CN2070826U - Rolling roller engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a rotating free piston motive power machine and the motive power is transferred in or out by a gas cylinder. One side of a free piston presses the inner surface of the gas cylinder tightly to rotate around respective fixed shaft line with the inner surface of the gas cylinder together depending on the frictional force. A sliding piece is arranged in the side groove of the free piston. When the rotating speed of one side of the free piston and the inner surface of the gas cylinder reaches to a certain of number, the gas cylinder, the sliding piece and the free piston are connected by using the imbedded plate or floating piston of the sliding piece. The tightly pressing side of the free piston is separated from the contact surface by a motive pressure oil film and the both ends of the free piston are provided with controlled steady pressure oil pads. Therefore, the wear rate of details is decreased. The rotating free piston motive power machine has high gas tightness and raised capacities of bearing high working pressure, bearing high working temperature and adapting heat expansion. The rotating free piston motive power machine can be made into a machine with the high discharging amount and rotating speed.

Description

A kind of power machine with rolling rotor

The invention belongs to the positive displacement classification in rotary piston machine or the motor, is a kind of new architecture of power engine.

The appearance of Wankel engine has illustrated the possibility that rotary engine is realized, the advantage of also having showed it: mechanical efficiency height, balance, friction, rotating speed can be brought up to more than per minute 10,000 commentaries on classics, and volume and weight is very little, and material does not have specific (special) requirements.(with reference to People's Transportation Press: 1961＜rotary engine (collected works) 〉, 1972＜triangular piston rotary engine 〉).But this motor exists following two shortcomings that can't overcome:

1, unavoidable wearing and tearing and leakage between Stamping Steel Ribbon and the epitrochoid cylinder on the triangle pinnacle.

2, on the working surface of the cylinder of non-cylindrical and piston, exist uneven mechanical stress and thermal expansion, these parts can only processing in special facility, is difficult in conventional factory site after the wearing and tearing and repairs or change.

Existing columniform rotary piston machine has sliding vane oil pump, vacuum pump and compressor, also has rolling rotor type compressor, and the cylinder of these types is all fixed.Their common feature be simple in structure, easy to manufacture, cost is low, operation, maintenance and easy maintenance; In addition, the sliding vane machine is balance almost completely in the running, can improve rotating speed, and starting power is very little, but slide plate lip friction power loss is very big, and in the bigger unit of discharge capacity, leakage rate is bigger, and bearing capacity and pressure ratio are less; The bearing capacity of rolling rotor type compressor is bigger, and pressure ratio also can improve, and friction power loss reduces greatly, but running is uneven, and starting power is also bigger.The common issue with of these machines is that their slide plate is all bearing very big load, and the leading role of vane slot and wearing and tearing do not have solution completely, in addition, if temperature variation is very big, all do not have the measure of accommodate thermal expansion.

The rotating cylinder technology of Chinese patent CN86101726＜rotary type compression and sucking pump〉in, a kind of cylinder and piston are disclosed simultaneously separately around the structural type of self rotational, reduced the mechanical consumption of sliding-vane compressor, the table of improving slide plate; But, above-mentioned last common issue with does not still solve.

Purpose of the present invention, change the kinematic relation of handing over these two kinds of cylindrical machines exactly, adopt suitable airtight measure, enable to adapt to the variation of higher pressure and temperature, the condition of the pressure and temperature of heat engine particularly, simultaneously, keep simple in structure, manufacturing and easy to maintenance, starting power is little, the running balance, can improve characteristics such as rotating speed.

Following structural type is proposed:

A cylndrical surface revolving cylinder group that is tightened together by cylinder and cylinder head is bearing in outside the two ends on the bearing; A cylindrical piston of adorning a slide plate slides on the eccentric segment of a bent axle that is shorter in length than cylinder group, and crankshaft two end is bearing in the bearing of revolving cylinder group two cylinder cap inside; Stretch into a fixing projection or bearing pin by bearing outside the rear end, tighten this root bent axle, do not allow its rotate; Cylinder group front cylinder cap, with input shaft or output shaft coupling, cylinder group, slide plate and piston, same direction, the rotation of same rotating speed ground, but their two axis all immobilize.

