CN207381106U - It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya - Google Patents

It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya Download PDF

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Publication number
CN207381106U
CN207381106U CN201721482764.4U CN201721482764U CN207381106U CN 207381106 U CN207381106 U CN 207381106U CN 201721482764 U CN201721482764 U CN 201721482764U CN 207381106 U CN207381106 U CN 207381106U
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China
Prior art keywords
surabaya
outlet
unit
tritium
tritiated
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201721482764.4U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
侯京伟
陈超
王鑫
王和义
潘跃龙
肖成建
夏修龙
龚宇
付小龙
彭述明
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of tritiated processing unit is gone containing surabaya, the device is according to the characteristic of nuclear power station tritium-containing liquid waste, there is provided two-stage treatment techniques, using crystal evaporate as primary de- tritium and volume reduction technique, realize the low dense qualified discharge dilution containing surabaya of large capacity, using combined electrolysis catalysis exchange technique as secondary efficiently volume reduction technique, realize dilution containing surabaya and the volume reduction treatment of different multiples, it is simple with flow, device simple operation, system stability is good, the advantages of volume reduction and the high dilution factor, the device can realize dilution containing surabaya and volume reduction treatment, with extensive engineering application value.

Description

It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya
Technical field
The utility model belongs to nuclear waste disposal technical field, and in particular to a kind of to go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya.
Background technology
With national development and the needs of environmental protection, nuclear energy will play the part of more and more important work in China's energy field With.At the same time it is also necessary to which clear-headed recognizes, although nuclear energy is more environmentally friendly and green compared to fossil energy, nuclear energy is huge in offer Also a certain number of radwastes are inevitably generated while big energy, and with the expansion of nuclear power scale, therewith The radwaste of generation can also gradually increase.Due to the particularity of radwaste, common concern is constantly subjected to.
Tritium-containing liquid waste is one of importance.Tritium in pressurized water reactor type nuclear power generating sets mainly generates in nuclear reaction , a part is to generate in nuclear fuel element and pass through involucrum to penetrate into primary Ioops during nuclear fission, and another part is one Micro substance such as B, Li and D in the cooling agent of circuit are formed under neutron effect.For the nuclear power station of a gigawatt, Tritium discharge capacity is 70TBq/a, and wherein tritium exists in waste water in the form of HTO.For AP1000 heap-type units, primary Ioops cooling agent Middle tritium mainly enters liquid waste treatment system (WLS) in the form of reactor coolant loop efflux.
Tritium carries radioactivity, it may occur that β decays, and long half time was up to 12.43.Although China's national standard《Ionising radiation is prevented Shield and the safe basic standard of radiation source》Tritium is included in hypotoxicity radionuclide, but this harm for being not intended to tritium can be neglected Slightly.Liquid tritium(HTO/T2O)Radiotoxicity than gaseous state tritium(HT/T2)It is 10000 times high, alimentary canal, respiratory tract and damage can be passed through For the skin of wound into vivo, the accumulation of long-term or excess in vivo, can cause chronic interradial radiant disease.
Due to lacking the processing unit to tritium-containing liquid waste in existing nuclear power station, the removal means of traditional radioactive nucleic are as inhaled Attached, filtering, evaporation, ion exchange, membrane technology etc. are hardly possible by HTO and H2O is separated, and most of tritium is finally discharged To among environment.Growing with Construction of Nuclear Electricity scale, tritium-containing liquid waste discharge capacity will also gradually increase.Especially with interior The problem of schedule is mentioned in the construction in continental nucleus power station, tritium-containing liquid waste will become increasingly conspicuous.Since Inland Water dilution capacity is with respect to edge Extra large nuclear power station is weaker, what development inland nuclear power station first had to consider be influence of the discharge of a large amount of low dense tritium-containing liquid wastes to environment or Pollution problem of the person directly to drinking water.
