CN207163948U - A kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate - Google Patents
A kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN207163948U CN207163948U CN201720981886.1U CN201720981886U CN207163948U CN 207163948 U CN207163948 U CN 207163948U CN 201720981886 U CN201720981886 U CN 201720981886U CN 207163948 U CN207163948 U CN 207163948U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate, including heating furnace, heating furnace bottom is equipped with heater, heating furnace center is provided with cylindrical coal sample tank, the coal sample height h/ bottom surface radius R of the cylindrical coal sample tank are more than 6, thermocouple is inserted in heating furnace and in cylindrical coal sample tank, cylindrical coal sample pot bottom is connected with air inlet pipe, air inlet pipe is connected by mass air flow sensor with external air compressor, heater is connected with computer, line program computer heating control is entered by computer, thermocouple is connected with computer, thermocouple gathered data is stored by computer.The utility model carries out heated oxide using a kind of specific mode of device design to coal, and temperature-rise period is measured；Then theory analysis is carried out to the ad hoc fashion, derives the expression formula of oxidation of coal heat liberation rate, heat release rate；Finally the size of low-temperature oxidation of coal heat liberation rate, heat release rate is calculated using the data can of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to coal heat generation rate field of measuring technique, and in particular to one kind measurement low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate
Device.
Background technology
Coal is a kind of important fuel and industrial chemicals, and 70% or so is accounted in the consumption of China's primary energy.Coal is being opened
Adopt, stack the phenomenon that there can be spontaneous fire during storage, transport etc., serious social danger and environmental pollution can be caused.
The reason for spontaneous combustionof coal is that coal can react with oxygen and release heat at each temperature.Especially, at low temperature, coal is just
Can with the oxygen reaction in air accumulated heat so that temperature constantly raises.If the heat dissipation capacity of coal is more than quantity of heat production, then no
Spontaneous combustion can be formed；If instead the heat dissipation capacity of coal is less than quantity of heat production, then coal temperature can constantly raise and form spontaneous combustion.Coal
Char combustion heat release is the internal cause that spontaneous combustion occurs, and therefore, the power of spontaneous combustionof coal depends primarily on the coal sample and aoxidized at low temperature
The size of heat generation rate.
China is under unified central planning and emphasis colliery in, the dangerous mine of spontaneous fire be present and account for the 46~49% of total numeber of mines, from
Right ignition coal seam accounts for the 60% of accumulative minable coal seam number, therefore it is an important process in coal production to prevent and treat coal spontaneous combustion.Ore deposit
Spontaneous combustionof coal in well has following feature：(1) factor that coal spontaneous combustion is related to is a lot, including coal itself oxidation from
Combustion property, lose coal thickness, granularity, moisture content, porosity, gas permeability, and condition of leaking out, oxygen concentration etc.；(2) coal spontaneous combustion
Incubation period is very long, can reach some months even several years；(3) it is difficult to judge whether that spontaneous combustion can occur in incubation period.
Based on above feature, to meet that actual coal spontaneous combustion prevents and treats needs, the detection method of coal spontaneous combustion should be provided simultaneously with
The characteristics of index is directly perceived, result is effective, data are accurate, test is quick etc..The standard detecting method in China is GBT at present
20104-2006《Coal ignitability's chromatograph with oxygen adsorption identification method》, the national standard method has that index is directly perceived, data are accurate, test is fast
The characteristics of fast, but generally believe that this method can preferably be used to refer in industry, it is as a result then not accurate enough and effective, also have big
The document of amount has carried out analysis to this and discussed.
In theory, adiabatic oxygenation temperature-raising method is considered as preferable method.This method is similar with the utility model method
Ground considers the property of oxidation heat of coal.This method has the characteristics of index is directly perceived, result is effective, but is gone back at present in application
The accuracy of measurement data, and the rapidity of testing time can not be ensured.The core condition of this method is " thermal insulation ", and means are people
Heat and balance for ground.But because the oxidation heat liberation amount of coal under low temperature is very weak, small heating error can all make actual value complete
It is annihilated.The other testing time can not also control in advance, depend entirely on the development of low-temperature oxidation of coal reaction, it may be necessary to tens
Hour, coal samples more than several days, or even hundred kilograms needs several moons.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate.This reality
Heated oxide is carried out to coal using a kind of specific mode of device design with new, and temperature-rise period is measured；Then
Theory analysis is carried out to the ad hoc fashion, derives the expression formula of oxidation of coal heat generation rate；Finally utilize the data can of measurement
Calculate the size of low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate.
