CN207159366U - A kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking to purge spraying and splashing facility, including circumferential weld shape purge nozzle and annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber, circumferential weld air stream outlet is formed between annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder and drill steel sheath, its center is occupied by drill steel tup, being integrally formed open tubular column sample circumferential weld shape purge nozzle.The utility model utilizes pressure buffer chamber, collects crust breaking cylinder discharge gas, passes through circumferential weld shape nozzle; for crust breaking end journey, carrying hammer, just section is purged; both air film was protected to drill steel tup surface force, splash also is impacted to fused electrolyte liquid, and forced fused electrolyte liquid generate gas depression；It will further be formed between annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder and drill steel sheath in circumferential weld, the airway tube of spring-like is presented after placement coiled coil multi-turn, air-flow guides superposition inertial rotation through straight trip, generation tornado purging splash is developed, plays and effectively reduces the effect that tup sticks electrolyte fused mass probability.

Description

A kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility

Technical field

The utility model category purging protection technology field, and in particular to a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility.

Background technology

In Aluminum Electrolysis Production, the surface scull 13 in soderberg cell hinders blanking and anode effect terminating, and crust breaking is made Industry is the important production process of potroom.

Crust-breaking chips opens charging aperture, aluminum oxide is smoothly entered in electrolyte liquation 15.But fused electrolyte liquid 14 can be attached on crust-breaking chips again, crust breaking chips " packet splicing " phenomenon occur.Crust-breaking chips is more viscous bigger, subsequent broken shell Efficiency worse and worse, hinders that filling is smooth enters electrolytic cell, influences normal material balance, and alumina concentration is unmanageable or even mistake When low, the effect of anode occurs, forces bath temperature rise etc., elicitation technique conditional fluctuation, causes the energy, material waste, finally Economic and technical norms will be made to aggravate.

As shown in the aluminium groove crust breaking gas circuit of accompanying drawing 1, electric-control system critical piece figure, the right angle setting of crust breaking cylinder 5, opposing pistons Demarcate up and down, have upper stomata 8 and air holes 9 respectively, upper stomata is connected with No. 4 gas circuit mouths on gas control two-position five-way valve 12, lower gas Hole is connected with No. 2 gas circuit mouths, and No. 1 gas circuit mouth of gas control two-position five-way valve connects 6~8Bar power supply source capsule.

When crust breaking, 16, No. 3 gas circuit mouths of crust breaking reversal valve in the gas control cabinet of ground connect~2Bar gas controls instruction source of the gas, beat Shell magnetic valve after by electricity, lead to by 2-3 and 1-4 gas circuits, sends crust breaking gas control and instructs and give gas control two-position five-way valve, now gas control two five Port valve 1-4 gas circuits are led to, and air supply source is to crust breaking upper cylinder pressurising, while 2-3 gas circuits are led to, and lower cylinder externally discharges gas, are lived in cylinder Fill under the drill steel tup gravity collective effect that 4 stroke thrusts connect with piston, piston fast driving tup is downward, and realization is effectively beaten Shell.

After performing the A seconds, or the crust breaking reversal valve in gas control cabinet, crust breaking magnetic valve dead electricity, valve core spring promote Self-resetting, Switch to 1-2 and 3-4 gas circuits to lead to, that is, be vented the instruction of crust breaking gas control, send to carry and hammer gas control instruction into shape；At this moment, gas control two-position five-way valve Receive after proposing hammer gas control instruction, switch to 1-2 gas circuits and lead to, air supply source is to hammer lower cylinder pressurising is proposed, while 4-5 gas circuits are led to, upper gas Cylinder externally discharges gas, under the promotion of cylinder piston stroke, overcomes the drill steel tup gravity of piston connection, piston slowly carries upwards Hammer.

Crust breaking reversal valve in gas control cabinet, magnetic valve are sent outside the instruction of A second crust breakings gas control by electricity, and the holding of remaining period carries hammer Gas control instructs 130 seconds, so circulation.The low-pressure gas source and cylinder power air supply source of gas control instruction are transmitted, independently of each other.

Gas control two-position five-way valve on crust breaking cylinder, accept crust breaking reversal valve gas control instruction, manipulation piston make it is up or Descending reciprocal two-position action.

