CN206816255U - A kind of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure - Google Patents
A kind of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN206816255U CN206816255U CN201720660974.1U CN201720660974U CN206816255U CN 206816255 U CN206816255 U CN 206816255U CN 201720660974 U CN201720660974 U CN 201720660974U CN 206816255 U CN206816255 U CN 206816255U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure, belong to construction field.The defects of the utility model in the poor tunnel construction of surrounding rock stability for that can not use tunneling boring construction method, using the longitudinal length for shortening tunnel partial excavation supporting construction, so that tunnel partial excavation supporting construction, close to plane mechanics problem, in mountain highway tunnel, stable (containing broken) the country rock Construction practices of approximate critical form two kinds of effective mountain highway tunnel approximate critical stabilizing surrounding rock approximation tunneling boring construction methods.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to construction method field, and in particular to a kind of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock is approximate complete
Section excavation structure and method.
Background technology
In recent years, as the extension of highway in China net, increasing Mountain Tunnels start to build.In general in approximation
It is bigger compared with stabilizing surrounding rock that vcehicular tunnel difficulty is built in neutrality (containing broken) country rock.At present, what China was built is many near
Constructed using CD/CRD methods, multi-step method or multiple combinations method like neutrality (containing broken) surrounding rock tunnel, such as schemed
Shown in 1.But each branch longitudinal direction excavation supporting length difference be present can cause constructing tunnel process space stability deficiency or be difficult to
Form effective bearing structure layer.Tunnel Design is plane mechanics problem, and tunnel partial excavation supporting construction is space mechanics
There is difference in problem, Tunnel Design, enclosed when tunnel approximate critical is stable (containing broken) with partial excavation supporting construction mechanics problem
When rock is poor, tend to occur constructing tunnel cave in phenomenon even casualty accident.
On the other hand, the construction method process such as CD/CRD methods, multi-step method is relatively complicated, and construction speed is slower, and breaks entirely
The construction method process such as face method, benching tunneling method is relatively easy, can greatly promote construction speed.However, current tunneling boring
When method, benching tunneling method directly apply to neutrality country rock, cave-in accident is easily caused.《Highway tunnel construction technical specification》
The excavation method scope of application and construction requirement in (JTJ042-94) to different classes of country rock have done relevant regulations：
5.2.2.1 full section method is applied to VI~IV class surrounding rock.The method can use deep hole blasting, and its depth desirable 3~
3.5m.Full section method is not suitable for 3 track tunnels and parking tape section is excavated.
5.2.2.2 it is softer or the country rock of joints development, its construction requirement are as follows to be applied to IV~II class for benching tunnelling method：(1) on
The distance between get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, equipment normal operation should be able to be met, and reduce and turn over slag workload.(2) when top rock crusher, construction
Supporting need to closely follow when, can proper extension length of bench, reduce construction interference.
Therefore, current full section method, benching tunneling method there is no method opening applied to neutrality surrounding rock tunnel well
In excavation construction, it is necessary to which it is further improved.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be to solve in the prior art for stable (containing the broken) country rock of approximate critical it is poor when,
Easily occur constructing tunnel cave in phenomenon the problem of, and a kind of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation tunneling boring is provided and opened
Digging structure and method, tunnel partial excavation supporting construction is set to be protected close to plane mechanics problem while improving and excavating efficiency
Demonstrate,prove construction safety.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows used by the utility model：
The first mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure：Along tunnel wheel in tunnel surrounding
Profile outer rim sets Shed-pipe Advanced Support with 2~10 ° of inclination angles interval, and cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, forms tunnel and pays in advance in advance
Protection structure；Lower pilot tunnel, the wide and a height of 4~5m of excavation plane of described lower pilot tunnel are offered on face in tunnel contour line
And along excavating the longitudinal advanced 3~5m in direction；The section excavation drilling depth clamped between described tunnel contour line and lower pilot tunnel outer rim
For 1~2m；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
Second of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure：Along tunnel wheel in tunnel surrounding
Profile outer rim sets Shed-pipe Advanced Support with 2~10 ° of inclination angles interval, and cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, forms tunnel and pays in advance in advance
Protection structure；Offer up/down steps on face in tunnel contour line, top bar ratio is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation advanced 1~3m, up/down steps
It is reserved with Core Soil；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
It is preferred as any one above-mentioned structure, between described Shed-pipe Advanced Support at intervals of 45~55cm.
It is preferred as any one above-mentioned structure, a diameter of 108~120mm of φ of described Shed-pipe Advanced Support.