The tritium level upper limit is 740Bq/L, the GB6249-2011 that China issues recently in the drinking water that Environmental Protection Agency formulates It provides, (detritiation and carbon-14) Total Beta Radioactivity is no more than 1Bq/L in receiving water body at one km of inland nuclear power station floss hole, and tritium is dense Degree is no more than 100Bq/L, while claims to the year total release of tritium(Liquid effluent 75TBq/a, gaseous effluent 15TBq/a).The several magnitudes of limit for height on the general tritium concentration than drinking water management of nuclear power station tritium concentration containing surabaya, therefore interior continental nucleus A large amount of direct discharging modes that seaside nuclear power station cannot be used containing surabaya that power station generates, to the degree of concern of tritium-containing liquid waste also day Benefit improves.Under current shortage of water resources and the increasingly strict situation of environment protectment protection, the need that are handled tritium-containing liquid waste Ask increasingly strong.
Nuclear power station tritium-containing liquid waste has the characteristics that concentration is low, treating capacity is big, while volume reduction factor to treatment process, safety Property and economical also there is very high requirement.Current published treatment process containing surabaya is mostly the processing for the heavy water containing tritium, and Mostly the dilution of tritium is, it is necessary to tritium in substantial amounts of hydrogen replacing water with air, the processing pressure of the hydrogen isotope separation unit of rear end It is huge with energy consumption.It is still deficient at present therefore, it is possible to meet the technique of nuclear power station large capacity tritium-containing liquid waste processing requirement.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of tritiated processing unit is gone containing surabaya.
Utility model goes tritiated processing unit containing surabaya, including feed system, crystal evaporate unit, cascade system, connection Close electrolytic catalysis exchange unit, surabaya storage container and heat pump energy-saving system, the feed system with crystal evaporate unit Inlet communication, the crystal evaporate unit tower reactor extraction mouth and cascade system inlet communication, the outlet of the cascade system with The inlet communication of combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit, the combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit bottom outlet and surabaya storage container Inlet communication, connected with heat pump energy-saving system at the top of the rectification cell.
The feed system is made of feed pump and bubble point feeder, and charging pump discharge and the entrance of bubble point feeder connect It is logical.
The crystal evaporate unit is made of rectifier unit and vacuum system, and vacuum system is by water ring vacuum pump and low temperature cold Trap forms;The heat pump energy-saving system is made of compressor and heat exchanger;The top of the rectifier unit and compressor Inlet communication, the outlet of compressor and the tube side inlet communication of heat exchanger, the bottom of rectifier unit and the shell side import of heat exchanger Connection, the shell-side outlet of heat exchanger are connected with rectifier unit bottom inlet, and the tube side outlet of heat exchanger is connected with threeway, threeway One end is connected with rectifier unit overhead reflux entrance, the dilution surabaya of the other end emission compliance of threeway;The Water-ring vacuum The bleeding point of pump and the outlet of cryotrap, the entrance of cryotrap are connected with heat exchanger shell pass.
The combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit is by catalysis exchange column, surabaya electrolytic enrichment device and hydrogen oxygen recombination device group Into;The catalysis exchanges the hydrogen end outlet of the gas access and surabaya electrolytic enrichment device of column bottom, and catalysis exchanges The liquid outlet of column bottom is connected with the liquid inlet opening of surabaya electrolytic enrichment device;Gas at the top of the catalysis exchange column Outlet is connected with the hydrogen end entrance of hydrogen oxygen recombination device, is catalyzed the liquid inlet at the top of exchange column and the liquid discharge of hydrogen oxygen recombination device Mouth connection;The oxygen of the surabaya electrolytic enrichment device brings out mouth and is connected with the oxygen end entrance of hydrogen oxygen recombination device;Described The catalyst filling alternate with filler being catalyzed in exchange column.
