CN207540970U - A kind of humidity sensor based on graphene oxide coating optical fiber - Google Patents
A kind of humidity sensor based on graphene oxide coating optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model is related to technical field of optical fiber, and in particular to preparation method, humidity sensor and its application of graphene oxide coating optical fiber.The light fibre humidity transducer based on graphene oxide of the utility model, including：Wideband light source, optical fiber sensor head, graphene oxide, spectrometer；The first input port of the optical fiber sensor head is connect with wideband light source by optical fiber, and the first output port is connect with spectrometer by optical fiber；The optical fiber sensor head is made of three sections of optical fiber, and three sections of optical fiber sequences form Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure, and wherein second segment optical fiber is located at centre；One layer of graphene oxide plating is coated on the second segment optical fiber surface of the optical fiber sensor head.The sensor of the utility model has that simple in structure, at low cost, easy to operate, measurement range is larger, high certainty of measurement, high resolution and the advantages of have a wide range of application.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a humidity transducer technical field especially relates to a preparation method of oxidation graphite alkene cladding material optic fibre, based on this oxidation graphite alkene cladding material optic fibre humidity transducer and adopt this humidity transducer to measure humidity's method.
Background
Humidity is an important physical quantity, which is closely related to human life and national production. On the one hand, the environmental humidity has a great influence on the health of human beings. On the other hand, in the fields of industrial and agricultural production, weather, environmental protection, life, aerospace, national defense and the like, the detection and control of the environmental humidity are also needed. Based on such a wide range of demands, the humidity measurement method is continuously developed and developed. Conventional methods for measuring humidity include a shrinkage method, a dry-wet-ball method, a condensation dew point method, a lithium chloride dew point method, a resistance capacitance method, an electrolysis method, and a weight method. However, these conventional measurement methods are complicated in apparatus, limited in sensitivity, and difficult to measure humidity even in a severe environment. In scientific research with increasingly sophisticated measurement techniques, such deviations often have a large influence on the research results. These problems are currently circumvented well by using optical fibers for measuring humidity, for example, Mach-Zehnder fiber optic interferometers, Michelson fiber optic interferometers, Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors, and fiber Sagnac interferometric sensors.
However, the existing optical fiber instrument for measuring humidity has the problem of low detection sensitivity.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a humidity sensor based on graphene oxide coated optical fiber and an application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a humidity transducer based on oxidation graphite alkene cladding material optic fibre, include: the device comprises a broadband light source, an optical fiber sensing head, graphene oxide and a spectrometer;
the first input port of the optical fiber sensing head is connected with the broadband light source through an optical fiber, and the first output port of the optical fiber sensing head is connected with the spectrometer through an optical fiber; two beams of light in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the optical fiber sensing head interfere during transmission and then are transmitted to the spectrometer;
the optical fiber sensing head consists of three sections of optical fibers, the three sections of optical fibers are staggered to form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure, wherein the second section of optical fiber is positioned in the middle, and the first section of optical fiber and the third section of optical fiber are positioned at two ends of the second section of optical fiber;
and a layer of graphene oxide is plated on the surface of the second section of optical fiber of the optical fiber sensing head.
Further, the optical fiber humidity sensor further comprises a computer, and the computer is in communication connection with the output end of the spectrometer. The computer is used for receiving the output data of the spectrometer and calculating the refractive index and the temperature.
Furthermore, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure inside the optical fiber sensing head is an optical fiber tail fiber.
Further, the central axes of the first segment of optical fiber and the third segment of optical fiber are coincident.
Furthermore, in view of cost economy, all the three sections of optical fibers are common optical fibers, and the optical fiber pigtail is a pigtail of the common optical fiber. And the common optical fiber may be selected to be a single mode optical fiber.
Furthermore, the broadband light source is an optical fiber broadband light source with a C-band of 1520nm-1570nm, and transmission optical fibers among all the parts are common single-mode optical fibers.
The utility model discloses a second section of optic fibre sensing head oxidized graphene coating on the surface adopts following method to carry out the coating film:
step 1, respectively cleaning the surface of an optical fiber for 5-15 minutes by sequentially using 0.5-2mol/L acetone and 0.5-2mol/L hydrochloric acid at room temperature;
step 2, washing the substrate with deionized water again and then drying the substrate;
step 3, soaking the second section of optical fiber in 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) water solution for 1-3 hours;
step 4, cleaning the optical fiber with ethanol, and drying the optical fiber in an environment with the temperature of 50-55 ℃;
step 5, immersing the second section of optical fiber processed in the step 4 into 0.01-0.1mg/mL) of graphene oxide aqueous solution, and controlling the temperature to be 50-55 ℃; when the graphene oxide can be observed to be successfully plated on the second section of optical fiber, the second section of optical fiber is removed; after the film is naturally dried at room temperature, the whole film coating process is finished.
