CN206781521U - Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system - Google Patents

Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206781521U
CN206781521U CN201720318274.4U CN201720318274U CN206781521U CN 206781521 U CN206781521 U CN 206781521U CN 201720318274 U CN201720318274 U CN 201720318274U CN 206781521 U CN206781521 U CN 206781521U
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China
Prior art keywords
wheel
motor
drive motor
wheel drive
speed
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CN201720318274.4U
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Inventor
朱光海
马英
吴胜涛
郭鑫
邹鹏飞
雷波
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Yutong Bus Co Ltd
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Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of pure electric automobile and its power-driven system, power-driven system includes front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor, preceding wheel decelerator is connected with front-wheel drive motor, it is connected with rear wheel decelerator on rear wheel drive motor, the design speed of one in front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor is higher than another.The beneficial effects of the utility model：Design speed is only worked than relatively low motor under the low climbable gradient operating mode of low speed using entire car controller during use, ensure good starting and grade climbing performance；The higher motor of design speed is only worked under high-speed working condition, meet max. speed needs；Under the high climbable gradient operating mode of low speed, two motors can be made to work together, meet vehicle high-torque needs.Each motor coordination work so that low speed is started to walk and climbing, max. speed can be taken into account, and each motor is operated in high efficient district, has both met power performance demand or can take into account efficiency optimization under vehicle full working scope.