Crust breaking cylinder end of travel is provided with cushion chamber, prevents piston and end bottom collision；Used between tup and piston drill steel Screw thread is welded to connect, it is desirable to and tup must reach fused electrolyte liquid, otherwise easily occur that crust breaking is not in place, and charging aperture is not opened, Material can not be added in time, cause anode effect occurs；However, the oversize long soaking time in fused electrolyte liquid of tup, from And to stick thing relatively more for electrolyte melting, " packet splicing " is contributed to grow up, reduction crust breaking efficiency.

Crust breaking cylinder acts more than 700 times round the clock, and each tup is immersed in up to 950 DEG C of ice crystal 90%, aluminum oxide 5% and additive 5% form liquation in 2~3 seconds, cause tup long soaking time, electrolyte melting stick thing it is relatively more, The reason for clearing up " packet splicing " time-consuming effort, the frequently even series of problems such as replacing tup has：Setting performs the crust breaking gas control instruction A seconds Adjustable at 2~6 seconds, duration is excessive, while multi cylinder inflation drags down gas transmission pipeline net work pressure, and it is slow that piston carries hammer；Piston connection Drill steel tup is overweight, and it is too big to start inertia；Area is less than upper area, born lifting force deficiency under cylinder piston.

Usual piston stroke there are about 2000mm length, the ice crystal institute on the one hand resolved into by sodium oxide molybdena, calcium oxide, magnesia The bulk of the electrolyte composition of composition constantly changes, and surface crust hardness and viscosity can be caused different；Electricity is melted on the other hand Matter liquid is solved, there are a 100mm fluctuation ranges with production adjustment, 500 DEG C or so of electrolyte case temperature, therefore, hammer force needed for crust breaking Degree and insertion effective depth will also follow regulation and control.

Up to the present, around the pneumatic system of crust breaking efficient design, inadequate, reduction tup delay is considered to putting forward hammer efficiency Take effective measures, in addition crust breaking process chronologically opened loop control.

Utility model content

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purging spraying and splashing facility, and the device is by annulus post Circumferential weld jet exit, being integrally formed open column shape body structure, with piston are formed between shape pressure buffer chamber inner cylinder and drill steel sheath The installation of drill steel sheath form is fixed, and after collecting crust breaking cylinder discharge gas, the air-flow ejected is right through open column shape straight trip boot segment Drill steel tup, fused electrolyte liquid on crust breaking path implement purging, both protect air film to drill steel tup surface force, also to molten Melt electrolyte solution impact splash, force fused electrolyte liquid generate gas depression.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions, and a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility, Including annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber 2 and it is wrapped in outside drill steel tup 3 and in annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder 27 Drill steel sheath 26, the inner cylinder gap of the drill steel sheath 26 and annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber form circumferential weld shape purge nozzle 1, institute Stating circumferential weld shape purge nozzle, there is circumferential weld air stream outlet 23 to point to the drill steel tup 3 on crust breaking path, the annulus cylindrical pressure The inner tube wall of cushion chamber is provided with the straight trip boot segment 21 of extension；Crust breaking cylinder row is collected in the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber After deflation, air-flow that the interconnected circumferential weld shape purge nozzle ejects, kept straight on boot segment through open column shape, to crust breaking road Drill steel tup, fused electrolyte liquid on footpath are purged, and air film are protected to drill steel tup surface force, also to fused electrolyte Liquid impacts splash, forces fused electrolyte liquid generate gas depression, reduces tup and sticks electrolyte fused mass probability.

Further, the inner cylinder gap of the drill steel sheath 26 and annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber forms circumferential weld shape purge nozzle In 1, the airway tube 24 of presentation spring-like after coiled coil multi-turn is placed, the air-flow of circumferential weld air stream outlet is folded through boot segment 21 of keeping straight on Add inertial rotation, develop generation tornado purging splash.

Further, the airway tube 24 that spring-like is presented after the coiled coil multi-turn in circumferential weld shape purge nozzle 1 is arranged on, with Pressure adaptive stretches in annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber.

Further, the length of the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber is less than the maximum lift collision height of drill steel tup.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, the utility model has the following advantages：

By air pressure complementary energy, to crust breaking end journey, carrying hammer, just section is purged the utility model, and both tup surface force was protected Air film is protected, splash also is stirred to fused electrolyte liquid, forms that opportunity is appropriate, deep gas depression as far as possible, is ensuring that crust breaking hammering has Under the premise of effect, space-time barrier is built, effectively reduces the probability that tup sticks electrolyte fused mass.

