CN207047059U - A kind of black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on Wheat Straw media filtration - Google Patents

Abstract

A comprehensive treatment system for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material, including a river aerator, a mechanical grille, a wheat straw filter device and an oxidation pond. It is connected with the inlet of the wheat straw filter device, and the outlet of the wheat straw filter device is connected with the oxidation pond. Simple aeration of the river, coarse screens to remove large particles of scum, straw filter material to remove fine suspended particles or blue-green algae, the filtrate enters the stabilization pond for treatment, and finally wetland advanced treatment. Aiming at the problem that blue-green algae are easy to breed after the water quality becomes transparent after the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in rivers in the prior art, it not only solves the problem of air pollution caused by straw burning in rural areas, but also can handle black and odorous wastewater, and wheat straw can Filtering some blue-green algae and its leachate has the effect of inhibiting the growth of blue-green algae, preventing the water from becoming transparent and easy to breed blue-green algae.

Description

A comprehensive treatment system for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of water environment treatment, and more specifically relates to a black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration.

Background technique

A large number of organic pollutants enter the water body, and after corruption, decomposition and fermentation, more than 14,000 kinds of odorous substances such as ammonia nitrogen, humus, hydrogen sulfide, methane and mercaptans are produced, which escape the water surface and enter the atmosphere, producing a pungent odor. Heavy metals such as iron and manganese are reduced, and form sulfides with sulfur in water, forming a large number of suspended particles of negatively charged colloids that adsorb FeS and MnS, which look gray-black. Anaerobic microorganisms tend to be in a suspended state. In an aerobic state, microorganisms tend to form flocs and sink to the bottom of the water. Increasing oxygen can greatly improve water quality. Anaerobic microorganisms tend to be in a suspended state. In an aerobic state, microorganisms tend to form flocs and sink to the bottom of the water. When the transparency of the water body becomes higher, blue-green algae outbreaks are likely to occur.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 2013103262247, discloses a black and odorous river treatment and restoration method, through river interception, sewage discharge, river dredging, plant mat laying, irrigation and artificial management, a new water ecosystem is formed, and self- Purification capacity, the shortcomings of this method are that river interception, sewage discharge, river dredging, and plant mat laying require a lot of manpower and material resources, and the cost is relatively high. In order to form a new water ecological environment system, the cycle is long, although fundamentally It solves the problem of black and smelly urban sewage, but cannot quickly solve the problem of beautiful river water.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 201610048562.2, a method for in-situ chemical treatment and restoration of heavily polluted black and odorous water sediments, adding chemicals to the black and odorous water body, although the phenomenon of black and odorous water bodies can be significantly slowed down in a short period of time, but The cost is high, and there is a risk of secondary pollution, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of black and smelly river water.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 201410618206.0. In this patent, straw is crushed to form particles, flocculant is added and mixed well to make straw flocculation particles. The purpose of purifying kitchen waste water is to achieve the purpose of purifying kitchen waste water. The adsorption properties of straw to oil are used, and the adsorption characteristics of straw itself are improved, and then applied in the treatment of kitchen waste water.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 201110186277.4, discloses the application of straw biomass charcoal in the treatment of electroplating wastewater. In this patent, biomass charcoal is prepared by processing straw at low temperature and using the alkalinity of biomass charcoal, which has excellent adsorption capacity. To neutralize the acidification of wastewater, remove the heavy metal copper in wastewater, and achieve the purpose of purifying wastewater, in fact, the characteristics of straw itself have been modified, and the alkalinity of biochar is used, which is no longer the characteristic of straw itself, and There is secondary pollution.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 201410631192.6, discloses a method of using modified straw to treat dye wastewater. This patent uses agricultural straw waste to synthesize a new polymer flocculant, which can not only realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste, but also Solving the problem of decolorization of dyeing agents in printing and dyeing wastewater does not directly use the characteristics of agricultural straw itself to achieve the decolorization of dyeing agents in printing and dyeing wastewater.

Chinese invention patent, application number: 201410850033.5, discloses a method of using straw powder to filter aquaculture wastewater. This patent makes full use of the filtration and adsorption of corn stalk powder with different particle sizes on organic solids in aquaculture wastewater, and constructs straw with different particle sizes. The powder filter material enables the aquaculture wastewater to be filtered layer by layer to achieve the purpose of reducing the organic load of the influent of the wastewater treatment facility. This treatment method can filter and absorb the organic solids in the aquaculture wastewater, and only physically treats the solid solids in the wastewater, but does not remove the organic load dissolved in the wastewater, and does not fundamentally solve the problem of black and odorous wastewater. problems, and for the treatment of the entire black and odorous river, the amount of processing engineering is relatively large.

