CN207038183U - Reactor system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of reactor system is the utility model is related to, the reactor system has reactor vessel, and the reactor vessel has reactor lid of the configuration on reactor vessel.Main sodium processing system supply pipe and recurrent canal penetrate reactor lid.The distance that supply pipe extends below reactor lid is more than the distance that recurrent canal extends below reactor lid.

Description

Reactor system

Technical field

It the utility model is related to nuclear reaction field, more particularly to a kind of reactor system.

Background technology

Fission-type reactor includes propagation-burning fast reaction heap (also referred to as traveling wave reactor, or TWR).TWR refer to by Be designed to use after starting weary light-water reactor fuel after natural uranium, depleted uranium or reprocessing as heavily loaded fuel without Operate time limit and wherein breed and with the reactor that will be advanced relative to fuel of ripple of after-combustion.Therefore, in some respects, TWR is to rely on propagation to upstate and the through type fast reaction heap of the subcritical heavily loaded operating fuel of combustion in situ. In TWR, moved in the central core of propagation and fission ripple (" propagation-combustion wave ") originating from reactor and relative to fuel. In the case where fuel is static, propagation and combustion wave are from burning-point to external expansion.In some cases, fuel is moveable so as to increase Grow with combustion wave relative to core body static (for example, standing wave) but moved relative to fuel；Standing wave should be considered as a kind of TWR.Fuel The movement of component is referred to as " fuel exchange (fuel shuffling) " and can complete standing wave, and this is (hot, logical to reactor characteristic Amount, power, fuel combustion etc.) regulation.The central core that wherein fuel assembly is switched is configured in reactor vessel.Fuel Component includes fission nuclear fuel component and can produce the nuclear fuel assembly of fissile material.The generally centrally located core of reaction controlling component For regulation reactor characteristic in body.

The fission energy limited by standing wave forms heat energy, and the heat energy is through one or more Main Coolant loops and centre Coolant loop is continuously delivered to steam generator to generate electricity, and Low Temperature Thermal is arranged by one group of water-cooled vacuum condenser Remove.Coolant system is separated into Main Coolant loop and intercoolant loop helps to maintain core body and Main Coolant loop Integrality.In TWR, Main Coolant loop and intercoolant loop are both using Liquid Sodium as cooling agent.

Utility model content

On the one hand, a kind of reactor system is the utility model is related to, the reactor system includes：Reactor vessel；Instead Heap top cover is answered, the reactor lid is configured on reactor vessel；Returned with main sodium processing system supply pipe and main sodium processing system Return pipe, wherein each of main sodium processing system supply pipe and main sodium processing system recurrent canal all penetrate reactor lid, and And the length extended below reactor lid of wherein main sodium processing system supply pipe exists than main sodium processing system recurrent canal The length length of extension below reactor lid.In one example, the reactor system have configuration in reactor vessel and Direct heat exchanger below reactor lid, the wherein direct heat exchanger include configuring below reactor lid Entrance and exit, and the wherein entrance of direct heat exchanger is located at below reactor lid and is more than main sodium processing system supply pipe The length extended below reactor lid distance at.In another example, the reactor system includes：Configuration is being reacted Heap container and the intermediate heat exchanger below reactor lid, the wherein intermediate heat exchanger include configuring in reactor Entrance and exit below top cover, and wherein the entrance of intermediate heat exchanger is located at below reactor lid than direct heat exchange At the big distance of the distance below reactor lid of the entrance of device.In another example, the reactor system includes penetrating A pair of direct reactor cooling tubes that reactor lid and the opening position in reactor vessel are connected with direct heat exchanger. In yet another example, the reactor system includes penetrating reactor lid and the opening position in reactor vessel and centre A pair of intermediate heat delivery pipes of heat exchanger connection.

In another example of above-mentioned aspect, the outlet of direct heat exchanger is located at the ratio intermediate heat below reactor lid The entrance of exchanger is located at the big distance of the distance below reactor lid.In one example, intermediate heat exchanger includes Four intermediate heat exchangers.In another example, it is (interior also to include boss portion of the configuration in reactor vessel for the reactor system Portion's container/redan, redan), wherein at least a portion of intermediate heat exchanger is configured below the boss portion.In another example In son, intermediate heat exchanger is coated with boronated steel at least in part.In yet another example, the diameter of intermediate heat exchanger it is big About half is wrapped by.In another example, only part of the configuration of intermediate heat exchanger above boss portion is coated with boronated steel.

