CN207420643U - Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system - Google Patents

Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system Download PDF

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CN207420643U
CN207420643U CN201720966239.3U CN201720966239U CN207420643U CN 207420643 U CN207420643 U CN 207420643U CN 201720966239 U CN201720966239 U CN 201720966239U CN 207420643 U CN207420643 U CN 207420643U
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air
water
tank
valve
storage system
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安保林
陈嘉祥
杨鲁伟
王俊杰
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Zhonglv Zhongke Energy Storage Co ltd
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, including air compression unit, air expansion voltage regulation unit, water turbine set, water pump assembly, high pressure tank, middle pressure air accumulator, high pressure water tank and normal pressure water tank.Wherein, middle pressure air accumulator, air compression unit and high pressure tank are in turn connected to form energy storage passage;High pressure tank, air expansion voltage regulation unit, high pressure water tank, water turbine set and normal pressure water tank are in turn connected to form and release energy passage;Normal pressure water tank, water pump assembly and high pressure water tank are in turn connected to form backwater channel.The compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system avoids the problem of conventional compression air energy storage systems cavern addressing is difficult using air reservoir as air container, and the water of high position is replaced with the water of high pressure, the gravity head of water is replaced with the pressure head of water, tradition is eliminated and draws water the dependence of energy-accumulating power station potential difference over the ground.

Description

Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system
Technical field
The utility model is related to electric power storing technology field more particularly to a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage systems.
Background technology
With the continuous growth of China's net capacity, peak-valley difference constantly increases, and has some power grids since peak power supply lacks The presence of volume, it has to take the measure of mandatory power cuts to limit consumption, this not only hinders the development of productivity, but also may band Carry out social concern, so it is the active demand for realizing peak load regulation network that energy-storage system is introduced in power grid.In addition, with Regenerated energy Source, distributed energy supply and intelligent grid flourish, also increasing to the current demand of extensive development energy storage industry.
Conventional energy storage technology mainly has flywheel energy storage, battery energy storage, superconducting energy storage, ultracapacitor energy storage, storage of drawing water Energy and compressed-air energy storage etc..But the energy storage technology that can last for hours progress large capacity output at lower cost mainly wraps Include battery energy storage, draw water energy storage and compressed-air energy storage.For battery energy storage because its is of high cost, production and subsequent processing are dirty there are environment The problems such as dye, is difficult to extend to extensive energy storage field at present.Drawing water energy storage should as presently most ripe extensive energy storage With technology, have efficient, stored energy capacitance is big, the advantages such as equipment and technology maturation, but is limited simultaneously be subject to cistern addressing difficulty System hinders its large-scale popularization and application.Compressed-air energy storage carries out energy storage, but conventional compression in the form of air internal energy Air energy storage technology is needed using underground salt cave as gas storage space, equally has the problem of addressing is difficult.
Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, with reference to the characteristics of compressed-air energy storage, by air during energy is stored It is compressed and is stored in high pressure tank, and during releasing energy, pressure-air is released, will be in water tank Hydraulic pressure is reduced to high pressure conditions, and high pressure water promotes hydraulic turbine acting power generation.Compressed air need not be stored in cavern, and with water Pressure head replace gravity head, the reservoir that need not be sent to water at very high position solves compressed-air energy storage and pumping The problem of addressing is difficult in water energy storage.Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system has more flexibility, and scale is changeable, is more suitable for using In urban electric power storage system, and power consumption focuses primarily upon city, therefore compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system is for slow The peak regulation pressure of solution power grid is of great significance.
Utility model content
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, can effectively realize the small of hydroenergy storage station Type.
The utility model discloses a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, single including the first air accumulator, air compression Member, the second air accumulator, air expansion voltage regulation unit, the first water tank, water turbine set, the second water tank and water pump assembly, In, first air accumulator, the air compression unit and second air accumulator are in turn connected to form energy storage passage;Described Two air accumulators, air expansion voltage regulation unit, first water tank, the water turbine set and second water tank are successively Connection, which is formed, releases energy passage;Second water tank, the water pump assembly and first water tank are in turn connected to form return water Passage.
Preferential, the air compression unit includes the compressor of n (n >=1) grade series connection, and the air compression unit enters Shut-off valve is installed at mouthful.
