A kind of damper device
Technical field:
The utility model belongs to rail traffic vehicles accessory technical field, and in particular to a kind of damper device, tool
There is the characteristics of cost is cheap and damping damping capacity is excellent, for the junction between car body to reduce relative motion between two car bodies
Caused impact shock.
Background technology:
With the progress of automobile and railway technology, the low speed rail vehicle such as subway, light rail, low-floor is greatly developed,
Requirement of the people to the security of vehicle, comfortableness and economy improves therewith, in order to increase the safety in vehicle operation,
Comfortableness, rail vehicle system carry out damping, buffering using damper;At present, generally subtract in rail vehicle using hydraulic pressure
Shake device and clay damper:The operation principle of hydraulic damper is that impact energy is converted into heat energy by moving up and down for piston
Dissipate in atmosphere to realize the purpose of damping, but it has complicated, maintenance inconvenience, sealing reliability requires height,
It is sensitive to temperature change, the problems such as price is high;The operation principle of clay damper is to move up and down to impact by piston rod
Energy is converted into elastic cement elastic potential energy and kinetic energy, but it has raw material dependence import, maintenance is inconvenient, price is high
The problems such as, moreover, above two damper is mainly used in the part as the vertical damping of car body on high speed railway car, to subtract
Few impact between wheel and track;A kind of damping suitable for high-speed rail bridge disclosed in Chinese patent 201621118987.8 hinders
Buddhist nun's device includes transmitting portions and damping portion, and transmitting portions are nut rotary type ball-screw, including leading screw and nut, damper portion
Dividing includes sealing ring, damping inner cylinder, viscous liquid, damping outer barrel, screw, and damping inner cylinder is arranged on damping outer barrel, damped
Inner cylinder is staggered, and gap filling viscous liquid is left in centre, and damping inner cylinder gap both sides are provided with sealing ring, and damping portion passes through
Screw is connected with transmitting portions, and the nut of transmitting portions passes through screw belt dynamic damping inner cylinder rotating;Chinese patent
201480077089.X discloses a kind of for being performed by absorbing in impulsive force caused by opening/down periods of furniture door
The damper of shock-absorbing function, damper include load pin, and load pin is accommodated in the housing to open and close furniture door
Period moves back and forth, main valve, and main valve is connected to load pin to form first flow path, check-valves, side of the check-valves to slide
Formula is connected to the guide rod of main valve to form second flow path, guide, and guide is connected to main valve to guide fluid stream and pressure
Adjuster, pressure regulator are placed between main valve and check-valves to change first flow path;Chinese patent 201520808054.0 is public
A kind of combination connection working cylinder, the damper of piston valve sub-unit opened include cylinder, one end connection bottom of cartridge openings
Seat, and end face center of the base away from cylinder is provided with the first mounting hole, the inner chamber of cylinder are provided with working cylinder, the side of working cylinder with
Space is left between the inner chamber side of cylinder and forms oil drum, working cylinder is provided with opening, and work close to one end of cylinder closed end
Make cylinder to close close to the one end at cartridge openings end, through bottom valve system is provided with, the inner chamber of working cylinder is set at the closed end center of working cylinder
There is hydraulic oil, and the inner chamber of working cylinder is additionally provided with piston valve system, one side of the piston valve system close to working cylinder openend is connected with work
Stopper rod;Chinese patent 201520026667.9 discloses a kind of particle damper of adjustable clearance, and container content has one
Individual stainless steel solid ball, and be filled with powder, container upper end opening are equipped with end cap, and end cap and container inner wall are slidably matched company
Connect, end cap is fixedly connected with rack, rack engagement connection gear, gear connection stepper motor, stepper motor above with connecting rod
It is connected to gear by support on container, stepper motor is connected to the remote control for controlling the stepper motor to rotate;China
A kind of bag restraint damper vacuum assembly system disclosed in patent 201120087789.0 includes vacuum extractor, oiling device
And sealing connecting component, sealing connecting component include the sleeve I for coordinating with bag restraint damper cylinder seal and are used for
With bag restraint damper working cylinder sealing coordinate sleeve II, bag restraint damper vacuum assembly system using respectively with gas
The sleeve I and sleeve II that cylinder and working cylinder sealing coordinate;A kind of motor vehicle damping disclosed in Chinese patent 200720188446.7
Damper includes outer sleeve, cylinder tube, the piston rod being connected with the upper end in outer sleeve, and the top of piston rod, which sequentially passes through, to be located at
Sealing back-up ring, oil sealing and the guiding plug on cylinder tube top, the bottom of piston rod sequentially passes through plain cushion and piston is connected with piston seat,
The distance between plain cushion and piston seat are more than the height of piston, and piston can move up and down, piston be provided with the first outage and
Second outage, the oil scupper that the second outage is located at piston lower edge communicate;Above patented product cannot be used for low speed
In the rail vehicle of operation, foregoing hydraulic damper and clay damper are used to connect the two of the vehicles such as subway, low floor vehicle
There is the shortcoming such as maintainability is poor, cost performance is low when between car body, can not meet effectively to reduce the low speed rail such as subway, low floor vehicle
Vibration and impact between road carbody require;In the prior art, although rubber bumper in low speed rail vehicle
It is simple in construction, cost is relatively low, but its exist weatherability it is poor, it is easy to aging, be only capable of meeting that speed is no more than 0.83m/s low velocity impact
It is required that the shortcomings that, long-term non-maintaining requirement can not be met, the shortcomings that although polyurethane bumper absorber compensate for rubber bumper, but
There are still anti-shear ability it is poor, the shortcomings of relatively larger transverse load can not be born.Therefore, design one kind is applied to low speed rail car
Maintenance period is long, damper device that easy maintenance and maintenance cost are low, have very much science and apply valency, it may have
Good society and application prospect.
