CN206785383U - A kind of duct fracturing device - Google Patents
A kind of duct fracturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN206785383U CN206785383U CN201720610247.4U CN201720610247U CN206785383U CN 206785383 U CN206785383 U CN 206785383U CN 201720610247 U CN201720610247 U CN 201720610247U CN 206785383 U CN206785383 U CN 206785383U
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- drilling rod
- fracturing
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of duct fracturing device, including drilling rod, through hole is provided with the drilling rod axle center, the through hole is used to conduct fracturing outside liquid to the duct of desire pressure break, concave station is provided with the external cylindrical surface of the drilling rod, elastic packing mechanism is provided with the concave station, one side of the elastic packing mechanism close to the drilling rod axle center is provided with expansion chamber, pod apertures are provided between the expansion chamber and the through hole.The duct fracturing device provided by the utility model can effectively reduce energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
Engineering machinery field is the utility model is related to, more specifically, more particularly to a kind of duct fracturing device.
Background technology
In engineering construction, it is often necessary to carry out drilling operation in lithostratigraphy, because the hardness of rock is bigger, therefore bore
The difficulty of pick is high, especially at uniaxial compressive strength (limit value of compressive stress when rock sample destroys under unidirectional pressure)
Larger fine and close hard rock.In early stage operation, drilling operation generally by drilling and blasting method, i.e., drift section in certain direction and
Away from blasthole is drilled out, refilling explosive carries out explosion, the rock mass of predetermined length is fragmented into fritter and transported again, so as to realize tunnel
Driving, but this kind of method is difficult that burst size is precisely controlled, and Blasting shock wave is easy to influence surrounding formations.To subtract
Backbreak less deficient digging situation, reduce disturbance of the Blasting shock wave to surrounding formations, utility model presplitting was quick-fried again later by engineering staff
Broken engineering method, its key are in excavated section periphery hole, and fractional charge explosion is to produce the crack penetrated along hole wall line, then
Coordinate other road heading machinery operations again.But during using this kind of method, in order to form crack by predetermined direction, it is desirable to periphery hole
Spacing is smaller, and drilling hole amount is more, have impact on construction economy.
Although very fully, its birth defect in terms of safety and environmental protection can not be eradicated, right for blasting rock-broken research
It is poor for applicability that impact influences more sensitive place.With the lifting of safe construction requirement, China in terms of on-explosive broken rock to carrying out
Positive research, especially hydraulic fracturing technology have obtained tremendous expansion.High-pressure water jet breaking technique for rock is in the seventies in last century
It is once widely studied at home and abroad, but in terms of impact failure of the research direction water jet that concentrates on to spray at a high speed to rock, energy
Amount is by the conversion of potential energy-kinetic energy-potential energy, and loss is larger, and effect is unsatisfactory, with the raising of supercharging equipment ability, directly
Fast development is able to using the hydraulic fracturing technology of high pressure water potential energy.In practical operation, hydraulic fracturing technology is relied on due to existing
Fracturing device structure design on limitation be present, modern fracturing device is in use, generally require a large amount of fracturing fluids, in this way, existing
Having fracturing device, often energy consumption is very high.
Utility model content
For the technical problems to be solved in the utility model to provide a kind of duct fracturing device, the duct fracturing device passes through it
Structure design, it can effectively reduce energy consumption.
A kind of duct fracturing device, including drilling rod, through hole is provided with the drilling rod axle center, the through hole is used for will
Fracturing outside liquid is conducted to the duct of desire pressure break, and concave station is provided with the external cylindrical surface of the drilling rod, is set on the concave station
Elastic packing mechanism is equipped with, one side of the elastic packing mechanism close to the drilling rod axle center is provided with expansion chamber, the expansion
Pod apertures are provided between chamber and the through hole.
Preferably, the elastic packing mechanism is rubber seal ring.
Preferably, the both sides of the elastic packing mechanism are provided with card article, are provided with the concave station and the card article
The bayonet socket matched somebody with somebody.
Preferably, the cross section of the elastic packing mechanism is trapezoidal.
Preferably, the front end of the drilling rod is provided with drill bit.
Preferably, infusion channel is provided with the drill bit, the entrance point of the infusion channel is connected to the through hole
On, the port of export of the infusion channel extends to the duct inwall for being intended to pressure break.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of duct fracturing process, with it, can be with highly effective, convenient realization
The pressure break in duct.
