CN207280599U - Infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation - Google Patents
Infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This patent discloses a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation, preposition infrared lens image in IR Scene in mask plate group, two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform controls the relative motion of mask plate group, so as to fulfill the switching of modulating mode, mask plate component masses are corresponded precisely to focus planar detector by postposition infrared lens, finally carry out data acquisition by the data collecting card of computer.For different mask plate group structures, this patent also discloses two kinds infrared parallelly compressed imaging method.This patent can obtain high-definition picture with small-scale infrared focal plane detector, while significantly improve the resolution ratio of area-of-interest, effectively reduce being compressed into as systematic sampling time, system occupied space and mask plate cost of manufacture.
Description
Technical field
This patent belongs to infrared imaging field, and in particular to it is a kind of be modulated using mask plate group it is infrared parallelly compressed
Imaging system.
Background technology
Infrared imagery technique all has the function that important in fields such as early warning, video monitoring, disaster surveillances.Due to infrared spy
Survey device price and be far above visible-light detector, thus Optical Resolution of Imaging System is improved according to large area array infrared detector, not only
It is expensive, and photoelectricity crosstalk, shot noise etc. can be brought to influence.
Compressed sensing (compressive sensing, CS) theory is pointed out：As long as signal X ∈ RN×1In some orthogonal transformation
It is sparse on base Ψ, it is possible to using an observing matrix Φ with converting the incoherent M × N-dimensionals of base Ψ by high dimensional signal X
Project to a low-dimensional signal Y, i.e. Y=Φ Θ, wherein Φ ∈ RM×N, Θ is original signal X sparse on orthogonal transformation base Ψ
Representation.Finally letter can be realized with the sample required far fewer than nyquist sampling rate by solving an optimization problem
Number Exact recovery or close approximation.
And the process for obtaining measured value is actually to use observing matrix ΦM×NM row vectorTo sparse
Coefficient vector is projected, that is, calculates Θ and each observation vectorBetween inner product, obtain M observationForm measured value vector Y=(y1,y2,…,yM), i.e.,
Y=Φ Θ=Φ ΨTX.
Due to M ＜ ＜ N, i.e. the number of equation is far smaller than the number of unknown number, thus signal reconstruction is one and owes to ask surely
Topic, can not provide definite solution.The problem is usually converted into a L1 optimization problem (it is required that Φ and Ψ are uncorrelated)：
min‖ΨTX‖1s.t.ΦΨTX=Y
Algorithms most in use has matching pursuit algorithm, orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, tree-like matching pursuit algorithm, the orthogonal matching of segmentation
Tracing algorithm, minimum total variation method, GRADIENT PROJECTION METHODS, iteration method and chain type tracing algorithm etc..
Rice University proposes single pixel camera structure based on above-mentioned theory.It passes through Digital Micromirror Device (Digital
Micro-mirror Device, DMD) on micro mirror upset realize spatial phase modulation, and gathered by a single pixel detector
Enough measured values, original image is obtained finally by an optimization problem is solved.The resolution ratio of reconstruction image depends at this time
In DMD resolution ratio, and measured rate (ratio of pendulous frequency and sum of all pixels) can just obtain preferable image reconstruction effect for 25%
Fruit.But single pixel camera still face the sampling time it is long the problem of：When the timing of measured rate one, the more high required survey of DMD resolution ratio
It is more to measure number.And need camera being aligned interesting target all the time until obtaining enough samples needed for reconstruct.
Target is also needed in sampling process to remain unchanged as far as possible.In addition commercialization DMD is only limited to ultraviolet (363~420nm), visible at present
Light (400~700nm) and short-wave infrared (700~2500nm) wave band.Thus in other spatial lights of its all band generally use
Modulator, such as mask plate.In order to obtain enough measured values, it is necessary to take multiple measurements pattern switching, this may cause
Compressed sensing imaging system based on mask plate faces the problems such as occupied space is big, mask plate cost of manufacture is high.
The content of the invention
It is compressed into shorten as the systematic sampling time, reduces system occupied space and mask plate cost of manufacture, this patent
It is proposed a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system being modulated using mask plate group, can be detected with small-scale infrared focus plane
Device obtains high-definition picture, while significantly improves the resolution ratio of area-of-interest.
