CN206869203U - A kind of profile milling cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiment of the present utility model discloses a kind of profile milling cutter, is related to machine tool manufacturing field, has the characteristics of manufacturing process is simple, easy to process.The profile milling cutter, including：Cutting tip including cutter hub and the cutting edge being arranged on the cutting tip, the blade type of the cutting edge are formed by the blade of at least two blades in axially overlap joint.The utility model is suitable for machine tool manufacture and the processing and manufacturing of workpiece, the processing especially suitable for the workpiece of processed complex profile, such as turbine disk fir-shaped blade root and blade.

Description

A form milling cutter

technical field

The utility model relates to a machining cutter, in particular to a forming milling cutter.

Background technique

A form milling cutter is a special tool designed for a workpiece with a specific profile. At present, in the processing and production of fir-tree grooves and blade roots of turbine discs, integral high-speed steel forming milling cutters are mainly used for roughing, semi-finishing and finishing. and surface roughness play a decisive role. When processing workpieces with complex contour lines, correspondingly, the cutting edge shape of this type of tool is complex, and the precision requirements for this type of tool are high. For example, the contour error is generally required to be less than ±0.02. In some places The requirement is less than ±0.005. Therefore, the existing manufacturing process of this type of form milling cutter is complex and difficult to process.

Utility model content

In view of this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a forming milling cutter, which has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process and easy processing.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present utility model adopt the following technical solutions:

A form milling cutter, comprising a cutting part of a cutter body and a cutting edge arranged on the cutting part, the cutting edge is formed by overlapping the cutting edges of at least two inserts in the axial direction;

The projections of the respective blades on the axial section of the cutter body at the axial overlap part overlap.

Optionally, the cutter body is a rotating body, and at least one cutting edge is provided on the circumferential direction of the cutting part.

Optionally, the projection of each cutting edge on the axial section of the cutter body is consistent with the contour line of the workpiece to be processed.

Optionally, the spatial positions of the respective blades on the cutter body are sequentially spirally lifted in the axial direction and uniformly staggered in the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the cutting part is provided with at least a first cutting part, and at least one first tool carrier, at least one second tool carrier and at least one third tool carrier are arranged on the first cutting part, At least one first blade is provided on the first knife loading platform, at least one second blade is provided on each of the second knife loading platforms, and at least one first blade is provided on the third knife loading platform. Three blades, the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction, and the edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are overlapped to form a first cutting edge ;

In the first cutting part, a first chip flute is also provided at the position of each tool carrier, and the first chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction with the first cutting edge;

Optionally, the projections of part of the cutting edges on the axial cross-section of the second blades close to the first blades overlap in the axial section, and the second blades on the two adjacent second blades The projections of part of the cutting edges on the shaft section overlap at the axial overlap between the two blades, and the third blade is close to the second blade at the axial overlap with part of the cutting edges on the shaft section. The projections on the overlap.

Optionally, the lift angle of the stepped spiral lift is 5°-45°.

Optionally, blade slots are provided on the first, second, and third knife loading tables on the first cutting portion, threaded holes are provided on the blade slots, and the first The blade, the second blade and the third blade are provided with counterbore holes, the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are inserted into the blade groove, the counterbore holes are aligned with the threaded holes, and the screw together.

Optionally, the first blade edge shape is mainly composed of a convex arc segment, a straight line segment and a concave arc segment sequentially connected;

The second blade edge shape is mainly composed of a first concave arc segment, a first straight line segment, a second convex arc segment, a second straight line segment and a second concave arc segment;

The third blade edge shape is mainly composed of a concave arc segment and a straight line segment connected in sequence.

Optionally, the material of each blade includes: polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride or ceramics.

