CN207041597U - A kind of expandable nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to medical instruments field, more particularly to a kind of expandable nail, the expandable nail is the loose structure through being interconnected made of 3D metallic prints, including shank (1), head (2) and shaft (3), shaft (3) is located between shank (1) and head (2), for shaft (3) relative to shank (1) and head (2) toward expandable nail centerline depression, the profile of the expansion nail head (2) and expandable nail shaft (3) in junction is smooth.The utility model can provide effective fastening force, and be not in move back nail phenomenon, and broken nail phenomenon will not also occur in implantation.

Description

A kind of expandable nail

Technical field

The utility model belongs to medical instruments field, and in particular to a kind of expandable nail for repairing bone.

Background technology

Osteoporosis is osteoporosis, characterized by being easy to fracture.But the fracture of sufferers of osteoporosis face is solid to be not easy Calmly, and after fixed easily loosening turns into difficult medical problem.Osteoporotic vertebral fracture is one kind of fracture, it is estimated that, entirely Newly hair osteoporotic fracture is up to 8,900,000 to ball every year, and wherein compression fracture of vertabral body accounts for half.For osteoporotic The treatment of compression fracture of vertabral body, first have to effect a permanent cure, be exactly anti-osteoporosis treatment, this is basis.Secondly, it is the place of fracture Reason, the processing method of compression fracture are divided into expectant treatment and operative treatment on the whole.Operative treatment include percutaneous vertebral body into The methods of shape art (PVP), Percutaneous kyplasty (PKP), cervical arc root screw internal fixing system operative treatment.But not All compression fractures can use PVP and PKP to solve.PVP and PKP is applied to simple, simple compression fracture.Such as Vertebral Compression is serious or center pillar or centrum trailing edge destroy bone cement and easily do not ooze out person；In addition, merging disc herniation etc. causes canalis spinalis Narrow compressing spinal cord or nerve root person, situations such as merging unstable spine, will do cervical arc root screw internal fixing system operation, still Pedicle screw has the risk that broken nail occurs in surgical procedure, and for osteoporotic vertebral fracture, vertebral arch Root screw easily loosens in, easily moves back nail, is unfavorable for the recovery of fracture.

Femoral head is a closed space, and volume increase can all make pulp cavity internal pressure caused by any reason in this space Power increase, vascular compression, occurs caput femoris necrosis, if femoral head can occur in 4 years without effectively treatment, about 80% patient Collapse.It is a kind of less modus operandi of dispute for early stage patient marrow core Drilling decompression in femoral head, it is therefore an objective to reduce femur The pressure of head intramedullary cavity recovers normal blood in femoral head and transports and mitigate resulting pain.While pulp cavity pressure is reduced Femoral head is avoided to occur collapsing and should also keep normal mechanical structure in femoral head, so selecting suitable supporting way also very heavy Will.

Utility model content

The problem of in background technology, the utility model provide a kind of expandable nail, and the expandable nail interconnects Loose structure, the expandable nail include：Shank, head and shaft, shaft is between shank and head.

Further, the expandable nail is the different cylindrical type of both ends thickness.

Further, the expandable nail forms through 3D metallic prints.

Further, the expandable nail is made up of Ultimum Ti.

Further, the expansion nail head is hemispherical, the expansion nail head and wheel of the expandable nail shaft in junction Exterior feature is smooth.

Further, the length of expandable nail is 10-200mm, a diameter of 2-30mm.

Further, the hole shape of the loose structure is polyhedron, spheroid or irregular shape.

Further, BMP-2 is scribbled inside the loose structure.

Further, shaft relative to shank and head toward expandable nail centerline depression.

Expandable nail of the present utility model is adapted to a variety of orthopaedics class diseases, can provide effective fastening force, and be not in Nail phenomenon is moved back, broken nail phenomenon will not also occur in implantation.Loose structure for cell adhesion, propagation provide space, be beneficial to Blood vessel, bone tissue etc. grow, while when treating caput femoris necrosis class disease, it is possible to provide the mechanical support stable to femoral head, And the growth factors such as BMP-2 can be smeared in inside configuration, promote new osteanagenesis.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of an embodiment of expandable nail of the present utility model.

Structural representation when Fig. 2 is expansion tack operation shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is scheme of installation when expandable nail shown in Fig. 1 is used for femoral head.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of another embodiment of expandable nail of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is scheme of installation when expandable nail shown in Fig. 4 is used for compression fracture of vertabral body.

Wherein, 1- shanks；2- heads；3- shafts.

Embodiment

Embodiment of the present utility model, wherein identical part identical reference table are described with reference to the accompanying drawings Show.

As shown in Figure 1-2, it uses Ultimum Ti material to present invention expansion pin structure, is formed through 3D metallic prints. The expandable nail includes shank 1, head 2 and shaft 3 in cylinder, expandable nail, and head 2 is hemispherical, and head 2 and shaft 3 are flat Slip over and cross, that is, the two profile is smooth.In one embodiment, expandable nail is the different cylinder of both ends thickness, head Portion 2 is butt end and hemispherical.The overall structure of expandable nail is the loose structure of mutual UNICOM, and the inside of the loose structure can apply Smear BMP-2.

