CN206815271U - Determine the experimental simulation system of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution - Google Patents
Determine the experimental simulation system of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN206815271U CN206815271U CN201720659384.7U CN201720659384U CN206815271U CN 206815271 U CN206815271 U CN 206815271U CN 201720659384 U CN201720659384 U CN 201720659384U CN 206815271 U CN206815271 U CN 206815271U
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Abstract
The utility model is to determine the experimental simulation system of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution, its structure includes two upstream water tanks, a downstream water tank, the flat tank in upstream, the flat tank in downstream, pumping conduit, variable frequency pump, par grid, electromagnetic flowmeter, the rectangle lucite sand plate in area to be measured, wherein from downstream water tank draw a pumping conduit loop to two upstream water tanks, variable frequency pump and electromagnetic flowmeter are housed on every pumping conduit loop；The flat tank in upstream connects with upstream water tank, and par grid is placed with junction, the current in steady tank；The flat tank in downstream is communicated by tail-gate with downstream water tank.Advantage：1）The different network of waterways confluence pollutant distribution in angle of confluxing suitable for the network of waterways is simulated；2）Doab pollutant distribution difference can be caused because of different times scene river discharge difference by changing confluent ratio research；3）It can administer and scientific guidance is provided for network of waterways confluence pollutant distribution law study and the network of waterways.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of experimental simulation system for determining the pollutant distribution of network of waterways intersection, belong to environment
Hydraulics science and technology field.
Background technology
In the past few decades, domestic economy development mainly promotes expanding economy pattern to consume the energy as cost, excessively
Focus on the rapid growth of the indexs such as GDP, ignore the criterion of harmonious co-existence between man and nature.The development of industrial or agricultural, people
Mouthful rapid growth, bring huge pressure to environment, the domestic Eastern Plain network of waterways is all by different degrees of point source and non-
Point-source pollution.In recent years, the gradual popular feeling of the theory such as Green Development, river regulation is into various circles of society's focus of attention.But this
Before, straight section river course environment is monitored domestic and foreign scholars and Controlling research is more, but for the defeated research for moving enrichment of river pollution thing
It is less, the especially key control node of the network of waterways --- network of waterways intersection.The intersection controls the defeated of whole river pollution thing
Move, be the key node administered to river network environment, therefore it is extremely important to study network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution rule.But due to
Silt plays the key player in " source " or " remittance " during Pollutant Transportation and intersection's water flow structure is extremely complex,
Mathematical modeling is difficult often simulation, so it is very heavy to establish a kind of experimental simulation system for determining the pollutant distribution of network of waterways intersection
Will.
Utility model content
Provided by the utility model is the experimental simulation system and its analogy method of a kind of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution,
The pollutant distribution that its purpose aims under different confluent ratio effects to river conjunction region carries out experimental study, for the mouth region that crosses
The guidance of offer science is administered in the pollutant distribution research in domain and the network of waterways.
Technical solution of the present utility model：The experimental simulation system of the pollutant distribution of network of waterways intersection is determined, its
It is characterized in including two upstream water tanks, 5, downstream water tanks 4, the flat tank 11 in upstream, the flat tank 10 in downstream, pumping conduit
6th, variable frequency pump 2, par grid 9, electromagnetic flowmeter 3, the rectangle lucite sand plate 8 in area to be measured, wherein drawing one from downstream water tank 4
Two upstream water tanks 5 that the loop of bar pumping conduit 6 is arrived, variable frequency pump 2 and electromagnetic flowmeter are housed on every pumping conduit loop
3；The flat tank 11 in upstream connects with upstream water tank 5, and par grid 9 is placed with junction, the current in steady tank；Downstream
Flat tank 10 is communicated by tail-gate with downstream water tank 4, and the width for the front and rear tank that crosses, which is set, should follow waterpower geometrical relationship：w pc = w m[1+(w t/w m)1/b]b, in formulaw pcRefer to width at river conjunction downstream,w mFor the width of major trough,w tFor the width of branch groove
Degree；Parameter b is traditionally arranged to be 0.5；If major trough, as the width of branch groove, the tank width at river conjunction downstream is to cross it
1.4 times of preceding tank width, water flow through and are extracted into two upstream water tanks 5, Ran Houjing from the flat tank 10 in downstream after variable frequency pump 2 works
Cross par grid 9 and enter the flat tank 11 in upstream, par grid is used for smooth water flow, and current enter downstream water tank 4 by tail-gate
Realize circulation.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
1）The utility model confluxes the different river confluence pollutant distribution simulation in angle suitable for the network of waterways；
2）It can be realized because of different times scene river discharge difference by changing confluent ratio to cause doab pollutant
The research of distributional difference；
3）The utility model experimental simulation system can be suitably changed, as level bed makes into consider landform to pollutant distribution
Influence etc., administer and scientific guidance is provided for network of waterways river confluence pollutant distribution law study and the network of waterways.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution experimental simulation system top view that angle is 90 ° that confluxes.