The content of the invention:
The shortcomings that the purpose of this utility model is to overcome prior art to exist, seek to design a kind of damping damping unit,
Be applicable not only to low speed rail vehicle, while be also applied for common disjunctor bus, to buffer between two vehicles or two car bodies it
Between shock and vibration caused by relative motion damp, and have good buffering resistance to mechanicals connection of the movement velocity less than 100m/s
Buddhist nun's effect.
To achieve these goals, the agent structure for the damper device that the utility model is related to include damper,
Oscillating bearing, hex nut, stop washer, circlip and fixing axle;The both ends of the damper pass with cirque structure respectively
Bearings screw-type connection, is provided with hex nut between damper and oscillating bearing, close to the one of hex nut on damper
End is arranged with the stop washer of cirque structure, and the internal sleeve of oscillating bearing is provided with the circlip of cirque structure, elasticity gear
The internal sleeve of circle is provided with the fixing axle of cylindrical structural;The agent structure of damper includes damping main body, scale patch, displacement location
Cylinder, installation axle and slip limit shaft;One end lateral wall adhesive type of the damping main body of cylindrical structural is provided with rectangular patch knot
The scale patch of structure, one end outer sheath that damping main body sets scale to paste are provided with the displacement location cylinder of cirque structure, damp main body
Stretch out the installation axle screw-type connection with cylindrical structural after displacement location cylinder, a lateral edges and the scale patch of displacement location cylinder
0 graduation mark is concordant, damps the other end of main body and the slip limit shaft screw-type connection of cylindrical structural;Damp the main body of main body
Structure includes external cylinders cylinder, central shaft, high elastic damping ring, end cover and sealing lubrication copper sheathing;Outside cirque structure
Portion's cylinder body cylinder is internally provided with central shaft, and the both ends of external cylinders cylinder are stretched out at the both ends of central shaft respectively, external cylinders cylinder with
The high elastic damping ring of cirque structure, the both ends sealing with circular configuration respectively of external cylinders cylinder are arranged between central shaft
End cap screw-type connection, the sealing lubrication copper sheathing of cirque structure is provided between central shaft and end cover.
Compared with prior art, the composition damping of the associated components such as damper, fixing axle, oscillating bearing is hindered for the utility model
Buddhist nun's device device, it is connected between the car body of rail vehicle two, passes through high elastic damping ring in the rotation of oscillating bearing and damper
Compression, the impact kinetic energy in vehicle operation is absorbed, is realized to rotation, rolling, pitching, acceleration and system during vehicle movement
Effective absorption of the impact shock caused by serial operating mode such as dynamic, effectively reduces caused impact in rail vehicle running
Kinetic energy, avoid between body part because of the impact of vehicle rigid contact and caused by permanent damage, improve the fatigue strength of vehicle,
So as to further improve security, the comfortableness of vehicle, central shaft and external cylinders cylinder can effectively limit high elastic damping
The displacement of ring and deflection, high elastic damping ring lateral stressed excessive caused problem of Cracking in compression process is avoided, together
When self-lubricating material high elastic damping ring greatly reduce its friction with external cylinders cylinder, realize damping main body it is long when
Between it is non-maintaining;Its design innovated so that the structure of damper device is simpler, and amount of parts is few, maintenance
It is convenient, on the premise of product performance is ensured, the weight and cost of product are considerably reduced, while have more extensive
Application field and space, the full-enclosed structure that high elastic damping ring is placed in external cylinders cylinder effectively will damping main body member
Part completely cuts off with external environment, avoids the influence of dust, acid & alkali liquid or ultraviolet to damping main body original paper, realizes high elastic damping
The abundant isolation of ring and external environment, there is good weatherability, service life greatly improved, meet long-term non-maintaining
Demand.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle schematic of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the agent structure principle schematic for the damper that the utility model is related to.
