CN206775761U - Layer structure electric heater - Google Patents
Layer structure electric heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN206775761U CN206775761U CN201720390780.4U CN201720390780U CN206775761U CN 206775761 U CN206775761 U CN 206775761U CN 201720390780 U CN201720390780 U CN 201720390780U CN 206775761 U CN206775761 U CN 206775761U
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- insulating layer
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of layer structure electric heater, it is characterized in that layered structure includes metal decking, flexible conductive structure and ceramic layered insulating barrier, the flexible conductive structure is between the metal decking and layered ceramic insulating layer, layered ceramic insulating layer is sintered to be combined with electric heating element, and layered ceramic insulating layer is the ceramic insulating layer through the combination of multilayer co-firing knot under pressure state.The utility model thermal shock resistance is strong, service life length, temperature control is sensitive and high-temperature corrosion resistance performance is strong, heating surface is uniform, thermal inertia is small, firing rate is fast, power density is big, the thermal efficiency is high, planform and power density designs flexibility are big, cost-effective, environmental protection and energy saving.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of layer structure electric heater.
Background technology
Electric heating material that existing electric heating element uses mainly has the lectrothermal alloy wire of electrothermal tube, thick film electric heating element
Tungsten high temperature exothermic material and PTC heater elements that thick-film resistor, MCH electric heating elements use etc.；The insulating materials of use is main
There are the magnesia powder of electrothermal tube, the mica sheet of electric fever tablet, the devitrified glass of thick film electric heating element or glass glaze, MCH electric heating member
Alumina ceramic plate that part uses etc..
The electric fever tablet in existing middle Low-temp. electrothermal field has the following disadvantages, is sent out using the electrothermal tube or electricity of lectrothermal alloy wire
Backing area of dissipation is smaller, and insulating barrier is thicker, and wire temperature is very high, uneven, and local easily overheat, liquid heat exchange are easily born water
Dirt, and volume is big, thermal inertia is big, and temperature sensitive member reaction speed is relatively slow, relatively inefficient, because heat excessively collects
Middle short life；High-power thick-film electric heating element using thick-film technique manufacture is present because of thermal expansion factor thermal shock resistance not
The problem of foot, poor reliability, high cost, the practical product effectively combined with austenitic stainless steel can not be provided；PTC heater elements
The puzzlement of power attenuation be present.
The content of the invention
The utility model technical problem to be solved first is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of layer structure
Electric heater, have thermal shock resistance strong, safety, health, uniformly, thermal inertia it is small, temperature sensitive member is swift in response, efficiency
Height, there is the characteristics of light, thin, fast.Therefore, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
Layer structure electric heater, it is characterised in that layered structure includes metal decking, flexible conductive structure and layer
Shape ceramic insulating layer, the flexible conductive structure are between the metal decking and layered ceramic insulating layer, the layer
Shape ceramic insulating layer is sintered to be combined with electric heating element, and layered ceramic insulating layer is through multilayer co-firing knot under pressure state
With reference to ceramic insulating layer.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal is employed, the utility model can also use technical scheme further below：
Layered ceramic insulating layer is sintered to be combined with metal substrate, and the metal substrate is in the flexible heat conduction knot
Between structure and layered ceramic insulating layer.
Layered ceramic insulating layer is sintered to be combined with metal substrate, and the metal substrate is in the flexible heat conduction knot
Between structure and layered ceramic insulating layer, the metal substrate and the flexible conductive structure and layered ceramic insulating layer
Connection.
The flexible conductive structure is soft graphite block, flexible graphite plate or soft graphite layer.
The flexible conductive structure is the composite and flexible heat-conducting block of soft graphite and metallic fiber composition, composite and flexible heat conduction
Plate or composite and flexible heat-conducting layer.
Soft graphite is also known as expanded graphite, meet high temperature can 150~300 times of moment volumetric expansion, vermiform is changed into from sheet,
Porous and bend so as to loosely organized, expanded surface area, surface energy improve, absorption crystalline flake graphite power strengthens, quasiflake graphite it
Between can voluntarily be fitted together to, so add its flexibility, resilience and plasticity.
The metal decking is typically using the strong austenitic stainless steel of decay resistance at high operating temperatures, with ceramic insulation
Thermal expansion character differs greatly between layer, flexible conductive structure mistake between two kinds of rigid materials of metal decking and ceramic insulating layer
Cross, and the metal substrate combined with ceramic insulating layer direct sintering can use the material of thermal expansion character matching, improve anti-thermal shock
Performance, meanwhile, also improve metal decking temperature homogeneity.
The electric heating element is sintered in the form of circuit pattern to be combined together with insulating barrier, formed by electric heating element with
The local layer stack structure of insulating barrier composition.