In this structural type, the transmission of power is passed on the slide plate by cylinder group, and variation has taken place the character of active force,, adopts some feasible seal approach here, cooperates suitable unloading startup method, can achieve the above object.

With reference to figure 1,2, during normal operation, slide plate (10) is pressed on the internal surface of cylinder owing to action of centrifugal force, the slide plate lip, laying a slip panelling (11), this panelling also stretches in the axial notch of cylinder face, along with the rotation of cylinder (9) owing to centrifugal force, the slip panelling promptly drives vane motion, pressurized gas, to the gas work done, input power; Perhaps,, promote vane motion,, drive the cylinder rotation, outputting power through the slip panelling because gas expands.

In this power transmission process, must be fulcrum with the vane slot all, cell wall also bears a kind of torsional moment, and but, active force alleviates greatly, and leading role improves, and the wearing and tearing of slide plate slow down greatly.

Fig. 3 is to Fig. 6, another kind of transferring structure is shown: the slide plate two ends, each is with a slide plate pin (23), or (33) connect with float-valve plug (22) or with flat partition board (26), on two or three angles of other of float-valve plug or flat partition board, respectively establish a radially steel sliding pin (24), when running well, these sliding pins are all because the effect of high mental and physical efforts extend in the pin-and-hole of cylinder process sliding pin, float-valve plug or flat partition board, and the slide plate pin, realize the power transmission process of cylinder to slide plate.With top different be: the position of the center line of slide plate pin, can suitably select to calculate by the concrete performance characteristic of unit.For example; characteristics for combustion process of the internal-combustion engine pressure increases suddenly the most important thing is to protect the vane slot notch to escape injury, so the distance of slide plate pin center and cylinder wall; be the distance of slide plate end pins centerline hole and lip, should equal the length that the busy hour slide plate stretches out.

Structure for above-mentioned slide plate pin, also have some to illustrate: this section of pin-and-hole on the slide plate of Fig. 3 and slide plate pin, flat slightly partially slip surface is processed in both sides in vertical direction, the upper and lower in hole slightly extends, so that slide plate can be pressed on the cylinder face frequently.

The slide plate pin of Fig. 5 is provided with for thermal expansion, it is a cylindrical body, length equals the thickness of flat partition board, and diameter is greater than the height of slide plate prolonged section, and this prolonged section is shorter than slide plate pin, its height is then greater than the radially-protruding extreme length of slide plate, in the cannelure of the sliding insertion of prolonged section slide plate pin,, put into a leaf spring at the bottom land of this pod, rely on elastic force, slide plate is pressed on the float-valve plug plane of the other end.

More than in the power transmission structure of Jie Shaoing, between the lip and cylinder face of slide plate, slide plate two ends and cylinder cap or float-valve plug or and flat partition board between, its relative sliding velocity is all very little, at the vane slot place, side pressure alleviates greatly, so these local friction power losses are all little of ignoring, sealability can keep for long periods.

At opposite side radially, and the sealing of both ends of the surface, adopt following measure:

Radially, force to compress by a side countercylinder internal surface of piston.When base dimension less, or temperature change is when little, this impaction state is determined by design attitude, other situation is then realized by following measure: with reference to figure 3 and Fig. 4, two ends in bent axle (13), direction by off-centre processes two sections planes, in its outside, hole shape is similar in the one section axle journal of each sliding sleeve (18), axle journal, and length is bigger, upper and lower forms two crescent shape cavitys, the leaf spring (19) of packing at the upper plenum place relies on the pressure of spring, piston is pressed on the side of cylinder face.Each commentaries on classics of unit sprays into a small amount of lubricating oil to this line rear that compresses, and relies on the pressure of dynamic pressure oil film, and two surfaces are separated.According to maximum bent axle load, select the minimum thickness of oil film, calculate the pressure of spring, can under suitable degree of finish condition, keep to the long term radial seal.