Further, the second section of the optical fiber processed by the step 2 is immersed in 0.8-1.5mol/L NaOH solution for 0.5-2 hours.
Preferably, the concentration of the 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in water is 5%.
Furthermore, the graphene oxide coating on the surface of the second section of optical fiber of the optical fiber sensing head is coated by using a graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.06 mg/mL.
The utility model discloses an optic fibre humidity transducer based on mach-zehnder interferometer and oxidation graphite alkene coating film, the computer calculates the humidity of the space environment that awaits measuring according to the valley wavelength of interference fringe and along with the law that the space environment humidity that awaits measuring changes.
The method for measuring the humidity by using the humidity sensor based on the graphene oxide coated optical fiber specifically comprises the following steps: the optical fiber sensing head is placed in a space environment to be measured, two light beams transmitted inside the optical fiber are interfered, the wavelength of the trough of the interference fringe changes along with the change of the humidity of the space environment to be measured where the optical fiber sensing head is located, the moving range of the trough wavelength of the interference fringe is measured through a spectrometer and a computer, and the humidity of the space environment to be measured is obtained through the calculation of the computer.
In the measuring method, when the humidity of the environment space to be measured changes, the moving range of the valley wavelength of the interference fringes is detected by the spectrometer, and the humidity of the environment of the space to be measured is obtained after calculation by the computer.
Phase difference between core mode and i-th cladding modeThe wave trough wavelength is:
wherein λ ismin,kRepresenting the valley wavelength of the interference output spectrum generated by the interference of the i-order cladding mode and the fiber core mode.Andrespectively representing the effective refractive index of the core and the effective refractive index of the excited i-th order cladding mode.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a sensor possesses simple structure, with low costs, convenient operation, measuring range great, measurement accuracy is high, resolution ratio is high and the wide advantage of range of application.
The utility model discloses a sensor except that the humidity that is used for general environment space measures, still can be used to the humidity measurement of environment space under small change, the hazardous environment. The utility model discloses can also carry out real-time measurement to humidity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidity sensor based on a graphene oxide coated optical fiber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measurement fiber optic sensor head structure and its interface with a solution substance to be measured;
fig. 3 is a transmission spectrum of the optical fiber sensor in a space environment with humidity RH of 30%;
FIG. 4 is a transmission spectrum of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer at a spatial ambient humidity of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, respectively;
fig. 5 is a moving fit law at a sensor fringe valley wavelength of 1545.7nm when the humidity of the space environment changes from 30% to 60%.
Reference numerals: 1. a broadband light source; 2. an optical fiber sensing head; 202. a first length of optical fiber; 203. a third segment of optical fiber; 204. a second segment of optical fiber; 3. graphene oxide; 4. a spectrometer; 5. a computer; 6. a cladding layer; 7. and (5) measuring the space environment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention are combined below to describe the technical solutions of the present invention clearly and completely. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the optical fiber humidity sensor based on the mach-zehnder interferometer and the graphene oxide comprises a broadband light source 1, an optical fiber sensing head 2, the graphene oxide 3 and a spectrometer 4. Wherein, broadband light source 1 is connected to the first input port of optical fiber sensing head 2, and the first output port of optical fiber sensing head 2 is connected with spectrometer 4. Preferably, a computer 5 may be provided as the data processor, and the computer 5 is in communication connection with the spectrometer 4 for data processing.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measurement fiber sensor head structure and its interface with a solution substance to be measured. The optical fiber sensing head 2 is of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure formed by three staggered segments of optical fibers. Preferably, the central axes of the first section of ordinary optical fiber 202 and the third section of ordinary optical fiber 203 at the two ends of the second section of ordinary optical fiber 204 are coincident, and the surface of the second section of ordinary optical fiber 204 is plated with a layer of graphene oxide 3. Wherein the space environment 7 to be measured is filled with air having a certain humidity inside.
In the present invention, the broadband light source 1 is a broadband light source 1 with a C-band (1520nm to 1570 nm). The transmission fiber is a single mode fiber.