Term is explained：
Low temperature：Low temperature refers to room temperature~100 DEG C in the utility model.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
A kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate, including heating furnace, heating furnace bottom are equipped with heater, heated
Stove center is provided with cylindrical coal sample tank, and the coal sample height h/ bottom surface radius R of the cylindrical coal sample tank are more than 6, in heating furnace with
Insertion thermocouple in cylindrical coal sample tank, cylindrical coal sample pot bottom are connected with air inlet pipe, and air inlet pipe is by mass air flow sensor and outside
Portion's air compressor machine connection, heater are connected with computer, enter line program computer heating control by computer, and thermocouple is connected with computer,
Thermocouple gathered data is stored by computer.
Further, heater upper cover has the iron plate with hole.
Further, cylindrical coal sample tank is double bottom, including bottom and upper bottom, is gone to the bottom as the closed of cylindrical coal sample tank
Bottom, bottom is provided with above bottom, some holes are uniformly arranged on upper bottom.
Further, it is passed through air inlet pipe between the bottom of cylindrical coal sample tank and upper bottom.
Further, the first thermocouple is placed among heating furnace, in-furnace temperature is monitored；In cylindrical coal sample tank in
Between insert the second thermocouple and three thermocouple respectively at r=0 and r=R/2 in elevation plane, to being carried out in cylindrical coal sample tank
Temperature survey.
Further, the mass air flow sensor adjustment air velocity is 10ml/min.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are：
(1) heating furnace in the utility model can realize the program heating of computer control, including linear temperature increase heating, constant temperature
Heating, heating of setting heating curve etc..
(2) porous cover plate is set on the electric heater in the utility model, heat radiation can be shielded, realizes pure air
Bath heating.
(3) the coal sample tank in the utility model is designed as double bottom structure, and bottom is closed, and upper bottom is uniformly arranged many small
Hole.More than upper bottom it is coal sample loading space, is circulated between upper bottom for additional gas equal by the aperture at upper bottom again into space, air-flow
With coal oxidation reaction occurs for the even coal sample inside that enters.
(4) factor being related to due to coal spontaneous combustion is a lot, very complicated, and the incubation period of coal spontaneous combustion is very long, Er Qie
Incubation period is difficult to judge whether that spontaneous combustion can occur, therefore needs in coal production, storage, transport that a kind of index is directly perceived, result
Effectively, data are accurate, test quick detection method to judge the power of coal spontaneous combustion and the size of exothermic oxidation rate.This practicality
Novel test method finally provides coal sample single oxidation heat liberation curve at each temperature and numerical value, index are directly perceived.Coal spontaneous combustion is sent out
Raw deciding factor is the size of exothermic oxidation rate under coal low temperature, therefore this method measurement exothermic heat of reaction amount is theoretically just protected
Validity is demonstrate,proved.This method is not related to the condition that very strict " thermal insulation " etc. is difficult to, as long as ensureing that heating furnace presses program
Linear temperature increase is carried out, air mass flow keeps identical in each test, and coal sample temperature value energy accurate measurement ensures that most
The accuracy of data result afterwards, and these can all be realized well.The testing time of this method is artificial according to program
Setting, there is the time span of determination, can be dozens of minutes or a few houres.This method has good result, can meet that coal is low
The strong and weak requirement judged of warm oxidation heat liberation measurement and pyrophorisity, it is easy to utilize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device that the utility model measures low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate；
Fig. 2 is the test temperature result of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the test temperature result of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the exothermic oxidation rate result of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the exothermic oxidation rate result of the utility model embodiment 2；
In figure：1- heating furnaces, 2- heaters, 3- cylinder coal sample tanks, 31- bottoms, the upper bottoms of 32-, 33- holes, 4- thermoelectricity
It is even, the thermocouples of 41- first, the thermocouples of 42- second, 43- three thermocouples, 5- air inlet pipe, 6- mass air flow sensor, 7- air compressor machines,
8- iron plates.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the device that the utility model measures low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate.A kind of as shown in figure 1, measurement coal cryogenic oxygen
Change the device of heat generation rate, including heating furnace 1, the bottom of heating furnace 1 laying having heaters 2, the center of heating furnace 1 is placed with cylindrical coal
Sample tank 3, such as metal net bracket can be fixedly installed above heater 2, cylindrical coal sample tank 3 is placed on metal net bracket
It is upper.