Preferred as any one above-mentioned structure, described preliminary bracing includes steelframe support and concrete layer, wherein
Described steelframe support uses I-steel, is laid along tunnel longitudinal direction every 50~80cm intervals；Described concrete thickness 15~
30cm, formed by 20~No. 30 concrete ejections in country rock surface.
The defects of the utility model in the poor tunnel construction of surrounding rock stability for that can not use tunneling boring construction method,
Using the longitudinal length for shortening tunnel partial excavation supporting construction so that tunnel partial excavation supporting construction is close to planar forces knowledge
Topic, in mountain highway tunnel, stable (containing broken) the country rock Construction practices of approximate critical form two kinds of effective mountain highway tunnels
Approximate critical stabilizing surrounding rock approximation tunneling boring construction method.
Brief description of the drawings
Various partial excavation method for protecting support schematic diagrames in the planning of Fig. 1 tunnels or handbook；Wherein a)~d) it is respectively difference in 4
Excavation supporting method, the digitized representation sequence of excavation in figure.
Pilot tunnel appropriate advance approximation tunneling boring construction method schematic diagram under Fig. 2；A) it is wherein cross section, b) it is vertical section；
The short step remaining core soil in advance approximation tunneling boring construction method schematic diagrames of Fig. 3；A) be wherein cross section, b) to be vertical disconnected
Face；
Embodiment
The utility model is further elaborated and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.In the utility model
The technical characteristic of each embodiment can carry out respective combination on the premise of not colliding with each other.
In the utility model, for different country rock grades, there is provided two kinds of different mountain highway tunnel neutralities
Country rock approximation tunneling boring construction method：The first be for face it is basicly stable when, it is preferably approximate using lower pilot tunnel appropriate advance
Tunneling boring construction method；Second be for face neutrality when, preferably using short step remaining core soil in advance approximation tunneling boring
Construction method.When face degree of stability is higher, preferentially from the first to improve efficiency of construction, when face degree of stability
It is preferential using second of guarantee construction safety when relatively low.Which kind of during practice of construction, specifically needed using method according to country rock grade
Carry out integrating determination etc. index.Two methods of the present utility model are applied to the excavation of III, IV, V level surrounding rock tunnel.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2 when face is basicly stable during constructing tunnel, it is preferably approximate complete using lower pilot tunnel appropriate advance
Section construction method.
The face of this method excavates structure such as Fig. 2) shown in, along tunnel contour line outer rim with 2~10 ° in tunnel surrounding
Inclination angle interval 50cm has set φ 108~120mm Shed-pipe Advanced Supports, and cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, and it is pre- in advance to form tunnel
Supporting construction.Offering the lower pilot tunnel on arc top on face in tunnel contour line, the excavation plane of lower pilot tunnel is wide and a height of 4~
5m and along excavating the longitudinal advanced 3~5m in direction；The section excavation drilling depth clamped between tunnel contour line and lower pilot tunnel outer rim be 1~
2m；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
The construction procedure of lower pilot tunnel appropriate advance approximation tunneling boring construction method is as follows：
(1.1) III, IV, V level surrounding rock tunnel, every 50cm spacing, are beaten along tunnel contour line outer rim with 2~10 ° of inclination angles
If φ 108~120mm Shed-pipe Advanced Supports, given with 5~8Pa pressure and fill No. 20 cement mortar in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, it is advanced to form tunnel
Strong pre support.
(1.2) under the tunnel in advance protection of strong pre support, lower pilot tunnel is excavated.It is wide and high about that lower pilot tunnel excavates plane every time
4~5m, and the advanced 3~5m in longitudinal direction, only need pilot tunnel country rock to get rid of the danger, are also beneficial to mechanical tap.
(1.3) under the tunnel in advance protection of strong pre support, approximate tunneling boring (including tunnel contour line and lower pilot tunnel outer rim
Between the section that clamps, do not include having excavated lower pilot tunnel section) excavate, each 1~2m of drilling depth.After the section excavation, continue pair
Lower pilot tunnel longitudinally excavates identical depth, circulation driving.
(1.4) under the tunnel in advance protection of strong pre support, tunnel has been excavated in time part carry out longitudinal direction every 50~
80cm sets H180~H200 I-steel to be supported as steelframe, while 20~No. 30 to country rock surface injection 15~30cm thickness are mixed
Solidifying soil, forms strong preliminary bracing and undertakes whole load, it is ensured that tunnel structure work progress stable equilibrium.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction circulation Excavation Length of tunnel partial excavation supporting construction is foreshortened into 1~2m so that tunnel
Road partial excavation supporting construction is consistent, in approximate full face digging mode close to plane mechanics problem with Tunnel Design
Under can also ensure the adjoining rock stability in tunnel.The supporting that this method also avoid steel supporting at initial stage intermediate node weak link is stable
Sex chromosome mosaicism.Simultaneously because lower pilot tunnel opens up in advance, therefore during approximate full face tunneling, the section disintegrating slag above lower pilot tunnel is excavating
Can directly it be fallen after departing from rock mass under mechanism, without carrying out other additional process.Compared to existing for critical steady
Determine CD/CRD methods, multi-step method of surrounding rock tunnel excavation etc., the utility model can greatly improve efficiency of construction.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, when face neutrality during constructing tunnel, it is preferably approximate using short step remaining core soil in advance
Tunneling boring construction method.
