CN207227356U - Vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesizes oil system - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesizes oil system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207227356U CN207227356U CN201721003436.1U CN201721003436U CN207227356U CN 207227356 U CN207227356 U CN 207227356U CN 201721003436 U CN201721003436 U CN 201721003436U CN 207227356 U CN207227356 U CN 207227356U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system, moved by vehicle platform and carry out production activity on it, integrated in the vehicle platform and be disposed with the biomass material gasification unit for gasified bio-matter raw material, the purified synthesis gas converter unit that the synthesis gas for gasification to be obtained is purified and converted, and the F- T synthesis unit of F- T synthesis is carried out for the synthesis gas after converting will to be purified；The syngas outlet of the biomass material gasification unit is connected with the synthesis gas import of purified synthesis gas converter unit, and the syngas outlet of the purified synthesis gas converter unit is connected with the synthesis gas import of F- T synthesis unit.The system has the characteristics that miniaturization, removable, economically feasible, flexible.
Description
Technical field
A kind of biomass system synthesis oil system is the utility model is related to, refers in particular to a kind of vehicle-mounted biomass artificial oil system
System.
Background technology
It is renewable, eco-friendly power source with increasingly reducing for traditional fossil energy and increasingly sharpening for environmental
Development is increasingly subject to the common concern of human society.Wherein, biomass is as a kind of important renewable, eco-friendly power source, no
Only significant contribution can be made in terms of world's primary energy structure is improved, reduce fossil energy demand, can also reduce temperature
Room gas discharge, ensure the energy safety of supply, improve trade balance, promoting rural development and improving urban waste processing mode
Etc. play a role.
Biomass system synthesis oil tech (BTL) is one of current most potential biomass energy transformation technology.It is logical
Biomass pretreatment, gasification of biomass, purified synthesis gas conversion, F- T synthesis and optional oil product process are crossed, can be with
Convert biomass into liquid fuel.Wherein, the preprocessing process of biomass, is by shearing, crushing, dry by biomass material
The process such as dry so that water content, the granularity of raw material reach the requirement of gasification furnace charging.The gasification of biomass, is biology
Under certain thermodynamic condition, by suitable gasifying agent (oxygen or water vapour), a series of high temperature pyrolysis, oxygen occur for matter
Change, reduction and reforming reaction, obtain with CO and H2Based on and be associated with CH4、CO2, tar and residue crude synthesis gas.Biomass
Gasification can be divided into fixed bed gasification, moving bed gasification, fluidized gasification and entrained flow gasification.The purification of synthesis gas is transformed
Journey, is to remove, while adjust the H in synthesis gas the impurity in crude synthesis gas, such as sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine element2/ CO's
Ratio, to meet the requirement of follow-up fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst and reactor.Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process, in certain temperature and pressure
Under the action of power and catalyst, artificial oil (crude naphtha, big and heavy oil) and waxy stone product are converted synthesis gas to.Traditional Fischer-Tropsch
The reactor of synthesis has fixed bed reactors, fluidized-bed reactor and paste state bed reactor, its catalyst mainly has cobalt-based catalyst
Agent and ferrum-based catalyst.Optional oil product process, by being hydrocracked, hydrofinishing and fractional distillation process can be by artificial oil
Further it is refining to obtain the products such as gasoline, diesel oil, aviation kerosine, wax and lubricating oil.
Biomass material has the features such as energy density is low, complicated component, seasonal and regionality is strong, to biomass resource
Utilization bring certain difficulty.Collection and the cost of transportation accelerated growth with the expansion of collect range of biomass resource.Cause
This, in biomass material collection, fortune storage and supply side, there are significant problem and challenge for the biology artificial oil factory of scale.
Collected according to biomass resource amount and raw material, between cost of transportation there is the collect range of an economical rationality,
Biomass resource can be divided into big collect range biomass resource amount, middle collect range biomass resource amount and small collect range
Biomass resource amount.Wherein, big collect range biomass resource can supply ten 10,000 tons BTL factories, and collect range is 80~150
Kilometer, annual output is 20~400,000 tons of artificial oils；Middle collect range biomass resource can supply 10,000 tons BTL factories, collect half
Footpath is 30~80 kilometers, and annual output is 1~20,000 tons of artificial oils；Small collect range biomass resource can supply kiloton BTL
Factory, collect range are 3~10 kilometers, and annual output is 0.6~2 kiloton artificial oil.
For the remote countryside area being widely present, such as mountain area or forest zone, biomass resource belongs to small collect range biology
Matter stock number, can meet the production requirement of kiloton BTL factories.It is limited to these less-developed traffic conditions in area, severe
Natural environment and unstable political factor and human being state, the local biomass resource of one side cannot efficiently use,
On the other hand the fuel oil products of these area shortcomings from outside, it is necessary to obtain, and cost of transportation is high, expensive.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a kind of miniaturization, packaged type production, it is more economical it is feasible, flexible, investment risk is low
Device, utilization is processed to the small collect range biomass resource of remote districts to realize, while meets local artificial oil
The use demand of product.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of miniaturization, flexible vehicle-mounted biomass system to synthesize oil system.
To achieve the above object, vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system (Mobility provided by the utility model
Biomass To Liquid, abbreviation MBTL), moved by vehicle platform and carry out production activity on it, the vehicle
Integrated on platform and be disposed with the biomass material gasification unit for gasified bio-matter raw material, the synthesis gas for gasification to be obtained
The purified synthesis gas converter unit for being purified and being converted, and carry out F- T synthesis for the synthesis gas after converting will to be purified
F- T synthesis unit；The syngas outlet of the biomass material gasification unit and the synthesis gas of purified synthesis gas converter unit into
Mouth is connected, and the syngas outlet of the purified synthesis gas converter unit is connected with the synthesis gas import of F- T synthesis unit.
