CN207096537U - A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means - Google Patents
A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means Download PDFInfo
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- CN207096537U CN207096537U CN201720369643.2U CN201720369643U CN207096537U CN 207096537 U CN207096537 U CN 207096537U CN 201720369643 U CN201720369643 U CN 201720369643U CN 207096537 U CN207096537 U CN 207096537U
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- faraday
- magnet ring
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- optical fiber
- micrometer
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Abstract
A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means, including micrometer cylinder, photo-coupler, faraday's magnet ring, piezoelectric ceramic ring, micrometer vernier, first collimator, the second collimater.Faraday's magnet ring is designed to one-dimensional free structure by the utility model, rotate the position that micrometer changes free arm, arm difference regulation is carried out in the range of um~cm levels, nm~um level fine adjustments are carried out to faraday's magnet ring with reference to automatically controlled piezoelectric ceramics, flexibly change the arm length difference of Michelson's interferometer.The adjusting means has that range is big, and degree of regulation is high, fast response time, advantages of simple structure and simple, has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
Sensory field of optic fibre is the utility model is related to, specifically a kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium
Adjusting means.
Background technology
, it is necessary to detect sensing in the optical fiber interference type sensor such as fibre optic hydrophone, accelerometer, vibrating sensor
The phase place change of signal obtains measurand, it is necessary to two optical interference circuits is quickly and accurately matched, real-Time Compensation
Because zero migration caused by noise, sensor is set to be in best operating point, so as to obtain highest sensitivity.Generally demodulating
Non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer is introduced in light path and carries out phase adjusted and matching.At present, most of phase-adjusted methods are
The incoming fiber optic delay line on the single arm of non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer, by changing the retardation of fibre delay line come real
Existing phase matched.Fibre delay line mainly has fixed optical-fiber type, annular coupled mode, multi-tap type and Fiber Bragg Grating
(FBG) type etc..The time delay of these fibre delay lines is all that discrete increment is adjustable, makes optical signal by photoswitch routing
Optical fiber or waveguide by different length, so as to obtain different time delays (Δ Τ).Because path length is increment change
, therefore, time delay also can only be increment and discontinuous change, and precision is in tens psecs to hundreds of picosecond magnitudes, corresponding light
Fine length change amount is in mm levels or so, it is difficult to meet the needs of precise phase regulation, and fibre delay line once completes, after
Continuous is difficult to adjust time delay again；In recent years, associated mechanisms develop continuously adjustabe optical fiber delay line.Continuously adjustabe optical fiber prolongs
Late mainly by being realized the methods of temperature or stretching optical fiber, prism, wherein, the adjusting method of temperature or stretching optical fiber
Retardation excursion is small, poor real, and nonlinear effect be present, application is extremely limited；Prism regulation method is to utilize
Air controls the movement of mirror surface in light path by a high precision numerical control stepper motor, changed as light transmission path
The length of light path changes time delay, and this method can realize the continuously adjustabe of time delay.Such as patent " automatically controlled smooth adjustable optic fibre
Delay line " (number of patent application：201520020715.3), and document " design and experimental verification of accurate fibre delay line "
(optical precision engineering, 2014,22 (10)：2622~2626) all similar structure is designed and inquired into.But this side
Case needs to design accurate machine construction to ensure precision, and complex manufacturing technology is with high costs, and the response speed of motor driving
Slowly, poor real, it is difficult to meet optical fiber interference type sensor high accuracy, the needs of fast phase demodulation, therefore, how to simplify non-
The structure of Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means, the real-time of optimizing conditioning device and flexibility are balanced, is optical fiber
One, interference sensor field problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer
Brachium adjusting means, by the way that faraday's magnet ring is designed into one-dimensional free structure, the space in adjustable arm is changed using micrometer
Light path, arm difference regulation is carried out in the range of um~cm levels, while use automatically controlled Piezoelectric Ceramic faraday magnet ring, differential change
The light path of reference arm and adjustable arm, nm~um level transposition sections are carried out, realize the reality of non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer arm length difference
When a wide range of, high-precision flexible modulation.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taken is：
A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means, including micrometer cylinder, photo-coupler, farad
Magnet ring, piezoelectric ceramic ring, micrometer vernier, first collimator, the second collimater；
The right side inwall of micrometer cylinder and one end of piezoelectric ceramic ring are adhesively fixed, the other end and method of piezoelectric ceramic ring
One end of magnet ring is drawn to be bonded, faraday's magnet ring other end can move freely；Piezoelectric ceramic ring is connected to voltage control line；
The left end of micrometer cylinder is threadedly coupled with micrometer vernier, and micrometer vernier is coaxially be bonded with first collimator,
The tail optical fiber of first collimator and the output port 1 of coupler connect；First collimator, faraday's magnet ring and space optical path, coupling
The adjustable arm of clutch structure Michelson's interferometer；
The right-hand member of micrometer cylinder is coaxially be bonded with the second collimater, the tail optical fiber of the second collimater and the output end of coupler
Mouth 2 connects；The Static reference of second collimater, faraday's magnet ring and space optical path, coupler structure Michelson's interferometer
Arm；
Preferably, when laser signal to be measured is after coupler is divided, light beam is free by first collimator, space
After light path, reach faraday's magnet ring and simultaneously reflect, reverses through reaching coupler after the free light path in space, first collimator；It is another
Shu Guang after the second collimater, the free light path in space, reach faraday's magnet ring simultaneously reflect, reverses through the free light path in space,
Coupler is reached after second collimater；Two beam reflected lights carry different brachium information, interfere and export in coupler.