Brief description of the drawings

In order that the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage are clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to this practicality It is new to be described in further detail, wherein：

Fig. 1 is aluminium groove crust breaking gas circuit, electric-control system critical piece figure；

Fig. 2 is crust breaking direct current splash operating diagram；

Fig. 3 is circumferential weld shape cyclone generator outline drawing；

Fig. 4 is crust breaking eddy flow splash operating diagram；

Fig. 5 is the slow isolation backflow ripple schematic diagram of pressure chamber；

Fig. 6 is that piston execution puies forward hammer action schematic diagram；

Fig. 7 is the utility model configuration diagram；

Wherein, 1, circumferential weld shape purge nozzle, 2, annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber, 3, drill steel tup, 4, cylinder piston, 5, beat Sheath gas cylinder, 6, lower cylinder, 7, upper cylinder, 8, upper stomata, 9, air holes, 10, discharge tracheae, 12, gas control two-position five-way valve, 13, Bath surface scull, 14, fused electrolyte liquid, 15, flowing electrolyte liquid, 16, crust breaking reversal valve, 21, straight trip boot segment, 22nd, injection stream tiltedly exports, and 23, circumferential weld air stream outlet, 24, airway tube, 25, mutually lead to mouth, 26, drill steel sheath, 27, inner cylinder, 28th, aperture is breathed, 51, bottom cover.

Embodiment

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail；It is it should be appreciated that it is preferred that real Example is applied only for illustrating the utility model, rather than in order to limit the scope of protection of the utility model.

A kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility, including annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber 2 and be wrapped in drill steel tup 3 it is outer and Drill steel sheath 26 in annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder 27, the drill steel sheath 26 and annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber Inner cylinder gap form circumferential weld shape purge nozzle 1, the outlet of the circumferential weld shape purge nozzle has circumferential weld air stream outlet 23；It is described Circumferential weld shape purge nozzle points to the drill steel tup 3 on crust breaking path, and the port of the inner cylinder of the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber is set It is equipped with the straight trip boot segment 21 of extension, limitation, which is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen, flees to gathering purging region.The end of straight trip boot segment sets injection Stream tiltedly outlet 22,

As shown in the crust breaking eddy flow splash operating diagram of accompanying drawing 4, by the pressure buffer chamber open column shape structure of annulus cylindricality The guiding straight trip jet-stream wind of straight trip boot segment 21, plus being arranged at annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder 27 and drill steel sheath 26 After the coiled coil multi-turn in gap present spring-like airway tube send inertial rotation air-flow, beneficial to circumferential weld shape purge nozzle to melt Melt electrolyte levels vertical height, core cyclone is strengthened and extended, and is met after developing formation condition, is formed tornado and is blown Splash is swept, plays and effectively reduces the effect that tup sticks electrolyte fused mass probability；That is spring-like airway tube and pressure buffer chamber Coordinate, be assembled into cyclone generator.

Tornado rotating-spray air-flow, it is in straight trip injection stream, is superimposed rotating flow, guiding cyclone is strengthened extension, entered And raw tornado purging splash is drilled, be advantageous to stir the gas depression that fused electrolyte liquid produces depth of trying one's best；Simultaneously by centrifugal force Most of splashing dropping liquid is driven to be scattered in crust breaking hole-opening side wall.Play force air film cut-off electrolyte solution and cohere tup road Footpath, fused electrolyte droplets height is reduced, forces fused solution eddy flow to generate deep gas depression of trying one's best.

Housing is provided with the air holes with crust breaking cylinder 5 by gas control two-position five-way valve on the outside of annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber The air holes of 9 connections, the air holes in pressure buffer chamber are connected by discharging tracheae 10 with gas control two-position five-way valve.The pressure The length of cushion chamber is less than the maximum lift collision height of drill steel tup.

When the piston 4 of cylinder performs crust breaking action, the pressurising of upper cylinder 7 of crust breaking cylinder 5, lower cylinder 6 externally discharges gas, Piston fast driving tup, punches electrolyte hard shell body；In implementation procedure, lower cylinder is externally discharged to gas access annulus cylindricality pressure Power cushion chamber, trapping storage discharge gas, as piston stroke persistently promotes, tup convergence fused electrolyte liquid, discharge accumulation Tolerance increase, cavity pressure rise is now buffered, circumferential weld shape purge nozzle overcomes on-way resistance, and the air-flow ejected is through open tubular column Shape straight trip boot segment, purging is implemented to the drill steel tup on crust breaking path, fused electrolyte liquid.