Preferably, the biomass material gasification unit includes gasification furnace, for inputting biomass material to gasification furnace
In gasification furnace feed arrangement, the PSA oxygenerators that gasifying agent is provided for gasification furnace, and crude synthesis gas for removing gasification generation
Tar decoking tank；The biomass inlet of the gasification furnace is connected with gasification furnace feed arrangement, the gasifying agent of the gasification furnace
Import is connected with PSA oxygenerators, and synthesis gas import of the syngas outlet of the gasification furnace with devoking tank is connected；
The purified synthesis gas converter unit includes being used to improve H2/ CO than conversion tank and for removing objectionable impurities
Purification pot, the synthesis gas import of the conversion tank are connected with devoking the syngas outlet of tank, the syngas outlet of the conversion tank
It is connected with the synthesis gas import of purification pot；
The F- T synthesis unit includes Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device, for Fischer-Tropsch synthetic progress Oil-gas Separation and slightly
The product separator that oil evaporates；The synthesis gas import of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device is connected with the syngas outlet of purification pot,
The oil gas vent of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device is connected with the oil and gas import of product separator.
Preferably, the biomass material gasification unit further includes the heat exchanger for the cooling that exchanges heat, was used for filter solid
The filter of particulate matter, and for caching the gas tank of preliminary purification synthesis gas；The synthesis gas import of the heat exchanger and institute
The syngas outlet for stating decoking tank is connected, and the syngas outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the synthesis gas import of filter, described
The syngas outlet of filter is connected with gas tank synthesis gas import, the syngas outlet of the gas tank and the conversion tank
Synthesis gas import is connected.
Preferably, the purified synthesis gas converter unit further includes the compressor for improving synthesis atmospheric pressure；The pressure
The synthesis gas import of contracting machine is connected with the syngas outlet of gas tank；The syngas outlet of the compressor and the synthesis of conversion tank
Gas import is connected.
Preferably, the product separator includes being used for the thermal release that refrigerated separation is successively carried out to Fischer-Tropsch synthetic
The fractionating column that thick synthesis oil mixture of the tank with cold knockout drum, for being obtained to refrigerated separation is fractionated, and for storing
The crude naphtha tank of oil product and gas-oil tank after separation；The oil gas vent of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device and the oil gas of hot knock-out pot
Import is connected；The gaseous phase outlet of the hot knock-out pot is connected with the gas phase import of cold knockout drum, the hot knock-out pot and cold separation
The thick synthesis oil export of tank is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of fractionating column respectively；The naphtha of the fractionating column distillates mouth and rubble
Cerebrol tank is connected, and the diesel oil outlet of the fractionating column is connected with gas-oil tank.
Preferably, the generating set for being disposed with and generating electricity using lighter hydrocarbons tail gas is also integrated in the vehicle platform, it is described
The lighter hydrocarbons offgas outlet of cold knockout drum and fractionating column converges rear and generating set fuel gas inlet by lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline
It is connected；The lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline also respectively the gasifying agent import with the gasification furnace, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device synthesis gas into
Mouth is connected.
Preferably, also integrated in the vehicle platform to be disposed with wax oil processing unit, the wax oil processing unit includes using
In the wax knockout drum for separating waxy stone in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic, for cracking the tank that is hydrocracked for the waxy stone isolated, and to add
Hydrogen cracking process provides the PSA hydrogen making machines of hydrogen；The oil gas of the oil and gas import and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device of the wax knockout drum goes out
Mouth is connected, and the dewaxing oil gas vent of the wax knockout drum is connected with the oil and gas import of hot knock-out pot, the waxy stone of the wax knockout drum
The waxy stone import with being hydrocracked tank is exported to be connected；The lighter hydrocarbons inlet exhaust gas of the PSA hydrogen making machines is connected to the lighter hydrocarbons tail gas
On pipeline, the hydrogen outlet of the PSA hydrogen making machines is connected with being hydrocracked the hydrogen inlet of tank；The cracking for being hydrocracked tank
Product exit is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of the fractionating column.
Preferably, the gasification furnace feed arrangement includes lock hopper and screw conveyor, the biomass outlet of the lock hopper with
The biomass inlet of gasification furnace is connected, and the biomass inlet of the lock hopper is connected with the biomass outlet of screw conveyor.
Preferably, also integrated in the vehicle platform to be disposed with biomass pretreatment unit, the biomass pretreatment is single
Member includes crusher, drying machine and the forming machine being sequentially connected, the biomass outlet of the forming machine and the screw conveyor
Biomass inlet be connected.
Preferably, the purification pot uses composite highly effective integrated tank, in it along airflow direction be disposed with deoxidation oxidant layer,
Dechlorination oxidant layer and desulfurization oxidant layer.
The selection ground of equipment component is illustrated below：
1. PSA oxygenerators
Maximization business factory uses air separation unit, and to obtain substantial amounts of oxygen, air separation unit is bulky, complex process,
To pass through the processes such as compression, purification, refrigeration and the cryogenic rectification of air and realize producing for oxygen, not be suitable for MBTL；Oxygen system
Take and preferably use PSA oxygenerators, less volume meets the supply requirement of small evaporator stove oxygen, suitable for MBTL.
For the same reason, device for producing hydrogen selection PSA hydrogen making machines.
2. devoke tank
Maximize business factory uses wet sprinkling, it is necessary to substantial amounts of water, the tar content phase in biomass gasified synthesis gas
To higher, wet sprinkling removing tar is difficult to reach requirement, is not suitable for MBTL；MBTL is devoked using dry method, the body of reactor
Product greatly reduces, and can be suitable for MBTL.