Here, the same direction in inside and outside two cylndrical surface is rotated, and the oil film bearing capacity approximately doubles, and fuel injection quantity seldom can reach the purpose of protection rubbing surface.

Sealing about side face of piston ring, can be with reference to figure 1, on (14) two end faces of piston, respectively process a shallow oil groove (1), around the oil groove, with high low pressure two element volumes, all separate with vane slot and crankshaft two end oil pocket, play a sealing stripe-shape plane of buffer action, and between front and back cylinder head (5), (6), or and float-valve plug or flat partition board between, form a torus knot stream interface; The inner the three unities of oil groove, front and back drill through a bigger oilhole, and each tightens two ends with a plug, in the middle of the plug, drills through a diameter at 0.4 to 1 millimeter throttle orifice (16); Through strainer filtering, and the lubricating oil of pressurization, enter the bent axle leading portion from oil inlet hole (2), arrive above-mentioned through hole through the oilhole of eccentric segment, bearing shell and internal piston, because action of centrifugal force, the oil pressure in the through hole can further improve; These lubricating oil enter the two ends oil groove by throttle orifice, again by around throttleng surface leak into all low-voltage spaces, by the flow equilibrium of throttle orifice and throttleng surface, stipulated a kind of controlled oil pressure in the oil groove, by the transient equiliblium of this controlled oil pressure in two ends, regulate throttleng surface gap, two ends approximately equal frequently.

Less at the machine packet size, or temperature change is when little, throttleng surface gap, two ends sum is determined by design size, other, then regulated automatically by the method for bottom: with reference to figure 3 and Fig. 4, there is a section of lengthening guiding at the back side of float-valve plug (22), lengthening section is divided into height two circles, the corresponding annular groove also is processed in the inside of cylinder head (5), and pack into cylinder cap circular groove the inside of float-valve plug forms two circle annular sealed chamber; The outer ring is through the following axial oilhole of slide plate pin and a radial direction oil hole, be communicated with the crankshaft end oil pocket, frequent lubricating oil abrim, rely on centrifugal force, keeping almost constant oil pressure, calculate its compression area, make thrust, equate with the bearing capacity of piston end lubricating pad when the nominal clearance towards piston direction; The inner ring closed chamber is with an oblique pore, be communicated with the air cavity near the slide plate place in the work primitive, air pressure keeps equating, calculate compression area, make its maximum value, equal the reverse maximum force of two primitives of high low pressure towards the thrust of piston, like this, in gas compression or inflation process, float-valve plug double side acting power poor just can often be within very little regulation range of end lubricating pad.

When thermal expansion caused lubricating pad gap, two ends to increase, controlled oil pressure reduced, and then float-valve plug inwardly compresses, otherwise, then outwards move.

Because the compaction measure of radial seal must unload during startup, promptly throw off slide plate one side's power contact: in the unit that uses slide plate lip panelling, during shutdown, slide plate and panelling thereof all can fall in the vane slot of piston automatically; In the structure that adopts flat partition board or float-valve plug, the sliding pin on their peripheries must make its withdrawal flat partition board or float-valve plug inside by a cylindrical spring.

Along with cylinder begins to rotate, compressing on the line of piston and cylinder, rely on stiction to drive the same direction rotation of piston, to compressing the oil spout of line rear, these lubricating oil will form one section oil film at once before and after compressing line simultaneously, and frictional force reduces gradually, when reaching certain rotating speed, slide plate throws away, and after the segment distance that slides on casing surface, the lip panelling must embed in the groove of cylinder; Adopting flat partition board or float-valve plug place, because the connection of slide plate pin, flat partition board or float-valve plug must follow cylinder to rotate with piston, and their rotating speed and piston are equal, but faster than cylinder, when reaching certain rotating speed, sliding pin overcomes the pulling force of spring, and beginning is slided on casing surface, and is last, must embed in the pin-and-hole of cylinder wall, promptly change normal operation later on over to.