Description

Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of pure electric automobile and its power-driven system.
Background technology
Pure electric automobile can preferably solve that fossil energy is in short supply and problem of environmental pollution, and pure electric automobile is dynamic at present Power-driven system mainly has electric-machine directly-driven, motor to add three kinds of configurations such as gearbox drives and wheel side distribution drives.From current From the point of view of market manifestation, the configuration with gearbox due to needing shift hunting, gear change caused by pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense is relatively strong, fault rate compared with Height, influence client and drive to experience；Electric-machine directly-driven configuration is to be acted directly on by motor on back axle or using wheel hub electricity Machine, though this drive form fault rate is low, climbing, max. speed can not be taken into account.
It is that wheel motor is disposed adjacent on the vehicle frame of driving wheel to take turns the distributed driving in side, then is driven via decelerator Wheel, this type of drive eliminate differential mechanism, and the torque of each driving wheel is individually controllable, and compact-sized, transmission is efficiently, pure There is very big development potentiality on electric automobile.But because decelerator is directly connected with wheel driving, vehicle is in normally travel mistake Cheng Zhong, when wheel motor does not need work, decelerator and wheel motor are all servo-actuated with wheel, are thus still needed Will to wheel motor power so that its really " not contributing ", although the electric current being at this moment passed through is smaller, long-term work is got off, Or the energy consumption of vehicle can be increased, therefore this type of drive is also less desirable.Simultaneously in addition to wheel motor, decelerator Also it equally also result in energy loss ceaselessly with turn, also be had a certain impact for the service life of decelerator.
At present, the main still low speed starting of various drive form common problems and nothing between climbing, max. speed Method is taken into account, and each motor can not be operated in high efficient district well, and system overall efficiency is than relatively low.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that providing one kind can realize that starting climbing and max. speed can be simultaneous by controlling The power-driven system of Gu；The purpose of this utility model, which also resides in, provides a kind of pure electronic vapour using the power-driven system Car.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme of power-driven system is in the utility model：
A kind of power-driven system, including for driving the front-wheel drive motor of front-wheel and for driving the trailing wheel of trailing wheel to drive Motor is moved, preceding wheel decelerator is connected with front-wheel drive motor, rear wheel decelerator, front-wheel drive is connected with rear wheel drive motor The design speed of one in motor and rear wheel drive motor is higher than another.
The front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor are wheel motor, the preceding wheel decelerator and rear wheel decelerator It is hub reduction gear.
The output end of each hub reduction gear is respectively connected with clutch, and the other end of clutch is used for and corresponding wheel phase Even.
The technical scheme of pure electric automobile is in the utility model：
A kind of pure electric automobile, including front-wheel, trailing wheel, the power-driven system for being connected with front wheels and rear wheels, power Drive system includes the front-wheel drive motor of driving front-wheel and the rear wheel drive motor of driving trailing wheel, is connected on front-wheel drive motor There is preceding wheel decelerator, be connected with rear wheel decelerator on rear wheel drive motor, one in front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor Individual design speed is higher than another.
The front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor are wheel motor, the preceding wheel decelerator and rear wheel decelerator It is hub reduction gear.
The output end of each hub reduction gear is respectively connected with clutch, and the other end of clutch is used for and corresponding wheel phase Even.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Due to the design of one in front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor Rotating speed is higher than another, so when in use, it is possible to makes design speed than relatively low motor using entire car controller Only worked under the low climbable gradient operating mode of low speed, ensure good starting and grade climbing performance；Make the driving electricity that design speed is higher Machine only works under high-speed working condition, meets the needs of max. speed；And under the high climbable gradient operating mode of low speed, two motors can be made Work together, meet vehicle high-torque needs.So each motor coordination work so that low speed is started to walk and climbed, max. speed is equal It can be taken into account, and by the reasonable Arrangement of design speed each motor can be made to be operated in high efficient district, can meet that vehicle moves Power demand can also take into account efficiency optimization under vehicle work full working scope, reduce power loss, improve system overall efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of pure electric automobile in the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the mode of operation schematic diagram of power-driven system.
In figure：1. trailing wheel；2. front-wheel；3. front clutch；4. front wheel edge motor；5. front-wheel side reducer；6. trailing wheel side subtracts Fast device；Wheel motor after 7.；Clutch after 8.；I. climbable gradient；V. speed；T. vehicle output torque；M. vehicle Return moment；E. Energy feedback.
Embodiment