Contents of the invention

1. Technical problems to be solved

Aiming at the problem that the black and odorous water body of rivers in the prior art is not cleaned cleanly and the water quality becomes transparent, blue-green algae are easy to breed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive treatment process for black and odorous water body based on wheat straw filter material. It not only solves the problem of air pollution caused by straw burning in rural areas, but also can treat black and odorous wastewater. Wheat straw can filter some blue-green algae and its leachate can inhibit the growth of blue-green algae, preventing the water from becoming transparent and easy to breed blue-green algae.

2. Technical solution

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A comprehensive treatment system for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material, including a river aerator, a mechanical grill, a wheat straw filter device and an oxidation pond. The river aerator is located at the front end of the mechanical grill entrance, and the mechanical grill outlet It is connected with the inlet of the wheat straw filtering device, and the outlet of the wheat straw filtering device is connected with the oxidation pond.

Preferably, the blower of the river aerator is arranged on the bank of the river, and the aeration pipeline of the river aerator is suspended in the middle and lower part of the water body by means of a floating body, above the river bed, at a certain distance from the river bed.

Preferably, the wheat straw filtering device includes a filter box, a water inlet tank, an outlet pipe and a filter material support plate, the filter material support plate is located inside the filter box, and the two ends of the filter box are provided with a box rotating shaft. A water inlet tank is arranged on the side of one end of the filter box, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the side of the other end of the filter box.

Preferably, the wheat straw filter material is placed on the filter material support plate.

Preferably, a water inlet tank is provided on the side of one end of the filter box, and the water inlet tank is located at the upper side of one end of the filter box, and a water outlet pipe is provided on the side of the other end of the filter box, and the water outlet pipe is located at the lower side of the other end of the filter box .

Preferably, the rotating shaft of the box is connected to the motor.

Preferably, the manufacturing method of the wheat straw filter material is as follows: after the wheat is harvested, the remaining wheat straw is bundled into square wheat straw bales through a wheat straw baler, and the baling rope used is hemp rope or straw rope, and then baled The formed wheat straw bag is the wheat straw filter material.

Preferably, the effluent from the oxidation pond flows into the wetland for advanced treatment.

A comprehensive treatment process for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material, comprising the following steps:

A, construct a kind of black and odorous water body comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration as described above;

B. The river channel aerator can increase oxygen to the black and odorous water body, oxidize the odorous substances, and reduce the black and odorous phenomenon;

C. After the water body has been aerated by the river aerator, the floating or suspended solids larger than 3mm are removed through the mechanical grille;

D. The outlet water of the mechanical grill enters the wheat straw filter device, and the wheat straw filter material in the wheat straw filter device filters out solid particles in suspended particles with a particle size of less than 3mm;

E. The filtrate of the wheat straw filter device enters the oxidation pond for treatment;

F. The effluent from the oxidation pond enters the wetland treatment system.

Preferably, in step D, the effluent from the mechanical grid enters the wheat straw filter device, and the wheat straw filter material in the wheat straw filter device filters out solid particles in suspended particles less than 3 mm in diameter, when the wheat straw filter material intercepts or absorbs pollutants When it is close to the maximum value, the motor connected to the rotating shaft of the box starts to rotate the box, and the discarded filter material in the box will naturally fall into the truck parked at the bottom of the box due to gravity, and the truck will transport the filter material out for disposal, and filter the bottom of the box A filter material support plate is installed at a certain position upward, and wheat straw filter material is placed above the filter material support plate.

3. Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) The present invention adopts a black and odorous water comprehensive treatment process based on wheat straw filter material to filter the large and small suspended particles in the black and odorous water, without adding any flocculant, and will not cause secondary pollution;

(2) The present invention realizes the comprehensive utilization of wheat straw, maximizes the use value of wheat straw, and solves the problem of recycling wheat straw in the field;

(3) The wheat straw leaching solution of the present invention has a good algae inhibition effect, and finally adopts the stable pond technology according to local conditions, and the effluent is more excellent;

(4) For the treatment of black and odorous wastewater, those skilled in the art, without creative work, either choose to add chemicals for treatment, or use sewage discharge, dredging, laying plant mats, watering and artificial management to form new wastewater. The ecological transformation of the water body ecosystem is carried out, but the present invention breaks the usual way of thinking and uses straw to treat black and odorous wastewater;

