CN207559037U - Multifrequency antenna for base station and its low frequency radiating element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-frequency base station antenna and a low-frequency radiation unit thereof, wherein the low-frequency radiation unit comprises: at least one radiation arm and a feeding balun supporting and feeding the radiation arm, the radiation arm It includes a first end connected to the feeding balun and a second end connected to the first end and away from the feeding balun, and the second end is concavely formed to be lower than the low frequency radiating unit. The surrounding cavity of the radiation surface is used for setting the high-frequency radiation unit. By recessing the radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit to form a cavity for placing the high-frequency radiating unit, the cross-sectional size of the multi-frequency base station antenna can be greatly reduced without affecting the radiation characteristics of the multi-frequency base station antenna.

Description

Multi-frequency base station antenna and its low-frequency radiation unit

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a multi-frequency base station antenna and a low-frequency radiation unit thereof.

Background technique

With the large-scale commercialization of the fourth-generation mobile communication system, communication networks of multiple standards and multiple frequency bands are operating simultaneously, and the space resources of mobile base stations are becoming increasingly tight. In some urban areas where the demand for communication services is high, antennas of various forms can be seen everywhere. In addition, because residents are worried that the "electromagnetic radiation" of base station antennas is too harmful to human health, the construction of a new generation of base station antenna networks is facing difficulties in selecting sites, building stations, and adding new antennas. The small-aperture multi-band ultra-broadband base station antenna can reduce the cost of building a station and improve the utilization efficiency of the antenna radiation surface. At the same time, it can reduce the wind load of the antenna. Therefore, the miniaturization of multi-frequency base station antennas has become a trend. Based on this application requirement, the utility model proposes a miniaturized ultra-wideband multi-frequency base station array antenna, which can effectively reduce the lateral size of the antenna device while realizing multi-band ultra-wideband antenna design, which has important research significance and Wide application prospects.

At present, in order to effectively reduce the lateral size of base station antennas, many multi-frequency antennas are arranged in nested arrays. For example, the multi-frequency antenna array proposed by the patent application number CN103050788A nests the high-frequency vibrator into the low-frequency vibrator, making the boundary conditions very complicated. The high-frequency radiation characteristics are affected by the surrounding low-frequency radiation arms, and the radiation characteristics are not easy to achieve ideal State, it is easy to cause the problem of inconsistent performance.

Utility model content

In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes a multi-frequency base station antenna and its low-frequency radiating unit. The surrounding cavity for placing the high-frequency radiating unit is formed by recessing the radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit, without affecting the multi-frequency base station antenna. The cross-sectional size of the multi-frequency base station antenna can be greatly reduced on the basis of the radiation characteristics.

The utility model provides a low-frequency radiation unit, which comprises at least one radiation arm and a feeding balun supporting the radiation arm and feeding it, and the radiation arm includes a first end connected to the feeding balun and A second end connected to the first end and far away from the feeding balun, the second end is recessed to form an enclosure lower than the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the enclosure is used to set a high frequency radiation unit.

Further, when the frequency range of the low-frequency radiation unit is 694MHz-960MHz, and the frequency range of the high-frequency radiation unit installed thereon is 1710MHz-2690MHz, the connection between the first end and the second end The length of the direction is between 5 and 15 mm.

Further, the bottom of the surrounding cavity is provided with an installation hole for fixing and installing the high-frequency radiation unit.

Preferably, the low-frequency radiating unit includes four radiating arms evenly distributed at 90°, the bottom surface of the surrounding cavity of the radiating arms is a rectangular plane, and the installation hole is set at the center of the rectangular plane.

Further, the low-frequency radiating unit is a dual-polarized low-frequency radiating unit whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other, and the dual-polarized low-frequency radiating unit includes two orthogonally distributed first feed sheets and second feed sheets.

Preferably, at the intersection of the first feed sheet and the second feed sheet, one feed sheet is concave, and the other feed sheet is arched upward, so that the first and second feed sheets The highest end face is lower than the radiating arms.