Preferably, faraday's magnet ring is made up of magnet ring, the first Faraday mirror, the second Faraday mirror, faraday
High-reflecting film and anti-reflection film, the high-reflecting film face of the first Faraday mirror and the second Faraday mirror are plated respectively in polariscope two sides
High-reflecting film face closed assembly, three is kept to be on same central axis, and dispensing is solidificated in magnet ring.Magnet ring is used to produce saturation magnetic
, ensure the incident light in Michelson Static reference arm and adjustable arm after the reflection of Faraday mirror, the polarization state of light
It is rotated by 90 °.The double-sided reflecting structure design of faraday's magnet ring, facilitate the differential type of brachium to adjust, reduce vibration effect；When light is believed
After number entering to inject Faraday mirror, the magneto-optic effect of Faraday mirror makes the polarization state of flashlight turn clockwise 45 °,
45 ° are rotated after reflection again, total is rotated by 90 °.Then forward entrance light and back reflection light are reverse in the polarization variations of coordinate direction,
Caused polarization decay is cancelled out each other, and so as to effectively eliminate the influence of polarization decay, improves signal to noise ratio.
Preferably, the photo-coupler splitting ratio is 1:1.Consider decay of the coupler to energy in light path, general couple
The insertion loss of device is less than 3dB.This splitting ratio makes have isocandela signal in the two-arm of interferometer, is reflected through faraday's magnet ring
Afterwards, when interfering into coupler, possess optimal visibility, facilitate the detection of follow-up signal.
Preferably, a kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting method, can be manually rotated micrometer vernier, lead to
Cross vernier and drive first collimator axial movement, change the length of space optical path between first collimator and the first Faraday mirror
Degree, the arm of regulation interferometer is poor in the range of um~cm levels, the regulated quantity △ x of micrometer vernier1With the variable quantity △ L of arm length difference1
Meet：
△x1=△ L1；
Change the operating voltage on voltage control line, elongation of the piezoelectric ceramic ring in axial direction changes, faraday's magnetic
The locus of ring changes, and changes the length of space optical path in reference arm and adjustable arm in a differential manner, so as to nm~
Change the arm length difference of interferometer in um orientation.Wherein, faraday's magnet ring position knots modification △ x2With interferometer arm length difference variable quantity
△L2Relation be：
△x2=2 × △ L2
Preferably, a kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting method, for governing speed it is less demanding,
The big occasion of brachium adjustable range, it is poor to be pre-adjusted change arm manually using micrometer；Require that height, brachium are micro- for governing speed
The occasion of tune, with reference to interferometer bias point algorithm, quick accurate adjustment is controlled using voltage.Manually mutually tied with automatically controlled regulation
Close, realize real-time a wide range of, the high-precision flexible modulation of Michelson's interferometer arm length difference.
A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means of the utility model, technique effect are as follows：
(1) small volume, it is simple to operate.The device can make cylindrical tubulose without complicated electromechanical driving structure
Structure, length are less than 30mm, the several mm of diameter, small volume；It is fixedly connected using collimater with micrometer vernier, manual precession,
Screw out vernier, you can realize a wide range of arm length difference regulation in the range of um~cm, corresponding delay adjustment amount is in sub- ps~ns levels；
And in order to meet the delay adjusted needs of greater degree, by changing the voltage at piezoelectric ceramics both ends, promote faraday's magnet ring water
Translation is dynamic, and the arm length difference of interferometer is adjusted in the range of nm~um levels；Whole device is simple to operate, can meet different system
Performance requirement.