3. heat exchanger
Maximization business factory realizes the cooling of synthesis gas, it is necessary to substantial amounts of water using water Quench；The preferred conduction oils of MBTL
For heat transferring medium, less oil dosage can meet heat transfer requirements through recycling.
4. purification pot
Maximize business factory generally use solution absorption method, as low-temperature methanol wash it is miscellaneous to remove the gas in crude synthesis gas
Matter, it is necessary to solution usage it is big, complex process, equipment volume is huge；Purification pot removes gaseous impurity using physical adsorption process,
It is preferred that composite highly effective one purification pot is used, by the way that different scavenger layerings is seated in the identical purification pot of working condition
In, it is possible to achieve the efficient removal of crude synthesis gas impurity, purification pot is small, easy to operate, suitable for MBTL.
5. synthesis reactor
Maximization business factory uses paste state bed reactor or calandria type fixed bed reactor, reactor it is bulky,
The reactor volume of the SMDS techniques of Shell companies is Φ 7m × 20m, and corresponding production capacity is 5800bpd；Synthesis reactor is preferably
Micro passage reaction or the calandria type fixed bed reactor for enhancing mass-and heat-transfer, by the change of reactor configuration, strengthen passing
Heat and mass transfer, on the premise of yield is ensured, reduce reactor volume, suitable for MBTL.
6. hydrocracking reactor
The business that maximizes factory product type is more, and the requirement to product is high, and the complex process of oil product processing, including hydrogenation are split
Change, hydrofinishing, heat of cracking high score, the cold high score of cracking, refined hot high score, refined cold high score and stripping, air-distillation, decompression
The processes such as distillation；Hydrocracking reactor can be hydrocracked to obtain simple product (crude naphtha+thick bavin by one step of wax oil
Oil), technological process is enormously simplify, meets the requirement of MBTL.
The utility model is directed to the vast rural hinterland biomass resource trans-utilization, by the way that biomass is pre-processed
(optional), gasification, purified synthesis gas conversion, F- T synthesis etc. are integrated into onboard system, MBTL systems are formed, to realize to small
The processing and utilization of collect range biomass resource, while meet the use demand of local synthesis oil product.Relative to scale
Be commercially synthesized oily factory, mobile model synthesis oil system is laid out on the scenely, goods and materials availability and the economical efficiency of scale etc. it is opposite by
Limit, many aspects such as MBTL slave devices type selecting, technological parameter and the route, flow link are innovated and optimization design, with full
Sufficient mobility and cost-effectiveness requirement.
The method that biomass artificial oil is carried out using the system comprises the following steps：
1) biomass material of particle diameter, water satisfied feed needs is sent into gasification furnace, with the air as gasifying agent
And/or oxygen carries out gasification reaction, obtained crude synthesis gas removes tar removing in tank is devoked, then is cooled down, be obtained by filtration just
Walk decontaminating syngas.
2) preliminary purification synthesis gas is sent into conversion tank, transformationreation is carried out under the catalysis of water gas converting catalyst
To improve H2/ CO ratios；It is re-fed into purification pot and removes harmful gaseous impurities, is purified conversion synthesis gas.
3) purification conversion synthesis gas is sent into Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device, Fischer-Tropsch conjunction is carried out under the catalysis of fischer-tropsch catalysts
Into reaction, reaction product is isolated to gas-oil, crude naphtha and lighter hydrocarbons tail gas.
In step 1), be loaded with catalytic pyrolysis in the decoking tank and remove char catalyst, optional nickel-base catalyst, charcoal,
One or more in dolomite, the tar in crude synthesis gas is small molecule gaseous material by catalytic pyrolysis in tank is devoked.
In step 2), the purification pot is filled with the composite highly effective one of deoxidier, antichlor and desulfurizing agent using layering
Tank.The removing order of pernicious gas is oxygen, chlorine, sulphur.The deoxidier is that (3093 is de- using activated carbon as the Cu-series catalyst of carrier
Oxygen agent)；The antichlor is catalyst using alkali or alkaline earth metal as active ingredient, or the transition being easily combined with chlorine
Metal (such as Cu, Zn, Ca, Fe, Mn) is the catalyst of active ingredient；The desulfurizing agent is zinc oxide scavenger.Synthesis gas contains
Oxygen amount must be strictly controlled in below 5ppm, to meet the fuel requirements of fischer-tropsch reaction process.Too high oxygen level can not only cause
Problem for security, can also cause subsequent catalyst inactivation poisoning, and chlorine not only poisons catalyst surface, also penetrates into catalyst
Internal layer, in the sweetening process of synthesis gas, chlorine can react to form zinc chloride with desulfurizing agent zinc oxide, and zinc chloride fusing point is relatively low,
Desulfurizing agent is sintered and is blocked desulfurizing agent duct using process, directly affect desulfurization effect.In addition, chlorine corrosion pipeline and setting
It is standby, seriously affect the normal operation of process units.Sulfur-containing compound is that very big foreign gas is endangered in synthesis gas, easily and Fischer-Tropsch
Active metal in synthetic catalyst reacts to form the metal sulfide of no catalytic activity, causes catalyst poisoning to be lost
It is living.