Fig. 3 is the agent structure principle schematic for the damping main body that the utility model is related to.
Embodiment:
The utility model is described further by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment:
The agent structure for the damper device that the present embodiment is related to includes damper 1, oscillating bearing 2, hex nut
3rd, stop washer 4, circlip 5 and fixing axle 6;The both ends of damper 1 screw-type of oscillating bearing 2 with cirque structure respectively
Connection, hex nut 3 is provided between damper 1 and oscillating bearing 2, is arranged with damper 1 close to one end of hex nut 3
The stop washer 4 of cirque structure, the internal sleeve of oscillating bearing 2 are provided with the circlip 5 of cirque structure, circlip 5
Internal sleeve is provided with the fixing axle 6 of cylindrical structural;The agent structure of damper 1 includes damping main body 7, scale patch 8, displacement location
Cylinder 9, installation axle 10 and slip limit shaft 11;One end lateral wall adhesive type of the damping main body 7 of cylindrical structural is provided with rectangle
The scale patch 8 of laminated structure, damping main body 7 set one end outer sheath of scale patch 8 to be provided with the displacement location cylinder of cirque structure
9, damping main body 7 stretches out the screw-type connection of installation axle 10 after displacement location cylinder 9 with cylindrical structural, and the one of displacement location cylinder 9
Lateral edges are concordant with 0 graduation mark of scale patch 8, damp the other end of main body 7 and the screw thread of slip limit shaft 11 of cylindrical structural
Formula connects;Damping the agent structure of main body 7 includes external cylinders cylinder 12, central shaft 13, high elastic damping ring 14, end cover 15
Copper sheathing 16 is lubricated with sealing;The external cylinders cylinder 12 of cirque structure is internally provided with central shaft 13, the both ends of central shaft 13
The both ends of external cylinders cylinder 12 are stretched out respectively, and the high resiliency of cirque structure is arranged between external cylinders cylinder 12 and central shaft 13
Damping ring 14, the both ends of external cylinders cylinder 12 screw-type connection of end cover 15 with circular configuration respectively, central shaft 13 with it is close
The sealing lubrication copper sheathing 16 of cirque structure is provided between end-blocking lid 15.
Connecting length regulation between damper 1 and oscillating bearing 2 that the present embodiment is related to can be by adjusting hexagonal spiral shell
Realize the position of mother 3 and stop washer 4;Circlip 5 is capable of the position of fixing joint bearing 2 and fixing axle 6;Fixing axle 6
Centre is cylindrical structural, and both ends cut platform, and bolt hole is offered on platform, and damper 1 passes through the bolt in fixing axle 6
The hole car body adjacent with two is connected;Main body 7 is damped by external cylinders cylinder 12, central shaft 13, high elastic damping ring 14, sealed end
Lid 15 and sealing lubrication copper sheathing 16, which are matched somebody with somebody, to be combined into, external cylinders cylinder 12, central shaft 13, high elastic damping ring 14, end cover 15
With the dimensions of sealing lubrication copper sheathing 16 according to finite element modelling under the different motion working condition of vehicle and corresponding quiet
State and dynamic test carry out the result determination of damping capacity check, the especially material and physical chemistry of high elastic damping ring 14
Can parameter;Scale in scale patch 8 is divided into left scale and right scale, and left scale and right scale are set on 0 graduation mark symmetrical expression,
The scale value of scale patch 8 determines that link and displacement location cylinder are assembled and tested to scale patch 8 in damper according to actual requirement
9 coordinate, it is ensured that and the decrement of the high elastic damping ring 14 at left and right sides of 0 scribe line position in scale patch 8 is identical, meanwhile, pressing
The decrement of high elastic damping ring 14 can be observed directly in compression process by scale patch 8;The edge of displacement location cylinder 9 is in height
Elastic damping ring 14 is concordant with 0 groove of scale patch 8 in the case of not acted on by external force;Installation axle 10 passes through screw thread and three axles 19
Connect and then fixed center axis 13, installation axle 10 are connected and are fixed with displacement location cylinder 9 by hexagon thin nut;Slide limit
Collective effect is carried out effectively spacing to central shaft 13 after position axle 11 is connected with the sealing lubrication nested type of copper sheathing 16, it is ensured that damping damps
Simultaneously Support center axle 13 carries out side-to-side movement in X direction for the axiality requirement of device device, realizes high elastic damping ring 14
Compression damping;External cylinders cylinder 12 can limit the compress variation of high elastic damping ring 14, prevent high elastic damping ring 14 from becoming
Shape excessively causes larger cross shear and causes the failure by shear of high elastic damping ring 14;The center section of central shaft 13 is
One axle 17, the center position of an axle 17 are two axles 18, and three axles 19 stretch out from one end of an axle 17, and four axles 20 are another from an axle 17
One end is stretched out, and the diameters of two axles 18 is more than the diameter of an axle 17, and the diameter of an axle 17 is more than the diameter of three axles 19, three axles 19 it is straight
Footpath is more than the diameter of four axles 20, and the length of an axle 17 is more than the length of three axles 19, and the length of three axles 19 is more than the length of four axles 20,
The length of four axles 20 is more than the length of two axles 18, and high elastic damping ring 14 is divided into symmetrical two sections by two axles 18;High resiliency hinders
The decrement of Buddhist nun's ring 14 can be adjusted by end cover 15, and the decrement of two sections of high elastic damping rings 14 is identical;Sealing
Lubrication matter is coated with lubrication copper sheathing 16, between lubrication matter is filled between the sealing lubrication axle 19 of copper sheathing 16 and three and four axles 20 respectively
Gap ensures the flatness during vehicle movement to reduce frictional dissipation of the central shaft 13 in motion process.