When the measurement is carried out, the optical fiber sensing head 2 is placed in the space environment 7 to be measured, corresponding data detected by the optical fiber sensing head is input into the computer 5, the moving range of the valley wavelength of the interference fringes is obtained through calculation, and the humidity of the space environment to be measured is obtained according to a fitting curve. The principle that the valley wavelength of the interference fringes changes along with the change of the environmental humidity of the space to be measured where the optical fiber sensing head is positioned is as follows:
due to the dislocation of the optical fiber, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed, so that a light beam transmitted in the single-mode optical fiber is divided into two beams to be transmitted, one beam is in the fiber core, and the other beam is in the cladding 6. The two light beams have different transmission paths and generate an accumulated phase difference of 2 pi delta nL1λ, where Δ n is the refractive index difference of the light beam transmitted between the core and the cladding 6, L1Is the length of the fiber misalignment and λ is the wavelength of the input. When the humidity of the environment of the space to be measured by the optical fiber sensor changes, the path of the light beam transmission in the cladding 6 changes, the phase difference between the two light beams also changes, and the valley wavelength of the interference fringe between the two light beams correspondingly shifts.
Graphene oxide 3 is an important graphene derivative, which is rich in oxygen-containing functional groups, such as: hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxide, carbonyl, and the like. This gives it many unique properties, such as: dispersibility, hydrophilicity and extremely large specific surface area. It is these characteristics that make oxidation graphite alkene 3 can produce the effect with external water molecule, therefore can plate it on the surface of optic fibre and make optical fiber sensor. The effective refractive index of the graphene oxide 3 changes with the change of the external environment humidity, so that the valley wavelength of the spectrum correspondingly moves. The humidity sensitivity of the sensor is obtained by detecting the shift in the valley wavelength.
Where K is the fringe visibility, IcoreAnd IcladThe optical intensities of the core and the cladding 6, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, light from a light source enters the optical fiber sensing head 2 from a first segment of optical fiber 202, most of the light in the first segment of optical fiber 202 is transmitted in the fiber core, a part of the light is coupled into the cladding 6 after passing through a first offset structure, the remaining part of the light is still transmitted in the fiber core, a stable phase difference is generated after a certain distance due to the difference of the propagation paths of the two beams, and the cladding 6 is coupled into the fiber core again after passing through a second offset structure to generate interference with the fiber core model. As shown in fig. 3, is the transmission spectrum of light at an air humidity of 30%. Therefore, the change in the interference intensity can be represented by the following formula:
where K is the fringe visibility, IcoreAnd IcladThe optical intensities of the core and the cladding 6, respectively.
Theoretically, when Icore≈IcladWhen K reaches a maximum value. Therefore, it is important to control the length of the misalignment. The phase difference between the core mode and the excited cladding mode changes with the change of the external environment. Can be represented by the following equation:
wherein,andthe effective refractive indices of the core and i-step cladding 6, respectively, d is the distance between the two dislocation structures, λ is the operating wavelength in vacuum,is the difference in effective refractive index between the fundamental core mode and the i-th order cladding 6.
When in useThe minimum intensity wavelength can be expressed as:
when the optical fiber sensing head 2 is coated with the graphene oxide 3, firstly, the surface of the optical fiber is treated by a chemical method, so that the graphene oxide 3 can be more easily and uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the optical fiber, and more importantly, the humidity measurement sensitivity of the sensor can be improved, namely, the surface of the optical fiber is respectively cleaned by successively using acetone and hydrochloric acid (the concentration is 1mol/L) at room temperature for 10 minutes, and the other purpose is to remove organic pollutants on the surface of the optical fiber. Then, the substrate was washed with deionized water again and dried. To increase the number of silanol groups on the surface of the optical fiber, the sensor head was immersed in a NaOH (1mol/L) solution for 1 hour. Subsequently, the optical fiber was immersed in a 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) solution for 2 hours, and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) interacted with hydroxyl groups on the silica surface of the optical fiber, thereby forming a Si-O-Si covalent bond. And cleaning the optical fiber with ethanol, and drying the optical fiber in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ for 30 minutes after cleaning, wherein the environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ is realized by a constant temperature and humidity box. Finally, the treated optical fiber sensor head 2 was immersed in a 0.06mg/mL graphene oxide 3 solution, and the temperature was controlled at 50 ℃. After the graphene oxide 3 is observed to be successfully plated on the optical fiber sensing head 2, the optical fiber sensing head 2 is removed from the graphene oxide 3 solution. The whole film coating process is finished after the film is naturally dried for 12 hours at room temperature.