Brief description of the drawings

Forming a part of accompanying drawing of the present utility model below is illustrative for described technology and not anticipates The scope of the technology of patent right is required in limitation in any way, the scope should be based on claim appended herein.

Fig. 1 shows some basic building blocks of traveling wave reactor in form of a block diagram.

Fig. 2 is the partial side sectioned view of traveling wave reactor.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 shows some basic building blocks of traveling wave reactor (TWR) 100 in form of a block diagram.In general, TRW100 includes Accommodate the reactor core body 102 of multiple fuel assembly (not shown).Core body 102, which configures, is keeping the liquid sodium cooling of certain volume In the pond 104 of agent 106.Pond 104 is referred to as hot pond and with higher than also accommodating surrounding's cold drop 108 of Liquid Sodium cooling agent 106 Sodium temperature (being attributed to by energy caused by the fuel assembly in reactor core body 102).Hot pond 104 passes through boss portion 110 Separated with cold drop 108.The headroom 112 of the ullage of sodium cooling agent 106 is filled with the inert protective gas of such as argon gas. Reactor vessel 114 surrounds reactor core body 102, hot pond 104 and cold drop 108, and is sealed using reactor lid 116.Instead Heap top cover 116 is answered to provide the various maintenance points led in the inside of reactor vessel 114.

The size of reactor core body 102 is selected based on Multiple factors, including the characteristic of fuel, desired generated energy, can Space of reactor 100 of acquisition etc..TWR various examples as needed or can it is expected to be used for low-power (about 300MW_e- about 500MW_e), middle power (about 500MW_e- about 1000MW_e) and high power (about 1000MW_eMore than) application in.Can be by core body 102 surroundings set unshowned one or more reflectors to return to neutron reflection in core body 102 to improve reactor 100 Performance.In addition, can produce fissile material and fissible nuclear component moves (or " switching ") to control in core body 102 and around it Make the nuclear reaction wherein occurred.

Sodium cooling agent 106 circulates via main sodium cooling agent pump 118 in container 114.Main coolant pump 118 is from cold drop 108 Aspirate sodium cooling agent 106 and it is ejected into pumping chamber (plenum) below reactor core body 102.The quilt of cooling agent 106 Drive upwardly through core body and be heated due to the reaction occurred in reactor core body 102.Heated cooling agent 106 from Hot pond 104 enters (multiple) intermediate heat exchanger 120, and leaves intermediate heat exchanger 120 and reenter cold drop 108.This Kind of Main Coolant loop 122 thus sodium cooling agent 106 is circulated completely in reactor vessel 114.

Intermediate heat exchanger 120 combines and is physically separate from all the time with main sodium pond 104 and 108 that (that is, intermediate sodium and main sodium be forever Far from mixing) one section of Liquid Sodium closed loop.Heat (is fully accommodated in by intermediate heat exchanger 120 from Main Coolant loop 122 In container 114) it is delivered to intercoolant loop 124 (being positioned only part in container 114).Intermediate heat exchanger 120 passes through Boss portion 110, so as to bridge hot pond 104 and cold drop 108 (to allow the sodium 106 in Main Coolant loop 122 to flow therebetween It is dynamic).In one example, four intermediate heat exchangers 120 are distributed in container 114.Or heat exchange among two or six Device 120 is distributed in container 114.

Intercoolant loop 124 makes the sodium cooling agent 126 through pipeline disengaging container 114 be followed via reactor lid 116 Ring.Middle sodium pump 128 positioned at the outside of reactor vessel 114 circulates sodium cooling agent 126.Heat is from Main Coolant loop 122 Sodium cooling agent 106 be delivered to the sodium cooling agent 126 of the intercoolant loop 124 in intermediate heat exchanger 120.Cooling during rolling The sodium cooling agent 126 of agent loop 124 passes through multiple pipes 130 in intermediate heat exchanger 120.These pipes 130 keep Main Coolant The sodium cooling agent 106 of loop 122 separates with the sodium cooling agent 126 of intercoolant loop 124, while transmits heat therebetween Energy.

Direct heat exchanger 132 extends into hot pond 104 and generally in case of emergency into Main Coolant loop 122 Sodium cooling agent 106 provide cooling.Direct heat exchanger 132 is configured to allow for sodium cooling agent 106 to be entered and left from hot pond 104 Heat exchanger 132.Direct heat exchanger 132 has the structure similar to intermediate heat exchanger 120, wherein the pipe 134 is kept Direct heat exchanger cooling agent sodium-potassium eutectic of the sodium of Main Coolant loop 122 and direct reactor coolant loop 138 (NaK) 136 separate, while transferring heat energy therebetween.

Other assisted reaction pile elements (in reactor vessel 114 and outside reactor vessel 114) include But it is not limited to be not shown but will become apparent to pump to those skilled in the art, be check-valves, stop valve, flange, hydrophobic Groove etc..Through reactor lid 116 other through hole (for example, port, inertia protection gas for main refrigerant pump 118 Body and inspection port, sodium processing port and protective gas port etc.) it is not shown.Control system 140 is used to controlling and monitoring composition The various components and system of reactor 100.

Broadly, the utility model describes the configuration for the performance for improving the reactor 100 described in Fig. 1.Specifically, it is hot Example, configuration and the arrangement of exchanger and be used in processing sodium cooling agent circulation pipe be illustrated and below with reference to Fig. 2 is more fully described.

Fig. 2 is the partial side sectioned view of traveling wave reactor 200.Reactor 200 includes reactor vessel 202 and with close Envelope reactor 200 and provide for managing, the reactor lid 204 of the through hole of sensor and other components is top.Thermodynamic barrier 206 configurations are below reactor lid 204 and are configured with through hole to allow multiple pipes or other components to pass through.Main sodium Processing system 300 is located remotely from reactor vessel 202 and the fission product for removing such as caesium from sodium cooling agent.Main sodium Processing system 300 makes the sodium from the suction of hot pond 208 cycle through one or more caesium collectors and then makes the sodium after processing Cooling agent returns to hot pond 208.Therefore, main sodium processing system 300 is anti-using extending below reactor lid 204 and extending into Answer two or more pipes of the inside of heap container 202.

Main sodium processing system supply pipe 210 is illustrated in fig. 2 together with main sodium processing system recurrent canal 212.Supply Pipe 210 and recurrent canal 212 are shown as each other pressing close in reactor vessel 202, but should typically be arranged to limitation processing Sodium afterwards is returned in supply pipe 210 from the short circuit of recurrent canal 212.It is contemplated that a variety of such configurations for preventing short circuit. In one example, supply pipe 210 and recurrent canal 212 can be located at the relative or substantially relative both sides of reactor vessel (for example, radially Ground is separately up to about 180 °).

In another example, as shown in Fig. 2 supply pipe 210 and recurrent canal 212 closely configure each other, but with difference Length (thus extending different distance below reactor lid 204).As illustrated, recurrent canal 212 terminates at basal plane --- this It is the bottom surface 214 of reactor lid 204 in the case of kind --- at the first distance D1 of lower section.Supply pipe 210 is terminated under basal plane At the second distance D2 of side.Therefore, supply pipe 210 is taken out from the inside of reactor vessel 202 --- specifically hot pond 208 --- Sodium is inhaled, and it is transported to caesium collector to be handled.After the treatment, the sodium after relatively cold processing then via Recurrent canal 212 is delivered back into hot pond 208.Sodium after the colder, processing is later fallen into hot pond, and then it is heated to heat The temperature in pond 208, thus strengthen the Natural Circulation in hot pond 208 and mixing.The heating of sodium is due in reactor vessel 202 (specifically, in core body 216) occur nuclear reaction and occur.

Main sodium processing system 300 is by high capacity pump (for example, the siphon from reactor vessel 202 via supply pipe 210 Sodium cooling agent) driving, the high capacity pump is with about 300 gallon per minute of capacity.First distance D1 and second distance D2 difference should The risk that sodium after being enough to reduce return, processing is drained into supply pipe 210 from recurrent canal 212.In the example shown, between being somebody's turn to do Away from can be about 3 meters, about 5 meters or about 7 meters.In another example, the spacing can be about 5.5 meters.It is contemplated that it is other separate away from From.Consider other factorses when measuring the first distance D1 and second distance D2.For example, it may be desirable to when reactor holds with 100% (consider thermal expansion of sodium etc.) under the liquid level of sodium of the first distance D1 in hot pond 108 during amount operation.Second distance D2 should In reactor vessel 202 on the minimum level of acceptable sodium so that main sodium processing system 300 is not by the sodium of container 208 liquid level can still remove caesium (and the heat of bottom line in the case of being pumped under minimum cooling liquid level from sodium cooling agent Amount).Because the direct cooling of the sodium in reactor vessel 202 is performed by direct heat exchanger 218, so by direct heat exchanger 218 entrance 220 is positioned at the refrigerating function for contributing to preserve direct heat exchanger 218 at the 3rd distance D3.Because the Under the second distance D2 of supply pipe, second distance D2 is being preserved needed for the cooling in reactor vessel 202 three distance D3 On minimum sodium height.

Below reactor lid 204, one or more direct heat exchangers are also configured with reactor vessel 202 218.Direct heat exchanger 218 includes the entrance 220 for being used for the relatively hot sodium that position is higher in reactor vessel 202.Should Entrance 220 is configured at the 3rd distance D3 bigger than second distance D2 below the basal plane；Therefore, entrance 220 is in main sodium processing system Under the height of supply pipe 210.The outlet 222 relatively cold sodium of direct heat exchanger 218 (be used for have been subjected to) is located at than the At the 5th big three distance D3 distance D5.Direct reactor cooling tube (being illustrated in Fig. 1 as 136) and direct heat exchanger 218 connect and allow the direct cooling of the sodium in reactor vessel 202 as described above for safety or other purposes.

Below reactor lid 204, one or more intermediate heat exchangers are also configured with reactor vessel 202 224.Intermediate heat exchanger 224 includes the entrance 226 for being used for the relatively hot sodium that position is higher in reactor vessel 202.Should Entrance 226, which configures, to be compared below basal plane at the 4th big distance D4 of the 3rd distance D3；Therefore, entrance 226 is leading to directly heat friendship Under the height of the entrance 220 of parallel operation 218.Outlet 228 (being used for the relatively cold sodium for having been subjected to intermediate heat exchanger 224) position At the sixth distance D6 bigger than the 4th distance D4, and in cold drop 230.Intermediate heat pipe (shows as 126 in Fig. 1 Go out) it is connected with being located away from the electricity generation system of reactor vessel 202 (and being illustrated in Fig. 1 as 123).Heat-transfer pipe is anti- Answer and be connected in heap container 202 with intermediate heat exchanger 224.

With nuclear reaction occurs in core body 216, a large amount of neutrons are launched therefrom.These neutrons, which can activate, to be cycled through Between heat exchanger 225 and be recycled to the sodium of steam generating system, this is undesirable.Therefore, intermediate heat exchanger 224 is shielded To prevent this activation.In one example, stainless steel can be used as the outer cover of intermediate heat exchanger 224 for shielding. However, fully shielding will need thick stainless steel outer wall, will change in long-term its characteristic after reaction.Therefore, carried The technology gone out is contemplated using boronated steel intermediate heat exchanger 224 and the NEUTRON EMISSION from reactor core body 216 to be shielded.

Boronated steel can use the form for the sheath 232 for partially or completely surrounding intermediate heat exchanger 224.Boronated steel can profit The stainless steel outer cover of intermediate heat exchanger 224 is soldered to the welding technique for the leafing for preventing sheath 232.Boron is carried in order to limit Change the overall size of the intermediate heat exchanger 224 of steel sheath 232, sheath 232 can be installed only at a part of intermediate heat exchanger 224 Around.For example, sheath 232 can cover intermediate heat exchanger 224 at least in part with reactor core body 216 to region (that is, intermediate heat exchanger 224 by exposed to the part for the neutron bombardment launched from core body 216).It can calculate along intermediate heat These NEUTRON EMISSIONs at the diverse location of the height of exchanger 224, and sheath 232 may extend under reactor lid 204 Position at the predetermined 7th distance D7 of side, to ensure fully to shield.In one example, the 7th distance D7 can be more than and represent Lead to the 4th distance D4 of the entrance 226 of intermediate heat exchanger 224.

In addition, boronation steel sheath 232 can extend downwardly into the boss portion 234 that Jiang Rechi 208 separates with cold drop 230 Position.NEUTRON EMISSION into cold drop 230 is not easy to influence the part configured wherein of intermediate heat exchanger 224；Therefore, shield It is not required, but shielding can be included in the case of needing or be desired in a particular application.

It should be understood that the disclosure is not limited to specific structure, processing step or material disclosed herein, but extend to association area Skilled artisan will realize that their equivalent.It should also be understood that term used herein has merely for the sake of description The purpose of style, and be not intended to be limited.It must be noted that as used in this manual, singulative " one ", "one" and it is " described " include plural number reference, unless separately expressly stating otherwise within a context.

It is evident that system and method described herein be well suited for realizing the objects and advantages mentioned and Wherein intrinsic objects and advantages.Those skilled in the art will recognize that the method and system in this specification can be used and permitted Multimode is implemented and therefore should not limited by the embodiment and example of foregoing illustrative.In this respect, different examples described herein Any number of feature of son is combined into an example and with more than whole feature described herein or few feature Alternate examples are possible.

Although describing various examples for the purpose of this utility model, various changes and modifications can be made, it is very Well in the scope contemplated by the disclosure.Those skilled in the art, which can be made, will arbitrarily expect and covered in this Many other changes in the spirit of utility model.

Claims (11)

1. A kind of 1. reactor system, it is characterised in that including：

   Reactor vessel；

   Reactor lid, the reactor lid configuration is on the reactor vessel；With

   Main sodium processing system supply pipe and main sodium processing system recurrent canal, wherein the main sodium processing system supply pipe and the master Each of sodium processing system recurrent canal all penetrates the reactor lid, and wherein described main sodium processing system supply pipe The length extended below the reactor lid than the main sodium processing system recurrent canal under the reactor lid Fang Yanshen length length.
2. 2. reactor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：

   The direct heat exchanger in the reactor vessel and below the reactor lid is configured, wherein described direct Heat exchanger includes configuring the entrance and exit below the reactor lid, and wherein described direct heat exchanger Entrance, which is located at below the reactor lid, is more than prolonging below the reactor lid for the main sodium processing system supply pipe At the distance for the length stretched.
3. 3. reactor system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include：

   The intermediate heat exchanger in the reactor vessel and below the reactor lid is configured, wherein the centre Heat exchanger includes configuring the entrance and exit below the reactor lid, and wherein described intermediate heat exchanger Entrance be located at below the reactor lid than the direct heat exchanger entrance below the reactor lid away from From place with a distance from big.
4. 4. reactor system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include penetrate the reactor lid and A pair of direct reactor cooling tubes that opening position in the reactor vessel is connected with the direct heat exchanger.
5. 5. reactor system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include penetrate the reactor lid and A pair of intermediate heat delivery pipes that opening position in the reactor vessel is connected with the intermediate heat exchanger.
6. 6. reactor system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the outlet of the direct heat exchanger is positioned at described Below reactor lid at the distance bigger than the distance that the entrance of the intermediate heat exchanger is located at below the reactor lid.
7. 7. reactor system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the intermediate heat exchanger includes four intermediate heats Exchanger.
8. 8. reactor system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include configuration in the reactor vessel Boss portion, wherein at least a portion of the intermediate heat exchanger is configured below the boss portion.
9. 9. reactor system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the intermediate heat exchanger coats at least in part There is boronated steel.
10. 10. reactor system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the diameter of the intermediate heat exchanger is about Half is wrapped by.
11. 11. reactor system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the configuration of only described intermediate heat exchanger is in institute State the part above boss portion and be coated with boronated steel.