In order to achieve the above object, this patent adopts the following technical scheme that：
Infrared parallelly compressed imaging system described in this patent, including preposition infrared lens 1, mask plate group 2, two dimension are electronic
Displacement platform 3, postposition infrared lens 4, infrared focal plane detector 5 and computer 6；The mask plate group 2 is positioned at preposition infrared
In the image planes of camera lens 1, and it is fixed on two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3；It is infrared that the infrared focal plane detector 5 is located at postposition
In the image planes of camera lens 4, and detector cells piecemeal corresponds to the independent block region in mask plate group 2；The computer 6 and two
Tie up electricity driving displacement platform 3 and infrared focal plane detector 5 is connected.
The service band of preposition infrared lens 1 described in this patent is 8 μm~14 μm, and focal length 50mm, F number are 1.8.
Mask plate group 2 described in this patent is made of horizontal and vertical metal mask plate, and the minimum unit of mask plate
It is square.Every piece of mask plate forms 0,1 two values matrix, wherein 1 corresponds to light transmission part, 0 corresponds to lightproof part.
Whether identical according to minimum unit, the mask plate group can be divided into following two situations：(a) horizontal mask plate minimum unit side
K (k=2,3 ..., 20) times of a length of vertical mask plate minimum unit length of side, the horizontal mask plate minimum unit length of side is 10 μ here
M, the vertical mask plate minimum unit length of side is 5 μm, and horizontal mask board size is 30mm × 40mm, and vertical mask board size is
40mm×5mm；(b) horizontal mask plate is identical with the minimum unit of vertical mask plate, and two kinds of mask plates are by being superimposed complementary structure
Into the mask plate of square shaped cells bigger：Here the minimum unit length of side of horizontal mask plate and vertical mask plate is 5 μm, and water
Flat mask board size is 30mm × 40mm, and vertical mask plate is made of a series of vertical mask plate that sizes are 40mm × 4mm, and
These vertical mask plates are close to arrangement each other, and the total overlap-add region of two kinds of mask plates is horizontal mask plate area size.
Two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3 is controlled by computer programming described in this patent, its in the horizontal direction with vertical direction
Positioning accuracy be above 0.005mm.
The service band of postposition infrared lens 4 described in this patent is 8 μm~14 μm, and focal length 16mm, F number are 1.4, and its
Minimum object distance is 0.1m.
The resolution ratio of infrared focal plane detector 5 described in this patent is 1024 × 1280, and can pass through potting gum
Mode increase infrared focal plane detector cell size.
What computer 6 described in this patent drove for one equipped with two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform driving and focus planar detector
Desktop computer, and it is furnished with data collecting card.
According to the mask plate group structure of use, infrared parallelly compressed imaging method can be divided into following two described in this patent
Class：(a) the horizontal mask plate minimum unit length of side for the vertical mask plate minimum unit length of side k (k=2,3 ..., 20) times, at this time
Imaging method step is as follows：
Step 1：Incident light is imaged by preposition infrared lens 1 in mask plate group 2；
Step 2：It is imaged through the light of mask plate group 2 by postposition infrared lens 4 on infrared focal plane detector 5；
Step 3：Computer 6 controls infrared focal plane detector 5 to carry out data acquisition, and measurement data is uploaded to calculating
Machine data collecting card；
Step 4：Step 5 is directly performed if vertical mask plate just covers area-of-interest, otherwise the control of computer 6 two
Tie up electricity driving displacement platform 3, by vertical mask plate by move horizontally or 180 ° of continuous overturning in a manner of be moved to it is new interested
Region；
Step 5：Step 6 is directly performed if horizontal mask plate is moved into the end, otherwise computer 6 controls two-dimentional electricity
Dynamic displacement platform 3 so that horizontal mask plate moves in the horizontal direction, and vertical mask plate remains stationary as, repeat step 2~5, until
Collect enough measurement data；
Step 6：If the measurement data of collection is inadequate, computer 6 controls two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3 so that covers vertically
Diaphragm plate vertically moves, and horizontal mask plate remains stationary as, repeat step 2~6, until collecting enough measurement numbers
According to；
Step 7：Using convectional signals restructing algorithm (such as orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, minimum total variation on computer 6
Method, GRADIENT PROJECTION METHODS, chain type tracing algorithm etc.) original image is rebuild.
