CN207459809U - Self energizing sensor-based system, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system - Google Patents
Self energizing sensor-based system, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207459809U CN207459809U CN201621309914.7U CN201621309914U CN207459809U CN 207459809 U CN207459809 U CN 207459809U CN 201621309914 U CN201621309914 U CN 201621309914U CN 207459809 U CN207459809 U CN 207459809U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system, the system comprises：Energy collecting system is connected with signal processing and RF energy control circuit；Signal processing and RF energy control circuit, are connected, cloud database with cloud database, for high in the clouds data to be interacted with intelligent terminal.The utility model energy content collector collects vibrational energy and RF energy and is used for sensor, can solve the problems, such as without electricity or power supply difficulty, be not easy to use in the environment of wired energy supply to target progress condition monitoring；When extraneous (vibration) energy is inadequate, can RF energy be emitted by RF energy transmitter, collect energy for RF energy collector and power to sensor；The utility model can actively wake up working sensor under extraneous energy starvation operating mode, eliminate the risk of systemic breakdown.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to sensor technical field more particularly to a kind of self energizing based on surface acoustic wave sensor
Sensor-based system, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system.
Background technology
Surface wave sensor is that the frequency based on surface acoustic wave resonance changes with the variation of measurand, so as to survey
Measure a kind of novel sensor of physical quantity.The parameters such as measurement pressure, acceleration and temperature can be made with SAW device
Sensor.Due to being manufactured using semiconductor integrated technique, therefore micro-structure can be made, it is light-weight, and because its output frequency
Signal, so strong antijamming capability, is easy to implement Numerical Control.
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN) is a kind of distributed sensor, by big
The wireless network that the static or mobile sensor of amount is formed in a manner of self-organizing and multi-hop.WSN nodes usually require that size
Very little has the characteristics that low cost, low-power consumption, multi-functional.
Surface acoustic wave sensor meets the requirement of WSN nodes, and size is small, can mass produce, is at low cost, low in energy consumption.
The combination of sound surface probe and WSN will bring one of information Perception and changes.
Traditional sensor is powered using DC power supply, if want in some are without the difficult environment of electricity, power supply to some
Equipment or environment carry out condition monitoring, then setup state monitoring system is very difficult, while using wired mode connection system
Each equipment, it will greatly bothered to construction wiring tape.Self-powered wireless senser system is used therefore, it is necessary to a kind of
System, solve the problems, such as without electricity or power supply it is difficult, be not easy to carry out condition monitoring to target in the environment using wired energy supply.
General self energizing wireless sensing circuit relies solely on the energy in energy harvester collection ambient enviroment, however, all
The energy in collarette border is typically all what is changed, and when ambient energy is smaller, i.e., the energy by energy harvester collection is not enough to
When driving sensor, whole system will paralyse, and unpredictable consequence occur.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of self energizing sensor-based system, self energizings based on surface acoustic wave sensor
The tire pressure monitoring system of sensor-based system, the rail temperature monitoring system of self energizing sensor-based system, it is intended to solve without electricity or
Power supply is difficult, is not easy to carry out condition monitoring to target in the environment using wired energy supply；Existing self energizing wireless sensing circuit,
The energy in energy harvester collection ambient enviroment is relied solely on, however, the energy of ambient enviroment is typically all what is changed, works as week
Enclose that environmental energy is smaller, i.e., when being not enough to driving sensor by the energy that energy harvester is collected, whole system will paralyse, and go out
The problem of existing unpredictable consequence.
The utility model is realized in this way a kind of self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor, the base
Include in the self energizing sensor-based system of surface acoustic wave sensor：
Energy collecting system is connected with signal processing and RF energy control circuit, for by the vibrational energy of ambient energy
Amount and RF energy are converted to regulated power driving working sensor, and the letter for detecting sensor by antenna using sensor
Number it is transferred to signal processing and RF energy control circuit；
Signal processing and RF energy control circuit, are connected with cloud database, for by the signal of sensor transmissions into
The microcontroller of a series of processing of row, input signal processing and RF energy control circuit；Microcontroller one side, in vibrational energy
When amount deficiency but needs working sensor, the RF energy transmitter of control signal processing and RF energy control circuit is penetrated
Frequency energy, for energy collecting system collecting energy；On the other hand, after microcontroller obtains sensor information, it is uploaded to high in the clouds number
According to storehouse；
Cloud database, for high in the clouds data to be interacted with intelligent terminal.