Preferential, the air compression unit is fitted with triple valve except the compressor outlet of every level-one of afterbody, Two outlets of the triple valve are connected respectively with a shut-off valve, and in described two shut-off valves, one of shut-off valve goes out Mouth is connected with next stage suction port of compressor, another cut-off valve outlet is connected with the second air accumulator, and second air accumulator is High pressure tank.
It is preferential, n compressor in the air compression unit be screw, piston type or centrifugal one of which or A variety of combinations.
Preferential, second air accumulator is high pressure tank, and air operational pressure limit is 1.0MPa~50.0MPa (A)。
Preferential, the air expansion voltage regulation unit is made of m (m >=1) grade series connection expanding machine, and air expansion is steady Pressure unit entrance is equipped with shut-off valve.
Preferential, the air expansion voltage regulation unit is fitted with threeway except the entrance of every level-one expanding machine of afterbody Valve, two outlets of the triple valve are connected respectively with a shut-off valve, in described two shut-off valves, one of shut-off valve It exports and is connected with the expander inlet when previous stage, another cut-off valve outlet and the threeway before next stage expander inlet Valve is connected, if next stage expanding machine be afterbody, when previous stage cut-off valve outlet directly with afterbody expanding machine Entrance is connected.
Preferential, m expanding machine of the air expansion voltage regulation unit 20 is screw, piston type or centrifugal wherein one Kind or multiple combinations.
Preferential, first air accumulator is middle pressure air accumulator, the air/water working pressure range with the second water tank For 0.2MPa~40.0MPa (A), and its operating pressure is less than air operating pressure in the second air accumulator.
Preferential, first air accumulator and the first water tank share same storage tank.
The utility model discloses a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, including the first air accumulator, air compression unit, Second air accumulator, air expansion voltage regulation unit, the first water tank, water turbine set, the second water tank and water pump assembly, wherein, First air accumulator, the air compression unit and second air accumulator are in turn connected to form energy storage passage;Described second Air accumulator, air expansion voltage regulation unit, first water tank, the water turbine set connect successively with second water tank It connects to be formed and releases energy passage;Second water tank, the water pump assembly are in turn connected to form return water with first water tank and lead to Road.The compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system is with avoiding conventional compression air energy storage systems using air reservoir as air container The problem of addressing of lower cave is difficult, and with the water of high pressure instead of the water of high position, with the pressure head of water instead of the gravity of water Head eliminates tradition and draws water the dependence of energy-accumulating power station potential difference over the ground.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system provided by the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the combination diagram that air compression unit shown in Fig. 1 expands voltage regulation unit with air;
Fig. 3 is the 1st schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system thermal energy storage process provided by the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the 2nd schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system thermal energy storage process provided by the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the 3rd schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system thermal energy storage process provided by the utility model;
Fig. 6 is compressed-air energy-storage system return water process schematic provided by the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the 1st schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system exoergic process provided by the utility model;
Fig. 8 is the 2nd schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system exoergic process provided by the utility model;
Fig. 9 is the 3rd schematic diagram of compressed-air energy-storage system exoergic process provided by the utility model.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the utility model, the utility model will be described more fully below.Following embodiments In give the preferred embodiment of the utility model.But the utility model can be realized in many different forms, and It is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, the purpose for providing these embodiments is made in the disclosure to the utility model The understanding of appearance more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article is led with belonging to the technology of the utility model The normally understood meaning of technical staff in domain is identical.It is simply in the term used in the description of the utility model herein The purpose of description specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limitation the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, including the first air accumulator 6, sky Gas compression unit 10, the second air accumulator 5, air expansion voltage regulation unit 20, the first water tank 6, water turbine set 30, the second water tank 7 and water pump assembly 40.Wherein, second air accumulator 5 is high pressure tank 5, and second water tank 7 is normal pressure water tank 7。
First air accumulator 6, the air compression unit 10 are in turn connected to form energy storage with the high pressure tank 5 and lead to Road, first air accumulator 6 press air accumulator 6 in being in energy storage passage;The high pressure tank 5, air expansion voltage stabilizing Unit 20, first water tank 6, the water turbine set 30 are in turn connected to form with the normal pressure water tank 7 releases energy passage, institute The first water tank 6, which is stated, releasing to be high pressure water tank 6 in passage;Second water tank, the water pump assembly and described first Water tank is in turn connected to form backwater channel, and first water tank 6 is high pressure water tank 6 in backwater channel.In this implementation In example, to be cost-effective, the first air accumulator 6 and the first water tank 6 can be same storage tank, simply act in different channels not Together, as pressed air accumulator 6 or high pressure water tank 6 to be middle.Certainly, middle pressure air accumulator 6 or high pressure water tank 6 draw water storage in compressed air It can be in system or different storage tanks.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the air compression unit 10 includes the compressor of n (n >=1) grade series connection, and empty The inlet of gas compression unit 10 is equipped with shut-off valve Vc1.The air compression unit 10 is with its i-th (i<N) exemplified by grade compression, Triple valve Tc is installed in i-stage compressor outleti, the triple valve TciTwo outlets connect shut-off valve Vc respectivelyi1With cut Only valve Vci2, wherein, shut-off valve Vci1Outlet is connected with the entrance of i+1 grade compressor, and shut-off valve Vci2It is stored up with high pressure outlet Gas tank 5 connects.In the present embodiment, n compressor in the air compression unit 10 is screw, piston type or it is centrifugal its The combination of middle one or more.