(2) degree of regulation is high, and adaptability is good.The device is by changing micrometer vernier, regulation collimater to faraday's magnetic
The distance of ring, you can the arm difference regulation of um levels is realized, better than the degree of regulation of traditional fiber delay line, and based on piezoelectric ceramics
The difference regulation of nm~um levels arm, then it can make to realize that the delay of fs levels changes, far beyond the regulation essence of tradition machinery formula fibre delay line
Degree, can be with meeting well the needs of high sensitivity phase detector；Using manual and automatically controlled regulation Combination Design, maximum adjustable arm
Poor scope reaches more than 10cm, and based on automatically controlled piezoelectric ceramics regulating arm difference method, can in the demand of sub- ms levels response system,
Real-time is better than existing automatically controlled fibre delay line.
(3) low manufacture cost.The device is without complicated mechanical structure, and cost of manufacture is cheap, faraday's magnet ring of core
It is the Curve guide impeller to optoisolator product, material enriches.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of faraday's magnet ring of the present utility model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer arm length regulating device, structure as shown in figure 1, it by
Micrometer cylinder 1, photo-coupler 2, faraday's magnet ring 3, piezoelectric ceramic ring 4, micrometer vernier 5, first collimator 6, second are accurate
Straight device 7, voltage control line 8 form.Micrometer cylinder 1 is the supporting construction of adjusting means, is threadedly coupled with micrometer vernier 5.
Photo-coupler 2 is used for the laser signal to incidence and is divided, while the reflected light of two-arm is coupled, and in coupled zone
Interfered in domain.The polarization decay that faraday's magnet ring 3 is used in compensated optical fiber circuit, one end is connected with piezoelectric ceramic ring 4, another
End can move freely, and the arm that Michelson's interferometer is finely tuned in the presence of piezoelectric ceramic ring 4 is poor.Piezoelectric ceramic ring 4 loads electricity
Linear extension or shortening after pressure, for promoting faraday's magnet ring 3 to produce axis movement.Micrometer vernier 5 is used for manually or electrically
Rotation, produce axial displacement.First collimator 6 be used for collimate outgoing hot spot, and by incidence optical signal coupled into optical fibres, with
Micrometer vernier 5 connects, for forming the free arm adjusted on a large scale.Second collimater 7 is used for the hot spot for collimating outgoing, and will
Incident optical signal coupled into optical fibres, is connected with micrometer cylinder 1, for forming Static reference arm.Voltage control line 8 is used for
Operating voltage is loaded on piezoelectric ceramic ring 4, produces axial elongation.
Faraday's magnet ring 3 is made up of magnet ring 301, the first Faraday mirror 302, the second Faraday mirror 303.Such as figure
Shown in 2.High-reflecting film and anti-reflection film, the reflectivity of high-reflecting film are plated in the operation wavelength 1550nm of Faraday mirror, two sides respectively
More than 99%, the transmissivity of anti-reflection film is more than 99.9%, the high-reflecting film face of the first Faraday mirror 302 and the second Faraday
The high-reflecting film face closed assembly of mirror 303, then dispensing are solidificated in magnet ring；Faraday's magnet ring 3 produces saturation magnetic field, when optical signal is through antireflection surfaces
When unidirectionally by Faraday mirror, polarization state turns clockwise 45 °, after the high reverse side reflection of Faraday mirror, then
It is secondary to turn clockwise 45 °, so as to ensure the incident light in left and right two-arm after the reflection of Faraday mirror, the polarization state of light
Turn clockwise 90 °.
Photo-coupler splitting ratio is 1:1, centre wavelength 1550nm, insertion loss are less than 3.3dB.
Faraday's magnet ring 3 is designed to one-dimensional free structure, and first collimator 6, the second collimater 7 are divided with faraday's magnet ring 3
From regulation faraday magnet ring 3 or any one collimater, you can change the arm length difference of non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer.It is logical
Rotation micrometer vernier 5 is crossed, changes the distance of first collimator 6 and faraday's magnet ring 3, you can change in the range of um~cm levels
The free arm lengths of interference device, realize large-scale arm difference regulation；When the arm length difference of interferometer needs quick, accurate adjustment
When, it is only necessary to the automatically controlled voltage for changing the both ends of piezoelectric ceramic ring 4 so that the elongation of piezoelectric ceramics changes, and drives farad
Magnet ring 3 carries out the movement of nm~um levels to the left.Due to the change of the position of faraday's magnet ring 3, make reference arm increase (or reduction)
Meanwhile free arm lengths reduce (or increase), then piezoelectric ceramic ring 4, which elongates or shortens, makes the position knots modification △ of faraday's magnet ring 3
x2With arm length difference △ L2Relation be：
△x2=2 × △ L2
For example, be 5 meters for the sensor array of multiple equidistantly weak raster charts, such as the spacing between two gratings pair,
Grating inscribe engineering in, by wire drawing tower process and influence, the spacing between two gratings is likely to occur the fluctuation of um levels.