One embodiment of pure electric automobile is as shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 2, including two front-wheels, 2, two trailing wheels 1 and power drive Dynamic system, the power-driven system include 4 Direct wheel drives units being connected respectively with each wheel, each Direct wheel drives unit by Wheel motor, decelerator and clutch are formed, such as front-wheel 2, and the configuration of the Direct wheel drives unit connected on two front-wheels 2 is It is identical, including front wheel edge motor 4 (M1), front-wheel side reducer 5 be connected to the output end of front wheel edge motor 4, preceding clutch Device 3 (C1) is connected between front-wheel side reducer 5 and front-wheel 2.
Likewise, the configuration of the Direct wheel drives unit connected on two trailing wheels 1 is also identical, including trailing wheel side Motor 7 (M2), rear hub reduction gear 6 are connected to the output end of rear wheel motor 7, and rear clutch 8 (C2) is connected to trailing wheel side and subtracted Between fast device 6 and trailing wheel 1.Two front wheel edge motors 4 form front wheel edge group of motors, and wheel motor 7 forms trailing wheel side electricity after two Unit, what power-driven system also included being connected with front wheel edge group of motors and trailing wheel side group of motors is used to control front wheel edge group of motors The entire car controller (not shown) for working independently or working simultaneously with trailing wheel side group of motors.
Because front and rear four wheels use Direct wheel drives, therefore vehicle has Anti-slip regulation, the handling stability of distributed driving Improve the unique advantage with high-steering flexibility.Turned round in addition, front and rear wheel side reducer plays a part of slowing down increasing, so that Automobile has preferable climbing capacity.Clutch has two kinds of working conditions of separation and engagement, and forward and backward clutch is that electronics is automatic Clutch, facilitates the switching between clutch working condition, and during wheel motor normal work, corresponding clutch is in joint shape State, ensure that power can be for delivery on wheel, when clutch is in released state, wheel disconnects with dynamical system, dynamical system System is stopped not output torque.
In the present embodiment, in order to meet the power demand of vehicle low speed climbing high pulling torque and high-speed high-power, by two The max. speed that front wheel edge motor 4 is designed to be met by is 70km/h, max. climb slope 12%, is so not only able to meet The demand of low speed climbing high pulling torque, starting performance is good, and the specification of front wheel edge motor 4 is little, occupies little space, so as to Reduce arrangement difficulty.During practical application, the dynamical system comprehensive high-efficiency area of front wheel edge motor 4 and front-wheel side reducer 5 is designed as Meet the conventional low torsion region of low speed of the bus of vehicle semi-load speed per hour 20km/h and climbable gradient 6% or so, when speed exceedes Not output torque during F-Zero 70km/h, so as to reduce the requirement to wheel motor bearing and power of motor.
Design in car in the system high efficiency area that wheel motor 7 is exported by rear hub reduction gear 6 after two in the present embodiment Semi-load speed per hour 70km/h or so passenger train often uses high-speed region, four motor coordinations work, has both met power performance need Seek the efficiency optimization also taken into account under vehicle work full working scope.
The specific control method of power-driven system, i.e., the specific works pattern of four motors are：As shown in Fig. 2 work as car When speed is less than 70km/h, climbable gradient is less than 12%, especially in vehicle semi-load speed per hour 20km/h and climbable gradient 6% or so, by Entire car controller only controls front wheel edge group of motors to work, the now output of two front wheel edge motors 4 and front-wheel side reducer 5 Moment of torsion can meet vehicle moment of torsion and speed demand, and at this moment front clutch 3 is in engagement state by the control of entire car controller, after Wheel motor group does not work, it is not necessary to output torque, therefore rear clutch 8 is in released state, at this moment due to trailing wheel and power System is disconnected, therefore trailing wheel side group of motors and rear hub reduction gear will not can be supplied not with vehicle wheel rotation, trailing wheel side group of motors Electricity, so as to reduce energy consumption, while energy loss caused by decelerator dallies is also reduced, ensure that decelerator uses the longevity Life.
When speed is less than 70km/h, climbable gradient is more than 12%, now only front wheel edge group of motors can not meet to climb greatly The torque demand of degree, therefore worked simultaneously by vehicle control unit controls front wheel edge group of motors and trailing wheel side group of motors, met with this The big output torque demand that low speed is climbed with vehicle during accelerating mode, now front clutch 3 and rear clutch 8 are in connecing certainly Conjunction state.
When speed is under the high-speed working condition more than 70km/h, the group of motors work of trailing wheel side is only controlled by entire car controller with full Sufficient vehicle torque demand, at this moment motor speed requirement is higher, and the power of rear wheel motor 7 is more than the power of front wheel edge motor 4, this When front clutch 3 be in released state, rear clutch 8 is in engagement state, and front wheel edge group of motors can not power, reduce whole Car energy consumption, front-wheel side reducer no longer dally, and reduce energy loss.
Wherein, more electric efficiency optimum torque Optimized Implementation Methods below 70km/h speeds are：Power sexual satisfaction needs Economy driving force allocation model object function on the premise of asking：
Wherein kiTotal driving torque value is accounted for for the torque value of motor Proportionality coefficient, TxiFor each drive system output torque value, niFor the rotating speed of drive system output, ηM1For wheel motor and wheel side Efficiency of the Direct wheel drives system that decelerator is formed under current torque and rotating speed, ηM2To concentrate the driving of motor and vehicle bridge composition Efficiency of the system under current torque and rotating speed.Its physical significance is to carry out most optimal sorting to the driving torque for distributing to each motor Match somebody with somebody, it is optimal to reach Full Vehicle System system overall efficiency, so as to improve the economy of electric vehicle.The efficiency of drive system can be with According to current rotating speed, torque by being obtained to the data lookup table of engine bench test early stage.