A kind of duct fracturing process, including step:
S01, drilling rod is stretched into be intended in the duct of pressure break until reach assigned position;
S02, fracturing fluid is imported into through hole, fracturing fluid flow direction is intended to inside the duct of pressure break and expansion chamber, works as expansion chamber
Elastic packing mechanism radial dilatation when interior compression exceedes design pressure, so as to be intended to be formed sealing in the duct of pressure break by duct
Inside and outside cut-off;
S03, fracturing fluid is continued to the duct internal pressurization that importing is intended to pressure break, duct inwall is pressurized and cracked;
S04, duct internal pressure relief, the pressure in expansion chamber reduce, elastic packing mechanism retraction so as to depressurization state,
Drilling rod is exited from post-fracturing duct.
Preferably, step S010 is also included before step S01, by drilling duct on drilling rod precession to the rock mass with drill bit.
Preferably, in step S010, outside coolant or/and lubricating fluid are imported into through hole, coolant or/and lubrication
Liquid is out of, through hole flows to drilling through infusion channel duct.
Preferably, in step S010, high rotating speed low feeding mode drilling is used in duct inducer during drill bit precession, from
And smooth hole wall is formed to strengthen the channel seal in step S02.
Preferably, in step S010, the slow-speed of revolution high feeding mode drilling is used in duct inner section during drill bit precession, from
And the coarse hole wall of stress concentration is formed to strengthen the generation of crackle in step S03.
Preferably, in step S010, the channel diameter of drill bit drilling is 30mm to 60mm.
Preferably, in step S010, the duct depth of drill bit drilling is 5 to 10 times of channel diameter.
Preferably, in step S04, fracturing fluid pushes away swollen duct inwall until cracking, and is cut outside crackle and rock mass
Section forms broken rock when penetrating, fracturing fluid leaks out to outside so as to duct internal pressure relief out of crackle.
Preferably, in addition to step S05, drilling rod is exited to the hole for stretching into next desire pressure break from post-fracturing duct
Road, wherein, according to duct pressure break degree between the duct for needing pressure break member-retaining portion duct without pressure break.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:The duct fracturing device provided by the utility model is set at drilling rod axle center
There is through hole to be used to conduct fracturing fluid, elastic packing mechanism, elastic packing are set on the concave station of the external cylindrical surface setting of drilling rod
It is provided with the expansion chamber communicated with through hole in mechanism, in fracturing process, fracturing fluid, which can flow into expansion chamber, makes elastic packing machine
Structure, so as to form sealing, can effectively prevent fracturing fluid from being flowed out inside duct, so as to effectively reduce energy consumption to radial dilatation.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art
Or the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only
It is embodiment of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, also
Other accompanying drawings can be obtained according to the accompanying drawing of offer.
Fig. 1 is that the structure when duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism disclosed in the utility model embodiment 1 shrinks is shown
It is intended to;
Structure when Fig. 2 is the duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism expansion disclosed in the utility model embodiment 1 is shown
It is intended to;
Structural representation when Fig. 3 is the duct fracturing device drilling disclosed in the utility model embodiment 2;
Structure when Fig. 4 is the duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism expansion disclosed in the utility model embodiment 2 is shown
It is intended to;
Fig. 5 is that the duct fracturing process disclosed in the utility model embodiment 3 carries out pressure break hole arrangement knot during the pressure break of duct
Structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, it is real below in conjunction with the application
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.
Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
The every other embodiment obtained, it should all belong to the scope of the application protection.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 provide a kind of specific embodiment of duct fracturing device of the utility model, its
In, Fig. 1 is the structural representation when duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism disclosed in the utility model embodiment 1 shrinks;
Structural representation when Fig. 2 is the duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism expansion disclosed in the utility model embodiment 1.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, present embodiment discloses a kind of duct fracturing device, it can be used for the engineerings such as constructing tunnel
The pressure break in duct in operation, the duct fracturing device include drilling rod 1, through hole 2, concave station 3, elastic packing mechanism 4, expansion chamber 5
With pod apertures 6.
In this programme, drilling rod 1 is mainly used in playing a supportive role.
Through hole 2 is provided with the axle center of drilling rod 1, through hole 2 is used to conduct fracturing outside liquid to the duct of desire pressure break
Portion.In general, fracturing fluid are High-Pressure Water, wherein, the frac pressure that fracturing fluid need to provide is by duct spacing, rock strength, cause
Density etc. determines that duct spacing is smaller, rock strength is higher, consistency is higher, it is necessary to frac pressure is higher, optimal parameter
With can be determined by experiment.The present embodiment is by experimental study surface, and hydraulic fracturing highest can use 140MPa in oil-gas mining
Pressure, broken rock driving pressure break can select pressure in 250~600MPa or so.