The tritiated processing unit of going containing surabaya of utility model is cascade based on crystal evaporate and combined electrolysis catalysis exchange Dilution and concentration technology containing tritium in surabaya.Into crystal evaporate unit after being preheated containing surabaya by feed system, in crystal evaporate list Light component H in member2O is enriched with the dilution surabaya to be formed and can discharged in tower top, and heavy constituent HTO is enriched in tower reactor, forms primary concentration Containing surabaya, H2O and HTO are separated;Primary concentration enters combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit containing surabaya via cascade system, H is electrolyzed to produce in surabaya electrolytic enrichment device2/ HT and O2, H2/ HT enters catalysis exchange column and is washed with primary concentration surabaya and top Water counter current contacting is washed, hydrogen isotopic exchange reaction occurs, it is achieved thereby that the H element in primary concentration liquid is shifted into gas phase, Achieve the purpose that the secondary efficient concentration of surabaya.
Utility model goes tritiated processing unit to realize stable bubble by the bubble point feeder of feed system containing surabaya Point charging, can have an impact rectifying separating effect to avoid feed state is unstable;By decompression operation, can improve containing tritium Separating effect of the water in crystal evaporate unit, while reduce the risk leaked out containing surabaya;By using water ring vacuum pump and Cryotrap can be avoided when providing vacuum condition, and vacuum system will contain tritium steam and drain into environment, avoid generating environment Pollution;By heat pump energy-saving system, Low Temperature Steam latent heat can be recycled, plays obvious energy saving effect, compare traditional distillation technology Energy saving more than 85%;By using hydrophobic catalyst, gas phase and liquid phase hydrogen isotopic exchange can be significantly improved in a mild condition Reaction efficiency reduces the energy consumption of combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit.
Utility model goes tritiated processing unit for the spy that nuclear power station tritium-containing liquid waste concentration is low, treating capacity is big containing surabaya Point, make use of it is a variety of be suitable for the separated technical principle of object system, establish design rationally, be skillfully constructed gone containing surabaya it is tritiated Device, which according to different process demands, can realize dilution containing surabaya and the volume reduction treatment of different multiples, have flow Simply, device simple operation, the advantages of system stability is good, volume reduction and the dilution factor are high, have extensive engineering application value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the utility model;
In figure, 1. feed system, 11. feed pump, 12. bubble point feeder, 2. crystal evaporate unit, 21. rectifier unit 22. 3. cascade system of vacuum system 221. water ring vacuum pump, 222. cryotrap, 4. combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit 41. is urged Change 411. catalyst of exchange column, 412. filler, 42. 43. hydrogen oxygen recombination device of surabaya electrolytic enrichment device, 5. surabaya storage container 6. 61. compressor of heat pump energy-saving system, 62. heat exchanger.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The utility model will illustrate by example and with reference to the appended drawing, all features disclosed in this specification or Disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, can be in any way in addition to mutually exclusive feature and/or step Combination.
Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated, can be equivalent by other or with similar purpose Alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics .
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model includes feed system 1, crystal evaporate unit 2, cascade system 3, co-electrolysis catalysis Crosspoint 4, surabaya storage container 5 and heat pump energy-saving system 6, the import with crystal evaporate unit 2 of the feed system 1 connect Logical, tower reactor extraction mouth and the inlet communication of cascade system 3 of the crystal evaporate unit 2, the outlet of the cascade system 3 is with combining The inlet communication of electrolytic catalysis exchange unit 4,4 outlet at bottom of combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit and surabaya storage container 5 Inlet communication, 2 top of the rectification cell is connected with heat pump energy-saving system 6.
The feed system 1 is made of feed pump 11 and bubble point feeder 12, the outlet of feed pump 11 and bubble point feeder 12 Entrance connection.