This new architecture of introducing previously, owing to possessing a series of special nature, so Applicable scope may be quite widely, because the characteristics of sealability, can be used as gas compressor, also can be with being a kind of vacuum pump of full internally compressed, in order to obtain higher limiting vacuum; Owing to adopt the kind of drive of flat partition board and slide plate pin, make this type when discharge capacity is very big, also have quite powerful bearing capacity, so can be with being high-power, high-revolving high pressure oil pump and oil hydraulic motor; In addition, because the special measure of several accommodate thermal expansions makes this type can be equipped to all kinds of heat engines.

Below, introduce a kind of structure and assembling of implementing side by Figure of description, and more operating characteristics.

Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the not too big vacuum pump of discharge capacity, Fig. 2 is the sectional elevation of Fig. 1 at the A-A place, and Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of Fig. 2 in the 9-9 direction, and Fig. 7 is the partial sectional view of Fig. 2 at the C-C place, be the structural drawing of exhaust steam valve, Fig. 8 is the sectional view of Fig. 7 at the E-E place.

Fig. 3 is the end construction figure that adopts the unit of float-valve plug and leaf spring bearing, and Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3 at the D-D place.

Fig. 5 is the end construction figure that adopts the unit of flat partition board, slide plate prolonged section and big slide plate pin, and Fig. 5 is the sectional view at Fig. 5 F-F place.

More than among each figure the title of main part in addition and numbering as following table: 1 plane controlled static pressure lubricating pad 17 bearing shells 2 oil inlet holes 18 slip axle journals 3 motor shafts---19 leaf springs

Be power input shaft or 32 rear exhaust hole 16 throttlings of output shaft 20 axle journal outer cover plates 4 front outer bearing 21 axle journal inner cover plate 5 front end housings 22 float-valve plugs 6 back cylinder covers 23 slide plate pins 7 rear outer bearing 24 bronze medal sliding pins 8 casings 25 vents 9 cylinders 26 flat partition boards 10 slide plates 27 rear outer bearing projection 11 slip panellings 28 Exhaust steam valve bases 12 gland steam exhausters 29 counter-sunk screws 13 bent axles 30 tongue flaps 14 pistons 31 front exhaust hole 15 steam inlet pipes, hole plug 33 large slide plate pins

According to vacuum pump shown in Figure 1, be characterized in panelling transferring power by the slide plate lip, the gap of the impaction state of piston side and end lubricating pad is determined by design size.

Here the two sections location axle sleeves in two sections bearing shells in the middle of the piston, and bearing shell the inside all are made up of two semicircles, and bent axle inserts after the piston, is pressed into this several parts from both sides, puts into cylinder internal again; A cover exhaust steam valve is installed by Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 in the cylinder rear end, adorns front end housing then earlier, refills back cylinder cover, forms independently cylinder a---piston assembly.

In the very little vacuum pump, said modules two outer ends are sliding bearings, and other all adopts rolling bearing.After the unit starting running, the element volume of slide plate both sides is promptly tightly isolated, low-pressure gas sucks from steam inlet pipe (15), through the mesopore of later outer bearing projection and bent axle back segment, to the middle annular groove of piston, several radial through holes enter the low pressure primitive from the vane slot rear then, slide plate is tided over zero line (promptly compressing line) afterwards, and these gases promptly are compressed in the compression primitive of sealing, and pressure raises; Slide plate is during once more near zero line, the pressure of these gases can be elevated to more than the atmospheric pressure, and form some steam bubble forms together with lubricating oil, the exhaust steam valve of pushing C-C place, slide plate the place ahead then open is discharged the casing of cylinder outside, enters atmosphere after branch exceeds lubricating oil in casing.