On the other hand, the utility model provides a multi-frequency base station antenna, including a reflector, a low-frequency array and a high-frequency array arranged on the reflector, the low-frequency array includes at least one low-frequency sub-array, at least one low-frequency sub-array Including at least two low-frequency radiation units, the high-frequency array includes at least two high-frequency radiation units, the low-frequency radiation unit is the low-frequency radiation unit described in any one of the above, and the at least two high-frequency radiation units include the first A high-frequency radiation unit and a second high-frequency radiation unit, the first high-frequency radiation unit is arranged in the surrounding cavity of the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the second high-frequency radiation unit and the low-frequency radiation unit The units are arranged alternately.

Further, an insulating member is provided between the low-frequency radiation unit and the first high-frequency radiation unit to realize insulation isolation between the two.

Preferably, the first high-frequency radiation unit installed on the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit and the second high-frequency radiation unit disposed between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units are arranged at the same height.

Further, the multi-frequency base station antenna further includes: a support set on the reflector for supporting the second high-frequency radiation unit, so that the second high-frequency radiation unit and the first high-frequency radiation unit The radiating unit is of the same height, and the edge of the support member is provided with an upwardly extending flange.

Compared with existing technology:

1. The radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit of the utility model is concaved to form a bowl-shaped surrounding cavity, which serves as the radiation boundary of the high-frequency radiation unit arranged on the corresponding radiation arm, and can obtain superior without additional high-frequency boundary conditions. High frequency characteristics.

2. At the same time, the surrounding cavity is lower than the radiation surface of the corresponding low-frequency radiation unit, which can not only reduce the lateral size of the antenna, but also help reduce the overall height and realize the miniaturization of the antenna.

3. The first feeder and the second feeder are arranged vertically to each other, which is beneficial to realize the isolation of the two polarizations. The intersection of the two feeding sheets is arched or recessed to avoid mutual contact, and the upper surface of the feeding sheet is not higher than the radiation surface of the radiation arm, so as not to increase the section height of the low-frequency radiation unit.

4. By placing the high-frequency radiation unit above the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, the cross-sectional size of the multi-frequency base station antenna can be greatly reduced without affecting the radiation characteristics of the multi-frequency base station antenna.

5. The radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit is provided with mounting holes through the upper and lower surfaces, and an insulator is provided in the mounting hole to fix the high-frequency radiation unit to the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, reducing the need for nested arrays. In this way, the radiation characteristics between the low-frequency array and the high-frequency array affect each other, which improves the performance of the multi-frequency base station antenna.

6. Each low-frequency radiation unit is equipped with four radiation arms. The radiation arms extend radially from the center to the surroundings, and are evenly distributed at 90°. Some high-frequency radiation units are placed on the radiation arms, arranged neatly and distributed Reasonable, so that the radiation characteristics of the multi-frequency base station antenna are excellent.

7. The bottom surface of the surrounding cavity of the radiation arm of each low-frequency radiation unit is a rectangular plane, and the installation hole is set in the center of the rectangular plane; not only is it easy to manufacture and install the high-frequency radiation unit, but the multi-frequency base station antenna is overall beautiful and has excellent performance.

These or other aspects of the present invention will be more concise and understandable in the description of the following embodiments.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a low-frequency radiation unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the low-frequency radiation unit shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top view of a low-frequency radiation unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a top view of a combination of a high-frequency radiation unit and a low-frequency radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a side view of a multi-frequency base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a low-frequency radiation unit 1 , including at least one radiation arm 11 , a feed balun (not shown) and a feed sheet 12 supporting and feeding the radiation arm 11 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the radiating arm 11 is concavely formed lower than the radiating surface of the low-frequency radiating unit 1, and is used to install the surrounding cavity 110 of the high-frequency radiating unit 2 on the radiating arm 11, and the The height of the wall of the surrounding cavity 110 is not higher than the high frequency radiation unit 2 to be installed therein, so that the radiation surface of the high frequency radiation unit 2 is located above the radiation arm 11 . The radiating arm 11 includes a first end 111 connected to the feeding balun and a second end 112 connected to the first end 111 and away from the feeding balun, and the enclosure 110 is arranged in the Describe the second end 112. A mounting hole 1101 for fixing the high frequency radiation unit 2 is opened at the bottom of the enclosure 110 .