Optionally, the cutting portion is provided with at least a second cutting portion spaced at an angle from the first cutting portion in the circumferential direction, and at least one first tool carrier is arranged on the second cutting portion, At least one of the second knife-carrying platform and at least one of the third knife-carrying platform, at least one first blade is provided on the first knife-carrying platform, and a At least one second blade, at least one third blade is arranged on the third tool carrier, the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are lifted up in a stepwise spiral along the axial direction, and the first The edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade arranged on the two cutting parts overlap to form a second cutting edge;

In the second cutting part, the position of each tool carrier is also provided with a second chip flute, and the second chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction with the second cutting edge;

The circumferential direction of the cutting part is at least provided with a third cutting part adjacent to the second cutting part and spaced at an angle, and at least one of the first tool carrier is arranged on the third cutting part, and at least one For the second knife loading platform and at least one third knife loading platform, at least one first blade is provided on the first knife loading platform, and at least one blade is provided on each of the second knife loading platforms. The second blade is provided with at least one third blade on the third tool carrier, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are lifted up stepwise and spirally along the axial direction, and the third cutting blade The edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade provided on the upper part are overlapped to form a third cutting edge;

In the third cutting portion, a third chip flute is provided at the position of each tool carrier, and the third chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction along with the third cutting edge.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a shaped milling cutter, which is used for processing the milling cutter described in the first aspect, comprising the steps of:

Processing blades with predetermined edge shapes;

Machining a cutter body with a predetermined profile;

Installing the insert on the cutter body overlaps at least one cutting edge consistent with the contour of the part to be machined.

Optionally, the blade for processing a predetermined edge type also includes:

Determine the cutting edge shape of the milling cutter according to the contour drawing of the part to be processed;

According to the cutting edge shape of the milling cutter, it is reasonably divided into several edge shape segments;

A blade for processing a corresponding blade shape is provided according to the blade shape section.

Optionally, processing the corresponding edge-shaped blade according to the edge-shaped segment includes:

Select the material of the cutting edge of the blade according to the material of the workpiece to be processed;

The blade is processed by numerical control wire electrode discharge or picosecond laser to ensure that the edge contour accuracy of the blade is ±0.005-0.01mm.

Optionally, the method also includes the steps of:

Design the overall structural shape and size of the cutting tool according to the outline drawing of the part processing part;

Determine the specific spatial coordinate position, shape, size and screw hole position of each blade on the tool;

Use 3D graphics software for modeling to ensure that the projection of the cutting edge on the shaft section formed by the overlapping of each blade is completely consistent with the contour of the processing part of the part to be processed;

Use simulation software to check whether the overall structure of the tool and the design of the blade structure are reasonable.

Optionally, the determination of the specific spatial coordinate position, shape, size and screw hole position of each blade on the cutter includes:

Determine the structure of the blade according to the size of the blade.

Optionally, the cutter body for machining a predetermined contour includes:

Cutting material: the material is nitrided steel 38CrMoALA;

The outline of each part of the rough and finish turning of CNC turning, leaving 0.5mm allowance on one side of the outer circle of the handle;

Drill the screw hole at the tail and the center hole at the head;

Heat treatment: blade 30-35HRC, handle 40-45HRC;

sandblasting;

Cylindrical grinding: leave 0.05mm on one side of the outer circle of the grinding handle;

Machining center: rough milling chip pocket;

Machining center: fine milling chip pocket, insert pocket and drilling thread bottom hole;

Fitter: Tapping and deburring;

Nitriding;

Cylindrical grinding: Grinding the outer circle of the handle;

bluish.

Optionally, the outline of each part of the CNC turning rough and finish turning, leaving 0.5mm margin on one side of the outer circle of the shank includes:

Rough and fine turning to produce the contour of the cutter body corresponding to the contour of the part to be processed;

On the contour of the cutting part of the corresponding cutter body, each tool carrier is milled out, which are spirally lifted in sequence in the axial direction and evenly staggered in the circumferential direction.

The embodiment of the utility model is a forming milling cutter. The blade shape of the cutting edge is formed by overlapping the blades of at least two blades in the axial direction of the cutter body. It only needs to design and process the corresponding blade shape according to the contour of the part to be processed. The required complex cutting edge profile can be formed by combining and overlapping the plurality of corresponding edge-shaped inserts on the cutter body, which has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process and easy processing.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the forming milling cutter of the embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a projected view of the cutting edge in Fig. 1 on the axial section of the cutter body;

Fig. 6 is a projection view of the cutting edge formed by overlapping the first, second or third cutting portion on the axial section of the cutter body according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural front view of the first blade 7 according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural front view of the second blade 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural front view of the third blade 9 according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a forming milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