Further, the length of the expandable nail is 10-200mm.

Further, a diameter of 2-30mm of the expandable nail.

Further, the hole shape of the loose structure includes but is not limited to polyhedron, spheroid, irregular shape body.

Method and step using expandable nail of the present utility model is：

1. being bored by hand under continuous narcosis or electric drill needing to use drilling at expandable nail, drilling depth is equal to selection The length of expandable nail, bore diameter is slightly less than or the expandable nail diameter equal to selection.

2. using hand tools, the accurate reaming of special reaming tool or more advanced robot, expand drilling into inner big Outer small shape, clear up broken bone and bone bits.

3. whether selected expandable nail is smeared into BMP-2 as needed, then it is placed in 5 degrees centigrade physiological saline Make its softening, expandable nail is then pressed into cylinder using instrument or cylindrical die.

4. a bar shaped expandable nail, which is put into, to drill, 40 degrees centigrade physiological saline are poured into, make it restore to script shape Shape, full of jewel hole, the muscle of last layer-by-layer suture cut-out, hypodermis and skin.

Fig. 3 shows the scheme of installation when expandable nail is used for femoral head.During expandable nail of the present utility model is adapted to Femoral head osteonecrosis, effective fastening force, and stable support can be provided, and be not in move back nail and loose phenomenon, Also broken nail phenomenon will not occur during implantation.

Fig. 4-5 shows the sectional view of the further embodiment of expandable nail of the present utility model.It is mainly used in, sclerotin is dredged Pine property compression fracture of vertabral body.Diagram is that expandable nail is thick for two, middle thin structure.The head 2 of expandable nail is still semicircle Shape, maximum improvement are shafts 3 relative to head 2 and end 1 to expandable nail centerline depression, so as to the shape of whole expandable nail For the thick middle thin structure in two.

The utility model utilizes the shape memory characteristic of Nitinol, memorial alloy expandable nail is put into by hand or special Instrument big outer small hole in drilling out, when memorial alloy becomes original state again, can fill up the hole drilled out, big outer small shape in formation Shape, avoid moving back and follow closely phenomenon, and each face of expandable nail except the base is in close contact with hole inner face, there is provided be lasting Fastening force., can be in loose structure when another advantage of expandable nail is used in the place of the new osteanagenesis of the needs such as caput femoris necrosis Smear the growth factors such as BMP-2 and promote new osteanagenesis in inside.Other loose structure is advantageous to new Bone Ingrowth, recovers blood fortune in bone, Make patient's rehabilitation as early as possible.

The utility model can effectively improve traditional draw point in fracture is applied, screw moves back the phenomenon of nail, broken nail, be particularly pair There is relatively good effect in sufferers of osteoporosis face.In application for the treatment of caput femoris necrosis, the pressure in pulp cavity can be reduced, there is provided give Femoral head mechanical support, moreover it is possible to promote new osteanagenesis by smearing BMP-2, and also new bone can be grown on inside loose structure, Play a part of " reinforced concrete ", preferably protect femoral head, prevent from collapsing.

The advantages of the utility model, also includes：

1) give bone face lasting pressure.Because stress (strain) can promote cell to breed, cause cytoskeleton rearrangement and The change of cellular morphology, accelerate cellular matrix mineralising, the secretion of stimulating cytokine and Bone m etabolism hormone, so as to adjust bone generation Thank, promote the growth and reconstruction of bone tissue.

2) prevent from loosening, move back nail, broken nail.Because loosening also results in bone injury, cause operative failure.

3) expanding end can increase the contact area with femoral head, so as to increase support force.

4) expandable nail after expanding can be close to hole wall, and this is advantageous to effective support to bone and the conduction to power.

5) bone nonunion, Cranial defect etc. can be treated.

Embodiment described above, simply the utility model more preferably embodiment, those skilled in the art The usual variations and alternatives carried out in the range of technical solutions of the utility model should all be included in the scope of protection of the utility model It is interior.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of 1. expandable nail, it is characterised in that the expandable nail is the loose structure through being interconnected made of 3D metallic prints, The expandable nail includes：Shank (1), head (2) and shaft (3), shaft (3) are located between shank (1) and head (2), shaft (3) it is described to expand nail head (2) and expandable nail shaft (3) relative to shank (1) and head (2) toward expandable nail centerline depression Profile in junction is smooth.
2. 2. expandable nail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the expandable nail is made up of Ultimum Ti.
3. 3. expandable nail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the expansion nail head (2) is hemispherical.
4. 4. expandable nail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of expandable nail is 10-200mm, a diameter of 2- 30mm。
5. 5. expandable nail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hole shape of the loose structure is polyhedron, spheroid Or irregular shape.
6. 6. expandable nail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that scribble BMP-2 inside the loose structure.