In this embodiment, each of the low frequency radiating units 1 includes four radiating arms 11 uniformly distributed at 90°, the bottom surface of the cavity 110 of each of the radiating arms 11 is a rectangular plane, and the mounting holes 1101 are arranged in the The center of the rectangular plane, and the edge of the installation hole 1101 is also rectangular, in other embodiments, the edge of the installation hole 1101 can also be a circle or other shapes.

In this embodiment, the radiation arm 11 of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 includes a flat plate and a surrounding edge extending upward from the edge of the flat plate, and the two together form the surrounding cavity 110, wherein the surrounding edge can be used as a Corresponding to the radiation boundary of the high-frequency radiation unit 2 on the radiation arm 11 . Preferably, the surrounding edge extends vertically upward from the edge of the flat plate portion. Specifically, the processing method of the surrounding cavity 110 may adopt central punching or hollowing out of the radial arm 11 , to finally form a concave bowl-shaped surrounding cavity 110 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , wherein FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a local structure at position A in FIG. 1 . The low-frequency radiating unit 1 is a dual-polarized low-frequency radiating unit whose polarization directions are mutually orthogonal, and the dual-polarized low-frequency radiating unit includes two orthogonally distributed feeding sheets 12 (the first feeding sheet 121, the second feed sheet 122). At the intersection of the first feeding sheet 121 and the second feeding sheet 122, one feeding sheet is concave, and the other feeding sheet is arched upwards, and the highest end surface of the feeding sheet is lower than the The radiation arm 11. In this embodiment, at the intersection of the first feeding sheet 121 and the second feeding sheet 122, the first feeding sheet 121 is arched upwards, and the second feeding sheet 122 is facing downwards The two form a dislocation, so that the first feed sheet 121 is located above the second feed sheet 122 at the intersection. In this embodiment, the first feeding sheet 121 and the second feeding sheet 122 are vertically arranged to facilitate the isolation of the two polarizations. The intersection of the two feeding sheets is arched or recessed to avoid mutual contact, and the upper surface of the feeding sheet is not higher than the radiation surface of the radiation arm, so as not to increase the section height of the low-frequency radiation unit.

Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, since the overall size of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 is basically determined, the total length (L1+L2) of the first end 111 and the second end 112 is determined, when the height When the high-frequency radiation unit 2 is located in the middle part of the enclosed cavity 110, the distance between two adjacent high-frequency radiation units 2 on the radiation arm 11 of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 on the same side is twice the length of the first end 111 plus the The length of the second end 112 is mentioned, that is, 2L1+L2. By adjusting the length ratio of the first end 111 and the second end 112, the distance between two adjacent high-frequency radiation units 2 located on the radiation arm 11 can be adjusted, so that the high-frequency radiation unit can be adjusted 2 to optimize the adjustment of the radiation parameter characteristics. When the frequency range of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 is 694MHz to 960MHz, and the frequency range of the high-frequency radiation unit 2 is 1710MHz to 2690MHz, the length of the first end 111 along the direction in which it is connected to the second end 112 L1 is set in the range of 5-15 mm, and the radiation characteristics of the high-frequency radiation unit 2 can be maintained in a relatively ideal state.

Preferably, the length L1 of the first end 111 along the connection direction with the second end 112 is 10 mm.

It can be understood that when actually determining the length ratio of the first end 111 and the second end 112, it can be comprehensively evaluated according to required technical indicators (application frequency range, high-frequency radiation characteristics, etc.).

5 and 6, the utility model also provides a multi-frequency base station antenna 100, including a reflector 3, a low-frequency array and a high-frequency array 20 arranged on the reflector 3, the low-frequency array includes at least one Low-frequency sub-array 10, at least one low-frequency sub-array 10 includes at least two low-frequency radiation units 1, and the high-frequency array 20 includes at least two high-frequency radiation units 2, and the low-frequency radiation unit 1 is the above-mentioned low-frequency radiation unit 1. The at least two high-frequency radiation units 2 include a first high-frequency radiation unit 21 and a second high-frequency radiation unit 22, and the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 is arranged on the radiation arm 11 of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 Above, the second high frequency radiation unit 22 and the low frequency radiation unit 1 are alternately arranged.