A profile milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Referring to Fig. 1, a form milling cutter according to the embodiment of the present utility model includes: a cutter body 01, a handle 1 is arranged at one end of the cutter body, and is used for installation and positioning on a machining machine tool. The other end of the body is provided with a cutting part 2 for cutting the workpiece. On the cutting part 2, a cutting edge with a corresponding contour edge type can be set according to the contour of the actual machined part. The edge shape of the cutting edge consists of at least two The cutting edge of the blade is formed by overlapping in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the cutting edge is formed by overlapping and combining different blades. The type and quantity of the blades depend on the contour shape of the specific part to be processed. Under the premise of ensuring the processing requirements, the number of blades selected should be as few as possible. Preferably, this implementation For example, choose 3 kinds. The milling cutter can be used for cutting workpieces with various complex contours, and is especially suitable for processing and manufacturing turbine disk fir tree blade roots and blades.

An embodiment of the utility model is a forming milling cutter. A cutting part is arranged on the cutter body. It is necessary to design and process corresponding edge-shaped inserts according to the contour of the part to be processed. By combining and overlapping the plurality of corresponding edge-shaped inserts on the cutter body, the required complex cutting edge line can be formed, which solves the problem of forming The complex structure of the milling cutter blade leads to the difficulty of manufacturing. Therefore, the utility model shaped milling cutter has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process and easy processing.

Preferably, the projection of each cutting edge on the axial section of the cutter body is consistent with the contour line of the workpiece to be processed. In this embodiment, the cutter body 01 can be made into different shapes according to the characteristics such as the outline of the actual machined parts; referring to Fig. One or more cutting edges are arranged axially upwards, preferably, the cutter body 01 is a body of revolution, and at least one cutting edge is arranged on the circumferential direction of the cutting part 2; in order to improve the processing speed in machining, Several cutting edges may also be provided on the 2 circumferences of the cutting portion.

In this embodiment, the blade shape of the cutting edge is set according to the contour of the actual machined part, therefore, the blade shape of the cutting edge can be set to different blade shapes according to the contour of the machined part, but the basic shape of the blade shape of the cutting edge is The principle remains the same, that is, the blades of at least two blades are overlapped in the axial direction of the cutter body; as shown in Figure 5, preferably, the blade shape of each cutting edge is on the rotary axis section of the cutter body The projection of is consistent with the contour line of the machined part; the purpose of this setting is that during the machining process, the cutting load is borne by each cutting edge in turn, the cutting force of a single cutting edge is reduced, and the cutting process is more stable.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, in this embodiment, preferably, the spatial positions of the blades on the cutter body are sequentially helically lifted in the axial direction and evenly staggered in the circumferential direction. The helix angle can be set according to the processing requirements of the workpiece, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, preferably, the cutting part is provided with at least a first cutting part 3, and at least one first tool carrier 4 and at least one second carrier are arranged on the first cutting part 3. Knife platform 5 and at least one third tool platform 6, please refer to Fig. 1 or shown in Fig. 4, at least one first blade 7 is arranged on the first tool platform 4, and each second At least one second blade 8 is arranged on the knife-carrying platform 5, and at least one third blade 9 is arranged on the third knife-carrying platform 6, and the first blade 7, the second blade 8 and the third blade 9 are arranged along the The axial direction is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted, and the edge shapes of the first blade 7, the second blade 8 and the third blade 9 are overlapped to form the first cutting edge; There are also chip pockets at the position, and each chip pocket is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction along with the first cutting edge. In this embodiment, the blades of the blades are spirally lifted in steps in the axial direction of the cutter body, and are uniformly staggered in the circumferential direction to form an effective cutting edge. During the processing, each blade cuts into the workpiece one by one, and then leaves one by one. The machining stability is good, the vibration is small, and the surface finish of the workpiece is high. Preferably, the lift angle of the stepped helical lift is 5°-45°, further, the lift angle is 15°, 25°, 30° or 38°, so that it can avoid the cutting process of each blade Interference in the middle and circumferential directions can reduce cutting resistance.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, in this embodiment, in order to enable the cutting edge to completely remove excess material without leaving a dead angle in the axial direction during the cutting process of the tool, preferably, the second blade 8 The projections of part of the cutting edges on the axial section near the first blade 7 overlap at the axial overlap, and the second blade 8 and the second blade 8 have part of the cutting edges at the axial overlap. The projections on the shaft section overlap, and the third blade is close to the second blade 8 at the axial overlap, and the projections of the cutting edges on the shaft section overlap; It realizes seamless butt joint, and mills out a smooth machined surface contour at one time.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the first tool carrier 4, the second tool carrier 5 and the third tool carrier 6 on the first cutting part 3 A blade groove is provided on the blade groove, and a threaded hole 11 is provided on the blade groove, and a counterbore 12 is provided on the first blade 7, the second blade 8 and the third blade 9, and the first blade 7, the second blade 9 The second blade 8 and the third blade 9 are inserted into the blade groove, the counterbore 12 is aligned with the threaded hole 11 , and connected together by screws 13 . In this way, the blade is fixedly connected to the cutting part of the cutter body by screws. When the cutting edge is blunt or damaged, only the blunt or damaged blade needs to be replaced without regrinding, and the cutter body will not be scrapped as a whole. (Including welded insert base) can be reused, not only saves tool material, but also has low maintenance cost; further, when the blade is worn, it is not necessary to remove the tool from the machine tool, just loosen the screw of the machine clamp blade Open, the blade can be replaced conveniently, the work can be resumed quickly, and the maintenance efficiency is effectively improved. In this embodiment, similarly, the blade shape of the blade is determined according to the contour of the part to be processed, as shown in Figs. segment, straight line segment and concave arc segment are connected in sequence; the second blade 8-edge type is composed of the first concave arc segment, the first straight line segment, the second convex arc segment, the second straight line segment and the second concave circular segment The arc segments are connected sequentially; in this embodiment, the second blade with 8 blades is repeatedly arranged in several segments; the third blade with 9 blades is composed of concave circular arc segments and a third straight line segment connected in sequence. Preferably, the second blade includes: a first convex arc segment, a straight line segment and a concave arc segment; the second blade edge shape includes: a concave arc segment, a straight line segment, a second (3, 4.. .) Convex arc segment, straight line segment and concave arc segment; Setting the blade edge shape in this way can minimize the variety of blades and ensure that the cutting load of each blade is even. In this embodiment, the first, second and other qualifiers are only for clearly describing the elements and the composition relationship of the elements, and are not limited to whether the blade or the elements that make up the blade are the same, for example, the first straight line segment and the second straight line The segments are only the elements that make up the blade, and it is not limited that the first straight segment is different or the same as the second straight segment.