It is a transient in terms of compression process, the pressure ratio of compressor is changing always, this reality in the utility model With new by the way of multi-stage compression, pressure ratio maximum changing range can be realized as 1~50MPa, and traditional compressor is difficult It realizes so big pressure ratio adjustable range, moreover, the scheme of the multi-stage compression contains control piper part, can realize The start and stop of each single-stage compressor are adjusted in unstable state compression process, it is suitable to be operated in oneself so as to fulfill compressors at different levels In the range of pressure ratio.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the air expansion voltage regulation unit 20 includes m (m >=1) grade series connection expansion unit, And air expansion 20 entrance of voltage regulation unit is equipped with shut-off valve Ve1.The air expands voltage regulation unit 20 with the i-th (i<m) Exemplified by grade expansion, triple valve Te is installed in i-stage expander inleti, the triple valve TeiTwo outlet respectively connection cut Only valve Vei1With shut-off valve Vei2, wherein, shut-off valve Vei1Outlet is connected with the entrance of i-stage expanding machine, shut-off valve Vei2Outlet with Triple valve Tei+1Entrance connection (if i=m-1, shut-off valve Vei2Outlet is directly connected with the entrance of m grades of expanding machines).This In embodiment, m expanding machine of the air expansion voltage regulation unit 20 is screw, piston type or centrifugal one of which or more Kind combination.
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, 5 operating pressure of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system mesohigh air accumulator Scope is 1.0MPa~50.0MPa (A);The air/water working pressure range of medium pressure gas storage/high pressure water tank 6 is 0.1MPa~40.0MPa (A), and its operating pressure is less than air operating pressure in high pressure tank 5.
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the water turbine set 30 includes the hydraulic turbine 31 and shut-off valve 32, the hydraulic turbine 31 be reaction turbine or impulse turbine, and the reaction turbine is mixed-flow, axial-flow type, diagonal flow type or through-flow One of formula;The Francis turbine is one of bucket-type, diagonal flow type or double click type.
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the water pump assembly 40 includes water pump 41 and shut-off valve 42, and the water pump 41 is One of centrifugal pump, vortex pump, axial-flow pump, piston pump, lobe pump or screw pump.
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, medium pressure gas storage/high pressure water tank 6 is pacified respectively with 7 top of normal pressure water tank Equipped with blow valve 8 and blow valve 9.
It need to further illustrate, the power generation formant of the utility model is the hydraulic turbine, therefore the efficiency of the hydraulic turbine is straight It connects and affects system whole efficiency.To ensure the high-efficiency operation of the hydraulic turbine, it is desirable to be able to realize the operating mode that the hydraulic turbine is stablized.Water wheels The inlet conditions parameter of machine is primarily referred to as inlet pressure, therefore, for realization system entirety high-efficiency operation, it is necessary to ensure the hydraulic turbine The stabilization of inlet pressure, the utility model can be realized using multi-staged air expansion voltage regulation unit during system non-steady state The stabilization of hydraulic turbine inlet pressure, this is also the reason for air accumulator is pressed during the utility model will be set.
Below as energy storage ,-return water-releases the three phases that can carry out successively to introduce compression provided by the utility model Air water-pumping energy-storage system operation principle.