Concave station 3 is provided with the external cylindrical surface of drilling rod 1, concave station 3 is used to provide space to the installation of elastic packing mechanism 4.
During pressure break of pressurizeing, it is pressure break hydraulic pressure that drilling rod 1, which needs the axial reaction force F=P* π D*D/4, P that bear, units MPa (MPa), D
For drilling diameter, unit mm (millimeter), F are reaction force, unit N (newton).Other each parts press highest pressure break hydraulic pressure
Type selecting checks intensity.
Elastic packing mechanism 4 is provided with concave station 3, specifically, elastic packing mechanism 4 can be preferably rubber seal ring.
One side of the elastic packing mechanism 4 close to the axle center of drilling rod 1 is provided with expansion chamber 5, is set between expansion chamber 5 and through hole 2
It is equipped with pod apertures 6.
Remained retracted under the general state of elastic packing mechanism 4, its radial dimension is less than the radial dimension of hole wall, now duct
Inside and outside can not form sealing;When being passed through fracturing fluid in through hole 2, fracturing fluid enters expansion chamber 5, expansion chamber 5 by pod apertures 6
By compression swelling so as to cause elastic packing mechanism 4 to be expanded to radial direction, when the pressure in expansion chamber 5 reaches to a certain degree,
The outer wall of elastic packing mechanism 4 is pressed on the inwall in duct, so as to form sealing in duct.Specifically, duct is generally justified
Hole, elastic packing mechanism 4 are generally ring bodies, and the thickness of elastic packing mechanism 4 is selected with radial dimension by actual condition, but need
Ensure the gap width that the outer wall thickness after the expansion of elastic packing mechanism 4 can not be less than between drilling rod and hole wall.
In the present embodiment, pressure break is respectively adopted different frocks from drilling and realized, i.e. existing conventional drill dress is continued to use in drilling
Put, conventional drill device is removed after the shaping of duct, then the duct fracturing device that radial seal is carried in the present embodiment is stretched into hole
In road, close duct aperture and carry out pressure break.
After the completion of pressure break, then the devices such as outside mechanical scraper bowl are moved to broken rock working face just now, will be broken using teeth
Stone is peeled off rock mass and is collected into bucket, is then transferred on outside belt conveyor or dolly and transports.
Generally, the duct fracturing device provided by the utility model is provided with through hole 2 at the axle center of drilling rod 1 and is used for
Fracturing fluid is conducted, elastic packing mechanism 4 is set on the concave station 3 of the external cylindrical surface setting of drilling rod 1, set in elastic packing mechanism 4
Be equipped with the expansion chamber 5 communicated with through hole 2, in fracturing process, fracturing fluid can flow into expansion chamber 5 make elastic packing mechanism 4 to
Radial dilatation can effectively prevent fracturing fluid from being flowed out inside duct, so as to effectively reduce energy consumption so as to form sealing.
In addition, often compact structure, equipment are simple for the duct fracturing device provided by the utility model, it is not required to take wholesale
Space and production cost is relatively low.
For this duct fracturing device, in general, under same ROCK CONDITIONS, frac pressure is lower, duct pressure break dress
Put that reliability is higher, the duct spacing of drilling is bigger, and efficiency of breaking rock is higher.Simultaneously, it is contemplated that flow is little needed for pressure break, Ying
Meet the combination for selecting high pressure and big spacing on the premise of high-tension apparatus reliability as far as possible.
In addition, high pressure fracture flow is also contemplated that seepage in a small amount of leakage when elastic packing mechanism 4 seals and rock
This body structure is relevant with rock for leaky portion in part, wherein rock, can be determined by experiment.
In the present embodiment, to further facilitate the installation of elastic packing mechanism 4 and fixation, the both sides of elastic packing mechanism 4
Card article 7 is provided with, the bayonet socket 8 matched with card article 7 is provided with concave station 3.In use, card article 7 is embedded in bayonet socket 8 so as to have
Effect ensure elastic packing mechanism 4 be pressurized expansion when be stably connected with drilling rod 1.
In the present embodiment, further to slow down the surge of fracturing fluid in duct to the side wall of elastic packing mechanism 4, preferably
Ground, the cross section of elastic packing mechanism 4 is trapezoidal.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 provide a kind of the another of duct fracturing device of the utility model and are embodied
Example, wherein, structural representation when Fig. 3 is the duct fracturing device drilling disclosed in the utility model embodiment 2;Fig. 4 is this
Structural representation when duct fracturing device elastic packing mechanism disclosed in utility model embodiment 2 expands.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the front end of the drilling rod 1 of the duct fracturing device is provided with drill bit 9.Pass through
The setting of drill bit 9, duct fracturing device provided by the utility model both can the perforate on rock mass, the duct that will can be opened up again
Carry out pressure break.