In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem of low processing efficiency caused by the relatively low allowable linear speed of titanium alloy and nickel-based superalloy materials in the existing turbine disk blade manufacturing process, usually below 20 m/min. Preferably, the material of each blade is ceramic, polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride, polycrystalline diamond is used for processing titanium alloy materials, and ceramics and cubic boron nitride are used for processing superalloy materials. In this way, the allowable processing line speed can be increased, thereby improving processing efficiency.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the cutting part can also be uniformly provided with a plurality of cutting parts on its circumference or side according to the diameter or width of the cutting part of the cutting tool to form a plurality of cutting edges at the same time The workpiece is cut, thereby significantly improving the processing efficiency; preferably, at least a second cutting portion 14 is provided at an angle from the first cutting portion in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion, and at the second cutting portion 14 is provided with at least one said first knife-carrying platform, at least one said second knife-carrying platform and at least one said third knife-carrying platform, and at least one first blade is arranged on said first knife-carrying platform , at least one second blade is provided on each of the second knife loading platforms, at least one third blade is provided on the third knife loading platform, the first blade, the second blade and the third blade Stepwise helical lifting along the axial direction, the edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade arranged on the second cutting part overlap to form a second cutting edge; in the second cutting part, each load The position of the knife table is also provided with a second chip flute, and the second chip flute is gradually stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction with the second cutting edge; the circumferential direction of the cutting part is at least provided with the second The third cutting portion 15 adjacent to the cutting portion and spaced at an angle, on which at least one first tool carrier, at least one second tool carrier and at least one first tool carrier are arranged on the third cutting portion 15. Three knife-carrying platforms, at least one first blade is arranged on the first knife-carrying platform, at least one second blade is arranged on each of the second knife-carrying platforms, and at least one second blade is arranged on the third knife-carrying platform. At least one third blade is provided, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade arranged on the third cutting part The edge shapes of the three blades are overlapped to form the third cutting edge; the third cutting part and the position of each tool carrier are also provided with a third chip flute, and the third chip flute is along with the third cutting edge along the axial direction. Step-by-step spiral lift in turn. In this embodiment, because the blades are overlapped with each other, each chip flute naturally communicates with the blades and is sequentially lifted to form a stepped chip flute. The cutting method of this milling cutter is open cutting, and the chips do not need to be discharged axially through the chip removal groove, so the stepped chip removal groove will not cause poor chip removal and blockage.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a shaped milling cutter, which is used to process the milling cutter described in the first aspect, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 11, including steps:

S1. Processing blades with predetermined edge shapes;

S2, machining the cutter body with predetermined contour;

S3. Installing the insert on the cutter body to overlap at least one cutting edge consistent with the contour of the part to be processed.

In this embodiment, the blade and the cutter body can be made on site, or can be directly assembled after processing in other places, and there is no fixed processing sequence. The number of the blades can be determined according to the actual size of the parts to be processed. It is best to ensure that the cutting edge formed by the overlapping of the blade on the cutter body can complete the cutting task in the direction of the length and dimension of the workpiece in one pass. The contour of the parts to be machined is consistent.

The embodiment of the utility model is a method for manufacturing a shaped milling cutter. By installing the processed blade on the cutter body with a predetermined contour, an effective cutting edge is overlapped by overlapping, so that the cutting edge of the milling cutter can be manufactured. The process is simple and easy to process; it can effectively solve the problems of complex manufacturing process and high processing difficulty of the existing milling cutter due to the complex shape of the cutting edge, thereby improving the processing and manufacturing efficiency of the milling cutter.

In this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the processing of the blade with predetermined edge type further includes: determining the cutting edge type of the milling cutter according to the contour of the part to be processed; according to the cutting edge type of the milling cutter, it is reasonably divided into A plurality of blade-shaped segments; according to the blade-shaped segments, blades for processing corresponding blade shapes are provided. The processing of the corresponding edge-shaped blade according to the blade-shaped segment includes: selecting the material of the cutting edge of the blade according to the material of the workpiece to be processed; using numerical control wire electrode discharge or picosecond laser to process the blade to ensure that the edge shape of the blade is Line profile accuracy is ±0.005-0.01mm. In this way, the edge shape of the overlapped cutting edge can be consistent with the contour of the part to be processed, so as to ensure the processing accuracy of the cutting edge, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

In this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: designing the overall structural shape and size of the tool according to the contour map of the part processing part; determining the specific spatial coordinate position, shape, and shape of each blade on the tool The size and position of the screw hole; use 3D graphics software to model to ensure that the projection of the cutting edge on the shaft section formed by the overlap of each blade is completely consistent with the contour of the part to be processed; use simulation software to check the overall structure of the tool and the blade Whether the structural design is reasonable. In this way, it can not only better ensure the conformity between the edge shape of the overlapping cutting edge and the contour of the part to be processed, but also avoid problems such as interference between blades during the machining process of the overlapping cutting edge. .