Wherein, heating furnace 1 provides the space of measure for coal sample, as a result more accurate to ensure that condition determination is more rigorous, is adding
The iron plate 8 with hole is stamped on hot device 2, realizes the convection current of hot-air, while stops the radiation of heater 2, is ensured to sample
Heating is pure air heating, makes the heating furnace that heating furnace 1 is air bath, and heater 2 is preferably resistance heater, is added
Hot device 2 is connected with computer, enters line program computer heating control by computer, and the different rates linear temperature increase that heating furnace 1 can be achieved adds
Heat, constant temperature heating, determine curve heating heating isotype.
Wherein, coal sample height h/ bottom surface radius R are more than 6 in the cylindrical coal sample tank 3, and axial z can be made by so setting
Direction heat transfer is relatively small negligible, is easy to the calculating to exothermic oxidation rate.
To make the coal sample thermally equivalent in cylindrical coal sample tank 3, cylindrical coal sample tank 3 is preferably designed as double bottom,
Bottom 31 is the closed bottom of cylindrical coal sample tank 3, is provided with bottom 32 above bottom 31, is uniformly arranged on upper bottom 32 some
Hole 33, so, upper bottom more than 32 is coal sample loading space, between upper bottom 32, bottom 31 for additional gas circulate into space, gas
Stream ensure that the thermally equivalent of coal sample again by the hole 33 at upper bottom 32 even into coal sample inside.
The device also includes, and is connected with air inlet pipe 5 in the cylindrical bottom of coal sample tank 3, particularly, air inlet pipe 5 is passed through bottom
In space between 32 and bottom 31, air inlet pipe 5 is connected by mass air flow sensor 6 with external air compressor 7, wherein, the air
It is 10ml/min that flowmeter 6, which adjusts air velocity,.
The device also includes the temperature acquisition to coal sample, insertion thermocouple 4 in heating furnace 1 and in cylindrical coal sample tank 3,
The first thermocouple 41 is placed among heating furnace 1, in-furnace temperature is monitored；In intermediate altitude plane in cylindrical coal sample tank 3
The second thermocouple 42 and three thermocouple 43 are inserted at upper r=0 and r=R/2 respectively, to entering trip temperature in cylindrical coal sample tank 3
Measurement, thermocouple 4 are connected with computer, and the gathered data of thermocouple 4 is stored by computer.
In the present embodiment, cylindrical coal sample tank 3 is made by the thick galvanized iron sheets of 0.4mm, and a diameter of 120mm is high
400mm is spent, bottom the distance between 31 and upper bottom 32 are 20mm, and coal sample is highly 380mm, and the hole diameter on upper bottom 32 is
2mm。
A kind of method that low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate is measured according to said apparatus, comprises the following steps：
1) the bottom surface radius 6cm and coal sample height 38cm of cylindrical coal sample tank 3 are preset, one is placed among heating furnace 1
The first thermocouple of root 41, is monitored to in-furnace temperature；The interior r=0 and r=3cm in intermediate altitude plane of cylindrical coal sample tank 3
Place inserts the second thermocouple 42, a three thermocouple 43 respectively, to carrying out temperature survey in cylindrical coal sample tank 3；By cylinder
Shape coal sample tank 3 is fixed on the center of heating furnace 1；
2) the 2 DEG C/h of heating rate of coal sample is preset；
3) coal sample is heated, and air is passed through from the cylindrical bottom of coal sample tank 3 by air compressor machine 7, pass through air stream
It is 10ml/min that gauge 6, which controls air velocity,；
4) due to the h/R=6.33 of cylindrical coal sample tank 3, more than 6, at the middle part of cylindrical coal sample tank 3, inside coal sample
Heat transfer occurs mainly in radial direction r directions, and axial z directions heat transfer is relatively small negligible；Additionally, due to pair of cylindrical coal sample tank 3
Title property, ringThe heat transfer in direction can also be ignored；
Heat transfer equation inside coal sample is exactly one-dimensional, is represented by under cylindrical coordinates
In formula (1), the λ-coefficient of heat conduction, W/m. DEG C；The temperature of T- coal samples, DEG C；R- radial coordinates, m；T- times, s；q-
The HRR of unit volume coal, W/m3；ρ-coal sample density, kg/m3；cp- coal sample specific heat, J/kg. DEG C；
Because the heating rate of coal sample is very slow, therefore the temperature-rise period of coal sample can be regarded as quasi-static, due to control
Heating process processed is linear temperature increase, temperature Ts, heating rate isIt is therefore assumed that it is also line substantially that the temperature of coal sample, which rises,
PropertyOther q is relevant with time t, the temperature difference of each position inside coal sample
Very little, it is believed that it is unrelated with position, radial direction r integration is not involved in, therefore, order
Formula (1) is changed into
And there is boundary condition
Formula (4), the radius of R- cylinder coal sample tanks, m；Ts- cylindrical coal sample tank wall temperature, equal to the temperature of heating furnace
Degree, DEG C；Solution formula (3), and boundary condition is utilized, obtain
Further according to formula (2), the HRR of unit volume coal sample is obtained
The HRR of coal sample at each temperature is can be obtained by according to formula (6)；
Formula (6), ρ, cp, λ be coal Physical Constants, R, r be respectively cylindrical coal sample tank radius and thermocouple in cylinder
The radius of opening position is inserted in shape coal sample tank；
Above-mentioned ρ, cp, λ be coal Physical Constants, R, r be respectively cylindrical coal sample tank radius and thermocouple in coal insert
Put the radius of opening position, these all be experiment start before just fixed invariant parameter, according to formula (6) as long as experiment when perseverance
Fixed speedHeating, and with thermocouple measurement heating-up temperature and coal sample temperature Ts, T can be obtained by q.