In step 3), Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device is the calandria type fixed bed reaction of micro passage reaction or heat and mass transfer enhancement
Device；Wherein, calandria type fixed bed reactor is preferably using the tubulation of inner member (such as inner fin) heat and mass transfer enhancement in tube side
Formula fixed bed reactors.Micro passage reaction has huge advantage in terms of heat and mass transfer enhancement, for strongly exothermic F- T synthesis
Reaction, it is possible to achieve the accurate control to temperature in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, so as to further improve conversion ratio and the production of reactant
The selectivity of thing, is greatly enhanced reaction rate, has both overcome fixed bed reactors poor heat transfer, cannot use small grain size catalyst
Shortcoming, also solves the problems, such as that paste state bed reactor resistance of liquid mass transfer and catalyst are separated with product.And it is provided with tube side
The calandria type fixed bed reactor of inner member, by the heat transfer contact of increased reaction channel and tube wall point, enhances passage
Heat-transfer capability, shell and tube reactor also have the advantages that processing and manufacturing is simple, Catalyst packing is easy, easy to operate.Using interior
Component heat and mass transfer enhancement so that reactor can suitably increase the internal diameter of reacting pipe, and shorten the length of reactor.More than
Two kinds of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis devices ensure that under certain production intensity, reduces the size of reactor, realizes the small-sized of reactor
Change, therefore be more suitable for integrated be arranged on vehicle.
Compared with prior art, the advantage for the MBTL systems that the utility model is initiated is：
1) facility compact is efficient.In the type selecting of equipment, as PSA oxygenerators, decoking tank, heat exchanger, purification pot, synthesis are anti-
Device etc. is answered, the volume of equipment is reduced while production scale is ensured, makes MBTL processes more efficient.
2) it is environmental-friendly.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas is used to generate electricity or part circulation participates in gasification or synthetic reaction, reduces gas
The discharge of pollutant；Caused synthetic wastewater is stored in waste water tank and is uniformly processed；Caused gasified waste residue, collects and is used for soil
Earth applies fertilizer.
3) energy-autarchic can be realized.Car engine is needed to energize when starting except system, system stable operation stage energy
Enough realize self supply of energy.
4) flexible, strong applicability.The utility model can handle different types of biomass, as mounting platform
Vehicle can travel on the highway in remote countryside area, can realize that self is energized in system operation, so as to very
The development and utilization of the good biomass resource for being applicable in remote countryside area.
5) economy is strong.The biomass material cost in remote countryside area is low, and required synthesis oil product is limited to hand over
Logical environment, transport difficult and price is high.The utility model, which realizes, gathers materials on the spot, and is produced in situ in, market goods locally, has stronger
Economy, and meet national policy and social orientation.
6) replicability is strong.Device involved by the utility model all uses modularized design, and easy to produce, installation can
Quick copy, has broad application prospects.
7) investment risk is small.The utility model investment is small, and the construction period is short, and operating cost is low, substantially reduces investment wind
Danger.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram that vehicle-mounted biomass system provided by the utility model synthesizes oil system, pre- in figure
Processing unit and wax oil processing unit are optional part.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the process flow chart that vehicle-mounted biomass system provided by the utility model synthesizes oil system, wherein, figure
2 include wax oil processing unit, and waxy oil work sheet is not first by Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is that the device of embodiment 1 arranges 3 dimensional drawing, and the connection between device is rationally set according to process flow chart.
Fig. 5 is that the device of embodiment 4 arranges 3 dimensional drawing, and the connection between device is rationally set according to process flow chart.
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of purification pot in Fig. 2.
Wherein：Headstock 100, pretreatment unit 101, biomass material gasification unit 102, purified synthesis gas converter unit
103rd, F- T synthesis unit 104, wax oil processing unit 105, container 106, crusher 1, drying machine 2, forming machine 3, spiral transferring
Send machine 4, lock hopper 5, gasification furnace 6, PSA oxygenerators 7, decoking tank 8, heat exchanger 9, filter 10, gas tank 11, compressor 12, change
Change tank 13, purification pot 14, deoxidation oxidant layer 14.1, dechlorination oxidant layer 14.2, desulfurization oxidant layer 14.3, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15, heat point
Split from tank 16, cold knockout drum 17, fractionating column 18, waste water tank 19, crude naphtha tank 20, gas-oil tank 21, wax knockout drum 22, hydrogenation
Change tank 23, PSA hydrogen making machines 24
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system provided by the utility model, flat as installation by vehicle
Platform and means of transport.The vehicle includes the headstock 100 with generator and engine, has the vehicle frame of loading effect, Yi Jizhi
Few section container 106.Integrated in container 106 and be disposed with pretreatment unit 101, biomass material gasification unit 102, synthesis
Gas purification converter unit 103, F- T synthesis unit 104, optional wax oil processing unit 105 and optional generating set.Such as
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 show the process flow chart of the MBTL systems, wherein, Fig. 2 includes wax oil processing unit, and Fig. 3 does not add including wax oil
Work order member, dotted line frame represent device or the equipment selected in embodiment.
Shape, weight and the transport of haulage vehicle all meet the relevant regulations of the laws and regulations of national road transport.Headstock
Generator in 100 can be that electric energy is supplied in the startup of MBTL systems.Container 106 use 40 ruler high cube containers, size for 11.8m ×
2.13m × 2.72m, with goods gross weight 22t, volume 68m3.Before device production run, three sidecar door of container can be opened easy to behaviour
Make.The floor space of MBTL systems is 12~100m2, when delivery is highly 1~3m, and passes through a load wagon or more loadings
Car is transported.During using more load wagons, the production run of system is realized by splicing.
Biomass material gasification unit 102 includes the gasification furnace 6 for gasification of biomass, is given birth to for being inputted to gasification furnace 6
The gasification furnace feed arrangement of raw material of substance, the PSA oxygenerators 7 for the offer gasifying agent of gasification furnace 6, gasify the thick of generation for removing
The decoking tank 8 of tar in synthesis gas, for exchange heat cooling heat exchanger 9 (heat transferring medium is used as using conduction oil), for filtering
The filter 10 of solid particulate matter, and for caching the gas tank 11 of preliminary purification synthesis gas.The gasifying agent import of gasification furnace 6
It is connected with the gasification agent outlets of PSA oxygenerators 7, synthesis gas import of the syngas outlet of gasification furnace 6 with devoking tank 8 is connected, and removes
The syngas outlet of burnt tank 8 is connected with the synthesis gas import of heat exchanger 9, the syngas outlet of heat exchanger 9 and the conjunction of filter 10
It is connected into gas import, the syngas outlet of filter 10 is connected with the synthesis gas import of gas tank 11.Gasification furnace feed arrangement bag
Lock hopper 5 and screw conveyor 4 are included, the biomass outlet of lock hopper 5 is connected with the biomass inlet of gasification furnace 6, the biomass of lock hopper 5
Import is connected with the biomass outlet of screw conveyor 4.