Meanwhile fused electrolyte liquid by high-pressure blowing airflow function when, liquation is extruded by aerodynamic force, it may occur that gas depression shows As, while powerful blowing force, can also it cause liquation to splash.Gas depression is extruded by fused electrolyte liquid by strength, splash is reduced It is produced, the contact area of liquation and tup can be effectively reduced, and then reduce the electrolyte amount of sticking.

The end injection flow export for extending boot segment of keeping straight on makees 5~15 ° of angles bevelings, builds core shift jeting effect, non-equal Even arrangement purging air-flow, beneficial to regulation and control liquation splash direction.

The utility model utilizes the gases at high pressure that pressure buffer intracavitary is accumulated, by circumferential weld shape purge nozzle, for beating Shell end journey, carrying hammer, just section is purged, and both fills in protection air film to drill steel tup surface, and also fused electrolyte liquid is impacted and sprayed Splash, force fused electrolyte liquid to generate gas depression, under the premise of crust breaking hammering effectively is ensured, reduce tup and stick electrolyte melting The probability of thing.

But in the case where cylinder air pressure, purging distance can not all change, use is more fierce and convergent air vortex eddy flow, More beneficial effect can be produced.The first step that usual tornado rotating-spray air-flow is formed is to need strong straight-flow gas-flow And swirling eddy, second step are to need core cyclone to strengthen and extend.

As shown in the circumferential weld shape cyclone generator outline drawing of accompanying drawing 3, annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder and drill steel loudspeaker Shape sheath gap is formed in circumferential weld, places the airway tube of presentation spring-like after coiled coil multi-turn, pressure buffer chamber and air guide Pipe mutually leads to, and after air-flow spirally advances along airway tube, is sprayed with rotatory inertia, then from circumferential weld discharge swirl；Helical disk The airway tube of spring-like is presented after multi-turn, there is certain flexible ability.

During gas injection, static pressure can change and fluctuate with air velocity in tubaeform sheath, therefore, Ke Yi Breathing aperture 28, the outlet of balance circumferential weld eddy flow and extraneous pressure difference are opened up on bell-mouth structure of air.

The pressure buffer intracavitary of annulus cylindricality, along with crust breaking cylinder piston stroke, cavity pressure experience：Normal pressure gas storage, Boost overflow, high-pressure injection, decompression decline, negative pressure refluxing stage, by the ring that spring-like is presented after airway tube coiled coil multi-turn Gap-like purge nozzle, its spiral tube spring, self extending, spring self-adapting occurs according to air pressure height：Normal pressure is normal, boosting is drawn Stretch, high-pressure stage is long, be recovered under reduced pressure, negative pressure shortens the stage, alignment tup rotating-spray cyclone, corresponding air-flow destructive power：Normal pressure Wait in flowing, the rotating flow that boosts, high pressure life spout, the continuous spout of decompression, negative pressure backflow ripple, cyclone once generates will inertia dimension Hold；Generate the destructive power to grow from weak to strong, then sustaining breakdown power, the efficient purging Spray Mode that finally stops abruptly.

In other words, the lower cylinder discharge gas of crust breaking cylinder enters the pressure buffer chamber of annulus cylindricality, and pressure gradually rises Height, tornado rotating-spray is triggered, cyclone can continue a bit of time, and cushion chamber is poly-, which to press through journey, can cause of short duration delay Purging acts on, and the journey after crust breaking of having an effect, for tending to be immersed in the tup in liquation, now places oneself in the midst of in gas depression, opportunity More preferably.

Annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber, by more than half configuration of crust breaking cylinder volume, cushion chamber is bigger, and carryover effects are more aobvious Write.