Fig. 2（a）, Fig. 2（b）, Fig. 2（c）It is river conjunction upstream and downstream tank cross dimension figure (unit：Mm), wherein Fig. 2
（a）It is A-A cut-away views, Fig. 2（b）It is B-B cut-away views, Fig. 2（c）It is C-C cut-away views.
Fig. 3 is husky plate, periphery arrangement dimensional drawing and sampling distribution map（Unit：Mm), wherein Fig. 3（a）It is husky board foot to be measured
Very little figure；Fig. 3（b）It is husky plate drawing in side sectional elevation to be measured；Fig. 3（c）It is that husky plate to be measured indulges face figure；Fig. 3（d）It is sampling distribution map.
1 is valve in figure；2 be variable frequency pump；3 be electromagnetic flowmeter；4 be downstream water tank；5 be upstream water tank；6 be drinking-water pipe
Road；7 be 1mm grit；8 be lucite sand plate in area's to be measured；9 be par grid；10 be the flat tank in downstream；11 be that upstream is flat
Tank.
Embodiment
The experimental simulation system of the pollutant distribution of network of waterways intersection is determined, its structure includes two 5, one, upstream water tanks
Downstream water tank 4, the flat tank 11 in upstream, the flat tank 10 in downstream, pumping conduit 6, variable frequency pump 2, par grid 9, tail-gate, electromagnetism
Flowmeter 3, the rectangle lucite sand plate 8 in area to be measured, wherein from downstream water tank 4 draw a loop of pumping conduit 6 to two
Upstream water tank 5, variable frequency pump 2 and electromagnetic flowmeter 3 are housed on every pumping conduit loop；The flat tank 11 in upstream and upper water
Case 5 connects, and par grid 9 is placed with junction, the current in steady tank；The flat tank 10 in downstream passes through tail-gate and downstream
Water tank 4 communicates, and the width for the front and rear tank that crosses, which is set, should follow waterpower geometrical relationship：w pc =w m[1+(w t/w m)1/b]b, in formulaw pcRefer to width at river conjunction downstream,w mFor the width of major trough,w tFor the width of branch groove；Parameter b is traditionally arranged to be 0.5；If
For major trough as the width of branch groove, the tank width at river conjunction downstream is 1.4 times of tank width before crossing, during work,
Water flows through and is extracted into two upstream water tanks 5 from the flat tank 10 in downstream after variable frequency pump 2 works, and then enters by par grid 9 upper
Flat tank 11 is swum, par grid is used for smooth water flow, and current enter downstream water tank 4 by tail-gate and realize circulation.
What the flat 11 main secondary channel of tank in upstream crossed conflux, and truth that angle crosses according to live river course is set；Or
Set according to experimental study personnel purpose.
If river course base slope very little, experimental trough are set to flat slope；If river course base slope is larger, tank support is set to adjustable,
Tank connected with downstream water tank be also fabricated to it is adjustable.
The rectangle lucite sand plate 8 in the area to be measured will cover the main waterpower subregion in doab, the rectangle lucite
Husky plate 5cm is thick, width with cross after downstream water well width it is consistent.