Purified synthesis gas converter unit 103 includes being used to improve synthesizing the compressor 12 of atmospheric pressure, for improving H2/ CO ratios
Conversion tank 13 and purification pot 14 for removing objectionable impurities.The synthesis gas import of compressor 12 and the synthesis gas of gas tank 11
Outlet is connected.Synthesis gas import of the syngas outlet of compressor 12 with converting tank 13 is connected, and converts the syngas outlet of tank 13
It is connected with the synthesis gas import of purification pot 14.
F- T synthesis unit 104 includes Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15, cooling point is carried out to Fischer-Tropsch synthetic for priority
From hot knock-out pot 16 and cold knockout drum 17, the fractionating column that is fractionated of the thick synthesis oil mixture for being obtained to refrigerated separation
18, and crude naphtha tank 20 and gas-oil tank 21 for oil product after storage separation.The synthesis gas of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15
Import is connected with the syngas outlet of purification pot 14, the oil gas vent of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 and the oil gas of hot knock-out pot 16 into
Mouth is connected.The gaseous phase outlet of hot knock-out pot 16 is connected with the gas phase import of cold knockout drum 17, the outlet of the heavy oil of hot knock-out pot 16 and
The light oil outlet of cold knockout drum 17 is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of fractionating column 18 respectively.The naphtha of fractionating column 18 distillate mouth with
Crude naphtha tank 20 is connected, and the diesel oil outlet of fractionating column 18 is connected with gas-oil tank 21.
It is to devoke tank using the dry method of catalytic pyrolysis decoking to devoke tank 8.Heat exchanger 9 be using conduction oil between heat transferring medium
Connect formula heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 6, purification pot 14 uses composite highly effective integrated tank, deoxidation oxidant layer is disposed with along airflow direction in it
14.1st, dechlorination oxidant layer 14.2 and desulfurization oxidant layer 14.3.Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 is micro passage reaction, or augmentation of heat transfer passes
The calandria type fixed bed reactor of matter.
Biomass pretreatment unit 101 includes crusher 1, drying machine 2 and the forming machine 3 being sequentially connected, the life of forming machine 3
Material outlet is connected with the biomass inlet of screw conveyor 4.If biomass material meets feed needs in itself, can be not provided with
Biomass pretreatment unit 101.
The lighter hydrocarbons offgas outlet of cold knockout drum 17 and fractionating column 18 by lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline converge afterwards with generating set
Fuel gas inlet is connected.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline also the gasifying agent import with gasification furnace 6, the synthesis gas of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 respectively
Import is connected.
Wax oil processing unit 105 includes being used for the wax knockout drum 22 for separating waxy stone in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic, divides for cracking
The waxy stone separated out is hydrocracked tank 23, and the PSA hydrogen making machines 24 of circulating hydrogen are provided for hydrocracking process.Wax knockout drum
22 are arranged between the oil gas vent of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 and the oil and gas import of hot knock-out pot 16, the waxy stone of wax knockout drum 22
The waxy stone import with being hydrocracked tank 23 is exported to be connected.The lighter hydrocarbons inlet exhaust gas of PSA hydrogen making machines 24 is connected to lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline
On, the hydrogen outlet of PSA hydrogen making machines 24 is connected with being hydrocracked the hydrogen inlet of tank 23.The pyrolysis product for being hydrocracked tank 23 goes out
Mouth is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of fractionating column.If F- T synthesis, can using the bifunctional catalyst for having cracking concurrently
It is not provided with wax oil processing unit 105.
The production technology of the MBTL systems is described in detail below.
The biomass material being collected into initially enters biomass pretreatment unit 101.In biomass pretreatment unit 101
In, it is 0~5cm that biomass material is crushed to particle diameter by crusher 1；To be dried again through drying machine 2, moisture reaches 0~
25wt%；Finally pass through 3 extrusion forming of forming machine so that the particle diameter of biomass reaches 0~5cm.The biomass pretreatment unit
Disposal ability be 5~150tpd (ton day) biomass.After the pretreatment of biomass pretreatment unit 101, biomass is former
Material can reach the feed needs of biomass material gasification unit 102.
The preprocessed obtained biological particles of biomass material enter lock hopper 5,5 pressure of lock hopper by screw conveyor 4
0.2~3MPa can be reached, then enter back into gasification furnace 6.Gasification furnace 6 is horizontal type fixed bed gasification furnace or vertical fixed-bed gasification
Stove, operation temperature are 800~1300 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.08~3MPa.Gasifying agent is air, oxygen-enriched or oxygen, works as selection
Oxygen or it is oxygen-enriched when, use PSA oxygenerators 7 to provide oxygen for gasification furnace.The crude synthesis gas come out from gasification furnace, through devoking tank 8
Remove potential tar, 750~900 DEG C of catalysis decoking temperature, catalysis decoking efficiency 90~99%；Cool down and (risen through heat exchanger 9 again
Conduction oil after temperature send to outdoor air cooling device or water cooling plant and is cooled down), temperature is down to 200~400 DEG C, by filter
10 remove solid impurity, and tar content is in 0~5mg/Nm3, particle content is in 0~5mg/Nm3.The preliminary purification synthesis of gained
Gas, which enters in gas tank 11, is kept in.The intensity of gasification of gasification furnace 6 is 300~1000kg/m2/ h, disposal ability for 5~
150tpd biomass, gas deliverability are 3000~90000Nm3/d.Using 800~1300 DEG C higher of temperature, higher pressure
0.08~3MPa, can control the intensity of gasification in 300~1000kg/m2/ h, and during this intensity of gasification scope, gasification furnace
The mounting arrangements in vehicle space are sized to, and within the said temperature range, can effectively reduce tar content, meet at the same time
The temperature requirements of follow-up catalytic cracking of tar.