Further, the energy collecting system includes：
Vibrational energy collector is connected with energy management circuit, for collecting the vibrational energy of surrounding；
RF energy collector, is connected with energy management circuit, for electric energy to be switched to electromagnetism by antenna in transmitting terminal
Electromagnetic wave is switched to electric energy by ripple again in receiving terminal by antenna；
Energy management circuit is connected with working sensor circuit, for by collected alternation, high frequency, unstable
Electric energy after rectification, storage, voltage stabilizing processing by becoming direct current, the electric energy that the energy of stabilization is used for sensor；
The heat transfer agent of sensor is converted to oscillator signal, passes through antenna propagation to microcontroller by working sensor circuit
Device.
Further, RF energy collector uses RF energy collector Super-material antenna；The RF energy collector
Super-material antenna uses the split ring resonator of Meta Materials, as energy collection unit；The RF energy collector Meta Materials day
The substrate of line uses polytetrafluoroethylglass glass fiber reinforcing material Rogers Duroid RT5880, and split ring resonator is using gold Au
Material.
Further, vibrational energy collector includes：
Mass block drives piezoelectric material bending, and vibrational energy is switched to the piezoelectric effect component of electric energy；
It is moved in the magnetic field that mass block movement is provided with moving winding in bar magnet, magnetic flux changes in coil, generates electricity
The electromagnetic induction part of energy；
The piezoelectric effect component and electromagnetic induction part are electrically connected with energy management circuit.
Further, energy management circuit is by ac-to-dc rectifier, MPPT converters, energy storage circuit and voltage stabilizing electricity
Road；
The ac-to-dc rectifier is connected with MPPT converters, for the alternating current collected by energy harvester is whole
It flows for direct current；The ac-to-dc rectifier is made of four diodes；
Connection relation, D1-D4 are diode；Diode D1 is in parallel with diode D3, and diode D2 and diode D4 is simultaneously
Connection, when energy harvester output for positive half cycle when, point a just, point b bear, electric current through diode D1, is loaded, diode D4 by a, time
To b ends；When energy harvester output for negative half period when, Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer a is born, b just, electric current through diode D2, is born by b ends
It carries, diode D3 returns to a ends；No matter a, the voltage levels of b, system power direction is certain；
The MPPT converters, are connected with energy storage module, and the MPPT converters are by inductance L1, capacitance C1, diode
D5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q, resistance R1 and MPPT control circuit composition；Inductance L1 is used to stop the friendship that the direct current after AC rectification contains
Flow component is filtered；Capacitance C1 is used to filter out the alternating component on DC power supply；Diode D5 is used to ensure current direction；
Resistance R1 is used to the current signal in circuit becoming voltage signal for the use of MPPT control circuits；MPPT control circuits are by micro-control
Device TIMSP430 and programmable pulse pio chip LTC6906 compositions processed, the MPPT control circuits input terminal are resistance R1 both ends
Voltage signal, output terminal are pwm signal；MPPT is used to that input source to be made to be operated near the maximum power point of MPPT,
Energy harvester is enable to export more electric energy, the direct current of rectifier is effectively stored in super capacitor,
So that sensor uses；The pwm signal that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q is used to be exported according to MPPT control circuits adjusts MPPT
The output power of converter, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q are the executive component of MPPT converters；
Energy storage circuit is connected with regulator circuit, and for the energy storage for circuit, the energy storage circuit is by super electricity
Hold composition；
The regulator circuit is made of voltage-stablizer LTC1877 chips and peripheral outer element；The regulator circuit and sensing
Device operating circuit connects.
Further, the working sensor circuit is made of Pierce oscillating circuits, driving and match circuit, antenna；Institute
Pierce oscillating circuits are stated to be passed by gain amplifier U1, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, capacitance C6, capacitance C7, surface acoustic wave
Sensor, inductance L4 compositions；The driving and match circuit are made of power amplifier U2, inductance L3 and capacitance C5；
Connection mode passes through resistance R5, resistance R4, surface acoustic wave sensing between the base stage and collector of gain amplifier U1
Device connects, wherein, surface acoustic wave sensor is connected with resistance R4 parallel connections with resistance R5 again, and surface acoustic wave sensor both ends pass through electricity
Hold C6, capacitance C7 ground connection, Vin is connected by resistance R6 with collector, and emitter is connected to ground by inductance L4, Pierce concussions
The oscillator signal of circuit is by after the match circuit of power amplifier U2 amplifications and inductance L3 and capacitance C5 compositions, exporting to day
Line.