The crystal evaporate unit 2 is made of rectifier unit 21 and vacuum system 22, and vacuum system 22 is by water ring vacuum pump 221 It is formed with cryotrap 222;The heat pump energy-saving system 6 is made of compressor 61 and heat exchanger 62;The rectifier unit 21 Top and the inlet communication of compressor 61, the outlet of compressor 61 and the tube side inlet communication of heat exchanger 62, rectifier unit 21 Bottom and the shell side inlet communication of heat exchanger 62, the shell-side outlet of heat exchanger 62 are connected with 21 bottom inlet of rectifier unit, are exchanged heat The tube side outlet of device 62 is connected with threeway, and one end of threeway is connected with 21 overhead reflux entrance of rectifier unit, the other end of threeway The dilution surabaya of emission compliance;The bleeding point of the water ring vacuum pump 221 and the outlet of cryotrap 222, cryotrap 222 entrance is connected with 62 shell side of heat exchanger.
The combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit 4 is by catalysis exchange column 41, surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 42 and hydrogen oxygen recombination Device 43 forms;The gas access of 41 bottom of the catalysis exchange column and the hydrogen end outlet of surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 42, The liquid outlet of 41 bottom of catalysis exchange column is connected with the liquid inlet opening of surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 42;The catalysis exchange column The gas vent at 41 tops is connected with the hydrogen end entrance of hydrogen oxygen recombination device 43, the liquid inlet at 41 top of catalysis exchange column and hydrogen The liquid outlet connection of oxygen recombiner 43;The oxygen of the surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 42 brings out the oxygen of mouth and hydrogen oxygen recombination device 43 Gas end entrance connects;Catalyst 411 and 412 alternate filling of filler in the catalysis exchange column 41.
It describes in detail below to the course of work of the utility model, as described below:
Pending tritium concentration containing surabaya is 1.5 × 107Bq/L。
In the present embodiment, feed entrance point containing surabaya makes feeding temperature in the middle part of rectifier unit 21 by bubble point feeder 12 44 DEG C are maintained at, the number of plates of crystal evaporate unit 2 is 120 pieces, operating pressure 8-10kPa, 42 DEG C of tower top temperature, and reflux ratio is 25, it is 1.5 × 10 in the tritium concentration containing surabaya that heat pump energy-saving system 6 exports by distillation operation6Bq/L, produced quantity are charging The 90% of amount, the dilution factor are 10.The surabaya of tower reactor concentration is that tritium concentration is 1.36 × 10 after balance8Bq/L, primary concentration tritium Hydromining output is the 10% of inlet amount, and level-one volume reduction factor is 10.
Primary concentration surabaya enters via cascade system 3 in the catalysis exchange column 41 of combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit 4, into Material mouth feeds identical with catalysis 41 operation temperature of exchange column after preheating at the 1/4 of pillar height, is 55 DEG C, operating pressure is 120kPa.Catalyst 411 uses Pt-SDB hydrophobic catalysts, grain size 0.8-1mm in column, and filler 412 uses 3 × 3 triangle The filling of helical packing, catalyst and filler is compared for 1:4.
The HT/H generated in surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 422Enter from catalysis exchange column 41 bottom, from bottom to top with one Grade concentration surabaya and top washing counter current contacting, under the catalytic action of catalyst 411, occur hydrogen isotopic exchange reaction, gas Tritium in phase enters in liquid phase, and obtains concentration in surabaya electrolytic enrichment device 42, reaches 1.36 × 10 in tritium concentration10Bq/L When, two level efficient concentration surabaya is produced into surabaya storage container 5, produced quantity is the 1% of inlet amount.After treatment, containing tritium It is 10 that water, which goes the tritiated factor, volume reduction factor 1000.
To sum up shown, the utility model takes full advantage of crystal evaporate technique and joint point solves the advantages of being catalyzed exchange process, And efficiently combined, in processing low concentration when containing surabaya, can be allowed to well by containing the tritium dilution in surabaya Can be with qualified discharge, while can be very good surabaya carrying out volume reduction, substantially reduce dense surabaya subsequent processing and disposal when Between and expense.Therefore, the utility model can effectively solve the problem that the problem of nuclear power station tritium-containing liquid waste treatment process is deficient.