The sealability of this vacuum pump inside can reach very perfect degree, thus can adopt the way of above-mentioned complete interior compression, in order to improve compression efficiency.

Pumping fluid injects casing (8) the inside, insert motor bearings through oil cleaner screen, enter the bent axle leading portion from the oil inlet hole of motor shaft (3), cross-drilled hole through bent axle flows to preceding step bearing and eccentric segment bearing then, leak into the low pressure annular groove of admission again from the location axle sleeve, at this moment, bent axle, the front end oil pocket is lubricating oil abrim, can be by vane slot to rear end bearing and eccentric segment rear bearing, two leak into low pressure line again from this, the outer place of holding, back can be in addition provides from the special oil circuit of casing, and releases to steam absorbing tube.

In above-mentioned oil circuit,, or drill through one or two inclined holes from the eccentric segment bearing shell from the front end and back end oil pocket, through hole fuel feeding to the end flat lubricating pad, because action of centrifugal force, the oil pressure here might exceed in 0.2 Palestine and Israel than atmospheric pressure, passes through the oil groove of throttle orifice inlet end lubricating pad then.

The structure of freezer compressor, identical with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 basically, just the difference of the diameter at the eccentric segment of bent axle and two end part should equal the twice of throw of eccentric.

For large-scale unit, particularly heat engine, the end construction of Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 adopted in maximum not being both, in order to the variation of accommodate thermal expansion and the shape position error in the processing.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of power machine with rolling rotor, comprising by cylinder (9), the cylndrical surface cylinder group that front end housing (5) and back cylinder cover (6) tighten together, by piston (14), the cylindrical piston group that bent axle (15) and slide plate mutual sliding sleeves such as (10), and preceding outer bearing (4), back outer bearing (7), power input shaft or output shaft (motor shaft etc.) (3), inside and outside bearing shell (17), the controlled static pressure lubricating pad in plane (1), throttle orifice plug (16), panelling (11), float-valve plug (22), flat partition board (26), slide plate pin (23) and (33), sliding pin (24), it is characterized in that cylinder group is a solid of rotation on the outer bearing before and after being bearing in, the inner bearing of solid of rotation is supporting piston set, stretch into a fixed lobe by back cylinder cover, the chucking bent axle, do not allow rotation, one side of piston is being pressed the internal surface of cylinder, the gap is left at two ends, the controlled static pressure lubricating pad in plane just is arranged on the piston end face, the throttle orifice plug is contained in the oil groove bottom of lubricating pad, the front end housing of cylinder group is got knot power input shaft or output shaft, cylinder, piston and slide plate, around two fixed axis, the ground rotation of same direction, because the slide plate lip is being adorned slip panelling (11), during normal operation, be embedded in the longitudinal fluting of cylinder, or because float-valve plug or flat partition board are being adorned in cylinder head inside, two ends, connect with slide plate by slide plate pin (23) or (33), by two or three steel sliding pin (24) radially, when running well, extend in the pin-and-hole of cylinder, cylinder, piston and slide plate, the rotation of same rotating speed ground.

2, the type of describing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that an end cylinder cap inside adorning flat partition board, the other end is being adorned float-valve plug, one section of float-valve plug (22) back side lengthening guiding is divided into highly unequal inside and outside two circles, outer ring compression face place have oilhole link to each other with the crankshaft end oil pocket lower inner ring, the air cavity UNICOM at pore and the close slide plate place of work primitive is arranged.

3, the type of describing according to claim 2 is characterized in that being provided with in the crankshaft two end bearing slip axle journal (18) and leaf spring wherein (19).

4, the type of describing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that flat partition board (26) adorning the big slide plate pin (33) that a length equals block board thickness, the long section in a court of a feudal ruler of slide plate is inserted in its cannelure, this prolonged section length less than block board thickness, height greater than the radially-protruding extreme length of slide plate, but also less than the diameter of slide plate Xiao (33).

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