Temperature, pressure physical signal are converted to the electric signal of vibration by the surface acoustic wave sensor for sensing；
Gain amplifier U1 amplifies for gain；Resistance R4, resistance R5 and resistance R6 are used to adjust the static work of amplifier
Make a little so that gain amplifier U1 is in amplification working condition；Inductance L4 is used to improve the frequency stability of oscillating circuit；Vin
For the supply voltage of oscillating circuit；On the one hand SAW resonator SAW forms pin network with capacitance C6, two capacitances of capacitance C7
On the other hand the bandpass filter of form, on resonator resonant frequency, provides 180 degree phase shift, so that Pierce vibrates
Circuit meets two conditions of amplitude balance and phase equilibrium vibration, and then entire oscillating circuit vibration is got up；
The driving and match circuit are used to transducing signal propagating to antenna；Power amplifier U2 forms drive module；
Inductance L3 and capacitance C5 composition match circuits, for by the matches impedances of the impedance of antenna and amplifier.
Further, signal processing and RF energy control circuit for will the signal from sensor is filtered, amplification,
It is passed to after Zero-IF demodulator, analog-to-digital conversion in microprocessor, so as to achieve the purpose that read sensor information；It is additionally operable to microprocessor
Device control high power RF transmitter transmitting RF energy is used for sensor, in low outside energy, is actively waken up and is passed
Sense device working；
Signal processing and RF energy control circuit include radio-frequency filter M1, low-noise preamplifier G1, zero intermediate frequency
Receiver Max703, AD analog-digital converter, microprocessor, incident frequency transmitting chip nRF905, power amplifier RF5110G, day
Line is simultaneously sequentially connected；
The zero intermediate frequency receiver is by low-converter J1, J2, plate upper filter M2, M3 and low-noise amplifier G2, G3 group
Into and be sequentially connected.
It is described by the signal from sensor is filtered, amplification, Zero-IF demodulator, is passed to microprocessor after analog-to-digital conversion
In, so as to achieve the purpose that the method for reading sensor information includes：
1) sensor signal filters mixed and disorderly outside useful band into radio-frequency filter M1 after signal receiving antenna receives
Signal；
2) low-noise preamplifier G1 is entered back into；
3) enter back into zero intermediate frequency receiver, the zero intermediate frequency receiver by low-converter J1, J2, plate upper filter M2,
M3 and low-noise amplifier G2, G3 composition；The signal that G1 comes out is with signal of the signal source Jing Guo orthogonalization in low-converter J1, J2
Middle carry out down-frequency conversion, obtained signal enter on piece high-order low-frequency filter, obtain fundamental frequency signal；Since signal is weaker,
The not up to range ability of AD analog-to-digital conversions strengthens signal by amplifier G2, G3；
4) AD is entered back into, is digital signal by analog-signal transitions；
5) digital signal enters microprocessor after, completes to read the task of sensor information；
The microprocessor control high power RF transmitter transmitting RF energy is used for sensor, in low outside energy
In the case of, actively waking up the method for working sensor includes：
(1) when artificial needs actively read sensing data, wake-up button is pressed, microcontroller sends startup transmitter
The signal of work；
(2) signal enters in radio-frequency transmissions chip nRF905, which is used to become signal source, generates radio frequency letter
Number；Afterwards, in radiofrequency signal ingoing power amplifier RF5110G, which is used to enhance the energy of radiofrequency signal；
(3) RF energy is launched by antenna.So as to fulfill actively waking up working sensor.
The another object of the utility model, which is to provide, a kind of is equipped with the above-mentioned self energizing based on surface acoustic wave sensor
The tire pressure monitoring system of sensor-based system.
The another object of the utility model, which is to provide, a kind of is equipped with the above-mentioned self energizing based on surface acoustic wave sensor
The rail temperature monitoring system of sensor-based system.
Self energizing sensor-based system provided by the utility model based on surface acoustic wave sensor, energy content collector can be received
Collect vibrational energy and RF energy to use for sensor, can solve without electricity or difficulty of powering, the ring for being not easy to use wired energy supply
The problem of condition monitoring is carried out to target in border.In addition, the system contains radio frequency (Radio Frequency) energy harvester with penetrating
Frequency energy emitter when extraneous (vibration) energy is inadequate, can emit RF energy, for radio frequency energy by RF energy transmitter
Collector is measured to collect energy and power to sensor.Based on this function, the utility model can be under extraneous energy starvation operating mode
Working sensor is actively waken up, eliminates the risk of systemic breakdown.
The correction data for the prior art what having prominent
[1] a kind of self-power wireless condition sensing monitoring systems of river city:Chinese .201320677837.0 [P]
.2013.10.31
[2] a kind of wireless sensers of Cao Guang loyalties and its power supply circuit:Chinese .201520875579.6 [P]
.2015.11.05
The utility model can be used for tire pressure monitoring, become tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)；For rail temperature monitoring；
It is monitored for engine temperature.