(5) In the method of using straw to treat wastewater, those skilled in the art, without creative work, either choose to crush the straw to filter and absorb the tangible solids in the wastewater, or choose to modify the straw It can be used to treat waste water again, but the present invention breaks the usual way of thinking and directly uses the characteristics of straw itself to treat black and smelly waste water, which not only solves the problem of air pollution caused by straw burning in rural areas, but also can treat black and smelly waste water, and wheat Straw can filter some blue-green algae and its leachate can inhibit the growth of blue-green algae, preventing the water quality from becoming transparent and easy to breed blue-green algae;

(6) The water body oxygenation provided by the present invention is pretreated by coarse grid and straw filter material filtration, so that the subsequent oxidation pond and wetland treatment efficiency is higher and more stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of wheat straw filtering equipment.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtering in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, includes a river aerator, a mechanical grille, a wheat straw filter device and an oxidation pond, and the river aerator is located at the mechanical grille At the front end of the entrance, the outlet of the mechanical grille is connected to the inlet of the wheat straw filter device, and the outlet of the wheat straw filter device is connected to the oxidation pond, and the effluent of the oxidation pond flows into the wetland for advanced treatment.

The blower of the river aerator is arranged on the bank of the river, and the aeration pipeline of the river aerator is suspended in the middle and lower part of the water body by means of a floating body, and is located above the river bed at a certain distance from the river bed.

Put a simple aerator in the black and odorous river to increase the oxygen of the black and odorous water, oxidize the odorous substances in the black and odorous water, and at the same time oxidize the FeS and MnS attached to the suspended particles to reduce the gray black.

Along the river, there is a forked and broken river, where a lift pump is installed to pump the aerated river water into the front end of the mechanical grill, and pass through the 3mm orifice mechanical grill. Large suspended or floating solids such as plastic bags, plastics, etc. Bottles and branches, etc., the suspended solid particles in the treated effluent are less than 3mm, and the effluent from the grille flows into the semi-underground wheat straw filter device.

Organic pollutants in black and odorous rivers enter the water body, and after decay, decomposition, and fermentation, more than 14,000 odorous substances such as ammonia nitrogen, humus, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and mercaptans are produced, which escape from the water surface and enter the atmosphere, producing a pungent odor. Heavy metals such as iron and manganese in water are reduced, and form sulfides with sulfur in water, forming a large number of suspended particles of negatively charged colloids that adsorb FeS and MnS, which look gray-black. Therefore, firstly, the simple aerator 1 is used to increase oxygen, oxidize the odorous substances, and reduce the phenomenon of black odor;

In addition, large solid particles floating or suspended in the river, domestic garbage such as plastic bags, plastic bottles, etc., and some branches, etc., if they enter the water treatment system improperly, they will block the equipment, cause equipment damage, and make the treatment system unstable. Floating or suspended solids larger than 3mm need to be removed by mechanical grating 2;

Solid particles smaller than 3mm will cause a large solid impact on the subsequent sewage biological treatment system, which will increase the oxygenation of sludge production and affect the efficiency of oxygenation. The wheat straw filter material packed by farm machinery can use wheat straw fiber to It is easy to remove suspended solids with larger particle sizes in the suspended particles with a particle size of less than 3mm, and the suspended solid pollutants in the filtered water are greatly reduced. Wheat straw filters out suspended particles and some algae with a particle size of less than 3mm. The wheat straw filter material saturated with pollutant retention and adsorption can be processed for agricultural use. In addition, after the filtered water becomes transparent, it is easy to breed blue-green algae, and the leachate of wheat straw filter material can inhibit blue-green algae. breeding effect. The wheat straw filter device is composed of a filter box 3.1, a water inlet 3.21, an outlet pipe 3.22, a box rotating shaft 3.3, a wheat straw filter material 3.41, and a filter material support plate 3.42. The upper part of the filter box 3.1 is equipped with a water inlet tank 3.21, the lower part of the other side is equipped with an outlet pipe 3.22, and a rotating shaft 3.3 is fixed in the middle of the box. When the wheat straw filter material intercepts or absorbs pollutants close to the maximum value, the motor connected to the rotating shaft starts to rotate the box, and the filter box A filter material support plate 3.42 is installed at a certain position upward from the bottom of the body 3.1, and wheat straw filter material is placed above the filter material support plate.

There are a large number of forked and broken rivers in urban rivers, which are transformed into oxidation ponds according to local conditions. Due to the long generation time of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria, they are easily eliminated by the competition of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. Filling is added to enrich the nitrifying bacteria. With the addition of nitrification effect, the filtrate can be further treated to further remove phosphorus and nitrogen.