Drilling mutually distinguishes with sealing pressure break action when the device that upper embodiment provides is implemented, and duct drilling is to pass through
Other special rigs, after the completion of drilling, then duct fracturing device provided by the utility model stretched into inside duct
Row ceasma operates, and cost is higher and wastes time and energy.And the device that the present embodiment provides can then be realized " drilling-sealing-pressure break "
Action is carried out continuously.
In the present embodiment, the front end of the drilling rod 1 of duct fracturing device is provided directly with drill bit 9.After drill bit 1 drills, insertion
The directly logical hydraulic pressure in hole 2 splits, and realizes the institutional operation of " drilling-sealing-pressure break ", reduces the professional rig of purchase and carrying is set
Standby cost and time saving and energy saving.
The equipment that the present embodiment provides is especially suitable for tunnel piercing, for tunnel piercing and oil-gas mining demand not
Together, in tunnel excavating process, the running parameter of deep, the more hole count in small-bore, shallow bore hole can be selected, and the present embodiment is straight by drill bit 9
The front end of the drilling rod 1 installed in duct fracturing device is connect, although drilling depth is not so good as other professional rigs, in this implementation
In example, shallow bore hole can be only bored, drill bit is not required to exit after being drilled, and carries out pressure break at once, can meet the needs of tunnel piercing,
Operating efficiency can be further improved, reduces overall energy consumption.
In addition, need to only produce the characteristics of crack is without keeping fracture open using broken rock, the guarantor in fracturing fluid is eliminated
Agent is held, further increases equipment operational reliability and life-span.
In boring procedure, other instruments can be added on drilling rod 1 and are cut so as to cut out radial and axial V-arrangement on hole wall
Groove, crackle is set to be produced by precalculated position and direction so as to form stress raiser, extension, in this way, later stage pressure can be significantly improved
Efficiency is split, drilling hole amount is reduced, improves overall efficiency of construction.
In the present embodiment, infusion channel 10 is provided with drill bit 9, the entrance point of infusion channel 10 is connected on through hole 2,
The port of export of infusion channel 10 extends to the duct inwall for being intended to pressure break.
Drilled using the drills for stone 9 for including infusion channel 10 in rock mass, now can be logical to transfusion by through hole 2
Road 10 can also aid in deslagging to the relatively low coolant of the discharge pressure of drill bit 9 or lubricating fluid by above-mentioned pipeline.
In general, duct inducer enter to give to be formed smooth hole wall using high rotating speed is low, strengthen elastic packing mechanism 4 with
The fitting tightness degree of duct hole wall, strengthen sealing effectiveness;Duct inner section is entered to give to form coarse hole using slow-speed of revolution height
Wall, it is easy to stress concentration, is more convenient the generation of crackle.
In the present embodiment, low pressure and mass flow pump and high-pressure low-flow pump cooperating can be used, it is big with low pressure during drilling
Flow material carries out cooling and lubricating and flushing cinder, with high-pressure low-flow spalling rock mass during pressure break, it is contemplated that the permeability of fine and close hard rock
Smaller and water compressibility is relatively low, can preferentially use the high-pressure pump of booster form.
Pass through the utility model, it is possible to achieve reality of slagging tap that non-blasting method tunnels in fine and close hard rock bottom, drilling-pressure break-
Now work continuously, improve efficiency of breaking rock, while reduce ground disturbance, it is ensured that construction safety, reduce dust and toxic smoke release, avoid
Environmental pollution, it is particularly suitable for the construction of densely inhabited district's underground engineering, especially noncircular cross section tunnel.
Embodiment 3:
The utility model additionally provides a kind of duct fracturing process, with it, can be with highly effective, convenient realization
The pressure break in duct.
A kind of duct fracturing process, including step:
S01, drilling rod 1 is stretched into be intended in the duct of pressure break until reach assigned position;
S02, fracturing fluid is imported into through hole 2, fracturing fluid flow direction is intended to inside the duct of pressure break and expansion chamber 5, works as expansion
The radial dilatation of elastic packing mechanism 4 when compression in chamber 5 exceedes design pressure, will so as to form sealing in the duct of desire pressure break
Duct is inside and outside to be separated;
S03, fracturing fluid is continued to the duct internal pressurization that importing is intended to pressure break, duct inwall is pressurized and cracked;
S04, duct internal pressure relief, the pressure in expansion chamber 5 reduce, and the retraction of elastic packing mechanism 4 is so as to depressurization shape
State, drilling rod 1 is exited from post-fracturing duct.