Specification
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the self energizing sensor-based system schematic diagram based on surface acoustic wave sensor that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 2 is the energy collecting system schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
In figure：1st, mass block；2nd, piezoelectric material；3rd, coil and bar magnet；4th, RF energy collector Super-material antenna；5th, energy
Buret manages circuit；6th, working sensor circuit；7th, antenna；8th, energy collecting system；9th, signal processing and RF energy control electricity
Road；10th, cloud database.
Fig. 3 is the energy management circuit schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 4 is the working sensor module diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 5 is the signal processing and RF energy electric operation control circuit figure that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 6 is the vibrational energy collector schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 7 is the controlling party for the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor that the utility model embodiment provides
Method flow chart.
Fig. 8 is that the RF energy collector antenna that the utility model embodiment provides uses Super-material antenna schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, with reference to embodiments, to this
Utility model is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this practicality
It is new, it is not used to limit the utility model.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in detail the structure of the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor that the utility model embodiment provides, bag
It includes：
Energy collecting system 8 is connected with signal processing and RF energy control circuit, for by the vibrational energy of ambient energy
Amount and RF energy are converted to regulated power driving working sensor, and the letter for detecting sensor by antenna using sensor
Number it is transferred to signal processing and RF energy control circuit；
Signal processing and RF energy control circuit 9, are connected with cloud database, for by the signal of sensor transmissions into
The microcontroller of a series of processing of row, input signal processing and RF energy control circuit；Microcontroller one side, in vibrational energy
When amount deficiency but needs working sensor, the RF energy transmitter of control signal processing and RF energy control circuit is penetrated
Frequency energy, for energy collecting system collecting energy；On the other hand, after microcontroller obtains sensor information, it is uploaded to high in the clouds number
According to storehouse；
Cloud database 10, for high in the clouds data to be interacted with intelligent terminal.
The self energizing sensor-based system principle realization sound table based on surface acoustic wave sensor that the utility model embodiment provides
The self energizing function of surface wave sensor-based system, specifically includes as follows：
1) energy collected by the utility model includes vibrational energy and RF energy.
2) a vibrational energy part is converted to electric energy by the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric material, and another part passes through electromagnetic induction
Be converted to electric energy.RF energy is converted to electric energy by RF energy collector.
3) energy gathered is powered by processing such as electric power management circuit rectification, storage, voltage stabilizings for sensor.Sensor
Heat transfer agent is passed through into array signal processing and control circuit.
4) sensor is transmitted through the signal come and carries out a series of processing by signal processing circuit, is passed to microcontroller.Work as vibration
When energy deficiency but needs working sensor, microcontroller control high power transmission device transmitting RF energy is adopted for RF energy
Collector works, acquisition RF energy driving working sensor.
5) after microcontroller obtains sensor information, be uploaded to cloud database, high in the clouds data can with terminal such as mobile phone into
Row interaction is further expanded as " Internet of Things ".
The advantages of the utility model, is embodied in：Prior art self energizing wireless sensing circuit, relies solely on energy harvester
The energy in ambient enviroment is collected, however, the energy of ambient enviroment is typically all what is changed, when ambient energy is smaller, i.e.,
When being not enough to driving sensor by the energy that energy harvester is collected, whole system will paralyse, and unpredictable consequence occur.
The utility model contains radio frequency (Radio Frequency) energy harvester and RF energy transmitter, when extraneous (vibration) energy
When inadequate, can RF energy be emitted by RF energy transmitter, collect energy for RF energy collector and supplied to sensor
Electricity.Based on this function, the utility model can actively wake up working sensor under extraneous energy starvation operating mode, eliminate system paralysis
The risk of paralysis.
As shown in Fig. 2, energy collecting system：
Energy collecting system purpose is to be converted to ambient energy (such as vibrational energy and the actively RF energy of transmitting) surely
Determine electric energy to use for sensor.The specific implementation process is as follows：
1) vibrational energy can trigger coil directly mutually to be moved with 3 coil of bar magnet and bar magnet, and then cause in coil
Magnetic flux changes, and electromagnetic induction phenomenon occurs, so as to which vibrational energy is converted to electric energy.
2) vibrational energy also results in the up-down vibration of mass block 1, and mass block vibration can cause 2 stress of piezoelectric material, go out
Existing piezoelectric effect, electric energy is converted to by vibrational energy.