(b) horizontal mask plate is identical with the minimum unit of vertical mask plate, and two kinds of mask plates are by being superimposed complementary form
The mask plate of square shaped cells bigger, imaging method step is as follows at this time：
Step 1：Incident light is imaged by preposition infrared lens 1 in mask plate group 2；
Step 2：It is imaged through the light of mask plate group 2 by postposition infrared lens 4 on infrared focal plane detector 5；
Step 3：Computer 6 controls infrared focal plane detector 5 to carry out data acquisition, and measurement data is uploaded to calculating
Machine data collecting card；
Step 4：Step 5 is directly performed if the vertical mask plate to stagger just covers area-of-interest, otherwise computer 6
Control two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3 moves so that all vertical mask plates of area-of-interest mutually stagger with horizontal mask plate
To improve the resolution ratio of area-of-interest, other area mask plates keep initial relative position；
Step 5：Step 6 is directly performed if horizontal mask plate is moved into the end, otherwise computer 6 controls two-dimentional electricity
Dynamic displacement platform 3 so that all mask plates synchronize movement, repeat step 2~5, until collecting foot in the horizontal direction
Enough measurement data；
Step 6：If the measurement data of collection is inadequate, computer 6 controls two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3 so that interested
The vertical mask plate in region vertically moves, other mask plates remain stationary as, and repeat step 2~6 is enough until collecting
Measurement data；
Step 7：Using convectional signals restructing algorithm (such as orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, minimum total variation on computer 6
Method, GRADIENT PROJECTION METHODS, chain type tracing algorithm etc.) original image is rebuild.
The beneficial effect of this patent is：First, mask plate component masses are corresponded precisely into focus planar detector, to visit on a small scale
Device is surveyed to obtain compared with full resolution pricture, and the effectively control sampling time；2nd, by using high resolution mask to area-of-interest
Plate, other regions use low resolution mask plate, and area-of-interest point is significantly improved under conditions of effectively control pendulous frequency
Resolution；3rd, by the relative motion of mask plate, mask plate cost of manufacture and mask plate switching time are effectively reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the infrared parallelly compressed imaging system in this patent embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the mask plate group switching mode schematic diagram in this patent embodiment one.
Fig. 3 is the mask plate group switching mode schematic diagram in this patent embodiment two.
Fig. 4 is the mask plate group structure diagram in this patent embodiment three.
Fig. 5 is the mask plate group view in this patent embodiment three, wherein (1) is 3 pieces of vertical mask plate coverings
Schematic diagram during area-of-interest；(2) schematic diagram during area-of-interest is covered for 2 pieces of vertical mask plates；(3) it is all to cover
Diaphragm plate moves horizontally be at the end after, the vertical mask plate of area-of-interest carries out schematic diagram during vertical direction movement.
Embodiment
This patent is described further with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the infrared parallelly compressed imaging system in the present embodiment one.As shown in Figure 1, it is infrared simultaneously
Row compression imaging system is by preposition infrared lens 1, mask plate group 2, two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3, postposition infrared lens 4, infrared
Focus planar detector 5 and computer 6 form.IR Scene is first imaged onto in mask plate group 2 by preposition infrared lens 1, mask plate
Group 2 is imaged onto on infrared focal plane detector 5 by postposition infrared lens 4 again.Computer 6 controls two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform 3
Change the relative position of mask plate group 2 so as to fulfill the switching of mask board status.Mask board status often switches once, infrared burnt flat
Surface detector 5 gathers a data, and measurement data is uploaded to the data collecting card of computer 6.Finally according to collection
Data rebuild area-of-interest and other regions respectively.
Mask plate group switching mode is as shown in Figure 2.Wherein working region size is 24mm × 36mm. mask plate 2a-1 sizes
For 30mm × 40mm, the minimum unit length of side is 10 μm, thus ranks numbers of the mask plate 2a-1 in working region is 2400 × 3600.
Mask plate 2a-2 sizes are 40mm × 5mm, and the minimum unit length of side is 5 μm, thus working region ranks number for 4800 ×
1000. at this time mask plate switching law be：Mask plate 2a-2 is first moved to area-of-interest in the horizontal direction, moving step length is
10μm；Move mask plate 2a-1 in the horizontal direction at the same time, moving step length is 10 μm, until mask plate 2a-1 cannot continue towards this
A direction movement；If area-of-interest pendulous frequency is inadequate, mask plate 2a-2 is moved along vertical direction, moving step length is 5 μ
m.