The electric heating element can be electrothermal alloy paillon foil, or alloy/glass ceramic composite material electric heating element.Close
Alloy described in gold/glass ceramic composite material electric heating element is alloying pellet and/or alloy fiber.
Layer structure electric heater can also contain both containing the hardware for playing transmission heat effect and play structural strengthening
The hardware of effect, such as described metal substrate.Hardware can be the metal parts such as plate, thin slice, circle, pipe, stamping parts,
It can be combinations thereof part.The sub-assembly contains the metal parts of a variety of different heat expansion coefficients.
The number of plies of the ceramic insulating layer multilayer co-firing is generally 2--15 layers, and the very few number of plies impact of performance is bad, crosses multilayer
Number increase manufacture difficulty and cost.
The sintering temperature of the ceramic insulating layer multilayer co-firing is generally 800-1150 DEG C.
The pressure of ceramic insulating layer sintering is generally 0.5-20.0Mpa.
Described ceramic insulating layer can contain glass ceramics, be particle dispersion multiphase composite.Glass ceramics presses body
Product percentages are 20%--95%,
Glass ceramics described in the utility model can be LAS series vitro-ceramics or BAS series vitro-ceramics, CAS
Series vitro-ceramic or other P series glass ceramics.
Insulating barrier described in the utility model can use laminated glazing ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic, and it is with glass ceramics
For matrix phase, with oxide ceramics (such as silica, aluminum oxide, magnesia), non-oxide ceramicses (such as silicon nitride, aluminium nitride)
For reinforcement (so-called reinforcement can be the enhancing of intensity or the enhancing of other performance such as heat conductivility etc.), use
Layer structure, it is made through the multilayer co-firing knot under pressure state.
Ceramic insulating layer described in the utility model has metal edge frame, and it is a kind of hardware, its height or thickness
Generally higher than it is equal to layered ceramic laminated thickness.
Insulating barrier described in the utility model can use multiphase composite (multiphase composite
Ceramics), it is using glass ceramics as matrix, to improve various performances, the reinforcements such as various ceramic particles is added, using layer
Shape structure type is combined as laminated glazing ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic.Ceramics typically enbrittle, but compression strength is very
Height, tensile strength is relatively low, there is the difference on the order of magnitude.Therefore, the utility model employs laminated structure ceramics, and can be to stratiform
Ceramics employ following comprehensive enhancing, Toughening Measures to improve thermal shock resistance：Material is improved using multilayer pressure co-sintering
Compactness, the crack defect in multiphase composite body is eliminated as far as possible；In glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic add as
Grain (nano particle and/or micron particles) and/or whisker and/or fiber and/or silk and/or piece and/or net and/or braid etc.
Reinforcement；Employ yttria stabilizator and/or the Strengthening and Toughening mode such as crystal whisker toughened and/or fiber reinforced；Using with metal
The layer structure design of frame；It is ceramic layered to be in pressured state in conventional operating temperature range.It is above-mentioned mainly taking
Of the present invention ceramic layered between hardware after measure, the bond strength between the electric heating element and insulating barrier is more
Height, thermal shock resistance are stronger.
The metal decking can be heater heating panel or itself can be exactly electrical heating utensil container body
One or more heating work faces.
Manufacturing process and method are summarized as follows：The slurry of ceramic layered insulating barrier is by the glass (softening of parent glass of BAS systems
Generally 600--800 DEG C of point) ceramic process ball milling of the particle through routine, sieving, mixing, granularity is generally less than 3 μm,
Stirred after being blended into the auxiliary materials such as binding agent, it is stand-by through being cast or rolling film or other technological formings that slurry is made.
One or more layers glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic insulating barrier raw cook, which is put, in metallic substrate surfaces (contains glass
60-80%), part or all of glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic insulating barrier raw cook studs with frame, a piece of raw cook therein
Circuit pattern made of electrothermal alloy paillon foil is inlaid with, through in general degreasing, dumping, vacuumizes, be filled with the processes such as inert gas,
In hot-pressed sintering furnace, ceramic layered insulating barrier is using under pressure state (generally 0.5MPa≤pressure≤20.0MPa)
Multilayer co-firing knot, during common burning, as temperature rises to softening point, the parent glass in ceramic layered green compact occurs soft
Change, deformation, under the axial direction in laminated thickness direction (Z axis) pressure (generally 0.5MPa≤pressure≤20.0MPa) effect, lamination
Thickness is shunk, and the area of plane vertical with the laminated thickness direction does not reduce, X-axis (length or diametric(al))
It is ceramic layered to extrude even there occurs expansion behavior and/or Y-axis (width or diametric(al)) does not shrink behavior
Under improve ceramic dense degree and inter-layer bonding force.When temperature rises to crystallization section, split-phase coring, crystallization occur for parent glass
Deng reaction, a large amount of crystallites are born in crystallization in the original location, form glass ceramics.Compared with the glass ceramics of additional ex situ crystallization,
Using in-situ crystallization glass ceramics and sintered under pressure state, control crystal grow up, make crystal size, shape be more suitable for producing
Product performance requirement, glass phase is reduced, improve thermal shock resistance.