Preliminary purification synthesis gas from biomass material gasification unit 102 out enters purified synthesis gas converter unit
103.The disposal ability of purified synthesis gas converter unit is 3000~90000Nm3/ d, can be by H in synthesis gas2/ CO volume ratios are lifted
For 1.5~2.2, and sulfur content and chlorinty are down to 0~0.1ppm, and oxygen content is down to 0~5ppm.
The boost in pressure of preliminary purification synthesis gas to 1~3MPa is entered back into conversion tank 13 by compressor 12.Conversion tank 13 is adopted
With a kind of cobalt-molybdenum type water gas converting catalyst, operation temperature is 200~400 DEG C, and operating pressure is 1~3MPa, can be incited somebody to action
H2/ CO volume ratios are promoted to 1.5~2.2.Synthesis gas after conversion enters purification pot 14, and operation temperature is 200~400 DEG C, behaviour
It is 1~3MPa to make pressure.Purification pot 14 uses composite highly effective one purification pot, by loading different removings in different tank layers
Agent, including desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, antichlor etc., removing order is oxygen, chlorine, sulphur, can contain the sulfur content in synthesis gas and chlorine
Amount is all down to 0~0.1ppm, and oxygen content is down to 0~5ppm；Deoxidier is the Cu-series catalyst using activated carbon as carrier；Antichlor
For the catalyst using alkali or alkaline earth metal as active ingredient, or easily with the transition metal that chlorine is combined be active ingredient
Catalyst；Desulfurizing agent is zinc oxide scavenger.Several scavengers can work under the same operating conditions, reach removing effect
Fruit.
Purification conversion synthesis gas from purification converter unit 103 out enters F- T synthesis unit 104.F- T synthesis is anti-
The operation temperature for answering device 15 is 200~350 DEG C, and operating pressure is 1~3MPa.The coefficient of heat transfer control of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device exists
0.5~0.8W/cm2/ K, the heat that Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be produced in the coefficient of heat transfer scope, synthesis reactor and time shift
Remove, on the one hand reduce the temperature of catalyst bed hot spot, add catalyst service life, on the other hand so that reactor and
The overall coordination efficiency of catalyst improves, production capacity enhancing, so as to preferably meet the needs of onboard production.
Fischer-tropsch catalysts are using conventional cobalt-based or ferrum-based catalyst, or the bifunctional catalyst with cracking.
Cobalt-base catalyst is common fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst, which has higher fischer-tropsch activity and carbochain growing ability, production
Oxygenatedchemicals is seldom in thing, methane selectively when stablizing during the reaction, be not easy carbon distribution and poisoning, but reacting at high temperature
It is significantly raised, therefore be only operable under cryogenic conditions, it is insensitive to water gas shift reaction, it is desirable to the close metering ratio of unstripped gas
(H2/ CO=2).Ferrum-based catalyst is also common fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst, and the adaptability of its reaction condition is stronger, by adjusting
Auxiliary component or reaction temperature, ferrum-based catalyst synthesizing low-carbon alkene, heavy hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing organic can close with high selectivity
Thing etc..Ferrum-based catalyst is higher to water gas shift reaction activity, can be in relatively low H2Fischer-tropsch reaction is carried out under/CO.It is described simultaneous
The bifunctional catalyst for having cracking is to be combined the molecular sieve of molecular sieve or carried noble metal with fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst
Catalyst.Have concurrently and the reaction of two classes is substantially carried out on the bifunctional catalyst of cracking, one kind is to generate the biography of hydrocarbon products
System Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, another kind of is that the hydrocarbon product of F- T synthesis generation is carried out hydrocracking under acid catalysis, is added
Hydrogen isomerization etc. is reacted.According to the difference of combination, bifunctional catalyst mainly has three kinds：When physical mixed catalyst,
I.e. by the solid acid catalyst of fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst and solid acid or carried noble metal mechanical mixture by a certain percentage；Second, core
Shell structure catalyst, is the active component surface deposition solid sorrel in fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst；Third, loaded catalyst, will
The active component of fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst is directly loaded on solid acid.In view of type spy is selected in excellent acid catalysis function and space
Point, molecular sieve become the excellent carrier of one-step method from syngas preparing liquid fuel catalyst.
If fischer-tropsch catalysts use bifunctional catalyst, the product of F- T synthesis comes out from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15
(such as Fig. 3) afterwards, is directly entered hot knock-out pot 16, respectively obtains heavy oil (predominantly diesel component), waste water and light hydrocarbon component.Heat point
Operation temperature from tank 16 is 120~180 DEG C, and operating pressure is 1~3MPa.Waste water enters waste water tank from 16 bottom of hot knock-out pot
19, heavy oil enters fractionating column 18 from side line, and light hydrocarbon component enters cold knockout drum 17.The operation temperature of cold knockout drum 17 is 20~40
DEG C, operating pressure is 0.2~3MPa.The bottom of cold knockout drum goes out waste water and enters waste water tank 19, and side line goes out light oil (predominantly stone brain
Oil ingredient) enter fractionating column 18, top goes out lighter hydrocarbons tail gas.Crude naphtha and gas-oil can be respectively obtained by being fractionated into tower 18, point
Jin Ru not crude naphtha tank 20 and gas-oil tank 21.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas at least a portion sends to generating set power generation, is supplied for system
Can, remainder is recycled back to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 and continues to participate in synthetic reaction, or is recycled back to gasification furnace 6 and continues to participate in gas
Change reaction.The gasified waste residue that F- T synthesis produces, collection are used for soil application.