It tests analogy method, comprises the following steps：
1）Live bed mud sample is put into the drying box that preset temperature is 80 DEG C and dried, dries and completes to be crushed to grind
Mill, is sieved with the standard screen of 60 mesh sub-sieves and 0.15mm apertures, takes fine powder to be put into lucite sand plate to be measured,
Easily washed away in view of dry powdered bed mud sample for current, thus be put into tank go in glass plate plus water, and even smear
It is flat；
2）If tank analog system device is adjustable, calibration and calibration are carried out to base slope before runtime；
3）Adsorbable pollutant mixed solution is configured, the quality of 0.1mol soluble pollutants is weighed, puts it into 1L
Beaker in, be slowly added to distilled water, stirred with glass bar until be completely dissolved.Pollutant component can be according to practical study region
Major pollutants or experimental study personnel want research heavy metal, P pollutants, will configure complete pollutant add downstream
In water tank, water tank contains enough waters for apparatus system circulation；
4）All valves, variable frequency pump controlling switch and the electromagnetic flowmeter on pumping conduit are opened, continuous service 2h, is made
Pollutant blends uniformly in system and device reclaimed water body, makes pumping conduit inwall, tank side wall and the absorption of water tank side wall enough
More pollutant, so that adsorption of sediment pollutant effects in area's to be measured are preferably minimized；
5）Step 4）After carrying out 2 hours, the rectangle lucite sand plate to be measured handled well is put into tank river conjunction
Area to be measured；
6）In order that water flow stationary is transitioned into glass sand plate, equal thickness is spread in the surrounding of glass sand plate（That is 5cm）Diameter
For 1mm grit, length 20cm, then using slope ratio as 1:4 continue to sand, and make its gentle transition screw clamp bottom surface；
7）After above-mentioned steps are ready, continuous service 48h；
8）Lucite sand plate in area's to be measured is taken out, is then sampled with a diameter of 1cm plastics light wall pipe, horizontal sample point
2cm is spaced, longitudinally spaced is 10cm（Longitudinal direction is Parallel to the flow direction）Plastics light wall pipe is then right perpendicular to glass sand plate during sampling
The sample of taking-up is layered；
9）Sample is put into the drying box that preset temperature is 80 DEG C and dried, and after grinding screening, takes 0.2g samples to carry out with micro-
Ripple clears up or High-temperature Digestion, and temperature is 300 DEG C, is separately added into 8ml and 2ml top pure grades nitric acid and sulfuric acid, sample when resolution is completed
It is creamy white；Add distilled water after the completion of resolution, with 50ml polyethylene volume bottle constant volume, take supernatant and then use spectrophotometer
Determine pollutants in sediments content, analysis level, vertical pollutant distribution situation.
Embodiment
Huaihe River is one of most important river in Eastern China, but the damage ratio such as P and ammonia nitrogen is more serious, fishery is caused seriously
Influence.So the bed mud sample on the lucite sand plate to be measured of Laboratory tank simulation research picks up from whirling river-Hui Jihe and crossed
Area.
The major trough of Upstream section and branch well width are set to 30cm before crossing, then downstream water well width is according to waterpower geometry after crossing
40cm, about the 1.4 of upper water well width times can be set to；Upper water slot length is 3m before crossing, and downstream water slot length is 7m；
Tank bottom surface is plane sloping, than dropiFor 0.Angle conflux for 90 °, as shown in Figure 1.
Shown in different tank cross dimensions such as Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b), Fig. 2 (c).
The length of lucite sand plate in area's to be measured is 1m, width 40cm, is highly 5cm, such as Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) institutes
Show.
Confluent ratioγ=Q t/(Q m+Q t), in formula,Q tFor branch groove flow,Q mFor major trough flow, 0.6 is arranged to here.
A kind of form of expression of the above-mentioned experimental simulation system for being to determine the pollutant distribution of network of waterways intersection.