Crust breaking cylinder piston stroke terminates, and the lower cylinder of crust breaking cylinder, which externally discharges gas, tends to cut-off, and cyclone is also being held Supervention is sent, and can cause to buffer cavity pressure decline, negative pressure state is presented, now cyclone is because of injection conditions disappearance and in the loud cry of a birds Only, air-breathing backflow certainly will be caused to fill up；Such as the slow isolation backflow ripple schematic diagram of the pressure chamber of accompanying drawing 5, pressure of the air-breathing in annulus cylindricality Release expansion potential energy in cushion chamber, and spiral tube spring is in negative pressure and shortens the stage, the rate of curving, which rises, causes on-way resistance to omit It is improved, can isolates and slow down the backflow concussion shock wave to upstream gas control two-position five-way valve 12.

Hammer action schematic diagram is put forward as the piston of accompanying drawing 6 performs, defers to the integrated air stem of cyclone generator gas circuit requirement Shape body structure, install, be fixed under vertically arranged crust breaking cylinder on bottom cover as piston drill steel sheath form, make length Slightly shorter than tup maximum lift collision height, whole function do not influence to perform crust breaking, put forward hammer stroke action.

Such as accompanying drawing 7, shown in a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purging splash configuration diagram, a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility, annulus Circumferential weld jet exit, being integrally formed open column shape body structure, with work are formed between cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder and drill steel sheath The installation of drill steel sheath form is filled in fix, after collecting crust breaking cylinder discharge gas, the air-flow that ejects is kept straight on boot segment through open column shape, Purging is implemented to the drill steel tup on crust breaking path, fused electrolyte liquid, air film is both protected to drill steel tup surface force, it is also right Fused electrolyte liquid impacts splash, forces fused electrolyte liquid generate gas depression.

It will further be formed between annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder and drill steel sheath in circumferential weld, it is more to place coiled coil The airway tube of spring-like is presented after circle, air-flow guides superposition inertial rotation through straight trip, develops generation tornado purging splash, rises To effective effect for reducing tup and sticking electrolyte fused mass probability.

Caused significant advantage：By air pressure complementary energy, to crust breaking end journey, carrying hammer, just section purges, both to tup table Face force protection air film, also stirs splash to fused electrolyte liquid, and formation opportunity is appropriate, deep gas depression of trying one's best, and is ensuring to beat Under the premise of shell hammering effectively, space-time barrier is built, effectively reduces the probability that tup sticks electrolyte fused mass.

Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the utility model, it is clear that this area Technical staff can to the utility model carry out it is various change and modification without departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model.This Sample, if these modifications and variations of the present utility model belong to the utility model claims and its equivalent technologies scope it Interior, then the utility model is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of aluminium groove crust breaking purges spraying and splashing facility, it is characterised in that：Including annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber (2) and it is wrapped in pricker Wiper hammer head (3) outside and the drill steel sheath (26) in the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber inner cylinder (27), the drill steel sheath (26) Circumferential weld shape purge nozzle (1) is formed with the inner cylinder gap of annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber, the circumferential weld shape purge nozzle has ring The drill steel tup (3) on air stream outlet (23) sensing crust breaking path is stitched, the inner tube wall of the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber is set There is the straight trip boot segment (21) of extension；After the annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber collects crust breaking cylinder discharge gas, it is interconnected The air-flow that ejects of the circumferential weld shape purge nozzle, kept straight on boot segment through open column shape, to the drill steel tup on crust breaking path, Fused electrolyte liquid is purged, and is protected air film to drill steel tup surface force, is also impacted splash to fused electrolyte liquid, force Fused electrolyte liquid generates gas depression, reduces tup and sticks electrolyte fused mass probability.

A kind of 2. aluminium groove crust breaking purging spraying and splashing facility according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The drill steel sheath (26) Formed in circumferential weld shape purge nozzle (1) with the inner cylinder gap of annulus cylindrical pressure cushion chamber, presented after placing coiled coil multi-turn The airway tube (24) of spring-like, the air-flow of circumferential weld air stream outlet develop generation dragon through boot segment (21) superposition inertial rotation of keeping straight on Roll up the purging splash of wind formula.

A kind of 3. aluminium groove crust breaking purging spraying and splashing facility according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is arranged on circumferential weld shape purging The airway tube (24) of spring-like is presented after coiled coil multi-turn in nozzle (1), cavity pressure is buffered certainly with annulus cylindrical pressure Adapt to flexible.

A kind of 4. aluminium groove crust breaking purging spraying and splashing facility according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The annulus cylindrical pressure The length of cushion chamber is less than the maximum lift collision height of drill steel tup.