If fischer-tropsch catalysts use cobalt-based or ferrum-based catalyst, contain waxy stone in the product of F- T synthesis, wax need to be entered
Oil processing unit 105 carries out wax oil processing (such as Fig. 2), is specially：First through wax knockout drum 22, waxy stone and other hydrocarbon groups are isolated
Point, other the hydrocarbon components enter thermal release tower 16.Waxy stone, which enters to be hydrocracked in tank 23, occurs hydrocracking reaction, and long chain hydrocarbons are split
Short hydrocarbon is turned to, obtained product enters back into fractionating column 18.The operation temperature for being hydrocracked tower is 300~400 DEG C, operating pressure
For 6~10MPa, hydrogen-oil ratio is 800~1500, and volume space velocity is 0.5~2.0h-1.Circulating hydrogen is provided by PSA hydrogen making machines 24.
Wherein the raw material of hydrogen making machine can derive from the crude synthesis gas of gas tank 11.
The biomass material treating capacity of the MBTL systems is 5~150tpd (ton day), and raw material is with stalk, brush wood, side
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material based on material, sawdust etc., biomass molding fuel, treated excrement of animals, and sorted life
One or more in rubbish.The production capacity of artificial oil is 5~100bpd (bucket/day), and product is crude naphtha and gas-oil.Rubble
The yield of cerebrol is 15%~30% (mass fraction), and the yield of gas-oil is 30%~75% (mass fraction), the receipts of tail gas
Rate is 5%~30% (mass fraction), and the yield of product refers to mass fraction of each product in output aggregate here.
Above is referred to unit device can be not limited to biomass system synthesis oil tech, also individually or it can be coordinated
Its process application：1) pretreatment unit individually vehicle-mounted can be used for biomass break process；2) biomass material gasification unit can
With the gasification applied to synthesis gas other application；3) the purified synthesis gas converter unit described in can be applied to other gas
Body purification process；4) F- T synthesis unit can be applied to using natural gas, torch gas, casing-head gas, periodic off-gases as raw material Fischer-Tropsch
Building-up process, and synthesis reactor may be used as efficient heat exchanger in the case of no loading catalyst；5) wax oil is processed
Unit can also be used for it is other be hydrocracked, unifining process.
Several embodiments are provided below for different application scale.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment is using stalk as biomass material, treating capacity 12tpd, and production capacity is 10bpd artificial oils.All devices cloth
Put and be installed in a section container, Fig. 4 is shown in arrangement installation.Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 uses micro passage reaction, F- T synthesis
Catalyst uses the bifunctional catalyst with cracking, the not content of wax in the oil product of F- T synthesis, therefore does not use wax oil to process
Unit 105.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas is completely used for power generation and is energized for system.Specific process parameter refers to table 1.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment is using sapwood as biomass material, treating capacity 18tpd, and production capacity is 30bpd artificial oils.F- T synthesis is anti-
Device 15 is answered to use micro passage reaction, fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst uses the bifunctional catalyst with cracking, F- T synthesis
Oil product in the not content of wax, therefore do not use wax oil to process unit 105.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas is completely used for power generation and is energized for system.Specific work
Skill parameter refers to table 1.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment is using straw briquette fuel as biomass material, treating capacity 45tpd, production capacity 50bpd.F- T synthesis
Reactor 15 uses calandria type fixed bed reactor, and catalyst uses ferrum-based catalyst, and the oil product of F- T synthesis contains wax oil, therefore
Wax oil processing unit 105 need to be used.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas half is recycled back to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device, the other half is used to generate electricity supplies for system
Energy.Specific process parameter refers to table 1.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment is with chicken manure and sapwood mixture (mass ratio 1：1) it is biomass material, treating capacity 63tpd, production capacity
For 70bpd artificial oils.All devices arrangement is installed in three section containers, and Fig. 5 is shown in arrangement installation.Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 is adopted
With micro passage reaction, fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst uses cobalt-base catalyst, and the oil product of F- T synthesis contains wax oil, therefore need to use wax
Oil processing unit 105.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas half is recycled back to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device, the other half is used to generate electricity energizes for system.Specifically
Technological parameter refers to table 1.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment is with house refuse and sapwood mixture (1：1) it is biomass material, treating capacity 108tpd, production capacity is
90bpd artificial oils.Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device 15 uses micro passage reaction, and catalyst uses the cobalt-based catalyst with cracking
Agent, the not content of wax in the oil product of F- T synthesis, therefore do not use wax oil to process unit 105.Lighter hydrocarbons tail gas a quarter is recycled back to synthesis
Reactor 15, a quarter are recycled back to gasification furnace 6, and remaining half is used to generate electricity to be energized for system.Specific process parameter is detailed
It is shown in Table 1.
Each embodiment technological parameter of table 1
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system, is moved by vehicle platform and carries out production activity on it, its
It is characterized in that：In the vehicle platform integrate be disposed with the biomass material gasification unit (102) for gasified bio-matter raw material,
The purified synthesis gas converter unit (103) for being purified and being converted for the synthesis gas for obtaining gasification, and for that will purify
Synthesis gas after conversion carries out the F- T synthesis unit (104) of F- T synthesis；The conjunction of the biomass material gasification unit (102)
Export into gas and be connected with the synthesis gas import of purified synthesis gas converter unit (103), the purified synthesis gas converter unit (103)
Syngas outlet be connected with the synthesis gas import of F- T synthesis unit (104).
2. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biomass material gasification
Unit (102) includes gasification furnace (6), the gasification furnace feed arrangement for inputting biomass material to gasification furnace (6), is gasification furnace
(6) the PSA oxygenerators (7) of gasifying agent are provided, and the decoking tank of the tar in the crude synthesis gas generated for removing gasification
(8)；The biomass inlet of the gasification furnace (6) is connected with gasification furnace feed arrangement, the gasifying agent import of the gasification furnace (6) with
PSA oxygenerators (7) are connected, and the syngas outlet of the gasification furnace (6) is connected with the synthesis gas import of decoking tank (8)；
The purified synthesis gas converter unit (103) includes being used to improve H2/ CO than conversion tank (13) and harmful miscellaneous for removing
The purification pot (14) of matter, the synthesis gas import of the conversion tank (13) are connected with the syngas outlet of decoking tank (8), the conversion
The syngas outlet of tank (13) is connected with the synthesis gas import of purification pot (14)；
The F- T synthesis unit (104) includes Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15), for carrying out oil gas point to Fischer-Tropsch synthetic
From and crude oil fractionation product separator；The synthesis gas import of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15) and the conjunction of purification pot (14)
It is connected into gas outlet, the oil gas vent of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15) is connected with the oil and gas import of product separator.
3. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The biomass material gasification
Unit (102) further includes heat exchanger (9), the filter (10) for filtering solid particles thing for the cooling that exchanges heat, Yi Jiyong
In the gas tank (11) of caching preliminary purification synthesis gas；The synthesis gas import of the heat exchanger (9) and the conjunction of the decoking tank (8)
It is connected into gas outlet, the syngas outlet of the heat exchanger (9) is connected with the synthesis gas import of filter (10), the filter
(10) syngas outlet is connected with gas tank (11) synthesis gas import, syngas outlet and the change of the gas tank (11)
The synthesis gas import for changing tank (13) is connected.
4. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The purified synthesis gas conversion
Unit (103) further includes the compressor (12) for improving synthesis atmospheric pressure；The synthesis gas import of the compressor (12) and storage
The syngas outlet of gas tank (11) is connected；The syngas outlet of the compressor (12) and the synthesis gas import phase of conversion tank (13)
Even.
5. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The product separator bag
Include the hot knock-out pot (16) for carrying out refrigerated separation to Fischer-Tropsch synthetic for priority and cold knockout drum (17), for cooling point
The fractionating column (18) being fractionated from obtained thick synthesis oil mixture, and the crude naphtha tank for oil product after storage separation
(20) with gas-oil tank (21)；The oil gas vent and the oil and gas import phase of hot knock-out pot (16) of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15)
Even；The gaseous phase outlet of the hot knock-out pot (16) is connected with the gas phase import of cold knockout drum (17), the hot knock-out pot (16) and
The thick synthesis oil export of cold knockout drum (17) is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of fractionating column (18) respectively；The fractionating column (18)
Naphtha distillates mouth and is connected with crude naphtha tank (20), and the diesel oil outlet of the fractionating column (18) is connected with gas-oil tank (21).
6. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Also collect in the vehicle platform
Into the lighter hydrocarbons tail gas for being disposed with the generating set that generates electricity using lighter hydrocarbons tail gas, the cold knockout drum (17) and fractionating column (18)
The rear fuel gas inlet with the generating set is converged by lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline and is connected in outlet；The lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline is also distinguished
Gasifying agent import, the synthesis gas import of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15) with the gasification furnace (6) are connected.
7. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Also collect in the vehicle platform
Into wax oil processing unit (105) is disposed with, the wax oil processing unit (105) includes being used to separate waxy stone in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic
Wax knockout drum (22), be hydrocracked tank (23) for cracking the waxy stone isolated, and for hydrocracking process provide hydrogen
The PSA hydrogen making machines (24) of gas；The oil gas vent phase of the oil and gas import and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device (15) of the wax knockout drum (22)
Even, the dewaxing oil gas vent of the wax knockout drum (22) is connected with the oil and gas import of hot knock-out pot (16), the wax knockout drum
(22) the waxy stone import that waxy stone exports with being hydrocracked tank (23) is connected；The lighter hydrocarbons inlet exhaust gas of the PSA hydrogen making machines (24)
Be connected on the lighter hydrocarbons tail gas pipeline, the hydrogen outlet of the PSA hydrogen making machines (24) and be hydrocracked the hydrogen of tank (23) into
Mouth is connected；The pyrolysis product outlet for being hydrocracked tank (23) is connected with the thick synthesis oil inlet of the fractionating column (18).
8. the vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to any one of claim 2~5, it is characterised in that：The gas
Changing stove feed arrangement includes lock hopper (5) and screw conveyor (4), the biomass outlet of the lock hopper (5) and the life of gasification furnace (6)
Matter inlet is connected, and the biomass inlet of the lock hopper (5) is connected with the biomass outlet of screw conveyor (4).
9. vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Also collect in the vehicle platform
Into biomass pretreatment unit (101) is disposed with, the biomass pretreatment unit (101) includes the crusher being sequentially connected
(1), drying machine (2) and forming machine (3), the biomass outlet of the forming machine (3) and the biomass of the screw conveyor (4)
Import is connected.
10. the vehicle-mounted biomass system synthesis oil system according to any one of claim 2~5, it is characterised in that：It is described net
Change tank (14) and use composite highly effective integrated tank, it is interior to be disposed with deoxidation oxidant layer (14.1), dechlorination oxidant layer along airflow direction
(14.2) and desulfurization oxidant layer (14.3).
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| WO2019029599A1 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-14 | 武汉丰盈长江生态科技研究总院有限公司 | Mobile platform-based micro biomass synthetic oil method and system |
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