Fig. 3-Fig. 5 is referred to, the operation principle of the thermal energy storage process of the compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system is as follows:
The initial time of thermal energy storage process, all valves are turned off.At this point, storage tank 6 is middle pressure air accumulator 6, high pressure tank 5 Air is each filled with middle pressure air accumulator 6, and air pressure is identical in two storage tanks, and water is full of in normal pressure water tank.At this point, it closes Close the shut-off valve Ve of air expansion voltage regulation unit 201, the shut-off valve 32 of water turbine set 30, water pump assembly 40 shut-off valve 42, put Empty valve 8 and blow valve 9 open the shut-off valve Vc of air compression unit 101.Close shut-off valve Vc11, open shut-off valve Vc12, open 1st grade of compressor, middle that air in air accumulator 6 is pressed constantly to be extracted, pressure declines, and pressure rises (this space-time in high pressure tank 5 Flow of air direction refers to Fig. 3).When in high pressure tank 5 pressure rise to a certain extent, beyond the adjusting of the 1st grade of compressor When ability, shut-off valve Vc is opened11With shut-off valve Vc22, close shut-off valve Vc12With shut-off valve Vc21, while open the 2nd grade of pressure Contracting machine (air-flow direction refers to Fig. 4 at this time).For i-stage compressor, when in high pressure tank 5 air pressure beyond the During the regulating power of i grades of compressors, then opening stop valve Vci1And Vc(i+1)2, close shut-off valve Vci2And Vc(i+1)1, and open pressure Contracting machine i+1.It carries out down successively, when pressure is more than the regulating power of compressor n-1 in high pressure tank 5, opens and cut Only valve Vc(n-1)1, close shut-off valve Vc(n-1)2, open n-th grade of compressor (air-flow direction refers to Fig. 5 at this time).At this time. Pressure reaches setting pressure in high pressure tank 5, and all air compressors are shut down, and close all shut-off valves, thermal energy storage process Terminate.
Referring to Fig. 6, the operation principle of the return water process of the compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system is as follows:
The initial time of return water process, all valves are closed.Storage tank 6 is high pressure water tank 6 at this time, opens blow valve 8 With blow valve 9, shut-off valve 42 is opened, water pump 41 is opened, water is constantly extracted out from normal pressure water tank 7, and is sent into high pressure storage In water pot 6, until water in normal pressure water tank 7 is completely drawn out, water pump 41 is shut down, and closes all valves, and the return water stage terminates.It needs It is noted that the water in this stage high pressure water tank 6 is still normal pressure or in very low pressure state.
Fig. 7-Fig. 9 is referred to, the operation principle of the compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system exoergic process is as follows:
The initial time of exoergic process, all valves are closed.Air expansion 20 shut-off valve of voltage regulation unit is opened at this time Ve1;Expanding machines at different levels by taking i-stage as an example, open shut-off valve Vei1, close shut-off valve Vei2;Open the shut-off valve 32 of water turbine set And normal pressure goes out the blow valve 9 of water pot.Expanding machines at different levels are opened, and open the hydraulic turbine 31.Air passes through successively from high pressure tank 5 It crosses expanding machines at different levels and carries out expansion decompression, reach setting pressure in m grades of expander outlets, and into high pressure water tank 6, by water High pressure is compressed to, high pressure water enters the hydraulic turbine 31 through shut-off valve 32, promotes the acting power generation of the hydraulic turbine 31, the water that the hydraulic turbine 31 is discharged It is stored (air-flow direction refers to Fig. 7 at this time) into normal pressure water tank 7.With the progress of exoergic process, high pressure tank 5 In air pressure be gradually reduced, when minimum admission pressure of its pressure less than the 1st grade of expanding machine, open shut-off valve Ve12, close and cut Only valve Ve11, the 1st grade of expanding machine shut down, and air is directly entered the 2nd grade of expanding machine in high pressure tank 5, and successively by each thereafter Grade expanding machine carries out expansion decompression (air-flow direction refers to Fig. 8 at this time).It is expanded for i-stage, when in high pressure tank 5 During decrease in air pressure to expanding machine i entrance minimum admission pressures, opening stop valve Vei2, close shut-off valve Vei1, expanding machine i It shuts down, air is directly entered (i+1) grade expanding machine in high pressure tank 5, and swollen by expanding machines progress at different levels thereafter successively Swollen decompression.It goes on, when air pressure is less than (m-1) grade expander inlet pressure in high pressure tank 5, opens successively Shut-off valve Ve(m-1)2, close shut-off valve Ve(m-1)1, (m-1) grade expanding machine shuts down, and air is directly entered the in high pressure tank 5 M grades of expander inlets (air-flow direction refers to Fig. 8 at this time).When the water in high pressure water tank 6 is all pushed out, m Grade expanding machine and the hydraulic turbine 31 are shut down, and close all shut-off valves, exoergic process terminates.