Damper device that the present embodiment is related in use, by fixing axle 6 by damping damping unit with it is adjacent
Two car bodies are fixedly connected, and the flexible rotating between damper 1 and car body is realized by the connection of oscillating bearing 2 and fixing axle 6, with
Meet the requirement of the multiple degrees of freedoms such as relative rotation, rolling or the pitching between car body or complicated operating condition;Run in vehicle
Cheng Zhong, due to the effect of oscillating bearing 2, damper device realizes corresponding rotation together with car body, to meet car body
The requirement of the dynamic properties such as rotation, pitching and rolling, meanwhile, damper 1 can absorb car body, and caused impact is shaken during exercise
It is dynamic, so as to ensure the even running of vehicle, comfortable ride experience is provided for passenger;Vehicle is in deceleration or braking, two car bodies
Between relative distance diminish, compression occurs for the effect of being under pressure of right side high elastic damping ring 14, and deformation is initial, high resiliency
Damping ring 14 does not occur directly to contact with external cylinders cylinder 12, and high elastic damping ring 14 is turned impact kinetic energy by self-deformation
Deformation potential is turned to, to absorb impact kinetic energy caused by two car body collision starting stages, reduces burst impact to car body and car body
Destruction between connection member;When impact kinetic energy increase, the effect of being under pressure of right side high elastic damping ring 14 occurs compression and become
Generation extruding is contacted after shape with external cylinders cylinder 12, now, it is super that external cylinders cylinder 12 can prevent that high elastic damping ring 14 from producing
The transversely deforming of limit value is crossed, reduces cross shear to being destroyed caused by high elastic damping ring 14, meanwhile, increase high resiliency resistance
The damping force of Buddhist nun's ring 14, the damping force of high elastic damping ring 14 is high-elastic after high elastic damping ring 14 contacts with external cylinders cylinder 12
Property damping ring 14 contacted with external cylinders cylinder 12 before 3-5 times of damping force of high elastic damping ring 14, vehicle can be effectively reduced
Caused impact kinetic energy during deceleration or brake hard, the direct rigid collision of body part is avoided, improve the fatigue of vehicle
Life-span, and add the ride comfort and security of personnel;Vehicle in acceleration or turning, between two car bodies it is relative away from
Big from becoming, the effect of being under pressure of left side high elastic damping ring 14 occurs compression and impact kinetic energy is effectively converted into deformation potential
Can, its principle and process and vehicle are identical in deceleration or braking;After vehicle even running, high elastic damping ring 14, which will compress, to be produced
Raw elastic potential energy gradually slowly discharges, untill concordant with 0 groove of scale patch 8 until the edge of displacement location cylinder 9;In damping
In damper device motion process, central shaft 13 produces corresponding displacement with the motion of car body, and central shaft 13 lubricates with sealing
Relative motion between copper sheathing 16, central shaft 13 produce lubrication matter, lubrication confrontation central shaft 13 by friction sealed lubrication copper sheathing 16
The self-lubricating played a part of, lubrication damping main body 7 of verifying play sealing function, make high elastic damping ring 14 and external environment every
Absolutely, outer cylinder is extended so as to reduce influence of the harmful substances such as extraneous acid & alkali liquid and ultraviolet to the internal part of external cylinders cylinder 12
The service life of the internal part of body cylinder 12, meanwhile, the self-lubricating property of of high elastic damping ring 14 itself can reduce high resiliency resistance
Buddhist nun's ring 14 and external cylinders cylinder 12 are in contact and frictional dissipation caused by compress, further inside raising external cylinders cylinder 12
The service life of part.
The application field for the damper device that the present embodiment is related to includes rail traffic vehicles, plant equipment and building
Engineering.