Due to the poor quality of the effluent from the oxidation pond, for example, the concentration of total nitrogen is around 20-30mg/L (level B discharge standard for urban sewage treatment plants), the wetland treatment system can strengthen the treatment effect, and the effluent quality is due to the level A standard, such as total nitrogen The concentration is below 4mg/L.

Example 2

A comprehensive treatment system for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material filtering in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Example 1, as shown in Figure 2, the wheat straw filtering device includes a filter box 3.1, a water inlet tank 3.21, an outlet The water pipe 3.22 and the filter material supporting plate 3.42, the filter material supporting plate 3.42 is located inside the filter box 3.1, the two ends of the filter box 3.1 are equipped with a box rotating shaft 3.3, and the side of one end of the filter box 3.1 is provided with The water inlet tank 3.21 is provided with a water outlet pipe 3.22 on the side of the other end of the filter box body 3.1. The wheat straw filter material is placed on the filter material support plate 3.42.

Example 3

A comprehensive management system for black and odorous water bodies based on wheat straw filter material filtration in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the side of one end of the filter box 3.1 is provided with an inlet The water tank 3.21 and the water inlet tank 3.21 are located at the upper side of one end of the filter box body 3.1, and the side surface of the other end of the filter box body 3.1 is provided with a water outlet pipe 3.22, and the water outlet pipe 3.22 is located at the lower side of the other end of the filter box body 3.1. Connect with the motor.

Example 4

In this embodiment, a black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration, the production method of the wheat straw filter material used in Examples 1-3 is as follows: after the wheat is harvested, the remaining wheat straw is bundled through the wheat straw Machine, bundled into square wheat straw bales, the baling rope used is hemp rope or straw rope, and the baled wheat straw bales are the wheat straw filter material.

Example 5

A comprehensive treatment process for black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material filtration in this embodiment:

A, construct a kind of black and odorous water body comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration as described above;

B. The river channel aerator can increase oxygen to the black and odorous water body, oxidize the odorous substances, and reduce the black and odorous phenomenon;

C. After the water body has been aerated by the river aerator, the floating or suspended solids larger than 3mm are removed through the mechanical grille;

D. The outlet water of the mechanical grill enters the wheat straw filter device, and the wheat straw filter material in the wheat straw filter device filters out solid particles in suspended particles with a particle size of less than 3mm;

The effluent of the mechanical grille enters the wheat straw filter device, and the wheat straw filter material in the wheat straw filter device filters out the solid particles in the suspended particles with a particle size of less than 3mm. The motor connected to the body rotating shaft 3.3 starts to rotate the box, and the discarded filter material in the box naturally falls into the truck parked at the bottom of the box due to gravity, and the truck transports the filter material out for disposal, and the bottom of the filter box 3.1 is installed at a certain position upwards. Material supporting plate 3.42, wheat straw filter material is placed above the filter material supporting plate 3.42.

E. The filtrate of the wheat straw filter device enters the oxidation pond for treatment;

F. The effluent from the oxidation pond enters the wetland treatment system.

Example 6

A comprehensive treatment process for black and odorous water bodies based on filtration of wheat straw filter material in this embodiment. Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2, a simple aerator is placed in the black and odorous river to simply increase the oxygen of the black and odorous water, oxidize the odorous substances in the black and odorous water, and at the same time oxidize FeS and MnS attached to the suspended particles to reduce ash black.