3) RF energy collector is that electric energy is switched to electromagnetic wave by RF energy collector antenna 4 in transmitting terminal,
Electromagnetic wave is switched to electric energy by receiving terminal again by RF energy collector antenna, and the working frequency of antenna is necessary in transfer process
It is identical with the frequency of received signal.
4) energy management circuit 5 is that collected alternation, high frequency, unstable electric energy are passed through rectification, storage, steady
The electric energy that processing become direct current, the energy of stabilization is used for sensor such as pressure.
5) purpose of working sensor circuit 6 is that the heat transfer agent of SAW device is converted to oscillator signal, is passed through
Antenna 7 propagates to microcontroller.
Piezoelectric material can take PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane, dimethyl silicone polymer) film in figure.In addition,
The working frequency of RF energy reception antenna must be identical with emitting the frequency of radiofrequency signal.
As shown in figure 3, energy management circuit：
The circuit main purpose is that collected alternation, high frequency, unstable electric energy are passed through rectification, storage, voltage stabilizing
Processing is waited to become direct current, the electric energy that the energy of stabilization is used for sensor.The circuit is mainly made of four parts, i.e. AC-DC
Rectifier, MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT maximum power point tracking) converter, energy accumulator and steady
Volt circuit.Specifically effect is as follows for each component：
1) ac-to-dc rectifier：It is direct current that the module, which is act as the AC rectification collected by energy harvester,.
The module is made of four diodes；
Connection relation, D1-D4 are diode；Diode D1 is in parallel with diode D3, and diode D2 and diode D4 is simultaneously
Connection, when energy harvester output for positive half cycle when, point a just, point b bear, electric current through diode D1, is loaded, diode D4 by a, time
To b ends；When energy harvester output for negative half period when, Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer a is born, b just, electric current through diode D2, is born by b ends
It carries, diode D3 returns to a ends；No matter a, the voltage levels of b, system power direction is certain；
Since diode has one-way conduction characteristic, alternating current is diode by the current direction after diode rectification
Conducting direction.Electric current is flowed into clockwise direction in Fig. 3.
2) MPPT converters：The converter is part more crucial in entire energy management circuit.The converter is by electricity
Feel L1, capacitance C1, diode D5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q, resistance R1 and MPPT control circuit composition.
Wherein inductance L1 plays a part of to filter, and the direct current after AC rectification contains AC compounent, can be hindered using inductance
Keep off AC compounent by the way that (allowing direct current by exchange not being allowed to pass through) plays the role of filtering.Capacitance C1 is risen to DC power supply
On alternating component filter out effect, diode D5 for ensure current direction.Resistance R1 is to become the current signal in circuit
Voltage signal is used for MPPT control circuits.MPPT control circuits are by microcontroller TIMSP430 and programmable pulse pio chip
LTC6906, module input is resistance R1 both end voltage signals, is exported as PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation, pulsewidth
Modulation) signal.MPPT act as that input source is made to be operated near its maximum power point, and energy harvester is enable to export more
The direct current of rectifier is effectively stored in super capacitor by electric energy, so that sensor uses.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q act as basis
The pwm signal that MPPT control circuits are exported adjusts the output power of MPPT converters, and Q becomes for MPPT
The executive component of parallel operation.
3) energy accumulator：The energy accumulator is the energy-storage travelling wave tube of circuit, is made of super capacitor.The super capacitor
The capacitance order of magnitude is farad (F), and voltage level is volt (V).
4) regulator circuit：Regulator circuit is made of Linear Techn Inc.'s voltage-stablizer and LTC1877 chip peripheral outer elements.
The input voltage range of the chip is 2.65V to 10V, is exported as 3.3V, is that a high efficiency, one chip, synchronous buck type are steady
Depressor, using a kind of constant frequency, current mode architecture.In addition, the transfer efficiency of LTC1877 is very high, reach as high as
95%, system power dissipation can be reduced.
As shown in figure 4, working sensor circuit：
Transducing signal is amplified and is gone out by antenna propagation to make normal operation of sensor by the circuit purpose.The circuit
It is made of gain amplifier U1, resistance R1, surface acoustic wave sensor, power amplifier U2, antenna and match circuit.Each component
Specific effect is as follows：
1) surface acoustic wave sensor plays sensing, and the physical signals such as temperature, pressure can be converted to the electric signal of vibration,
Sensor is resonant mode surface acoustic wave sensor, and resonant frequency is in correlativity with measured physical quantity.
2) sensor oscillator circuit selection Pierce pierce circuits, advantage are high for reliability and stability.
