . Of course, the number of battery modules in a battery module is not limited to 6 in Fig. 7, at least two battery modules can be included, and a corresponding number of battery modules can be installed as required in actual use.

It can be seen from the above description that the battery module mentioned in the utility model is connected by welding wire between the battery cell and the bus plate. When the battery cell is abnormal and the actual output current exceeds the limit current, the welding wire will Fuse, so that the abnormal cell and the manifold are disconnected, and will not affect the work of the remaining cells. In addition, thermal conductive glue is filled between the negative pole of the battery cell and the manifold, and the outer layer of the manifold of the negative pole of the battery cell is connected with a negative thermal pad to ensure the stability of the welding wire and good heat dissipation performance. The positive pole of the battery cell is equipped with a pressure relief Channel and fire-blocking isolation structure, when a single cell catches fire or releases high-heat gas, the high-energy and high-heat material will not directly contact other cells, and will be induced to rapidly decompress and cool down outside the module, avoiding the spread of thermal runaway. It will cause the combustion of the entire battery system, and the safety is greatly improved; in addition, the outer layer of the positive electrode separator and the negative electrode thermal pad are provided with graphite sheets, which have good thermal conductivity and thermal uniformity, and improve the heat dissipation of the battery module. Performance and temperature uniformity to ensure the working stability of the battery module.

Of course, the above are only typical examples of the utility model. In addition, the utility model can also have other various specific implementation modes. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. A battery module, including a battery cell support, a manifold, and a battery cell. The battery cell support is provided with a battery cell installation hole, and the battery cell is installed in the battery cell installation hole. It is characterized in that it also includes a negative thermal pad and the positive separator, the manifold is provided with through holes, and each through hole corresponds to the position of the cell installation hole, the manifold is installed on the surface of the cell electrode on the cell bracket, and the manifold The electrodes of the cell are connected by welding wires. The outer layer of the bus plate located at the positive part of the cell covers the positive separator, and the outer layer of the bus plate located at the negative part of the cell covers the negative thermal pad. 2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the outer layers of the positive separator and the negative thermal pad are covered with graphite sheets. 3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the outer layer of the graphite sheet is covered with a heat conducting plate. 4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: on the peripheral direction of each cell installation hole of the cell support, a part is provided with a barrier sheet, and the barrier sheet protrudes from the cell installation hole, and the cell The part not provided with the barrier sheet on the periphery of the mounting hole forms an opening. 5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bus plate located at the negative pole of the battery cell has a groove around the through hole, one end of the welding wire is connected to the negative pole of the battery cell, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the battery cell. Connected in the groove, the entire groove and the space from the negative electrode of the battery cell to the outer edge of the barrier sheet are filled with thermally conductive glue, and the negative electrode thermal pad is connected to the bus plate at the negative electrode part of the battery cell through the thermally conductive glue. 6. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: the thickness of the bus plate located at the positive part of the cell is smaller than the height of the barrier sheet, the positive separator is installed outside the outermost edge of the barrier sheet, and the A pressure relief channel is formed among the battery support, the manifold, the opening, the positive separator and the barrier sheets between the adjacent battery installation holes. 7 . The battery module according to claim 6 , wherein a pressure relief port is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cell support, and the pressure relief port communicates with the pressure relief channel. 7 . 8 . The battery module according to claim 4 , wherein the cell installation holes are adjacently arranged along the vertical direction of the barrier sheet, and the cell installation holes are arranged at intervals along the direction of the opening. 9. A battery module, characterized in that it comprises at least two battery modules according to any one of claims 1-8, and each battery module is previously connected by a connector. 10 . The battery module according to claim 9 , wherein the battery module located at the outermost sides of both ends has a module bracket on its outer layer. 11 .