On infrared focal plane detector 58 × 8 pixel is merged into a big pixel, thus detector resolution is changed into
128 × 160. 20 × 20 units correspond to a big pixel on detector on horizontal mask plate at this time.40 on vertical mask plate ×
40 units correspond to a big pixel on detector.When measured rate is 25%, the measurement of high-resolution area-of-interest needs
Number is
40 × 40 × 25%=400
Other regions need pendulous frequency be
20 × 20 × 25%=100
If low resolution reconstruction only thus is carried out to entire image, it is only necessary to switch 100 mask board status, but to
Obtaining the image of high-resolution area-of-interest then needs to continue to switch 300 mask board status.The data volume gathered at this time is
High-resolution imaging is carried out to entire image according to conventional method, the data volume of collection is
4800 × 7200=3.456 × 107
The data volume for using the imaging method collection in the present embodiment at this time is approximately the 8.85%. of conventional method
Low resolution imaging is carried out to entire image according to conventional method, the data volume of collection is
2400 × 3600=8.64 × 106
The data volume for using the imaging method collection in the present embodiment at this time is approximately the 35.4%. of conventional method
Embodiment two
Only changing the switching mode of mask plate group in the present embodiment two, system other structures are identical with embodiment one, because
And omit related description.Fig. 3 is the mask plate group switching mode schematic diagram in the present embodiment two.Wherein working region size is
24mm × 36mm. mask plate 2b-1 sizes are 30mm × 40mm, and the minimum unit length of side is 10 μm, thus mask plate 2b-1 is working
The ranks number in region is that 2400 × 3600. mask plate 2b-2 sizes are 40mm × 5mm, and the minimum unit length of side is 5 μm, thus in work
The switching law for making the ranks number in region as 4800 × 1000. mask plates at this time is：Mask plate 2b-2 is first with 180 ° of continuous overturning
Mode be moved to area-of-interest, and every time upset using close to the vertical side of area-of-interest as axis, thus mobile step
A length of mask plate 2b-2 horizontal direction length of sides 5mm；Move mask plate 2b-1 in the horizontal direction at the same time, moving step length is 10 μm, directly
It cannot continue to move towards this direction to mask plate 2b-1；If area-of-interest pendulous frequency is inadequate, along vertical direction
Mobile mask plate 2b-2, moving step length is 5 μm of
Mask plate group still meets the correspondence in embodiment one with detector.The imaging side in the present embodiment is used at this time
The data volume of method collection is approximately 8.85% (35.4%) of high-resolution (low resolution) conventional method
Embodiment three
Only changing the switching mode of mask plate group in the present embodiment three, system other structures are identical with embodiment one, because
And omit related description.Fig. 4 is the mask plate group structure diagram in the present embodiment three.Wherein working region size for 24mm ×
The minimum unit length of side of 36mm. mask plates 2c-1 and mask plate group 2c-2 be 5 μm of mask plates 2c-1 size for 30mm ×
40mm.2c-2 is divided into 10 equal portions by the overall size of mask plate group 2c-2 for 40mm × 40mm., thus is per a size
In addition original state mask plate 2c-1 and the non-hollow-out unit of 2c-2 overlapping portions can be made up of more 40mm × 4mm. complementation
Big square non-hollow-out unit, its length of side are that the switching law of 10 μm of mask plates at this time is：All mask plates are along level side
To movement is synchronized, moving step length is 10 μm；If desired area-of-interest resolution ratio is improved, then so that in area-of-interest
Vertical form translates up 5 μm along vertical direction, and the overseas mask plate of region of interest then keeps the relative position of original state,
All mask plates still synchronize movement in the horizontal direction at the same time；If area-of-interest pendulous frequency is inadequate, can continue along perpendicular
Nogata is to the vertical mask plate for moving area-of-interest, as long as moving step length is partially contained in for 5 μm of and some vertical mask plate
Area-of-interest, the vertical mask plate just do vertical direction translation.