Along the river, there is a forked and broken river, where a lift pump is installed to pump the aerated river water into the front end of the mechanical grill, and pass through the 3mm orifice mechanical grill. Large suspended or floating solids such as plastic bags, plastics Bottles and branches, etc., the suspended solid particles in the effluent water are less than 3mm, and the effluent from the grille flows into the semi-underground wheat straw filter device. The lower space of the wheat straw device can pass freight trucks, and the upper part is convenient for storage and dosing in the filter box. Filter material, the operating cycle of each wheat straw filter device is: A normal filtration, B stop water inflow and outflow, C overturn to remove material, D overturn homing and dosing filter material, the process BCD operation time is 1/4 cycle, A The process time is 3/4 cycle, four wheat straw devices form a system, and the ABCD process is alternated to ensure continuous water inflow and outflow. The specific process is that when one of the four parallel wheat straw filter devices intercepts or absorbs pollutants When it is close to the maximum value, the water inlet tank of the device stops water intake, the rotating shaft rotates, the filter material box fixed on the rotating shaft turns over, the box is turned upside down, the opening part of the box body faces downward, and the filter material falls to the bottom due to gravity. In the transport truck, the truck is located at the lower part of the filter box, the bottom of the box outlet is located above the liquid surface of the river, and the bottom of the box is hollowed out to facilitate the entry and exit of the truck. After the dumping is completed, the motor drives the box to turn back to the normal operating position, and the filter material dosing device above adds filter material to the filter material box. After the filter material is fixed, water starts to enter, so that the four straw The filter material devices alternately replace the filter materials, and when one of the devices stops water inflow and outflow, it does not affect the normal water outflow of other devices. The filtered effluent enters the oxidation pond transformed from the Duantou river channel to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the black and odorous water, and promote the further precipitation of fine suspended particles to make the water clearer. Finally, the treated effluent is pumped into the transformed wetland system to detoxify the water. The dissolved pollutants are further treated to make the effluent clear and transparent, which meets the requirements of recycling or reuse.

The process includes a simple river channel aerator, a coarse grid to remove large particles of floating or suspended solids, the screen effluent is filtered through the straw filter material, and the filtrate enters the stabilization pond for treatment, and the wheat straw filter material filters the oxidation pond technology to achieve oxygenation and denitrification , can eliminate black odor and prevent blue algae outbreak.

The simple river aerator can effectively reduce the load of organic pollution and greatly improve the self-purification ability of the river. Especially in summer, the blower of the river aerator is installed on the bank, and the aeration pipeline is suspended in the middle and lower part of the water body by a floating body, away from the river bed. There is a certain distance.

The high-efficiency pretreatment of wheat straw filtration can improve the water quality of the oxidation pond and improve the comprehensive pollution control ability of the system. Black and odorous water can only filter out suspended solids with a particle size larger than 3mm after passing through the mechanical grille, while most of the suspended solids with a particle size below 3mm in black and odorous water cannot be removed, and suspended solids with a particle size smaller than 3mm will greatly reduce the stability of the pond. The treatment capacity can increase the sludge output of the stabilization pond, and in addition, it will block the wetland system. The effluent from the grille will filter out fine particles and some algae through the wheat straw, and the used wheat straw filter material will be incinerated, or returned to the field after fermentation and composting, and the straw It is rich in resources and economical. In addition, the leachate of wheat straw filter material can inhibit the growth of blue-green algae.

Transform the oxidation pond according to local conditions to maximize oxygenation and denitrification with less investment and good results. There are a large number of forked and broken rivers in urban rivers, which are transformed into oxidation ponds according to local conditions, and fillers are added to increase the nitrification effect, which can further remove phosphorus and nitrogen from the filtrate.

Claims (6)

1. A black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration, characterized in that it includes a river aerator, a mechanical grid, a wheat straw filter device and an oxidation pond, and the river aerator is located at the front end of the mechanical grid entrance , the outlet of the mechanical grille is connected with the inlet of the wheat straw filtering device, and the outlet of the wheat straw filtering device is connected with the oxidation pond. 2. A kind of black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the blower of river channel aerator is arranged on the river bank, and the oxygenation pipeline of river channel aerator utilizes floating body Hanging in the middle and lower part of the water body, above the river bed. 3. A kind of black and odorous water comprehensive treatment system based on wheat straw filter material filtration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, wheat straw filter device comprises filter box body (3.1), water inlet tank (3.21), outlet pipe ( 3.22) and the filter material support plate (3.42), the filter material support plate (3.42) is located inside the filter box (3.1), and both ends of the filter box (3.1) are equipped with a box rotation shaft (3.3), A water inlet tank (3.21) is provided on the side of one end of the filter box (3.1), and a water outlet pipe (3.22) is provided on the side of the other end of the filter box (3.1). 4. The system for comprehensive treatment of black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material according to claim 3, characterized in that wheat straw filter material is placed on the filter material support plate (3.42). 5. a kind of black-smelly water comprehensive management system based on wheat straw filter material filtration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the side of one end of filter casing (3.1) is provided with water inlet tank (3.21), water inlet tank ( 3.21) Located on the upper side of one end of the filter box (3.1), the side of the other end of the filter box (3.1) is provided with an outlet pipe (3.22), and the outlet pipe (3.22) is located at the lower side of the other end of the filter box (3.1) . 6. A system for comprehensive treatment of black and odorous water based on wheat straw filter material according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating shaft (3.3) of the box is connected to the motor.