Constraints is：2Tx1+Tx2≥Txreq＆＆u≤70km/h, represent distribute to each wheel zigzag tread patterns torque it With longitudinal demand T of driver to be metxreqAnd speed u is less than 70km/h.
Certainly, corresponding adjustment can also be done according to the actual operating mode of automobile, the performance parameter of forward and backward wheel motor, The control method of i.e. above-mentioned power-driven system is also adjustable, such as the highest being met by of front wheel edge design of electrical motor Speed can be chosen in the range of 65~75km/h, and the value is set to a, certain a in addition to 70 or 65 or 75 or other values；The max. climb slope being met by of front wheel edge design of electrical motor can be selected in the range of 10~14% Take, the value is set to b, and certain b is in addition to 12 or 10 or 14 or other values.
Power-driven system in the utility model is all made using the wheel distributed type of drive in side, four motor coordinations With can meet low speed starting climbing high pulling torque demand, can also meet high-speed high-power demand, take into account under vehicle work full working scope Efficiency optimization, reduce system loss, and lifting system utilization ratio to greatest extent, improve the environmental suitability of vehicle, energy Enough meet a variety of demands of user.In addition, multi-motor coordination works, the reliability of vehicle is also improved, when single motor goes wrong When, other motors can also continue to co-ordination, and vehicle can continue to travel.Meanwhile current wheel motor or rear wheel motor When not needing work, it can be made to be disconnected with wheel by clutch, avoid motor and decelerator from following wheel spin, reduce electricity Consumption, lift vehicle economy.
In the other embodiment of pure electric automobile：Clutch can also be arranged between wheel motor and decelerator； Power-driven system can not also include clutch；Front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor can also concentrate motor, Drive two front-wheels or the action of two trailing wheels simultaneously by a concentration motor, or front-wheel drive motor is wheel motor, trailing wheel Motor is to concentrate motor.
The implementation of power-driven system is for example shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 2, the power-driven system and the power in above-described embodiment Drive system is identical, will not be described in detail herein.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. power-driven system, it is characterised in that：Including for drive the front-wheel drive motor of front-wheel and for driving after The rear wheel drive motor of wheel, preceding wheel decelerator is connected with front-wheel drive motor, trailing wheel deceleration is connected with rear wheel drive motor Device, the design speed of one in front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor are higher than another.
  2. 2. power-driven system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Front-wheel drive motor and the rear wheel drive electricity Machine is wheel motor, and the preceding wheel decelerator and rear wheel decelerator are hub reduction gear.
  3. 3. power-driven system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The output end of each hub reduction gear is respectively connected with Clutch, the other end of clutch are used to be connected with corresponding wheel.
  4. 4. a kind of pure electric automobile, including front-wheel, trailing wheel, the power-driven system for being connected with front wheels and rear wheels, its feature It is：Power-driven system includes the front-wheel drive motor of driving front-wheel and the rear wheel drive motor of driving trailing wheel, front-wheel drive Preceding wheel decelerator is connected with motor, rear wheel decelerator, front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive are connected with rear wheel drive motor The design speed of one in motor is higher than another.
  5. 5. pure electric automobile according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The front-wheel drive motor and rear wheel drive motor It is wheel motor, the preceding wheel decelerator and rear wheel decelerator are hub reduction gear.
  6. 6. pure electric automobile according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The output end of each hub reduction gear be respectively connected with from Clutch, the other end of clutch are used to be connected with corresponding wheel.
CN201720318274.4U 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system Active CN206781521U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201720318274.4U CN206781521U (en) 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108656938A (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-16 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system and its control method
CN108773267A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-09 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 The electric vehicle of single motor four-wheel drive is got rid of poverty control method
CN110254196A (en) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-20 北京华田汽车科技有限公司 With the smooth distributed drive system framework of torque

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108656938A (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-16 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 Pure electric automobile and its power-driven system and its control method
CN110254196A (en) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-20 北京华田汽车科技有限公司 With the smooth distributed drive system framework of torque
CN108773267A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-09 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 The electric vehicle of single motor four-wheel drive is got rid of poverty control method

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Address after: 450061 Yudao Road, Guancheng District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province

Patentee after: Yutong Bus Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 450016 Yutong Industrial Zone, eighteen Li River, Henan, Zhengzhou

Patentee before: ZHENGZHOU YUTONG BUS Co.,Ltd.