In the present embodiment, to improve the speed of duct pressure break, it is preferable that also include step S010 before step S01, pass through
The precession of drill bit 9 drilling duct on rock mass.In this way, fracturing fluid can be directly filled with after the drilling of drill bit 9 carries out duct pressure break, and
No longer need to use using conventional special drilling equipment.
In the present embodiment, cooling and lubrication when being drilled for convenience of drill bit 9, it is preferable that, will be outside cold in step S010
But liquid or/and lubricating fluid import through hole, and coolant or/and lubricating fluid flow to the duct of drilling from through hole through infusion channel
It is interior.
In the present embodiment, further to optimize sealing effectiveness of the elastic packing mechanism 4 to duct, it is preferable that in step
In S010, high rotating speed low feeding mode drilling is used in duct inducer during drill bit precession, so as to form smooth hole wall to strengthen
Channel seal in step S02.
It is that the generation for further making crackle is easier, is deeper in the present embodiment, it is preferable that in step S010, drill bit 9
The high feeding mode drilling of the slow-speed of revolution is used in duct inner section during precession, so as to form the coarse hole wall of stress concentration to strengthen step
The generation of crackle in rapid S03.
In the present embodiment, further to strengthen the fracturing effect in duct, it is preferable that in step S010, the drilling of drill bit 9
Channel diameter is 30mm to 60mm.Preferably, in step S010, the duct depth of drill bit drilling is the 5 to 10 of channel diameter
Times.
In the present embodiment, to ensure the accuracy of duct internal pressure relief time, it is preferable that in step S04, fracturing fluid pushes away
Swollen duct inwall is until crack, and when crackle during truncation surface insertion outside rock mass with forming broken rock, fracturing fluid oozes out of crackle
Leakage is to outside so as to duct internal pressure relief.
In the present embodiment, to improve operating efficiency, it is preferable that also including step S05, by drilling rod 1 from post-fracturing duct
In exit stretch into it is next desire pressure break duct, wherein, according to duct pressure break degree between the duct for needing pressure break member-retaining portion
Duct is without pressure break.
Fig. 5 is that the duct fracturing process disclosed in the utility model embodiment 3 carries out pressure break hole arrangement knot during the pressure break of duct
Structure schematic diagram.Pressure break hole arrangement shows, during the pressure break of duct, can separately arrange pressure break hole, that is to say, that each two pressure break hole
Between stay a duct to be not required to carry out pressure break, but design pressure of pressure break pore pressure when splitting, still can make crack growth to not
The duct of pressure break.In Fig. 5, the hole with radiation represents pressure break hole a, and radiation represents crackle.Hole not with radiation represents not
Need the duct b of pressure break.
Specifically, can be drilled using multiple drill bits simultaneously, which part hole is used as other pressures of periphery without pressure break
The scope of freedom of ceasma, improve drivage efficiency.In the higher stratum of confined pressure, crackle is difficult to produce and extended in rock mass, which
Pressure break efficiency can be effectively improved.
A kind of duct fracturing device provided by the utility model is described in detail above.Tool used herein
Body example is set forth to principle of the present utility model and embodiment, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help and understood
Method and its core concept of the present utility model.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not taking off
On the premise of from the utility model principle, some improvement and modification can also be carried out to the utility model, these are improved and modification
Also fall into the protection domain of the utility model claims.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. duct fracturing device, it is characterised in that including drilling rod, through hole is provided with the drilling rod axle center, it is described to pass through Through hole is used to conduct fracturing outside liquid to the duct of desire pressure break, and concave station, institute are provided with the external cylindrical surface of the drilling rod State and elastic packing mechanism is provided with concave station, one side of the elastic packing mechanism close to the drilling rod axle center is provided with expansion Chamber, pod apertures are provided between the expansion chamber and the through hole.
- 2. duct fracturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the elastic packing mechanism is rubber seal Ring.
- 3. duct fracturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the both sides of the elastic packing mechanism are provided with Card article, the bayonet socket matched with the card article is provided with the concave station.
- 4. duct fracturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cross section of the elastic packing mechanism is ladder Shape.
- 5. duct fracturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the front end of the drilling rod is provided with drill bit, institute State and infusion channel is provided with drill bit, the entrance point of the infusion channel is connected on the through hole, the infusion channel The port of export extends to the duct inwall for being intended to pressure break.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107023292A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-08 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | A kind of duct fracturing device and method |
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2017
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107023292A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-08 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | A kind of duct fracturing device and method |
CN107023292B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2024-02-02 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Pore canal fracturing device and method |
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