Wherein, gain amplifier U1 plays gain amplification, and resistance R4, resistance R5 and resistance R6 adjust the static state of amplifier
Operating point so that gain amplifier U1 is in amplification working condition.The frequency stabilization for acting as improving oscillating circuit of inductance L4
Property, Vin is the supply voltage of oscillating circuit, on the one hand SAW resonator forms π type nets with capacitance C6, two capacitances of capacitance C7
On the other hand the bandpass filter of network form, on resonator resonant frequency, provides 180 degree phase shift.So that oscillating circuit
Meet two conditions of vibration, i.e. 1. amplitude balance 2. phase equilibrium, and then entire oscillating circuit vibration is got up.
3) driving and match circuit：The circuit purpose is that transducing signal is propagated to receiving module antenna.Drive module by
Power amplifier U2 is formed, and match circuit is made of inductance L3 and capacitance C5, by the impedance of antenna and the impedance phase of amplifier
Match somebody with somebody.
In the measurement data of surface acoustic wave oscillating circuit, the operating point of oscillating circuit is near 434MHz.
As shown in figure 5, signal processing and RF energy control circuit：
The purpose of signal processing and control circuit is：One, by the signal from sensor it is filtered, amplification, zero intermediate frequency
It is passed to after demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion in microprocessor, so as to achieve the purpose that read sensor information.Two, microprocessor control is high
Power radio frequency transmitter emits RF energy and is used for sensor, in low outside energy, actively wakes up working sensor.
It is as follows to implement step：
Purpose one realizes step：
1) sensor signal filters mixed and disorderly outside useful band into radio-frequency filter M1 after signal receiving antenna receives
Signal.
2) low-noise amplifier must be used into low-noise preamplifier G1, G1 after, avoids bringing noise signal into,
Influence system signal quality.
3) enter after in zero intermediate frequency receiver, the principle of zero intermediate frequency receiver is：It is filtered by low-converter J1, J2, on piece
Ripple device M2, M3 and low-noise amplifier G2, G3 composition.The signal that G1 comes out is with signal of the signal source Jing Guo orthogonalization in down coversion
Down-frequency conversion is carried out in device J1, J2, obtained signal enters on piece high-order low-frequency filter, obtains fundamental frequency signal.Due to letter
It is number weaker, the not up to range ability of AD (analog-to-digital conversion), so as to add amplifier G2, G3.Zero-IF demodulator advantage is
IF signal frequency is zero, there is no image frequency, therefore there is no image frequency interference problem, the filter of high q-factor band logical is not required
Ripple device can realize single-chip integration very well, also reduce receiver power consumption and interference in addition.
4) it is digital signal by analog-signal transitions into AD after.
5) digital signal enters microprocessor after, completes to read the task of sensor information.
Purpose two realizes step：
1) when people needs actively to read sensing data, wake-up button is pressed, microcontroller, which is sent, starts transmitter work
The signal of work.
2) signal enters in radio-frequency transmissions chip nRF905, which act as becoming signal source, generates radiofrequency signal.It
Afterwards, in radiofrequency signal ingoing power amplifier RF5110G, which act as the energy of enhancing radiofrequency signal.
3) RF energy is launched by antenna.So as to fulfill target two.
Its component of surface acoustic wave sensor is made of piezoelectric material, reflecting grating, interdigital electrode, pad, conducting wire.
The measurement data of the reflectance factor S11 of SAW device is as obtained by measuring vector network analyzer, the sound table
Surface wave resonant frequency is near 432MHz, the design of oscillating circuit needs to design according to the frequency of oscillation of the device.
As shown in fig. 6, vibrational energy collector：
PDMS can be used in the energy harvester, piezoelectric material.The energy harvester can reach the purpose for collecting vibrational energy.
And vibrational energy divides two parts to collect, i.e. the 1. bending of mass block drive piezoelectric material, so as to piezoelectric effect occur, by vibrational energy
Amount switchs to move in the electric energy magnetic field that 2. mass block movement is provided with moving winding in bar magnet, and magnetic flux changes in coil, by
Electromagnetic induction effect is understood, will be produced electricl energy.
The output current of energy harvester and the data of output voltage are collected by data collecting card, are energy
The output parameter of collector.