Since the inserts made of polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride have two structures: integral and welded, preferably, the cutting edge of the welded insert is made of superhard material, and the substrate is made of hard alloy. In order to reasonably select the structure of the blade, in this embodiment, preferably, the determining the specific spatial coordinate position, shape, size and screw hole position of each blade on the tool includes: determining the structure of the blade according to the size of the blade.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the processing of the cutter body of the predetermined contour includes the steps of: blanking: the material is nitrided steel 38CrMoALA; Outline of each part of the car, leave 0.5mm margin on one side of the outer circle of the handle; drill 16 screw holes at the tail and 17 center holes at the head; heat treatment: 30-35HRC for the blade, 40-45HRC for the handle; sandblasting; grinding of the outer circle: Leave 0.05mm on one side of the outer circle of the grinding handle; machining center: rough milling chip pocket; machining center: fine milling chip pocket, insert pocket and drill thread bottom hole; fitter: tapping thread deburring; nitriding; cylindrical grinding : Grinding the outer circle of the handle; bluish. Preferably, the outline of each part of the rough and finish turning of the CNC turning, leaving a margin of 0.5 mm on one side of the outer circle of the shank includes: rough and finish turning out the contour of the cutter body corresponding to the contour of the part to be processed; On the contour of the cutting part, each tool carrier is milled out in order in the axial direction and spirally lifted, and the circumferential direction is evenly staggered.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. whether there is any such actual relationship, equality or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts in each embodiment can be referred to each other.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any skilled person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model Or replacement, all should be covered within the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A profiled milling cutter, characterized in that it comprises a cutting portion of the cutter body and a cutting edge disposed on the cutting portion, the blade shape of the cutting edge is formed by overlapping the edges of at least two blades in the axial direction ; The projections of the respective blades on the axial section of the cutter body at the axial overlap part overlap. 2 . The profile milling cutter according to claim 1 , wherein the cutter body is a revolving body, and at least one cutting edge is provided on the circumferential direction of the cutting part. 3 . 3. The profile milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that, the projection of each cutting edge on the axial section of the cutter body is consistent with the contour line of the workpiece to be processed. 4. The profiled milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the spatial positions of the blades on the cutter body are sequentially helically lifted along the axial direction and evenly staggered in the circumferential direction. 5. The form milling cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the cutting part is provided with at least a first cutting part, and at least one first tool carrier is arranged on the first cutting part , at least one second knife-carrying platform and at least one third knife-carrying platform, at least one first blade is arranged on the first knife-carrying platform, and at least one first blade is arranged on each of the second knife-carrying platforms Two blades, at least one third blade is arranged on the third tool carrier, the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction, the first blade, The edge shapes of the second blade and the third blade overlap to form a first cutting edge; In the first cutting part, the position of each tool carrier is also provided with a first chip flute, and the first chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction along with the first cutting edge. 6. The profiled milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that, the projection of part of the cutting edges on the axial section of the cutter body overlaps at the axial overlap of the second blade near the first blade, The projections of part of the cutting edges on the axial section of the cutter body overlap at the axial overlap between the second blades on the two adjacent second tool loading platforms, and the third blades are close to the first blades. The projections of part of the cutting edges on the axial section of the cutter body overlap at the axial overlap of the two blades. 7. The profiled milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that, the lift angle of the stepped helical lift is 5°-45°. 8. The forming milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that, the first tool carrier, the second tool carrier and the third tool carrier on the first cutting portion are provided with insert grooves, The blade groove is provided with threaded holes, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are provided with counterbore holes, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are inserted into the blade groove, and the The countersunk holes are aligned with the threaded holes and connected together by screws. 9. The profiled milling cutter according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, the first blade edge shape is mainly composed of a convex arc segment, a straight line segment and a concave arc segment sequentially connected; The second blade edge shape is mainly composed of a first concave arc segment, a first straight line segment, a second convex arc segment, a second straight line segment and a second concave arc segment; The third blade edge shape is mainly composed of a concave arc segment and a straight line segment connected in sequence. 10. The shaped milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material of each blade comprises: polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride or ceramics. 11. The forming milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that, the cutting portion is provided with at least a second cutting portion spaced from the first cutting portion at an angle in the circumferential direction, and in the second cutting portion At least one of the first knife-carrying platform, at least one of the second knife-carrying platform and at least one of the third knife-carrying platform are arranged on the first knife-carrying platform, and at least one first blade is arranged on the first knife-carrying platform, At least one second blade is arranged on each of the second knife-carrying platforms, and at least one third blade is arranged on the third knife-carrying platform, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are arranged along the The axial direction is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted, and the edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade provided on the second cutting part are overlapped to form a second cutting edge; In the second cutting part, the position of each tool carrier is also provided with a second chip flute, and the second chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction with the second cutting edge; The circumferential direction of the cutting part is at least provided with a third cutting part adjacent to the second cutting part and spaced at an angle, and at least one of the first tool carrier is arranged on the third cutting part, and at least one For the second knife loading platform and at least one third knife loading platform, at least one first blade is provided on the first knife loading platform, and at least one blade is provided on each of the second knife loading platforms. The second blade is provided with at least one third blade on the third tool carrier, and the first blade, the second blade and the third blade are lifted up stepwise and spirally along the axial direction, and the third cutting blade The edge shapes of the first blade, the second blade and the third blade provided on the upper part are overlapped to form a third cutting edge; In the third cutting portion, a third chip flute is provided at the position of each tool carrier, and the third chip flute is sequentially stepped and spirally lifted along the axial direction along with the third cutting edge.