The analogy method of the experimental simulation system, comprises the following steps：
1）Whirling river-Huiji bed mud sample is put into the drying box that preset temperature is 80 DEG C and dried, will after the completion of drying
Its attrition grinding, sieved with the standard screen of 60 mesh sub-sieves and 0.15mm apertures, take fine powder to be put into organic glass to be measured
In glass sand plate, it is contemplated that dry powdered bed mud sample easily washes away for current, therefore adds being put into going in glass plate for tank
Enter appropriate water, and it is even floating；
2）Above-mentioned tank analog system device plane sloping, without calibration；
3）Adsorbable pollutant mixed solution is configured, weighs 13.6g KH2PO4, put it into 1L beaker, slowly add
Enter distilled water, stirred with glass bar until being completely dissolved.Then the solution is added in the water tank of downstream, water tank contains enough confessions
The water of apparatus system circulation；
4）All valves, variable frequency pump controlling switch and the electromagnetic flowmeter on pumping conduit are opened, continuous service 2h, is made
KH2PO4Blended uniformly in apparatus system reclaimed water body, make pumping conduit inwall, tank side wall and the absorption of water tank side wall enough
P so that adsorption of sediment P in area's to be measured influence is preferably minimized；
5）The rectangle lucite sand plate to be measured handled well is put into tank river conjunction area to be measured, as shown in Figure 1；
6）In order that water flow stationary is transitioned into glass sand plate, equal thickness is spread in the surrounding of plate（That is 5cm）A diameter of 1mm is husky
Gravel, length 20cm, then using slope ratio as 1:4 continue to sand, and make its gentle transition screw clamp bottom surface, such as Fig. 3 (b), Fig. 3 (c)
It is shown；
7）After above-mentioned steps are ready, continuous service 48h；
8）Lucite sand plate in area's to be measured is taken out, is then sampled with a diameter of 1cm plastics light wall pipe, horizontal sample point
2cm is spaced, longitudinally spaced is 10cm（Longitudinal direction is Parallel to the flow direction）, as shown in Fig. 3 (d).Plastics light wall pipe will be perpendicular to during sampling
Glass sand plate, is then layered to the sample of taking-up；
9）Sample is put into the drying box that preset temperature is 80 DEG C and dried, and after grinding screening, takes 0.2g samples to carry out with height
Temperature resolution, puts it into crucible, is separately added into 8ml and 2ml top pure grades nitric acid and sulfuric acid, covers cup lid, is placed on temperature as 300 DEG C
Electric hot plate heated, 8ml and 2ml top pure grades nitric acid and sulfuric acid are continuously added when equal samples is evaporated again, until cleared up
Into sample is creamy white when resolution is completed.Add distilled water after the completion of resolution, with 50ml polyethylene volume bottle constant volume, take supernatant
Then liquid determines bed mud P content with means such as spectrophotometers, repeat the P content that this step measures all samples, analysis level, erect
Straight P distribution situations.
Described above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, it should be pointed out that：To those skilled in the art,
On the premise of the utility model principle is not departed from, some improvement can be carried out, these improvement also should be regarded as of the present utility model
Protection domain.
Claims (2)
1. determine network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution experimental simulation system, it is characterized in that including two upstream water tanks, one
Downstream water tank, the flat tank in upstream, the flat tank in downstream, pumping conduit, variable frequency pump, par grid, electromagnetic flowmeter, area to be measured
Rectangle lucite sand plate, wherein from downstream water tank draw a pumping conduit loop to two upstream water tanks, every is drawn water
Variable frequency pump and electromagnetic flowmeter are housed on pipeline loop；The flat tank in upstream connects with upstream water tank, and is placed with junction
Par grid, the current in steady tank；The flat tank in downstream is communicated by tail-gate with downstream water tank, the width for the front and rear tank that crosses
Degree setting should follow waterpower geometrical relationship：w pc = w m[1+(w t/w m)1/b]b, in formulaw pcRefer to width at river conjunction downstream,w m
For the width of major trough,w tFor the width of branch groove；Parameter b is arranged to 0.5；If major trough is as the width of branch groove, under river conjunction
Tank width at trip is 1.4 times of tank width before crossing, and water is extracted into after flowing through frequency conversion pump work from the flat tank in downstream
Two upstream water tanks, then enter the flat tank in upstream by par grid, par grid is used for smooth water flow, and current pass through tail
Door enters downstream water tank and realizes circulation.
2. the experimental simulation system of the pollutant distribution according to claim 1 for determining network of waterways intersection, it is characterized in that institute
The main waterpower subregion in doab will be covered by stating the rectangle lucite sand plate in area to be measured, and rectangle lucite sand plate 5cm is thick, wide
Spend with cross after downstream water well width it is consistent.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107034840A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-11 | 河海大学 | Determine the experimental simulation system and its analogy method of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107034840A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-11 | 河海大学 | Determine the experimental simulation system and its analogy method of network of waterways intersection pollutant distribution |
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