Examples detailed above is only one of the utility model preferred embodiment, it is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment. The utility model expands to any new feature disclosed in the present specification or any new combination and discloses any new The step of method or process or any new combination.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya, it is characterised in that:Including feed system(1), crystal evaporate unit(2), grade Contact system(3), combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit(4), surabaya storage container(5)And heat pump energy-saving system(6), the charging System(1)With crystal evaporate unit(2)Inlet communication, the crystal evaporate unit(2)Tower reactor extraction mouth and cascade system(3) Inlet communication, the cascade system(3)Outlet and combined electrolysis catalysis exchange unit(4)Inlet communication, the joint Electrolytic catalysis exchange unit(4)Outlet at bottom and surabaya storage container(5)Inlet communication, the rectification cell(2)Top with Heat pump energy-saving system(6)Connection.
2. according to claim 1 go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya, it is characterised in that:The feed system(1) By feed pump(11)With bubble point feeder(12)Composition, feed pump(11)Outlet and bubble point feeder(12)Entrance connection.
3. according to claim 1 go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya, it is characterised in that:The crystal evaporate unit (2)By rectifier unit(21)And vacuum system(22)Composition, vacuum system(22)By water ring vacuum pump(221)And cryotrap (222)Composition;The heat pump energy-saving system(6)By compressor(61)And heat exchanger(62)Composition;The rectifier unit (21)Top and compressor(61)Inlet communication, compressor(61)Outlet and heat exchanger(62)Tube side inlet communication, Rectifier unit(21)Bottom and heat exchanger(62)Shell side inlet communication, heat exchanger(62)Shell-side outlet and rectifier unit (21)Bottom inlet connects, heat exchanger(62)Tube side outlet be connected with threeway, one end of threeway and rectifier unit(21)Top Reflux inlet connects, the dilution surabaya of the other end emission compliance of threeway;The water ring vacuum pump(221)Bleeding point with it is low Warm cold-trap(222)Outlet, cryotrap(222)Entrance and heat exchanger(62)Shell side connects.
4. according to claim 1 go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya, it is characterised in that:The co-electrolysis catalysis Crosspoint(4)By catalysis exchange column(41), surabaya electrolytic enrichment device(42)And hydrogen oxygen recombination device(43)Composition;Described urges Change exchange column(41)The gas access of bottom and surabaya electrolytic enrichment device(42)Hydrogen end outlet, be catalyzed exchange column (41)The liquid outlet of bottom and surabaya electrolytic enrichment device(42)Liquid inlet opening connection;The catalysis exchange column(41) The gas vent at top and hydrogen oxygen recombination device(43)Hydrogen end entrance connection, be catalyzed exchange column(41)The liquid inlet at top with Hydrogen oxygen recombination device(43)Liquid outlet connection;The surabaya electrolytic enrichment device(42)Oxygen bring out mouth and hydrogen oxygen recombination Device(43)Oxygen end entrance connection;The catalysis exchange column(41)Interior catalyst(411)With filler(412)It is alternate to fill out Dress.
CN201721482764.4U 2017-11-09 2017-11-09 It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit containing surabaya Expired - Fee Related CN207381106U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107705867A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-02-16 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit and method containing HTO
CN109650477A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-04-19 徐志红 A kind of filler and its application
CN112473692A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-12 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 Catalytic filler for separating hydrogen isotope oxide and preparation method and application thereof
CN116251372A (en) * 2023-04-03 2023-06-13 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 Multi-tower cascade tritium-containing water heat pump rectification device and method adopting tower top steam supercharging

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107705867A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-02-16 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 It is a kind of to go tritiated processing unit and method containing HTO
CN109650477A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-04-19 徐志红 A kind of filler and its application
CN112473692A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-12 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 Catalytic filler for separating hydrogen isotope oxide and preparation method and application thereof
CN112473692B (en) * 2020-12-10 2024-03-12 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 Catalytic filler for separating hydrogen isotope oxide and preparation method and application thereof
CN116251372A (en) * 2023-04-03 2023-06-13 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 Multi-tower cascade tritium-containing water heat pump rectification device and method adopting tower top steam supercharging

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