In this embodiment, the high-frequency array 20 has two columns, and each column includes nine high-frequency radiation units 2, among which six are the first high-frequency radiation units arranged on the radiation arms 11 of the low-frequency radiation unit 1. The other three are second high-frequency radiation units 22 arranged alternately with the low-frequency radiation units 1 .

In this embodiment, the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 have the same structure, so that they are applied to the transmission and reception of signals in the same frequency band. The positional relationship between radiating elements 1. In other embodiments, the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 work in different frequency bands.

In this embodiment, the low-frequency sub-array 10 includes three low-frequency radiation units 1, and each of the low-frequency radiation units 1 includes four radiation arms 11, and the four radiation arms 11 of the same low-frequency radiation unit 1 are at 90° Extend radially evenly around. At the same time, each of the low-frequency sub-arrays 10 corresponds to two columns of the high-frequency arrays 20, and the low-frequency sub-arrays 10 and the high-frequency arrays 20 are respectively arranged in a straight line on the same side of the reflector 3, and their arrangement direction All are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reflector 3 .

The reflection plate 3 is made of metal material. In this embodiment, the metal reflection plate 3 is a flat plate. In other embodiments, the metal reflection plate 3 may also be provided with slopes and flanges.

Preferably, an insulating member (not shown) is provided between the low-frequency radiation unit 1 and the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 provided on its radiation arm 11, so as to realize isolation between the two. Specifically, the insulator is disposed in the installation hole 1101, and is used to fix the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 to the corresponding radiation arm 11 and insulate the two at the same time.

In this embodiment, the first high-frequency radiation unit 21 installed on the radiation arm 11 of the low-frequency radiation unit 1 and the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 arranged between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units 1 are arranged at the same height.

Specifically, the multi-frequency base station antenna also includes a support member 31 arranged on the reflector 3 for supporting the second high-frequency radiation unit 22, so that the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 and the The first high-frequency radiating unit 21 is of the same height, and the edge of the support member 31 is provided with an upwardly extending flange, which also forms a concave bowl-shaped enclosure, and the flange is used as the flange arranged on the corresponding support member 31. The radiation boundary of the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 is described above. It should be noted that the surrounding cavity of the support member 31 and the surrounding cavity 110 of the radiation arm 11 of the low frequency radiation unit 1 can be the same structure manufactured by the same process, so the same name is used here without distinction. In Fig. 6, the part where the support 31 is fixedly connected with the reflector 3 is a column. In other embodiments, the feed balun of the second high-frequency radiation unit 22 can also be heightened, and the support 31 The surrounding cavity is set on it.

It should be understood that in this embodiment, limited by the layout of the drawings, there are three low-frequency radiation units 1, and there are also three second high-frequency radiation units 22 alternately arranged with the low-frequency radiation units 1, so There is no low-frequency radiation unit 1 on one side of the second high-frequency radiation unit 22, if the radiation unit continues to be placed outside it, it should be a low-frequency radiation unit 1, so the above: "The second low-frequency radiation unit between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units 1 The expression of two high-frequency radiating units 22 ″ is only for illustrating the layout of the low-frequency radiating unit 1 and the second high-frequency radiating unit 22 , and should not be used as a specific limitation.

Compared with the prior art, the multi-frequency base station antenna and its low-frequency radiation unit described in the present invention have the following advantages:

(1) The radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit is concave to form a bowl-shaped enclosure, which serves as the radiation boundary of the high-frequency radiation unit arranged on the corresponding radiation arm, and can obtain superior high-frequency without additional high-frequency boundary conditions characteristic.

(2) At the same time, the surrounding cavity is lower than the radiation surface of the corresponding low-frequency radiation unit, which can not only reduce the lateral size of the antenna, but also help reduce the overall height and realize the miniaturization of the antenna.

(3) Each low-frequency radiation unit is provided with four radiation arms, and the radiation arms extend radially from the center to the surroundings, and are uniformly distributed at 90° respectively, and part of the high-frequency radiation units are placed on the radiation arms, arranged neatly, The distribution is reasonable, so that the radiation characteristics of the multi-frequency base station antenna are excellent.