Ceramic insulating layer of the present utility model reduces sintering temperature, reduced simultaneously using being sintered under pressure state
The energy resource consumption of manufacturing process, product quality and qualification rate and production efficiency are also substantially increased, reduce production cost, saved
Can emission reduction.
Metal decking, flexible conductive structure, ceramic layered insulating barrier is (sintered to be combined with metal substrate and electrothermal alloy
Paillon foil) laminated construction and fixation are formed, layer structure electric heater is made.
Due to using the technical solution of the utility model, insulating barrier described in the utility model, metal substrate, electric heating element it
Between bond strength it is high, both with the advantages of sheet electric heater thermal inertia is small, heating surface is uniform, while because using flexible heat conduction
Structure, isolate thermal dilation difference of the transition between metal decking and ceramic layered insulating barrier, there is traditional electric heating pipe type to heat again
The strong point that device heat-resistant impact ability is strong, cost is low, while the utility model metal decking is as used 304 austenite stainless steel metals
Panel, decay resistance at high operating temperatures is strong, service life length, substantially increases food safety and sanitation performance.And work(
Rate density is big, and the thermal efficiency is high, and unit volume area of dissipation is big, and planform and power density designs flexibility are big, have not consumed
The heavy metals such as non-ferrous metal, lead and noble metal, environmental protection and energy saving.Have widely in the middle low temperature field of electric heating of industry and household electrical appliance
Application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional elevation of square stratiform electric heating piece embodiment provided by the utility model.
Embodiment
Referring to the drawings 1.The present embodiment provided for square stratiform electric heating piece (square type Metal substrate 80mm × 80mm ×
3mm, 73 volts of voltage, 350 watts of power), it includes 304 austenitic stainless steel metal deckings 11, heat-conducting layer soft graphite 12, iron element
Build (430) metal substrate 13, glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic insulating barrier 22,23, outer elastic mounts 17, Inner elasticity are solid
Determine frame 18, insulating barrier has flange with metal interior frame 15, metal outer rim 16, ferrite type (430) metal substrate 13,
Fe-based perovskite-like oxide paillon foil 25, institute are combined between BAS series vitro-ceramic base multiphase composite ceramics insulating barrier 22,23 insulating barriers
State electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25 and be combined with nickel alloy electrode 26.
Manufacturing process is summarized as follows：
BAS (Ba are put in the non-radiating working face of the stainless steel plate of metal substrate 13 with flange2O3-Al203-SiO2) system
Glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic layer 22,23 insulating barrier raw cooks (contain glass 60-80%, softening point is generally 600--800
DEG C), each layer ceramic green sheet thickness is 0.3-0.8mm, glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic raw cook stud with metal interior frame 15,
Metal outer rim 16；There is circuit pattern-electricity through punching process shaping between glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic raw cook 22,23
Heat seal gold foil 25, electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25 are combined with electrode 26.
After completion of the above process, through the Ceramic manufacturing normal process steps such as degreasing, exhaust, dumping, then in hot-pressed sintering furnace,
Ceramic layered insulating barrier uses the multilayer co-firing knot of under pressure state (pressure about 5MPa), during common burning, with temperature
Rise to softening point, softening, deformation occur for the parent glass in ceramic layered green compact, at the axial direction in laminated thickness direction (Z axis)
Under pressure (pressure about 5MPa) effect, laminated thickness is shunk, the diametric(al) vertical with laminated thickness direction hair
Expansion has been given birth to, it is ceramic layered to improve ceramic dense degree and inter-layer bonding force under extrusion.When temperature rises to crystallization section, base
The reaction such as split-phase coring, crystallization occurs for plinth glass, bears a large amount of crystallites in crystallization in the original location, forms glass ceramics.With it is additional non-
The glass ceramics of in-situ crystallization is compared, using in-situ crystallization glass ceramics and sintered under pressure state, control crystal grow up,
Crystal size, shape is more suitable for properties of product requirement, reduce glass phase, improve thermal shock resistance.