When matching non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer, the brachium of reference arm can be set 1 meter, the brachium of adjustable arm is arranged to 6
Rice, forms non-equilibrium Michelson steller interferometer brachium adjusting means.During actual fabrication, due to the error of cutting and welding, brachium
Difference is likely to occur the deviation of mm levels, can manually adjust the vernier of micrometer, observe the amplitude of interference signal, work as regulated quantity
After basic compensation brachium error, the close maximum of interference signal amplitude.But between the grating pair of diverse location, by drawing optical fibers stress
Or the influence of self-characteristic, the difference in length of nm~um levels is likely present, this can cause non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer
Arm difference compensation off-target point, so as to which the sensitivity of interference signal between grating be greatly reduced.In extensive superweak fiber grating
, it is necessary to according to current goal grating pair when time-division demodulates, the algorithm of setting is called, is quickly accurately matched.Now, control is passed through
The fast zoom table of circuit processed, obtains corresponding magnitude of voltage, then adjusts the voltage on piezoelectric ceramic ring, changes in the range of nm~um
The elongation of piezoelectric ceramics, you can the arm length difference of amendment interferometer in real time, realize the accurate matching of arm difference, it is ensured that sensor is in
The working condition of optimum sensitivity.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of the appended claims for the utility model.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means, it is characterised in that：Including micrometer cylinder（1）、 Photo-coupler（2）, faraday's magnet ring（3）, piezoelectric ceramic ring（4）, micrometer vernier（5）, first collimator（6）, second collimation Device（7）；Micrometer cylinder（1）Right side inwall and piezoelectric ceramic ring（4）One end be adhesively fixed, piezoelectric ceramic ring（4）It is another End and faraday's magnet ring（3）One end bonding, faraday's magnet ring（3）The other end can move freely；Piezoelectric ceramic ring（4）It is connected to electricity Press control line（8）；Micrometer cylinder（1）Left end and micrometer vernier（5）Threaded connection, micrometer vernier（5）With first collimator（6）Together Axle is bonded, first collimator（6）Tail optical fiber and coupler（2）Output port 1 connect；First collimator（6）, faraday's magnet ring （3）And space optical path, coupler（2）The adjustable arm of structure Michelson's interferometer；Micrometer cylinder（1）Right-hand member and the second collimater（7）Coaxial bonding, the second collimater（7）Tail optical fiber and coupler（2） Output port 2 connect；Second collimater（7）, faraday's magnet ring（3）And space optical path, coupler（2）Structure Michelson is done The Static reference arm of interferometer.
- A kind of 2. non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Treat The laser signal of survey passes through coupler（2）After light splitting, light beam passes through first collimator（6）, after the free light path in space, reach method Draw magnet ring（3）And reflect, reverses through the free light path in space, first collimator（6）After reach coupler（2）；Another light beam By the second collimater（7）, after the free light path in space, reach faraday's magnet ring（3）And reflect, reverses through the free light in space Road, the second collimater（7）After reach coupler（2）；Two beam reflected lights carry different brachium information, in coupler（2）Middle hair It is raw to interfere and export.
- A kind of 3. non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Method Draw magnet ring（3）By magnet ring（301）, the first Faraday mirror（302）, the second Faraday mirror（303）Form, faraday High-reflecting film and anti-reflection film, the first Faraday mirror are plated respectively in polariscope two sides（302）High-reflecting film face and the second faraday Polariscope（303）High-reflecting film face closed assembly, three is kept to be on same central axis, and dispensing is solidificated in magnet ring（301）It is interior, magnetic Ring（301）For producing saturation magnetic field, ensure that the incident light in Michelson Static reference arm and adjustable arm revolves by faraday After light microscopic reflection, the polarization state of light is rotated by 90 °.
- A kind of 4. non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute State photo-coupler（2）Splitting ratio is 1:1.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950673A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-14 | 三峡大学 | A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means |
| CN110186500A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-08-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | A kind of non-equilibrium fibre optic interferometer arm length difference measuring device and measuring method using absolute method |
-
2017
- 2017-04-10 CN CN201720369643.2U patent/CN207096537U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950673A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-14 | 三峡大学 | A kind of non-equilibrium Optical Fiber Michelson Interferometer brachium adjusting means |
| CN110186500A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-08-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | A kind of non-equilibrium fibre optic interferometer arm length difference measuring device and measuring method using absolute method |
| CN110186500B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-04-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Unbalanced optical fiber interferometer arm length difference measuring device and method adopting absolute method |
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