A big pixel will be merged into by 8 × 8 pixel on infrared focal plane detector 5, thus detector resolution is
128 × 160. due to the complementary relationship of mask plate, the minimum unit length of side of regions of non-interest for 10 μm of because rather than region of interest
20 × 20 units correspond to a big pixel on detector on domain, and 40 × 40 units are corresponded to one on detector on area-of-interest
A big pixel.If the size of area-of-interest is 24mm × 6mm, then during whole mask plate group moves horizontally, only need
2 or 3 pieces of vertical mask plates are wanted to stagger in area-of-interest.Fig. 5 illustrates three kinds of states of mask plate group in the present embodiment three, its
In (1) when being all mask plate horizontal synchronization campaigns 3 pieces of vertical mask plates covering area-of-interests situation；(2) covered to be all
The situation of 2 pieces of vertical mask plate covering area-of-interests during diaphragm plate horizontal synchronization campaign；(3) it is when all mask plates move horizontally
After being at the end, the vertical mask plate of area-of-interest carries out situation during vertical direction movement.
When measured rate is 25%, the pendulous frequency that high-resolution area-of-interest needs still is 400 times, other regions need
The pendulous frequency wanted is 100 times.If low resolution reconstruction only is carried out to entire image, it is only necessary to switch 100 mask board status,
But then need to continue to switch 300 mask board status to obtain the image of high-resolution area-of-interest.Using this implementation
The data volume of imaging method collection in example is still approximately 8.85% (35.4%) of high-resolution (low resolution) conventional method
This patent is not limited to the scope of the above embodiment.What relevant technical staff in the field was done under the thought frame
Change is in the row of protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation, including preposition infrared lens (1), mask plate group
(2), two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform (3), postposition infrared lens (4), infrared focal plane detector (5) and computer (6)；Using covering
Diaphragm plate group carries out spatial modulation, it is characterized in that：
The mask plate group (2) is located in the image planes of preposition infrared lens (1), and is fixed on two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform (3)
On；The infrared focal plane detector (5) is located in the image planes of postposition infrared lens (4), and detector cells piecemeal corresponds to
Independent block region in mask plate group (2)；The computer (6) and two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform (3) and infrared focus plane
Detector (5) is connected.
2. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
The service band for stating preposition infrared lens (1) is 8 μm~14 μm, and focal length 50mm, F number are 1.8.
3. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
The mask plate group (2) stated is made of horizontal and vertical metal mask plate, and the minimum unit of mask plate is square；Every piece
Mask plate forms 0,1 two values matrix, wherein 1 corresponds to light transmission part, 0 corresponds to lightproof part；It is according to minimum unit
It is no identical to be divided into following two situations：
(a) the horizontal mask plate minimum unit length of side for the vertical mask plate minimum unit length of side k (k=2,3 ..., 20) times, here
The horizontal mask plate minimum unit length of side is 10 μm, and the vertical mask plate minimum unit length of side is 5 μm, and horizontal mask board size is
30mm × 40mm, vertical mask board size are 40mm × 5mm；(b) horizontal mask plate is identical with the minimum unit of vertical mask plate,
And two kinds of mask plates are by being superimposed the complementary mask plate for forming square shaped cells bigger：Here horizontal mask plate and vertical mask plate
The minimum unit length of side be 5 μm, and horizontal mask board size is 30mm × 40mm, and vertical mask plate is by a series of sizes
The vertical mask plate composition of 40mm × 4mm, and these vertical mask plates are close to arrangement, the total superposition area of two kinds of mask plates each other
Domain is horizontal mask plate area size.
4. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
State two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform (3) to be controlled by computer programming, it is high with the positioning accuracy on vertical direction in the horizontal direction
In 0.005mm.
5. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
The service band for stating postposition infrared lens (4) is 8 μm~14 μm, and focal length 16mm, F number are 1.4, and its minimum object distance is
0.1m。
6. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
The resolution ratio for stating infrared focal plane detector (5) is 1024 × 1280, and can be increased by way of potting gum infrared
Focus planar detector cell size.
7. a kind of infrared parallelly compressed imaging system based on mask plate modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute
Computer (6) is stated as a desktop computer equipped with two-dimensional electricity driving displacement platform driving and focus planar detector driving, and is matched somebody with somebody
There is data collecting card.
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| CN107727238A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared parallelly compressed imaging system and imaging method based on mask plate modulation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727238A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared parallelly compressed imaging system and imaging method based on mask plate modulation |
| CN107727238B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2023-09-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared parallel compression imaging system and imaging method based on mask modulation |
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