The utility model belongs to electric power storage art, discloses a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, and it is empty to be related to compression Gas energy storage technology and the energy storage technology that draws water, for the water-pumping energy-storage system that can be minimized.The compressed air is drawn water energy storage system System include air compression unit, air expansion voltage regulation unit, water turbine set, water pump assembly, high pressure tank, it is middle press air accumulator, High pressure water tank and normal pressure water tank.Wherein, middle pressure air accumulator, air compression unit and high pressure tank are sequentially connected shape Into energy storage passage;High pressure tank, air expansion voltage regulation unit, high pressure water tank, water turbine set and normal pressure water tank connect successively It connects to be formed and releases energy passage;Normal pressure water tank, water pump assembly and high pressure water tank are in turn connected to form backwater channel.The compression is empty Gas water-pumping energy-storage system is avoided conventional compression air energy storage systems cavern addressing using air reservoir as air container and is stranded The problem of difficult;The water of high position is replaced with the water of high pressure, the gravity head of water is replaced with the pressure head of water, eliminates tradition The dependence for energy-accumulating power station potential difference over the ground of drawing water.The utility model maximum pressure head is 40MPa, in the condition of identical power generation capacity Down, it can be achieved that by storage reservoir smaller volume decades of times, the miniaturization of hydroenergy storage station is effectively realized.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the utility model, and description is more specific and detailed, But therefore it can not be interpreted as the limitation to utility model patent scope.It should be pointed out that the common skill for this field For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to The scope of protection of the utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of the utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system, which is characterized in that including the first air accumulator, air compression unit, the second storage Gas tank, air expansion voltage regulation unit, the first water tank, water turbine set, the second water tank and water pump assembly, wherein, described the One air accumulator, the air compression unit and second air accumulator are in turn connected to form energy storage passage;Second air accumulator, The air expansion voltage regulation unit, first water tank, the water turbine set are in turn connected to form with second water tank Releasing can passage;Second water tank, the water pump assembly and first water tank are in turn connected to form backwater channel.
2. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air compression unit includes n The compressor of grade series connection, n >=1, and the air compression unit inlet is equipped with shut-off valve.
3. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the air compression unit is except last The compressor outlet of every level-one of level-one is fitted with triple valve, two outlets of the triple valve respectively with a shut-off valve phase It connects, in described two shut-off valves, one of cut-off valve outlet is connected with next stage suction port of compressor, another shut-off valve Outlet is connected with the second air accumulator, and second air accumulator is high pressure tank.
4. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the n in the air compression unit A compressor is the combination of screw, piston type or centrifugal one or more of which.
5. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that second air accumulator stores up for high pressure Gas tank, air operational pressure limit are 1.0MPa~50.0MPa (A).
6. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that air expansion voltage regulation unit by M grades of series connection expanding machine compositions, m >=1, and air expansion voltage regulation unit entrance is equipped with shut-off valve.
7. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the air expansion voltage regulation unit removes The entrance of every level-one expanding machine of afterbody is fitted with triple valve, and two outlets of the triple valve end respectively with one Valve is connected, and in described two shut-off valves, one of cut-off valve outlet is connected with the expander inlet when previous stage, another A cut-off valve outlet is connected with the triple valve before next stage expander inlet, if next stage expanding machine is afterbody, When the cut-off valve outlet of previous stage is directly connected with afterbody expander inlet.
8. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the air expands voltage regulation unit 20 M expanding machine for screw, piston type or centrifugal one or more of which combination.
9. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first air accumulator stores up for middle pressure Gas tank, the air/water working pressure range with the second water tank is 0.2MPa~40.0MPa (A), and its operating pressure is less than Air operating pressure in second air accumulator.
10. compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first air accumulator and first Water tank shares same storage tank.
CN201720966239.3U 2017-08-03 2017-08-03 Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system Active CN207420643U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107489467A (en) * 2017-08-03 2017-12-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system
RU2710135C1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-12-24 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" Tidal hpp

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107489467A (en) * 2017-08-03 2017-12-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Compressed air water-pumping energy-storage system
CN107489467B (en) * 2017-08-03 2023-11-14 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Compressed air pumping energy storage system
RU2710135C1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-12-24 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" Tidal hpp

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Effective date of registration: 20230815

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Patentee before: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

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