(4) When the frequency range of the low-frequency radiation unit is 694MHz to 960MHz, and the frequency range of the high-frequency radiation unit installed on it is 1710MHz to 2690MHz, the first end and the second end The length in the connection direction is between 5mm and 15mm, and the radiation characteristics of the high-frequency radiation unit are optimized without affecting the overall size.

(5) The first feed sheet and the second feed sheet are vertically arranged to facilitate isolation of the two polarizations. The intersection of the two feeding sheets is arched or recessed to avoid mutual contact, and the upper surface of the feeding sheet is not higher than the radiation surface of the radiation arm, so as not to increase the section height of the low-frequency radiation unit.

(6) By placing the high-frequency radiation unit above the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, the cross-sectional size of the multi-frequency base station antenna can be greatly reduced without affecting the radiation characteristics of the multi-frequency base station antenna.

(7) The radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit is provided with a mounting hole that runs through the upper and lower surfaces, and an insulator is provided in the mounting hole, so that the high-frequency radiating unit is fixed to the radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit, reducing the number of holes in the nested group. In the array mode, the radiation characteristics between the low-frequency array and the high-frequency array affect each other, which improves the performance of the multi-frequency base station antenna.

(8) The bottom surface of the surrounding cavity of the radiation arm of each low-frequency radiation unit is a rectangular plane, and the installation hole is arranged in the center of the rectangular plane; not only is it easy to manufacture and install the high-frequency radiation unit, but the multi-frequency base station antenna is overall beautiful and has excellent performance.

Some of the embodiments provided by the utility model have been introduced in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the ideas of the embodiments of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application range. In summary, As stated above, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A low-frequency radiation unit, comprising at least one radiating arm and a feeding balun that supports and feeds the radiating arm, wherein the radiating arm includes a first connected to the feeding balun end and a second end connected to the first end and away from the feed balun, the second end is recessed to form an enclosure lower than the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the enclosure is used for Set the high frequency radiation unit. 2. The low-frequency radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein when the frequency range of the low-frequency radiation unit is 694MHz-960MHz, and the frequency range of the high-frequency radiation unit installed thereon is 1710MHz-2690MHz , the length of the first end along the connection direction with the second end is between 5mm and 15mm. 3. The low-frequency radiation unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, an installation hole for fixedly installing the high-frequency radiation unit is opened at the bottom of the surrounding cavity. 4. The low-frequency radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four radiation arms uniformly distributed at 90°, the bottom surface of the cavity of the radiation arms is a rectangular plane, and the installation hole Set at the center of the rectangular plane. 5. The low-frequency radiation unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the low-frequency radiation unit is a dual-polarized low-frequency radiation unit whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other, and the dual-polarized low-frequency radiation unit comprises two orthogonal The first feed sheet and the second feed sheet are alternately distributed. 6. The low-frequency radiation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, at the intersection of the first feed sheet and the second feed sheet, one feed sheet is concave, and the other feed sheet faces The upper part is arched, and the highest end surfaces of the first and second feed pieces are lower than the radiation arms. 7. A multi-frequency base station antenna, comprising a reflector, a low-frequency array and a high-frequency array disposed on the reflector, the low-frequency array comprising at least one low-frequency sub-array, at least one low-frequency sub-array comprising at least two low-frequency radiation unit, the high-frequency array includes at least two high-frequency radiation units, characterized in that the low-frequency radiation unit is the low-frequency radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the at least two high-frequency radiation units It includes a first high-frequency radiation unit and a second high-frequency radiation unit, the first high-frequency radiation unit is arranged in the surrounding cavity of the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the second high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the The low-frequency radiation units are arranged alternately. 8 . The multi-frequency base station antenna according to claim 7 , wherein an insulating member is provided between the low-frequency radiating unit and the first high-frequency radiating unit to realize insulation isolation between the two. 9. The multi-frequency base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, the first high-frequency radiation unit installed on the radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit and the second high-frequency radiation unit arranged between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units Contour settings for high frequency radiating units. 10. The multi-frequency base station antenna according to claim 9, further comprising: a support member arranged on the reflector for supporting the second high-frequency radiation unit, so that the second height The high-frequency radiation unit is at the same height as the first high-frequency radiation unit, and the edge of the support member is provided with an upwardly extending flange.