The face of this method excavates structure such as Fig. 3) shown in, along tunnel contour line outer rim with 2~10 ° in tunnel surrounding
Inclination angle interval 50cm has set φ 108~120mm Shed-pipe Advanced Supports, and cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, and it is pre- in advance to form tunnel
Supporting construction；Offering inclined up/down steps on face in tunnel contour line, top bar ratio is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation advanced 1~3m,
Up/down steps are reserved with Core Soil；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
The construction procedure of short step remaining core soil in advance approximation tunneling boring construction method is as follows：
(2.1) III, IV, V level surrounding rock tunnel, every 50cm spacing, are beaten along tunnel contour line outer rim with 2~10 ° of inclination angles
If φ 108~120mm Shed-pipe Advanced Supports, given with 5~8Pa pressure and fill No. 20 cement mortar in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, it is advanced to form tunnel
Strong pre support.
(2.2) under the tunnel in advance protection of strong pre support, face is excavated using short step method, top bar is super first
3~4m of preceding excavation, then got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 1~2m of excavation, and upper leave from office is excavated in a manner of remaining core soil in advance.In excavated section,
Top bar ratio is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation advanced 1~3m, up/down steps circulation driving, average each 1~2m of drilling depth.
(2.3) under the tunnel in advance protection of strong pre support, carry out in time longitudinal direction every 50~80cm set H180~
H200 I-steel supports as steelframe, while sprays 20~No. 30 thick concrete of 15~30cm to country rock surface, is formed by force just
Phase supporting simultaneously undertakes whole load, it is ensured that tunnel structure work progress stable equilibrium.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction circulation Excavation Length of tunnel partial excavation supporting construction is also shortened, approximate complete disconnected
Also the adjoining rock stability in tunnel can be ensured under the digging mode in face.But compared with Example 1, the up/down steps of the present embodiment are reserved
There is core local method more suitable for the poor tunnel of surrounding rock stability.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present utility model, so itself and be not used to limit this practicality
It is new.Those of ordinary skill about technical field, can be with the case where not departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model
Make a variety of changes and modification.Therefore the technical scheme that all modes for taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are obtained, all falls within
In the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure, it is characterised in that edge in tunnel surrounding Tunnel contour line outer rim and Shed-pipe Advanced Support is set with 2~10 ° of inclination angles interval, cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, protected in tunnel Armored concrete has been poured on the basis of the flute profile that arch opening position is excavated and has protected arch, Shed-pipe Advanced Support combines integral, formation tunnel with shield arch Road leading pre-supporting structure；Offer lower pilot tunnel on face in tunnel contour line, described lower pilot drive plane it is wide and A height of 4~5m and along excavating the longitudinal advanced 3~5m in direction；The section clamped between described tunnel contour line and lower pilot tunnel outer rim Excavation drilling depth is 1~2m；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
- A kind of 2. mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure, it is characterised in that edge in tunnel surrounding Tunnel contour line outer rim and Shed-pipe Advanced Support is set with 2~10 ° of inclination angles interval, cement mortar is filled in Shed-pipe Advanced Support, form tunnel Leading pre-supporting structure；Offering up/down steps on face in tunnel contour line, top bar ratio is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation advanced 1~3m, Up/down steps are reserved with Core Soil；Preliminary bracing is provided with the tunnel excavated, for undertaking whole country rock loads.
- 3. mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In, between described Shed-pipe Advanced Support at intervals of 45~55cm.
- 4. mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In a diameter of 108~120mm of φ of described Shed-pipe Advanced Support.
- 5. mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock approximation full face tunneling structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In described preliminary bracing includes steelframe support and concrete layer, wherein described steelframe support uses I-steel, along tunnel Laid every 50~80cm intervals longitudinal direction；Described concrete 15~30cm of thickness, by 20~No. 30 concrete ejections in country rock Surface forms.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107091092A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-25 | 宁波市交通规划设计研究院有限公司 | The approximate full face tunneling structure of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107091092A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-25 | 宁波市交通规划设计研究院有限公司 | The approximate full face tunneling structure of mountain highway tunnel neutrality country rock and method |
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