As shown in fig. 7, the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor that the utility model embodiment provides
Control method；
It is described in detail below：
1) after system starts running, receiver (containing microcontroller, signal processing circuit) is in holding state, collection of energy
Ambient energy is collected in system operating；
2) microcontroller judges whether that sensor has signal to transmit；
3) have in the case of signal transmits, microcontroller controls and receives machine and receives transducing signal, normal operation of sensor；
If 4) sensor no signal enters receiver, represent that the electric energy of ambient energy deficiency or super capacitor storage is inadequate,
Then RF energy transmitter is in holding state；
5) microcontroller determines whether artificial active trigger signal, if Triggerless, returns to the standby shape of receiver
State, if there is trigger signal, into next step；
6) microcontroller control RF energy transmitter transmitting RF energy；
7) microcontroller determines whether artificially to terminate transmitting signal, and previous step is returned if without transmitting signal is terminated, after
Supervention penetrates RF energy；
If 8) there is termination transmitting signal, microcontroller sends signal, closes RF energy transmitter；
9) the standby transition of receiver is returned, restarts new cycling.
As shown in figure 8, RF energy collector antenna uses Super-material antenna：
Meta Materials application advantage in Super-material antenna：When emission of radio frequency signals source and antenna it is distant when, common day
The efficiency of energy collection of line is not high.And the split ring resonator of Meta Materials is used, as energy collection unit, the collection of unit area
It is more efficient.(Meta Materials (meta-material) are the artificial materials for having unusual electromagnetic property, generally by being much smaller than wavelength
Structural unit periodic arrangement form, such as there is the left-handed material of negative index and negative magnetoconductivity simultaneously.) antenna substrate
Polytetrafluoroethylglass glass fiber reinforcing material Rogers Duroid RT5880 can be used.Split ring resonator can be used golden (Au) and make
For material.
Electric field obtained from carrying out finite element analysis to the split ring resonator of Super-material antenna using simulation software distributes,
The opening electric field of split ring resonator is stronger, can gather electric energy from there.
Self energizing sensor-based system provided by the utility model based on surface acoustic wave sensor, energy content collector can be received
Collect vibrational energy and RF energy to use for sensor, can solve without electricity or difficulty of powering, the ring for being not easy to use wired energy supply
The problem of condition monitoring is carried out to target in border.In addition, the system contains radio frequency (Radio Frequency) energy harvester with penetrating
Frequency energy emitter when extraneous (vibration) energy is inadequate, can emit RF energy, for radio frequency energy by RF energy transmitter
Collector is measured to collect energy and power to sensor.Based on this function, the utility model can be under extraneous energy starvation operating mode
Working sensor is actively waken up, eliminates the risk of systemic breakdown.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of utility model etc., should be included in the utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor, which is characterized in that described to be sensed based on surface acoustic wave
The self energizing sensor-based system of device includes：
It is connected with signal processing and RF energy control circuit, for the vibrational energy of ambient energy and RF energy to be converted to
Regulated power drives working sensor, and using sensor by antenna by the signal transmission that sensor detects to signal processing and
The energy collecting system of RF energy control circuit；
It is connected with cloud database, for the signal of sensor transmissions to be carried out a series of processing, input signal processing and radio frequency
The microcontroller of energy steering circuit；Microcontroller on the one hand, when vibrational energy deficiency but needs working sensor, believe by control
Number processing and RF energy control circuit RF energy transmitter transmitting RF energy, for energy collecting system collecting energy；
On the other hand, after microcontroller obtains sensor information, the signal processing of cloud database and RF energy control electricity are uploaded to
Road；
For the cloud database for interacting high in the clouds data and intelligent terminal.
2. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the energy
Collection system includes：
It is connected with energy management circuit, for collecting the vibrational energy collector of the vibrational energy of surrounding；
It is connected with energy management circuit, for electric energy to be switched to electromagnetic wave by antenna in transmitting terminal, passes through antenna in receiving terminal
Electromagnetic wave is switched to the RF energy collector of electric energy again；
Be connected with working sensor circuit, for by collected alternation, high frequency, unstable electric energy by rectification, storage,
Become direct current after voltage stabilizing processing, the energy management circuit for the electric energy that the energy of stabilization is used for sensor；
The heat transfer agent of sensor is converted into oscillator signal, passes through the working sensor circuit of antenna propagation to microcontroller.
3. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that RF energy
Collector is RF energy collector Super-material antenna；The RF energy collector Super-material antenna is split ring resonator.
4. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that vibrational energy
Collector includes：
Mass block drives piezoelectric material bending, and vibrational energy is switched to the piezoelectric effect component of electric energy；
It is moved in the magnetic field that mass block movement is provided with moving winding in bar magnet, magnetic flux changes in coil, produces electricl energy
Electromagnetic induction part；
The piezoelectric effect component and electromagnetic induction part are electrically connected with energy management circuit.
5. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that energy management
Circuit is by ac-to-dc rectifier, MPPT converters, energy storage circuit and regulator circuit；
The ac-to-dc rectifier is connected with MPPT converters, which is made of four diodes；
Connection relation, D1-D4 are diode；Diode D1 is in parallel with diode D3, and diode D2 is in parallel with diode D4, when
Energy harvester output for positive half cycle when, point a just, point b bear, electric current through diode D1, is loaded by a, and diode D4 returns to b ends；
When energy harvester output for negative half period when, Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer a is born, b just, electric current by b ends through diode D2, load, two poles
Pipe D3 returns to a ends；No matter a, the voltage levels of b, system power direction is certain；
The MPPT converters, are connected with energy storage module, the MPPT converters by inductance L1, capacitance C1, diode D5,
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q, resistance R1 and MPPT control circuit composition；Connection mode, when electric current is by resistance R1, microcontroller TIMSP430
The voltage at both ends is detected, for microcontroller TIMSP430 by chip LTC6960 output pulse width modulated signals, pulse-width signal can
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q both end voltages and electric current, the power of regulating system are adjusted by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q so that system keeps Maximum Power Output；Electricity
The logical straight resistance that act as of sense L1 and capacitance C1 is handed over, the alternating component in filtering appts；
Energy storage circuit is connected with regulator circuit, and the energy storage circuit is made of super capacitor；
The regulator circuit is made of voltage-stablizer LTC1877 chips and peripheral outer element；The regulator circuit and sensor work
Make circuit connection.
6. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the sensing
Device operating circuit is made of Pierce oscillating circuits, driving and match circuit, antenna；The Pierce oscillating circuits are put by gain
Big device U1, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, capacitance C6, capacitance C7, surface acoustic wave sensor, inductance L4 compositions；The driving
And match circuit is made of power amplifier U2, inductance L3 and capacitance C5；
Connection mode passes through resistance R5, resistance R4, surface acoustic wave sensor company between the base stage and collector of gain amplifier U1
It connects, wherein, surface acoustic wave sensor is connected with resistance R4 parallel connections with resistance R5 again, and surface acoustic wave sensor both ends pass through capacitance
C6, capacitance C7 are grounded, and Vin is connected by resistance R6 with collector, and emitter is connected to ground by inductance L4, Pierce concussion electricity
The oscillator signal on road is by after the match circuit of power amplifier U2 amplifications and inductance L3 and capacitance C5 compositions, exporting to antenna.
7. the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that signal processing
And RF energy control circuit includes radio-frequency filter M1, low-noise preamplifier G1, zero intermediate frequency receiver Max703, AD mould
Number converter, microprocessor, incident frequency transmitting chip nRF905, power amplifier RF5110G, antenna are simultaneously sequentially connected；
The zero intermediate frequency receiver is made of simultaneously low-converter J1, J2, plate upper filter M2, M3 and low-noise amplifier G2, G3
It is sequentially connected.
8. a kind of tire pressure monitoring system for being equipped with the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor described in claim 1
System.
9. a kind of rail temperature for being equipped with the self energizing sensor-based system based on surface acoustic wave sensor described in claim 1
Monitoring system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621309914.7U CN207459809U (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Self energizing sensor-based system, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621309914.7U CN207459809U (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Self energizing sensor-based system, tire pressure monitoring system, rail temperature monitoring system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712246A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆大学 | Self-powered sensing system based on surface acoustic wave sensor and control method thereof |
| CN108899950A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of self energizing intelligence system and circuit system |
| CN109741445A (en) * | 2019-01-20 | 2019-05-10 | 吴鹏翔 | Body surface status real time monitor and digitlization modeling |
| CN110401268A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of RF energy collection method and system based on electromagnetic space Situation Awareness |
| CN115296442A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-04 | 清华大学 | Self-powered wireless sensing device and sensing method thereof |
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2016
- 2016-12-01 CN CN201621309914.7U patent/CN207459809U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712246A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆大学 | Self-powered sensing system based on surface acoustic wave sensor and control method thereof |
| CN108899950A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of self energizing intelligence system and circuit system |
| CN108899950B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2021-12-28 | 电子科技大学 | Self-powered intelligent system and circuit system |
| CN109741445A (en) * | 2019-01-20 | 2019-05-10 | 吴鹏翔 | Body surface status real time monitor and digitlization modeling |
| CN110401268A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of RF energy collection method and system based on electromagnetic space Situation Awareness |
| CN110401268B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2023-02-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Radio frequency energy collection method and system based on electromagnetic space situation perception |
| CN115296442A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-04 | 清华大学 | Self-powered wireless sensing device and sensing method thereof |
| CN115296442B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-05-28 | 清华大学 | Self-powered wireless sensing device and sensing method thereof |
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