Selection Yangquan Shi Gang pit coals are coal sample 1 and hundred million grand pit coal of Huozhou is that coal sample 2 is tested, and then calculate them low
The exothermic oxidation rate of thermophase, and the pyrophorisity for comparing coal sample 1 and coal sample 2 is strong and weak.Tested with coal sample 1 and coal sample 2, gained
The furnace temperature and the temperature difference arrived is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.T in figuresRepresent furnace temperature, T0、TrCoal sample intermediate altitude r=0 and r=are represented respectively
Temperature at 3cm.
According to test temperature-time data, the heat of oxidation that can be calculated in low-temperature zone (room temperature~100 DEG C) coal sample is released
Put speed, the oxidation HRR of coal sample 1 and coal sample 2 corresponds to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively.Q in figure0、qrRepresent respectively from center
For the overall heat generation rate at 0, r thermocouple measurement, partial heat, therefore coal sample can be taken away due to there is air to be passed through at center
In usual q0<qr.Understood in comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 5, the oxidation HRR value of coal sample 1 is greater than coal sample 2, i.e. coal sample 1 has
There is stronger pyrophorisity.
Drawn according to above-described embodiment, under same standard test condition, heating rate score is bigger, shows the coal sample
Pyrophorisity it is stronger, easier generation spontaneous combustion.
While there has been shown and described that embodiment of the present utility model, for the ordinary skill in the art,
It is appreciated that these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of changes in the case where not departing from principle of the present utility model and spirit, repaiied
Change, replace and modification, the scope of the utility model are defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate, it is characterised in that including heating furnace, heating furnace bottom is equipped with
Heater, heating furnace center are provided with cylindrical coal sample tank, and the coal sample height h/ bottom surface radius R of the cylindrical coal sample tank are more than
6, heating furnace is interior and the interior insertion thermocouple of cylindrical coal sample tank, cylindrical coal sample pot bottom are connected with air inlet pipe, and air inlet pipe passes through sky
Air-flow gauge is connected with external air compressor, and heater is connected with computer, enters line program computer heating control by computer, thermocouple with
Computer is connected, and thermocouple gathered data is stored by computer.
A kind of 2. device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that heater upper cover
There is the iron plate with hole.
A kind of 3. device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cylindrical coal sample
Tank is double bottom, including bottom and upper bottom, goes to the bottom as the closed bottom of cylindrical coal sample tank, is provided with above bottom
Bottom, some holes are uniformly arranged on upper bottom.
A kind of 4. device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that cylindrical coal sample
Tank is gone to the bottom and is passed through air inlet pipe between upper bottom.
A kind of 5. device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the air
It is 10 ml/min that flowmeter, which controls air velocity,.
6. a kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that among heating furnace
The first thermocouple is placed, in-furnace temperature is monitored；In cylindrical coal sample tank in intermediate altitude plane at r=0 and r=R/2
The second thermocouple and three thermocouple are inserted respectively, to carrying out temperature survey in cylindrical coal sample tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720981886.1U CN207163948U (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | A kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720981886.1U CN207163948U (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | A kind of device for measuring low-temperature oxidation of coal heat generation rate |
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| CN207163948U true CN207163948U (en) | 2018-03-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111024888A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 杭州绿洁环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for testing permanganate index |
| CN115931966A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Equipment for measuring temperature rise characteristic of coal in spontaneous combustion incubation period |
-
2017
- 2017-08-08 CN CN201720981886.1U patent/CN207163948U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111024888A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 杭州绿洁环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for testing permanganate index |
| CN111024888B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-07-12 | 杭州绿洁环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for testing permanganate index |
| CN115931966A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Equipment for measuring temperature rise characteristic of coal in spontaneous combustion incubation period |
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