Heated 55 minutes, the normal sintering process of furnace cooling, BAS series vitro-ceramics after being incubated 35 minutes to 1050 DEG C
Base multiphase composite ceramic layer 22 is diffused into the capillary porosity on the surface of ferrite type metal substrate 13, and glass ceramics Quito is mutually multiple
Penetrated between conjunction ceramic layer 22,23 in the hole on other side surface mutually, glass ceramics base multiphase composite ceramic layer 22,23 is diffused into
In the capillary porosity on the surface of electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25, respectively formed chemistry and/or physical bond, with reference to form be mainly element
Or the counterdiffusion of molecule phase and/or mechanical sealed and/or chemical bonds；Ferritic stainless steels metal substrate 13 and insulating barrier 22
Between, together with strong bonded, electric-heating assembly is made between insulating barrier 22,23 in electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25.
There is phase between the ferritic stainless steels metal substrate 13, electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25 and insulating barrier 22,23
The thermal coefficient of expansion matched somebody with somebody, to adapt to the change of the thermograde between electrothermal alloy paillon foil 25 and ferritic stainless steels metal substrate 13
Change.
By metal decking (thickness 2mm), heat-conducting layer flexible graphite plate (thickness 2mm), ceramic layered insulating barrier (sintered knot
Conjunction has metal substrate and Fe-based perovskite-like oxide paillon foil) laminated construction is formed, and with outer elastic mounts 17, Inner elastic mounts
18 fix, and layer structure electric heater is made.
The metal decking is using 304 strong austenitic stainless steels of decay resistance at high operating temperatures, with ceramic insulation
Thermal expansion character differs greatly between layer, flexible graphite transition between two kinds of rigid materials of metal decking and ceramic insulating layer,
The metal substrate combined with ceramic insulating layer direct sintering uses ferrite type (430) stainless steel of thermal expansion character matching, carries
High thermal shock resistance, meanwhile, also improve metal decking temperature homogeneity.
Using one group of series connection of the present embodiment three, two groups of parallel connections be made 2000 watts, 220 volts of voltage, 250mm × 180mm gold
Belong to the uniform heating zone of panel, stove, more currently a popular 3000 watts of electric heating are taken off available for 300 DEG C of thermal conductivity electricity of heating-up temperature ﹤
Pipe heat radiation+heat convection type electricity takes off stove and improves efficiency more than 30%.
The present embodiment has under heated condition that decay resistance is strong, heating surface is uniform, heat-resistant impact ability is strong, unit volume
The advantages of heating surface (area) (HS is big, cost-effective, in industry and gas, liquid, the food of the middle low temperature field of electric heating of household electrical appliance
Had a wide range of applications in heater.
Claims (5)
1. layer structure electric heater, it is characterised in that layered structure includes metal decking, flexible conductive structure and stratiform
Ceramic insulating layer, the flexible conductive structure is between the metal decking and layered ceramic insulating layer, layered
Ceramic insulating layer is sintered to be combined with electric heating element, and layered ceramic insulating layer is through multilayer co-firing knot knot under pressure state
The ceramic insulating layer of conjunction.
2. layer structure electric heater as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the layered sintered knot of ceramic insulating layer
Conjunction has metal substrate, and the metal substrate is between the flexible conductive structure and layered ceramic insulating layer.
3. layer structure electric heater as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the layered sintered knot of ceramic insulating layer
Conjunction has metal substrate, and the metal substrate is between the flexible conductive structure and layered ceramic insulating layer, the gold
Category substrate connects with the flexible conductive structure and layered ceramic insulating layer.
4. the layer structure electric heater as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that the flexible conductive structure is flexibility
Graphite block, flexible graphite plate or soft graphite layer.
5. the layer structure electric heater as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that the flexible conductive structure is flexibility
Composite and flexible heat-conducting block, composite and flexible heat-conducting plate or the composite and flexible heat-conducting layer of graphite and metallic fiber composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720390780.4U CN206775761U (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2017-04-14 | Layer structure electric heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720390780.4U CN206775761U (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2017-04-14 | Layer structure electric heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206775761U true CN206775761U (en) | 2017-12-19 |
Family
ID=60631766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720390780.4U Expired - Fee Related CN206775761U (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2017-04-14 | Layer structure electric heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206775761U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113766685A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-12-07 | 杨应斌 | High-efficiency energy-saving electric heating element |
| CN114126118A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-03-01 | 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 | PTC heating device and method for manufacturing same |
-
2017
- 2017-04-14 CN CN201720390780.4U patent/CN206775761U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114126118A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-03-01 | 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 | PTC heating device and method for manufacturing same |
| CN113766685A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-12-07 | 杨应斌 | High-efficiency energy-saving electric heating element |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171219 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |