CN206946104U - A kind of head-mounted display apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of head-mounted display apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN206946104U CN206946104U CN201720875113.5U CN201720875113U CN206946104U CN 206946104 U CN206946104 U CN 206946104U CN 201720875113 U CN201720875113 U CN 201720875113U CN 206946104 U CN206946104 U CN 206946104U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, including：Housing, the off-axis optical system being arranged in housing, off-axis optical system include free surface lens, lens group, image display；The image light sent on image display successively the refraction through lens group, after the reflection of free surface lens enter wear formula display device to the end wearer eye in so that wearer watches described image；Lens group includes N number of non-spherical lens, two non-spherical lens located off-axis of arbitrary neighborhood, wherein, N is the positive integer more than 2 and less than 6, and N number of non-spherical lens also meets at least one in following condition：The off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30 °；Deviation distance between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30mm.The global design of above-mentioned off-axis optical system, be advantageous to the advantage that head-mounted display apparatus possesses in light weight, small volume and the big angle of visual field.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to and wear display technical field of imaging, more particularly to a kind of head-mounted display apparatus.
Background technology
In recent years, apply the optical presentation system in head-mounted display apparatus with the development in the fields such as optics, electronics and
Swift and violent development has been obtained, has worn combination of the optical presentation system by display, optical lens, has made one that screen can be watched
Information.
Due to can be greatly improved optical system exit pupil diameter and emergent pupil away from and can more reasonably distributing
Weight, off-axis formula optical presentation system are more and more applied in head-mounted display apparatus.And for wearing display device, it is
Meet that with extraneous different scenes interact, preferable off-axis optical system the big angle of visual field should be met, it is in light weight, with well
The features such as comfort level.
Current wears in display device, in order to correct aberration, ensures quality of optical imaging, the optics of off-axis optical system
The quantity of component is more, the deficiency that size is big, weight is heavy, is unfavorable for wearing be present, and in a fairly large number of of optical module
In the case of, off-axis optical system global design is complex, by the multifactor impact of off-axis optical system global design, it is not easy to
Meet the big angle of visual field.
To sum up, there is do not possess weight for the global design of the off-axis optical system of head-mounted display apparatus in the prior art
Gently, the technical problem of small volume and the big angle of visual field.
Utility model content
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, shows solving wear-type in the prior art and sets
Do not possess the technical problem of in light weight, small volume and the big angle of visual field existing for standby off-axis optical system.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, including：Housing, the off-axis light being arranged in housing
System, the off-axis optical system include free surface lens, lens group, image display；
The image light sent on described image display reflecting through the lens group, the free surface lens successively
Entered after reflection in the eye of the wearer of the head-mounted display apparatus, so that the wearer watches described image；
The lens group includes N number of non-spherical lens, two non-spherical lens located off-axis of arbitrary neighborhood, its
In, N is the positive integer more than 2 and less than 6；N number of non-spherical lens also meets at least one in following condition：
The off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30 °；
Deviation distance between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30mm.
Further, the free surface lens are relative to the housing located off-axis, the free surface lens from
Shaft angle degree is 30 °~50 °.
The diagonal angles of visual field when wearer watches described image is 50 °~60 °；Wherein, the diagonal linear field
Angle is maximum visual angle of the sight along the diagonal of described image when the wearer watches described image.
Further, the ratio at horizontal field of view angle and vertical field of view angle when the wearer watches described image is 5:4；
Wherein, the horizontal field of view angle is horizontal direction of the sight along described image when the wearer watches described image
Maximum visual angle, the vertical field of view angle is Vertical Square of the sight along described image when the wearer watches the reflected image
To maximum visual angle.
In optional embodiment, minimum airspace between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood for 1mm~
10mm。
In optional embodiment, the vertical height of the off-axis optical system is 100mm~210mm.
In optional embodiment, the distance of exit pupil of the off-axis optical system is not less than 50mm.
In optional embodiment, the free surface lens and the material of the lens group are resin material.
In optional embodiment, one of them in N number of non-spherical lens is balsaming lens, the balsaming lens by
One convex lens and a concavees lens gluing form.
In optional embodiment, the lens group includes 3 non-spherical lenses, and 3 non-spherical lenses are along close to institute
State the direction of free surface lens includes the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens successively, its
In, first non-spherical lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens are convex lens, and second non-spherical lens is the glue
Close lens.
In optional embodiment, the lens group includes 4 non-spherical lenses, and 4 non-spherical lenses are along close to institute
State the directions of free surface lens includes the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens and the successively
Four non-spherical lenses；Wherein, first non-spherical lens is positive lens, second non-spherical lens and the 4th aspheric
Face lens are convex lens, and the 3rd non-spherical lens is the balsaming lens.
In optional embodiment, the lens group includes 5 non-spherical lenses, and 5 non-spherical lenses are along close to institute
State the direction of free surface lens includes the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens, the 4th successively
Non-spherical lens and the 5th non-spherical lens；Wherein, first non-spherical lens and the 5th non-spherical lens are just saturating
Mirror, second non-spherical lens and the 4th non-spherical lens are convex lens, and the 3rd non-spherical lens is the glue
Close lens.
In above-described embodiment, global design is carried out by the off-axis optical system of head-mounted display device, ensure from
It is off-axis between the non-spherical lens in lens group by adjusting on the basis of lens number in axle optical system is as few as possible
Angle and deviation distance lift the angle of visual field of the off-axis optical system in head-mounted display apparatus, especially in lens group
When the number of non-spherical lens is 3 to 5, at least meet that the off-axis angle between the non-spherical lens of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than
When 30 ° of deviation distances between the non-spherical lens of arbitrary neighborhood are not more than at least one condition in 30mm, be advantageous to whole
Individual off-axis optical system possesses in light weight, small volume and the big angle of visual field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are a kind of partial structural diagram for head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 1 b are a kind of partial structural diagram for head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment provides
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment one provides；
Fig. 3 is the light channel structure of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment one provides
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the MTF curve of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment one provides
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the partial structural diagram for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment two provides；
Fig. 6 is the light channel structure of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment two provides
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the MTF curve of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment two provides
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the partial structural diagram for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment three provides；
Fig. 9 is the light channel structure of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment three provides
Schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the MTF curve of the off-axis optical system in the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment three provides
Schematic diagram.
Embodiment
A kind of head-mounted display apparatus provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the utility model embodiment illustrates.
For off-axis optical system, size, weight and the size of the angle of visual field and the entirety of off-axis optical system are set
In respect of pass, influence factor includes multiple, such as off-axis optical system interior len number, and the focal length of lens, and lens it
Between structure design, size design etc..While in order to lift the angle of visual field, reduce the volume of whole off-axis optical system, this reality
Global design is carried out with the off-axis optical system of new head-mounted display device, a lens in off-axis optical system is ensured
On the basis of number lacks as far as possible, the off-axis optics in head-mounted display apparatus are lifted by adjusting the off-axis angle between lens
The angle of visual field of system, while ensure compact-sized between the lens of whole off-axis optical system.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, including：Housing, the off-axis light being arranged in housing
System, off-axis optical system include free surface lens, lens group, image display, the image sent on image display
Light successively the refraction through lens group, after the reflection of free surface lens enter wear formula display device to the end wearer eye in,
So that wearer watches described image；Wherein, lens group includes N number of non-spherical lens, and two of arbitrary neighborhood are aspherical
Lens located off-axis, and free surface lens located off-axis, wherein, N is the positive integer more than 2 and less than 6.
Because the exit pupil diameter and distance of exit pupil of off-axis optical system are larger, and free surface lens are off-axis, in order to
Ensure the reasonability of structure, the axis (or vertical line of axis) that can design lens group each two adjacent lens has certain angle
The skew of the skew of degree, vertically position.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the number of the non-spherical lens in lens group meets 3 to 5, and 3 to 5 non-
When spherical lens meets that the off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30 °, be advantageous to whole off-axis
Optical system possesses in light weight, small volume and the big angle of visual field.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the number of the non-spherical lens in lens group meets 3 to 5, and 3 to 5 non-
When spherical lens meets that the deviation distance between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30mm, be advantageous to whole
Off-axis optical system possesses in light weight, small volume and the big angle of visual field.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the number of the non-spherical lens in lens group meets 3 to 5, and 3 to 5 non-
Spherical lens meets：The off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30 ° and meets arbitrary neighborhood
Two non-spherical lenses between deviation distance when being not more than 30mm, be advantageous to whole off-axis optical system and possess weight
Gently, small volume and the big angle of visual field.
Below so that lens group includes 3 non-spherical lenses as an example, illustrate the off-axis angle of each two non-spherical lens, and
The deviation distance of each two non-spherical lens, and the offset direction of each two non-spherical lens.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is true in the following manner
It is fixed：The off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is the angle of the vertical line of the axis of two non-spherical lenses, its
In, vertical direction is the Y direction of coordinate system where off-axis optical system.It is inclined between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood
Spacing of the separation from the adjacent surface for two non-spherical lenses vertically.
As shown in Figure 1a, the Z-direction of coordinate system where off-axis optical system is vertical with exit pupil diameter 2, off-axis optics system
The Y direction of coordinate system where system is at eye level for the people of the wearer of head-mounted display apparatus perpendicular to Z-direction, Z-direction
Horizontal direction during front, Y direction are gravity direction, and X-direction is vertical with YOZ planes.Off-axis optics system shown in Fig. 1 a
The lens group of system includes non-spherical lens S1, non-spherical lens S2, non-spherical lens S3, and non-spherical lens S1 shows close to image
Show that device 1 is set, non-spherical lens S3 is set close to free surface lens S4, and non-spherical lens S2 is located at non-spherical lens S1 and non-
Between spherical lens S3.Wherein, mutual located off-axis between non-spherical lens S1, non-spherical lens S2, non-spherical lens S3, from
By curve lens S4 located off-axis, the off-axis angle between non-spherical lens S1 and non-spherical lens S2 is θ 1, non-spherical lens
Off-axis angle between S2 and non-spherical lens S3 is θ 2, wherein, θ 1 is the vertical line and aspheric of non-spherical lens S1 axis
The angle of the vertical line of face lens S2 axis, θ 2 are axle of the vertical line with non-spherical lens S3 of non-spherical lens S2 axis
The angle of the vertical line of line.Here off-axis angle refers to absolute value, and does not include offset direction.Wherein, the utility model is real
Apply in example, the vertical line of non-spherical lens S1 axis, the vertical line of non-spherical lens S2 axis, non-spherical lens S3 axle
The vertical line of line includes being not limited to example in Fig. 1 a, what example went out in Fig. 1 a formed off-axis angle θ 1, θ 2 it is aspherical
The vertical line of mirror S1 axis, the vertical line of non-spherical lens S2 axis, the vertical line of non-spherical lens S3 axis are only
One kind therein.
Off-axis angle in the utility model embodiment is not limited to the definition on off-axis angle in above-described embodiment, makees
For one of alternative embodiment, the off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood can also be the axle of two non-spherical lenses
The angle of line, as shown in Figure 1 b, the global design of the off-axis optical system in Fig. 1 b are identical with Fig. 1 a, but non-spherical lens
Off-axis angle between S1 and non-spherical lens S2 is θ 3, and the off-axis angle between non-spherical lens S2 and non-spherical lens S3 is
θ 4, wherein, the angle of axis and non-spherical lens S2 axis that θ 3 is non-spherical lens S1, θ 4 is non-spherical lens S2 axle
The angle of line and non-spherical lens S3 axis.Wherein, the θ 3 in Fig. 1 b is equal with the θ 1 in Fig. 1 a, the θ 4 in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 a
In θ 2 it is equal.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the deviation distance of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is true in the following manner
It is fixed：
Still by taking the off-axis optical system shown in Fig. 1 a as an example, the lens group of the off-axis optical system shown in Fig. 1 a includes aspheric
Face lens S1, non-spherical lens S2, non-spherical lens S3, and non-spherical lens S1 is set close to image display 1, it is aspherical
Mirror S3 is set close to free surface lens S4, and non-spherical lens S2 is between non-spherical lens S1 and non-spherical lens S3.Its
In, non-spherical lens S1, non-spherical lens S2, mutual located off-axis between non-spherical lens S3, free surface lens S4 is off-axis
Set, non-spherical lens S1 is d1 along the deviation distance in Y direction relative to non-spherical lens S2, and non-spherical lens S2 is relative
Along the deviation distance in Y direction it is d2 in non-spherical lens S3, deviation distance here refers to absolute value, does not include deviateing
Direction.
Wherein, the position B that d1 is position A and the non-spherical lens S2 on non-spherical lens S1 is along the distance in Y direction.
The position D that d2 is position C and the non-spherical lens S3 on non-spherical lens S2 is along the distance in Y direction.Position A refers to aspheric
With non-spherical lens S1 adjacent to the position of intersecting point of non-spherical lens S2 lens surface, position B refers to non-face lens S1 axis
Position of intersecting point of the spherical lens S2 axis with non-spherical lens S2 adjacent to non-spherical lens S1 lens surface, position C refer to
Position of intersecting point of the non-spherical lens S2 axis with non-spherical lens S2 adjacent to non-spherical lens S3 lens surface, position D are
Refer to position of intersecting point of the non-spherical lens S3 axis with non-spherical lens S3 adjacent to non-spherical lens S2 lens surface.
Deviation distance in the utility model embodiment is not limited to the definition on deviation distance in above-described embodiment, makees
For one of alternative embodiment, the deviation distances of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood can also be the saturating of two non-spherical lenses
The spacing of mirror center vertically, as shown in Figure 1 b, another definition of deviation distance for convenience of description, in Fig. 1 b from
The global design of axle optical system is identical with Fig. 1 a, and non-spherical lens S1 is relative to non-spherical lens S2 along in Y direction
Deviation distance be d3, non-spherical lens S2 is d4 along the deviation distance in Y direction relative to non-spherical lens S3.Wherein,
D3 is non-spherical lens S1 lens centre O1 and non-spherical lens S2 lens centre O2 along the distance in Y direction.D4 is
Non-spherical lens S2 lens centre O2 and non-spherical lens S3 lens centre O3 are along the distance in Y direction.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the offset direction of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood, in the following manner really
It is fixed：
Still by taking the off-axis optical system shown in Fig. 1 a as an example, using the vertical line of non-spherical lens S3 axis as line of reference 1,
If the angle of the line rotate counterclockwise θ 2 on the basis of the line of reference 1 (or parallel lines of line of reference 1) obtains non-spherical lens S2
Axis vertical line, then non-spherical lens S2 relative to non-spherical lens S3 offset direction for forward direction.If with aspherical
The vertical line of mirror S2 axis is line of reference 2, and line revolves counterclockwise on the basis of the line of reference 2 (or parallel lines of line of reference 2)
Turn θ 1 angle obtain non-spherical lens S1 axis vertical line, then non-spherical lens S1 is relative to the inclined of non-spherical lens S2
It is forward direction from direction.