Due to the existence of the oxygen-containing functional group, the graphene oxide 3 film has strong water absorption. When the external environment humidity changes, the graphene oxide 3 film absorbs water molecules. Since water molecules are filled in the graphene oxide 3 thin film, the graphene oxide 3 thin film becomes large. As the number of water molecules increases, the effective refractive index of the graphene oxide 3 decreases accordingly. Eventually, the effective refractive index between the cladding 6 and the graphene oxide 3 film becomes small.
For further verification the utility model discloses a feasibility, specially carry out following experiment:
in the experiment, use the utility model discloses an optical fiber sensor measures transmission spectrogram under the different humidity conditions in the space environment. As shown in fig. 4, the four curves correspond to the transmission spectrum of the optical fiber sensor head 2 placed in a space environment with humidity of 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%, respectively. The longitudinal length (length of the second section of the optical fiber 204) of the staggered optical fiber of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is about 3.5cm, and the transverse length (namely the staggered length) of the staggered optical fiber is 5 mu m. As can be seen from fig. 4, the bottom wavelength of the interference fringes in the mach-zehnder interferometer increases with an increase in the humidity of the space environment in which the optical fiber sensor head 2 is placed.
Fig. 5 is an application of the utility model discloses an optical fiber sensor is to the data result and the fitting result of the different humidity under the space environment that awaits measuring. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the fitted curve can accurately match the measurement result in the range of humidity varying from 30% to 60% in the space environment to be measured, and the linearity is 99.61%. From the fitted curve, the detection sensitivity of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for humidity was 0.104 dB/% RH. In the general research scope, the sensitivity can meet the corresponding requirement.
It can be seen from experiments that although the valley wavelength of the interference fringes of the transmission spectrum varies randomly with time, it is feasible to demonstrate the stability of the sensor because the variation with time is small.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A humidity sensor based on graphene oxide coated optical fiber is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a broadband light source, an optical fiber sensing head, graphene oxide and a spectrometer;
the first input port of the optical fiber sensing head is connected with the broadband light source through an optical fiber, and the first output port of the optical fiber sensing head is connected with the spectrometer through an optical fiber; two beams of light in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the optical fiber sensing head interfere during transmission and then are transmitted to the spectrometer;
the optical fiber sensing head consists of three sections of optical fibers, and the three sections of optical fibers are staggered to form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure; the second section of optical fiber is positioned in the middle, and the first section of optical fiber and the third section of optical fiber are positioned at two ends of the second section of optical fiber;
and a layer of graphene oxide is plated on the surface of the second section of optical fiber of the optical fiber sensing head.
2. The graphene oxide coated optical fiber based humidity sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a computer, wherein the computer is in communication connection with the spectrometer output; the computer is used for receiving the output data of the spectrometer and calculating the refractive index and the temperature.
3. The graphene oxide coated optical fiber based humidity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure inside the optical fiber sensing head is a fiber pigtail with a removed cladding.
4. The graphene oxide coated optical fiber based humidity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the broadband light source is a C-band 1520nm-1570nm optical fiber broadband light source, and the transmission optical fibers between the connection of the components are all common single-mode optical fibers.
5. The graphene oxide coated optical fiber based humidity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the central axes of the first and third segments of optical fibers are coincident.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107561039A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 华南师范大学 | Preparation method, humidity sensor and its application of graphene oxide coating optical fiber |
| CN110207760A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | The fibre optical sensor and preparation method thereof of temperature and humidity is detected simultaneously |
| CN110208215A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-06 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of humidity sensor based on graphene oxide Michelson's interferometer |
| CN110455748A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-15 | 中国计量大学 | Light fibre humidity transducer based on Mach-Zahnder interference |
| CN111044088A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-21 | 天津理工大学 | Humidity and stress double-parameter micro optical fiber sensor based on carbon nano tube compound |
| CN112730325A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 汕头大学 | Preparation method of coated optical fiber, coated optical fiber and refractive index detection device |
-
2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201721239089.2U patent/CN207540970U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107561039A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 华南师范大学 | Preparation method, humidity sensor and its application of graphene oxide coating optical fiber |
| CN110208215A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-06 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of humidity sensor based on graphene oxide Michelson's interferometer |
| CN110207760A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | The fibre optical sensor and preparation method thereof of temperature and humidity is detected simultaneously |
| CN110455748A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-15 | 中国计量大学 | Light fibre humidity transducer based on Mach-Zahnder interference |
| CN111044088A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-21 | 天津理工大学 | Humidity and stress double-parameter micro optical fiber sensor based on carbon nano tube compound |
| CN112730325A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 汕头大学 | Preparation method of coated optical fiber, coated optical fiber and refractive index detection device |
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