Accordingly, if turn clockwise θ 2 angle of line obtains on the basis of the line of reference 1 (or parallel lines of line of reference 1)
To the vertical line of non-spherical lens S2 axis, then non-spherical lens S2 is negative relative to non-spherical lens S3 offset direction
To.If using the vertical line of non-spherical lens S2 axis as line of reference 2, it is with the line of reference 2 (or parallel lines of line of reference 2)
Datum line turn clockwise θ 1 angle obtain non-spherical lens S1 axis vertical line, then non-spherical lens S1 is relative to non-
Spherical lens S2 offset direction is negative sense.In this example, the positive definition with negative sense is on the contrary can also.
Offset direction in the utility model embodiment is not limited to the definition on offset direction in above-described embodiment, and one
In kind alternative embodiment, the axis of the non-spherical lens of arbitrary neighborhood can also be made to determine offset direction respectively as reference line.
In a kind of alternative embodiment, the axis (or vertical line of axis) that can also will be close to the non-spherical lens of image display is made
It is either public with the axis (or vertical line of axis) of the non-spherical lens of close free surface lens for public line of reference
Line of reference, according to position relationship of the axis (or vertical line of axis) of each non-spherical lens between public line of reference,
Determine the offset direction of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood.
In a kind of optional embodiment, based on offset direction defined above, two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood
The scope of off-axis angle is -30 °~30 °, and the scope of the deviation distance between two lens of arbitrary neighborhood is -30mm~30mm.
In a kind of optional embodiment, in order that the structure between adjacent non-spherical lens is compacter, optionally, appoint
The off-axis angle of two adjacent non-spherical lenses of anticipating is not more than 10 °, the deviation between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood
Distance is not more than 10mm.
If adding offset direction, the scope of the off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood for -10 °~
10°.If adding offset direction, the scope of the deviation distance between two lens of arbitrary neighborhood is -10mm~10mm.
Except N number of non-spherical lens located off-axis in lens group, in the utility model embodiment, free surface lens
Located off-axis, and be relative to housing located off-axis.
Still by taking the off-axis optical system shown in Fig. 1 a as an example, free surface lens S4 off-axis angle is α 1, and α 1 is freely
The vertical line of curve lens S4 axis deviates the angle of Y direction.
The definition of free surface lens S4 off-axis angle is not limited to above-mentioned definition in the utility model embodiment, freely
Curve lens S4 off-axis angle also may be defined as the angle of free surface lens S4 axis runout Z-direction.With Fig. 1 b institutes
Exemplified by the off-axis optical system shown, the global design of the off-axis optical system in Fig. 1 b is identical with Fig. 1 a, but free form surface
Eyeglass S4 off-axis angle is α 2, and α 2 is the angle of free surface lens S4 axis runout Z-direction, and the α's 2 in Fig. 1 b is big
α's 1 in the small a with Fig. 1 is equal in magnitude.
In optional embodiment, the off-axis angle of free surface lens is 30 °~50 °, on this basis, can be designed off-axis
The distance of exit pupil of optical system is not less than 50mm.
In optional embodiment, functional membrane is coated with free surface lens, the transmitance and reflectivity of functional membrane meet to set
Certainty ratio, the image light sent on image display 1 successively the refraction through lens group, entered after the reflection of free surface lens
In the eye of the wearer of head-mounted display apparatus, so that wearer watches virtual image, meanwhile, sent from external environment condition
Natural light enters after the transmission of free surface lens in the eye for the wearer for wearing formula display device to the end, so that wearer sees
See external environmental information.
In optional embodiment, the transmitance of functional membrane and the ratio of reflectivity are 1:1, functional membrane is part reflective semitransparent film,
Free surface lens are equivalent to half-reflecting half mirror.
In optional embodiment, the ratio of transmitance and reflectivity can also take other values, and such as 3:7,4:6,2:8 etc., tool
Body can determine according to the actual demand of the global design of off-axis optical system.
For free surface lens, its face type meets below equation：
Wherein, z is the rise along Z-direction, and c is curvature, and r is the footpath in units of the long measure of free surface lens
To coordinate, and meet x2+y2=r2, r coordinate is along the coordinate value in X-direction, the rectangular coordinate system of Y direction establishment, k
For circular cone coefficient,For Zernike multinomials, AiFor Zernike multinomial coefficients, it is expanded into：
Wherein, Zernike multinomials item number is
In above-described embodiment, global design is carried out by the off-axis optical system of head-mounted display device, ensure from
It is off-axis between the non-spherical lens in lens group by adjusting on the basis of lens number in axle optical system is as few as possible
Angle and deviation distance lift the angle of visual field of the off-axis optical system in head-mounted display apparatus, especially meet in lens group
The number of non-spherical lens be 3 to 5, the off-axis angle between non-spherical lens is not more than 30 °, and deviation distance is not more than
During 30mm condition, be advantageous to the increase of the angle of visual field.
In the utility model embodiment, the image light that is sent on image display reflecting, be freely bent through lens group successively
Enter after the reflection of face eyeglass in the eye for the wearer for wearing formula display device to the end, so that wearer watches image.According to
The characteristics of visual angle in the horizontal direction is bigger than the visual angle of vertical direction when human eye watches image, wear in the utility model embodiment
Angle of visual field when person watches image includes horizontal field of view angle, vertical field of view angle and diagonal angles of visual field.Diagonal angles of visual field is pendant
Maximum visual angle of the sight along the diagonal of image when wearer watches image, horizontal field of view angle are that wearer regards when watching image
Maximum visual angle of the line along the horizontal direction of image, vertical field of view angle be when wearer watches reflected image sight along the vertical of image
The maximum visual angle in direction.For convenience of description herein horizontally and vertically, using wearer it was observed that image as two
Exemplified by tieing up image, horizontal direction can be understood as the width for the image that wearer observes, vertical direction can be understood as
The short transverse for the image that wearer observes.
Wherein, global design and image display of the diagonal angles of visual field with whole off-axis optical system are relevant, and level regards
The size of rink corner and vertical field of view angle with image display both horizontally and vertically is relevant.
In optional embodiment, the graphic alphanumeric display in the utility model embodiment is miniature image display, optionally
The size range of miniature image display is 0.59~0.7in, and the size of preferable miniature image display is 0.61in, this chi
The ratio of size both horizontally and vertically under very little is 5:4.
In the utility model embodiment, the number selection of the non-spherical lens in lens group is 3 to 5, and any two are adjacent
Non-spherical lens between off-axis angle be not more than 30 °, deviation distance be not more than 30mm, diagonal during wearer's viewing image
The size at linear field angle is up to 50 °~60 °；Further, the screen size selection of image display is 0.61in so that is worn
The ratio at horizontal field of view angle, vertical field of view angle when person watches image is 5:4, the entirety based on above-mentioned off-axis optical system is set
Meter, obtains MTF when optical cut-off is 33lp/mm>0.1, image quality meets eye resolution ratio.
In optional embodiment, in order that reasonable structure and compact dimensions between lens group interior len, in lens group
Minimum airspace between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is 1mm~10mm.
In optional embodiment, in order to control the size of overall optical system, the vertical height of off-axis optical system should be controlled
Make in 100mm~210mm, i.e. the difference in height of the peak of the center point of human eye exit pupil position and image display is 100mm
~210mm.Whole optical system it is reasonable in design on the basis of, make optical system height control in above range
Interior, it is light to be advantageous to head-mounted display apparatus, is advantageous to wear.
In the design of optical system, except meeting the big angle of visual field, it is in light weight the features such as, should also meet that user is using
When have good comfort level and with the performance that can interact of the external world, so as to meet different scenes, the use under different condition.
In optional embodiment, in order to increase the comfort level of user, while it is easy to user in more harsh environment
Middle use, the exit pupil diameter of off-axis optical system is not less than 15mm, and the distance of exit pupil of off-axis optical system is not less than 50mm.
On the basis of the design condition of previous embodiment, the exit pupil diameter of off-axis optical system is not less than 15mm, and distance of exit pupil is not small
In 50mm, the usage comfort of user can be increased, can also more reasonably dispensed weight, make one side at the moment and there was only a piece of thickness
The degree eyeglass suitable with concave lens thickness.Also the use range of optical system can be increased, show and set in wear-type except applying
It is standby, in the helmet, also can be applicable to wearing glasses or or mask in.
In order to further reduce the size of lens group, one in N number of non-spherical lens that lens group includes for it is glued thoroughly
Mirror, balsaming lens are formed by a convex lens and a concavees lens gluing, using balsaming lens, are advantageous to reduce the total of lens group
Thickness, because being increased without airspace.
In optional embodiment, the convex lens in balsaming lens are made by material of the Abbe number more than 50, concavees lens
It is made by material of the Abbe number less than 50, or, the concavees lens in balsaming lens are made by material of the Abbe number more than 50
Form, convex lens are made by material of the Abbe number less than 50.
In preferred embodiment, the overall focal power of balsaming lens be it is negative, such balsaming lens be integrally equivalent to one it is recessed
Lens, convex-concave convex combination is formed for positive non-spherical lens with front and rear adjacent focal power, can effectively improve optical system
Spherical aberration, coma, aberration etc..
By between the off-axis angle between two lens of arbitrary neighborhood in said lens group, deviation distance and minimum air
Every, the off-axis angle of free surface lens, the screen size of miniature image display, horizontal field of view angle, the ratio at vertical field of view angle
The control of example, the size of diagonal angles of visual field, the whole height of off-axis optical system, exit pupil diameter, distance of exit pupil etc., Ke Yibao
Off-axis optical system in card head-mounted display apparatus meets reasonable structure, light small property and the big angle of visual field.
It is aspherical in lens group in order to further control processing cost and batch production in optional embodiment
The material of lens and free surface lens is resin material, and such as PMMA, the cost of material is cheap, and processing technology is ripe, this
Sample can is produced in batches with injection molding.
In the installation process of lens group, structure tolerance can hardly be avoided, in order to ensure the structure tolerance of each lens institute band
The crosstalk come, the quantity of lens group interior len should try one's best less, in order to correct aberration, ensure quality of optical imaging, off-axis optics system
System can be made up of 3~5 non-spherical lenses, and the face type combination of 3~5 non-spherical lenses has various ways.
In optional embodiment, lens group includes 3 non-spherical lenses, and 3 non-spherical lenses are along close to free form surface mirror
The direction of piece includes the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens successively, wherein, first is aspherical
Lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens are convex lens, and the second non-spherical lens is balsaming lens, and the overall focal power of balsaming lens is
It is negative, equivalent to one concavees lens.
In optional embodiment, lens group includes 4 non-spherical lenses, and 4 non-spherical lenses are along close to free form surface mirror
The direction of piece includes the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens and the 4th non-spherical lens successively；
Wherein, the first non-spherical lens is positive lens, and the second non-spherical lens and the 4th non-spherical lens are convex lens, and the 3rd is aspherical
Lens are balsaming lens.
In optional embodiment, lens group includes 5 non-spherical lenses, and 5 non-spherical lenses are along close to free form surface mirror
The direction of piece successively include the first non-spherical lens, the second non-spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens, the 4th non-spherical lens and
5th non-spherical lens；Wherein, the first non-spherical lens and the 5th non-spherical lens are positive lens, the second non-spherical lens and
Four non-spherical lenses are convex lens, and the 3rd non-spherical lens is balsaming lens.
Content based on above-described embodiment, the example for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment provides is just like figure
Shown in 2, any off-axis optical system that head-mounted display apparatus includes is shown including free surface lens S4, lens group and image
Device 1, the inner space of head-mounted display apparatus also include the position of human eye that light path is formed with off-axis optical system, and position of human eye is used
Exit pupil diameter 2 represents.Wherein, lens group includes 3 non-spherical lenses, and this 3 non-spherical lenses are along towards free surface lens
S4 direction is followed successively by convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2 and convex lens S3.In this lens group, have one before and after balsaming lens S2
Individual convex lens, using the combination of convex lens, concavees lens, convex lens, it can effectively improve the spherical aberration, intelligent of optical system
Difference, dispersion.
In order to increase the comfort level of user, the exit pupil diameter of the off-axis optical system is not less than 15mm, and emergent pupil away from
Not less than 50mm.On this basis, in order that the overall angle of visual field of optical system increases, first, in convex lens S1, balsaming lens
In the lens group that S2 and convex lens S3 is formed, located off-axis is needed per two adjacent lens, and per two adjacent lens
Off-axis angle be not more than 10 °, be not more than 10mm per the deviation distances of two adjacent lens；Further, free form surface mirror
Piece S4 off-axis angle needs to control between 30 °~50 °, can guarantor observe the overall picture for observing reflected image, in the above
Under the control of condition, as shown in figure 3, the image light sent on image display 1 is successively through the convex lens S1 in lens group, gluing
Enter the eye for the wearer for wearing formula display device to the end after lens S2 and convex lens S3 refraction, free surface lens S4 reflection
In, so that wearer watches image, diagonal angles of visual field when wearer watches image can reach 55 °；Further
, the image display of selection should be miniature image display, and the screen-sized of the miniscope is preferably
0.61in so that horizontal field of view angle, the ratio at vertical field of view angle during wearer's viewing image are H:V=45 °：32 °, therefore,
In this embodiment, the global design of off-axis optical system can meet compact-sized, light small property and the big angle of visual field.
In addition, in order to ensure the reasonability of lens group structure and light small property, in lens group between each two adjacent lens
Minimum airspace should be controlled between 1mm~10mm, and the height of overall optical system is controlled in 100mm~210mm, example
Such as, for example, the difference in height of the center point of the apogee distance human eye exit pupil position of the screen of image display 1 100mm~
In 210mm.
In optional embodiment, in this lens group, convex lens S1 and balsaming lens S2, balsaming lens S2 and convex lens S3
Between off-axis angle, the design parameter of deviation distance, and the total height such as table 1 of off-axis optical system, wherein, in table 1
Data are that the definition based on the off-axis angle shown in Fig. 1 a, deviation distance determines.
Table 1
The above-mentioned design condition met based on off-axis optical system, the MTF curve of the off-axis optical system as shown in figure 4,
MTF curve is all very smooth from center to edge, picture transition naturally, the image quality gap from center to edge is smaller,
The rectification effect of the aberration of overall optical system, aberration etc. is preferable, when optical cut-off is 10lp/mm, MTF value base
This both greater than 0.8；When optical cut-off is 20lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than 0.6 substantially, and optical cut-off is
When 30lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than 0.3 substantially；When optical cut-off is 33lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than substantially
0.25, this explanation is under the control of embodiment above-mentioned condition, and the image quality of the off-axis optical system is very high, significantly larger than human eye
0.03 visually differentiated, meet the use demand of high imaging quality.
Content based on above-described embodiment, the example two for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment provides, such as
Shown in Fig. 5, any off-axis optical system that head-mounted display apparatus includes shows including free surface lens S4, lens group and image
Show device 1, the inner space of head-mounted display apparatus also includes the position of human eye that light path is formed with the off-axis optical system, human eye
Position exit pupil diameter 2 represents.Wherein, lens group includes 4 non-spherical lenses, and this 4 non-spherical lenses are freely bent along direction
Face eyeglass S4 direction is followed successively by positive lens S5, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2 and convex lens S3.
There are a convex lens in this lens group, before and after balsaming lens S2, utilize convex lens, concavees lens, convex lens
Combination, it can effectively improve the spherical aberration of optical system, coma, dispersion.And in the screen close to image display 1
Place, it be positive positive lens S5 to have a focal power, its act on predominantly optically focused, and positive lens S5 and convex lens S1 pass through it is certain
The skew of angle and position can also be played a part of correcting aberration.
In order to increase the comfort level of user, the exit pupil diameter of the off-axis optical system is not less than 15mm, and emergent pupil away from
Not less than 50mm.On this basis, in order that the overall angle of visual field of optical system increases, first, in positive lens S5, convex lens
In the lens group that S1, balsaming lens S2 and convex lens S3 are formed, located off-axis is needed per two adjacent lens, and per adjacent
The off-axis angles of two lens be not more than 30 °, be not more than 10mm per the deviation distances of two adjacent lens；Further,
Free surface lens S4 off-axis angle needs to control between 30 °~50 °, can guarantor observe and observe the complete of reflected image
Looks, under the control of conditions above, as shown in fig. 6, the image light sent on image display 1 is successively through just saturating in lens group
Enter after mirror S5, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3 refraction, free surface lens S4 reflection and wear formula to the end and show
In the eye for showing the wearer of equipment, so that wearer watches image, wearer watches diagonal angles of visual field energy during image
Enough reach 55 °；Further, the image display of selection should be miniature image display, the screen of the miniscope
Size is preferably 0.61in so that horizontal field of view angle, the ratio at vertical field of view angle during wearer's viewing image are H:V=
45°：32 °, therefore, in this embodiment, the global design of off-axis optical system can meet compact-sized, light small property and big
The angle of visual field.
In addition, in order to ensure the reasonability of lens group structure and light small property, in lens group between each two adjacent lens
Minimum airspace should be controlled between 1mm~10mm, and the height of overall optical system is controlled in 100mm~210mm, example
Such as, the difference in height of the center point of the apogee distance human eye exit pupil position of the screen of image display 1 is in 100mm~210mm
It is interior.
In optional embodiment, in this lens group, positive lens S5, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3 are adjacent
The design parameter of off-axis angle, deviation distance between lens, and the total height such as table 2 of off-axis optical system, wherein, in table 2
Data be based on the off-axis angle shown in Fig. 1 a, deviation distance definition determine.
Table 2
The above-mentioned design condition met based on off-axis optical system, the MTF curve of the off-axis optical system as shown in fig. 7,
MTF curve is all very smooth from center to edge, picture transition naturally, the image quality gap from center to edge is smaller,
The rectification effect of the aberration of overall optical system, aberration etc. is preferable, when optical cut-off is 10lp/mm, MTF value base
This both greater than 0.8；When optical cut-off is 20lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than 0.6 substantially, and optical cut-off is
When 30lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than 0.4 substantially；When optical cut-off is 33lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than substantially
0.4, this explanation is under the control of embodiment above-mentioned condition, and the image quality of the off-axis optical system is very high, significantly larger than human eye
0.03 visually differentiated, meet the use demand of high imaging quality.
Content based on above-described embodiment, the example three for the head-mounted display apparatus that the utility model embodiment provides, such as
Shown in Fig. 8, any off-axis optical system that head-mounted display apparatus includes shows including free surface lens S4, lens group and image
Show device 1, the inner space of head-mounted display apparatus also includes the position of human eye that light path is formed with the off-axis optical system, human eye
Position exit pupil diameter 2 represents.Wherein, lens group includes 5 non-spherical lenses, and this 5 non-spherical lenses are freely bent along direction
Face eyeglass S4 direction is followed successively by positive lens S5, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3 and positive lens S6.
There are a convex lens in this lens group, before and after balsaming lens S2, utilize convex lens, concavees lens, convex lens
Combination, can effectively improve the spherical aberration of optical system, coma, dispersion.At the screen of image display 1 just
Lens S5, can play a part of optically focused, and positive lens S5 and convex lens S1 can also be risen by the skew of certain angle and position
To the effect of correction aberration.Positive lens S6 and convex lens S3 close to free surface lens S4 place pass through certain angle and position
Skew can also be played a part of correcting aberration.
In order to increase the comfort level of user, the exit pupil diameter of the off-axis optical system is not less than 15mm, and emergent pupil away from
Not less than 50mm.On this basis, in order that the overall angle of visual field of optical system increases, first, in positive lens S5, convex lens
In the lens group that S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3 and positive lens S6 are formed, located off-axis is needed per two adjacent lens,
And the off-axis angle per two adjacent lens is not more than 30 °, the deviation distance per two adjacent lens is not more than 30mm；
Further, free surface lens S4 off-axis angle needs to control between 30 °~50 °, can guarantor observe observe it is anti-
The overall picture of image is penetrated, under the control of conditions above, as shown in figure 9, the image light sent on image display 1 is successively through lens
Positive lens S5 in group, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3 and positive lens S6 refraction, free surface lens S4
Enter after reflection in the eye for the wearer for wearing formula display device to the end, so that wearer watches image.Wearer watches figure
As when diagonal angles of visual field can reach 55 °；Further, the image display of selection should show for miniature image
Device, the screen-sized of the miniscope is preferably 0.61in so that wearer watch image when horizontal field of view angle, hang down
The ratio for looking at rink corner straight is H:V=45 °：32°.Therefore, in this embodiment, the global design of off-axis optical system can meet
Compact-sized, light small property and the big angle of visual field.
In addition, in order to ensure the reasonability of lens group structure and light small property, in lens group between each two adjacent lens
Minimum airspace should be controlled between 1mm~10mm, and the height of overall optical system is controlled in 100mm~210mm, example
Such as, the difference in height of the center point of the apogee distance human eye exit pupil position of the screen of image display 1 is in 100mm~210mm
It is interior.
In optional embodiment, in this lens group, positive lens S5, convex lens S1, balsaming lens S2, convex lens S3, just
Off-axis angle, the design parameter of deviation distance between lens S6 adjacent lens, and the total height such as table 3 of off-axis optical system,
Wherein, the data in table 2 are that the definition based on the off-axis angle shown in Fig. 1 a, deviation distance determines.
Table 3
The above-mentioned design condition met based on off-axis optical system, the MTF curve of off-axis optical system is as shown in Figure 10,
MTF curve is all very smooth from center to edge, picture transition naturally, the image quality gap from center to edge is smaller,
The rectification effect of the aberration of overall optical system, aberration etc. is preferable, when optical cut-off is 10lp/mm, MTF value base
This both greater than 0.8；When optical cut-off is 20lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than 0.5 substantially, and optical cut-off is
When 30lp/mm, MTF value is substantially close to 0.4, and when optical cut-off is 33lp/mm, MTF value is both greater than substantially
0.3.This explanation is under the control of embodiment above-mentioned condition, and the image quality of the off-axis optical system is very high, significantly larger than human eye
0.03 visually differentiated, meet the use demand of high imaging quality.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can to the utility model embodiment carry out it is various change and modification without departing from
Spirit and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the utility model embodiment belong to the application right and wanted
Ask and its equivalent technologies within the scope of, then the application be also intended to comprising these change and modification including.
Claims (12)
- A kind of 1. head-mounted display apparatus, it is characterised in that including：Housing, the off-axis optical system being arranged in housing are described Off-axis optical system includes free surface lens, lens group, image display；The image light sent on described image display reflecting through the lens group, the reflection of the free surface lens successively Enter afterwards in the eye of the wearer of the head-mounted display apparatus, so that the wearer watches described image；The lens group includes N number of non-spherical lens, two non-spherical lens located off-axis of arbitrary neighborhood, wherein, N is Positive integer more than 2 and less than 6；N number of non-spherical lens also meets at least one in following condition：The off-axis angle of two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30 °；Deviation distance between two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood is not more than 30mm.
- 2. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in thatThe free surface lens relative to the housing located off-axis, the off-axis angles of the free surface lens for 30 °~ 50°。
- 3. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in thatThe diagonal angles of visual field when wearer watches described image is 50 °~60 °；Wherein, the diagonal angles of visual field is Maximum visual angle of the sight along the diagonal of described image when the wearer watches described image.
- 4. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the wearer watches water during described image The ratio for looking squarely rink corner and vertical field of view angle is 5:4；Wherein, when the horizontal field of view angle is that the wearer watches described image Maximum visual angle of the sight along the horizontal direction of described image, the vertical field of view angle are that the wearer watches the reflected image When maximum visual angle of the sight along the vertical direction of described image.
- 5. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that two non-spherical lenses of arbitrary neighborhood Between minimum airspace be 1mm~10mm.
- 6. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the vertical height of the off-axis optical system is 100mm~210mm.
- 7. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the distance of exit pupil of the off-axis optical system is not Less than 50mm.
- 8. the head-mounted display apparatus as any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the free surface lens Material with the lens group is resin material.
- 9. the head-mounted display apparatus as any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that N number of non-spherical lens In one of them be balsaming lens, the balsaming lens is formed by a convex lens and a concavees lens gluing.
- 10. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the lens group is aspherical including 3 Mirror, 3 non-spherical lenses along including the first non-spherical lens, second non-close to the direction of the free surface lens successively Spherical lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens, wherein, first non-spherical lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens are convex lens, Second non-spherical lens is the balsaming lens.
- 11. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the lens group is aspherical including 4 Mirror, 4 non-spherical lenses along including the first non-spherical lens, second non-close to the direction of the free surface lens successively Spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens and the 4th non-spherical lens；Wherein, first non-spherical lens is positive lens, and second non-spherical lens and the 4th non-spherical lens are Convex lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens are the balsaming lens.
- 12. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the lens group is aspherical including 5 Mirror, 5 non-spherical lenses along including the first non-spherical lens, second non-close to the direction of the free surface lens successively Spherical lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens, the 4th non-spherical lens and the 5th non-spherical lens；Wherein, first non-spherical lens and the 5th non-spherical lens are positive lens, second non-spherical lens and 4th non-spherical lens is convex lens, and the 3rd non-spherical lens is the balsaming lens.
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| US11480765B2 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2022-10-25 | Largan Precision Co., Ltd. | Imaging optical system, image capturing unit and electronic device |
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| US11480765B2 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2022-10-25 | Largan Precision Co., Ltd. | Imaging optical system, image capturing unit and electronic device |
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