CN206650675U - A kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit - Google Patents
A kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN206650675U CN206650675U CN201720448927.0U CN201720448927U CN206650675U CN 206650675 U CN206650675 U CN 206650675U CN 201720448927 U CN201720448927 U CN 201720448927U CN 206650675 U CN206650675 U CN 206650675U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit, including optical mixer unit, balanced detector, frequency divider, the first multiplier, the second multiplier, phase-locked loop, acousto-optic frequency shifters, local oscillator laser and frequency compensated circuit；The essence of carrier wave tracks when being demodulated by the intermediate-freuqncy signal after down coversion of the phase-locked loop to receiving optical signal/local oscillation signal, and sine voltage signal driving acousto-optic frequency shifters are exported, the carrier frequency of optical signal is received so as to follow in certain frequency range local oscillation signal；The feedback signal exported by increasing frequency compensated circuit to the frequency offset signal and phase-locked loop estimates the frequency shift (FS) of carrier wave, then frequency offset compensation signal is calculated according to frequency offset estimate f to control local oscillator laser, frequency compensation is carried out, by frequency deviation control in the range of phase-locked loop.The utility model can compensate under conditions of it need not predict track to optic communication carrier wave to eliminate frequency deviation, improve communication reliability.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to technical field of photo communication, more particularly to a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit.
Background technology
The purpose of communication be by channel it is fast and effective, transmit information safety and precise.Communication technology of satellite will be as future
The important component of information superhighway, have become the important force for promoting social progress to improve human living standard.
As what intersatellite communication was studied gradually gos deep into, warp-wise number Gbps directions are sent out for requirement of the people to data rate
Exhibition.Therefore, the coherent optical communication system using laser as information carrier enters the sight of people, and microwave links are replaced with laser link
Road turns into the inexorable trend of satellite communication development.
Laser has the characteristics of high coherence, frequency is high, therefore laser communication has with roomy relative to microwave communication,
The advantages of message transmission rate is high.Laser communication has up to hundreds of Gbps communication capacity, meets following magnanimity space letter
Cease the demand of transmission.In addition, using laser to establish communication link for transmission medium also has the angle of divergence small, is not easy to be cut
Obtain, confidentiality is high, and the beam energy spread is small, can carry out effective transmission of extra long distance, communication terminal small volume, quality
Some advantages such as gently, power consumption is low, it is highly suitable as the information carrier of satellite communication.
A part of the satellite as earth observation process in LEO (Low Earth Orbit, LEO), can be accumulated
Substantial amounts of data.These data need to be sent to tellurian earth station (Ground Station, GS) in real time, in order to people
Can obtain useful information as soon as possible, such as：Predict the arrival of the natural calamity such as tsunami or earthquake.However, near-earth satellite
Angular speed be far longer than the speed of the earth, it is very short with the Connection Time of earth station, it is difficult to realize real-time data transfer.Need
Considerable task data are sent to by finger by the satellite in geostationary orbit (Geostationary Earth Orbit, GEO)
Determine earth station.
In coherent communication link between LEO and GEO satellite, due to Doppler frequency shift caused by the relative motion of satellite
Frequency shift (FS) with laser is the major issue for needing to solve at present.For typical LEO-GEO links, the Doppler of estimation
Frequency shift amount is more than +/- 7GHz, while the small drift of laser may cause flashlight and the frequency difference of local oscillator light frequency to become
It is very big, after some time it is possible to reach tens of GHz magnitude.
Compared with the laser communication of traditional direct intensity modulation (IM/DD), coherent laser communication has high sensitivity, speed
The advantages that rate is fast, it is particularly suitable for the detection of Space laser communications and weak signal light.Under coherent receivers, binary phase shift keying
The homodyne radio receiver of (Binary Phase Shift Keying, BPSK) signal modulation can realize theoretic maximum sensitivity,
It is the focus of coherent light communication research.
BPSK homodyne radio receivers require the phase stringent synchronization of local oscillator light and flashlight, in BPSK homodyne coherent optical heterodyne communicatios
Optical phase-locked loop not in no compensation in the case of receive so big frequency offset signals, communicate use more between star at present
In-orbit moment estimating Doppler frequency deviation size, high-precision temperature-compensation circuit control temperature drift is utilized for laser.
But existing this frequency deviation compensation way could be to optic communication carrier wave under conditions of being required to precognition track
Compensate to eliminate frequency deviation caused by the temperature drift of Doppler effect and laser, if condition deficiency causes offset estimation to be forbidden
Really, it will cause the rising of the bit error rate, communication reliability is not high.
Therefore, need one kind in BPSK homodynes coherent optical heterodyne communicatio badly between star and can compensate for Doppler effect and laser drift
The brand-new scheme of shifting.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model embodiment is to provide a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit, can be need not
Optic communication carrier wave is compensated under conditions of precognition track to eliminate frequency deviation caused by the temperature drift of Doppler effect and laser,
Improve communication reliability.
To achieve the above object, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation electricity
Road, including：
Optical mixer unit, it is mixed to obtain four road mixed frequency signals for optical signal and local oscillation signal will to be received；
Balanced detector, for four road mixed frequency signal to be converted into first via electric signal orthogonal each other and the second tunnel
Electric signal；
First multiplier, for handling the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal, obtain error signal；
Frequency divider, for being divided respectively to the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal, obtain the first via point
Frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal；
Second multiplier, for handling the first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal, obtain frequency deviation
Signal；
Phase-locked loop, the essence of carrier wave tracks when being demodulated for being realized according to the error signal, and exports sinusoidal electricity all the way
Press signal and all the way feedback signal；
Frequency compensated circuit, frequency values, base are obtained for carrying out Frequency Estimation according to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal
Frequency compensation signal is worth in the frequency and is exported；Wherein, the frequency compensation signal is used to control local oscillator laser
Output frequency；
Local oscillator laser, the original laser signal of respective frequencies is exported according to the frequency compensation signal；
Acousto-optic frequency shifters, for carrying out shift frequency processing to the original laser signal according to the sine voltage signal, obtain
Exported to local oscillation signal to the optical mixer unit；Wherein, the frequency of the local oscillation signal is the frequency of the original laser signal
Plus the frequency of the sine voltage signal.
As improvement project, the phase-locked loop includes low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator
And power amplifier, the error signal of input successively by the low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter filter and amplification after
The input voltage signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is generated, the voltage controlled oscillator output frequency is followed the input voltage signal
Sinusoidal signal, on the one hand the sinusoidal signal of voltage controlled oscillator output exports as the feedback signal mends to the frequency
Circuit is repaid, forming the sine voltage signal after on the other hand amplifying by the power amplifier exports to the acousto-optic frequency shifters.
As improvement project, the frequency compensated circuit, including the first buffer amplifier, the second buffer amplifier, first
A/D modular converters, the 2nd A/D modular converters, fpga chip and D/A modular converters, interface；The frequency offset signal of input is first
Entered after being changed afterwards by first buffer amplifier, the Hyblid Buffer Amplifier of the first A/D modular converters and A/D by the fpga chip
Line frequency is estimated, obtains first frequency value；The feedback signal of input is successively turned by the second buffer amplifier, the 2nd A/D
Frequency Estimation is carried out by the fpga chip after the Hyblid Buffer Amplifier of mold changing block and A/D conversions, obtains second frequency value；The FPGA
Chip is additionally operable to obtain the frequency compensation signal after the first frequency value and second frequency value are carried out into calculating processing；It is described
On the one hand frequency compensation signal is exported to pass through local oscillator laser described in PZT power supplies after D/A modular converters conversion
On the other hand the output frequency of device, the frequency compensation signal are exported by the interface to control the local oscillator by temperature ring
The output frequency of laser.
As improvement project, the FPGA includes first frequency estimation unit, second frequency estimation unit, step size computation list
Member, first adder, the 3rd multiplier, the 4th multiplier and second adder；The first frequency estimation unit utilizes frequency
Algorithm for estimating carries out Frequency Estimation to the frequency offset signal after A/D is changed, and obtains first frequency value；The second frequency estimation
Unit carries out Frequency Estimation using frequency estimation algorithm to the feedback signal after A/D is changed, and obtains second frequency value；It is described
The first frequency value is more than the threshold by step calculation unit compared with default threshold value, and in the first frequency value
In the case of value, the first frequency value divided by the threshold value are obtained into frequency deviation step-length；The first adder is by described second
Frequency values are added to obtain shifted signal with the centre frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator of the phase-locked loop；3rd multiplier is by institute
The result after frequency deviation step-length and default first multiplication, the 4th multiplier are stated by the shifted signal and default the
Result after two multiplications is added to obtain the frequency compensation signal by the second adder.
As improvement project, the frequency estimation algorithm is least square method.
The utility model embodiment correspondingly provides a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method, including step：
S1, optical signal and local oscillation signal will be received by optical mixer unit are mixed to obtain four road mixed frequency signals；
S2, four road mixed frequency signal is converted into by balanced detector by first via electric signal and second orthogonal each other
Road electric signal；
S3, by the first multiplier the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal are handled, obtain error letter
Number；
S4, by frequency divider the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal are divided respectively, obtain the first via
Fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal；
S5, by the second multiplier the first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal are handled, obtain frequency
The number of believing one side only；
S6, realize that the essence of carrier wave when demodulating tracks according to the error signal by phase-locked loop, and export sinusoidal all the way
Voltage signal and all the way feedback signal；
S7, Frequency Estimation carried out according to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal by frequency compensated circuit obtain frequency values,
Frequency compensation signal is worth to based on the frequency and exported；Wherein, the frequency compensation signal is used to control local oscillator laser
Output frequency；
S8, the original laser signal by local oscillator laser according to frequency compensation signal output respective frequencies；
S9, by acousto-optic frequency shifters according to the sine voltage signal to the original laser signal carry out shift frequency processing,
Local oscillation signal is obtained to export to the optical mixer unit；Wherein, the frequency of the local oscillation signal is the frequency of the original laser signal
Rate adds the frequency of the sine voltage signal.
As improvement project, the step S6 specifically includes step：
S61, by the error signal successively by low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter filter and amplification after it is raw
Into the input voltage signal of voltage controlled oscillator；
S62, the sinusoidal signal for following by voltage controlled oscillator output frequency the input voltage signal, the VCO
On the one hand the sinusoidal signal of device output is exported to the frequency compensated circuit, on the other hand by described as the feedback signal
The sine voltage signal is formed after power amplifier amplification to export to the acousto-optic frequency shifters.
As improvement project, the step S7 specifically includes step:
S71, by the frequency offset signal successively by the first buffer amplifier, the first A/D modular converters Hyblid Buffer Amplifier and
The frequency offset signal after A/D conversions is obtained after A/D conversions；
S72, by the feedback signal successively by the second buffer amplifier, the 2nd A/D modular converters Hyblid Buffer Amplifier and
The feedback signal after A/D conversions is obtained after A/D conversions；
S73, by fpga chip respectively to the A/D change after frequency offset signal and the A/D conversion after feedback letter
Number Frequency Estimation is carried out, obtain first frequency value and second frequency value, and the first frequency value and second frequency value are carried out
The frequency compensation signal is obtained after calculating processing；
Wherein, on the one hand the frequency compensation signal is exported with by PZT power supply controls after stating the conversion of D/A modular converters
The output frequency of the local oscillator laser is made, on the other hand the frequency compensation signal is exported by the interface to pass through temperature
Ring controls the output frequency of the local oscillator laser.
As improvement project, the step S73 specifically includes step：
S731, using frequency estimation algorithm to the A/D change after frequency offset signal carry out Frequency Estimation, obtain first frequency
Rate value；
S732, using frequency estimation algorithm to the A/D change after feedback signal carry out Frequency Estimation, obtain second frequency
Rate value；
S733, by the first frequency value compared with default threshold value, and be more than in the first frequency value described
In the case of threshold value, the first frequency value divided by the threshold value are obtained into frequency deviation step-length；
S734, the second frequency value is added with the centre frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator of the phase-locked loop offset
Signal；
S735, by the frequency deviation step-length and the result after default first multiplication, the shifted signal with it is default
Results added after second multiplication obtains the frequency compensation signal.
As improvement project, the frequency estimation algorithm is least square method.
Compared with prior art, a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit one that the utility model embodiment provides
Aspect passes through optical mixer unit, balanced detector and the error signal for being multiplied to obtain by multiplier by phase-locked loop to priority
The essence tracking of carrier wave when (receiving the intermediate-freuqncy signal after the down coversion of optical signal/local oscillation signal) is demodulated, and export one
The sine voltage signal of changeable frequency is used to drive acousto-optic frequency shifters, so as to make acousto-optic frequency shifters defeated in certain frequency range
Go out the carrier frequency for being followed to the local oscillation signal of optical mixer unit and receiving optical signal；On the other hand increase frequency divider passes through light to priority
Frequency mixer, the signal of balanced detector output are divided, and the signal of multiplier input range is met when frequency deviation is larger,
Frequency offset signal is obtained by multiplier, and increases the feedback that frequency compensated circuit exports to the frequency offset signal and phase-locked loop
Signal estimates the frequency shift (FS) of carrier wave, then calculates frequency offset compensation signal according to frequency offset estimate f to control local oscillator to swash
Light device carries out frequency compensation, the carrier wave frequency deviation compensation of a small range is realized, by frequency deviation control in the range of phase-locked loop；Finally
The original laser signal exported by acousto-optic frequency shifters according to the sine voltage signal that phase-locked loop exports to local oscillator laser enters
The processing of row shift frequency, obtain the frequency that frequency is the original laser signal and believe plus the local oscillator of the frequency of the sine voltage signal
Number export to the optical mixer unit, so as to optic communication carrier wave is compensated under conditions of no precognition track eliminate it is more
Frequency deviation caused by the general temperature drift for strangling effect and laser, frequency compensation scope it is big, it is fireballing simultaneously, do not influence tracking lock
The precision of phase ring, and then realize reliable communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structured flowchart of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit in the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a kind of knot of the phase-locked loop of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit in the utility model embodiment 1
Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of frequency compensated circuit of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit in the utility model embodiment 1
Structural representation.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the fpga chip of the frequency compensated circuit in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method in the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the schematic flow sheet of step S6 in the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of step S7 in the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the schematic flow sheet of step S73 in the utility model embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out
Clearly and completely describing, it is clear that described embodiment is only the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made
The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
It is a kind of structural frames of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit in the utility model embodiment 1 with reference to figure 1
Figure.The Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit of the utility model embodiment includes optical mixer unit 1, the first balanced detector
21st, the second balanced detector 22, the first frequency divider 31, the second frequency divider 32, the first multiplier 41, the second multiplier 42, lock phase
Loop 5, acousto-optic frequency shifters 6, local oscillator laser 7, PZT power supplys 8, temperature ring 9 and frequency compensated circuit 10.
Wherein optical mixer unit 1 is used to that optical signal will to be received and local oscillation signal carries out Coherent coupling (mixing) processing, obtains four
Road mixed frequency signal.Wherein, the local oscillation signal of the present embodiment is generated by local oscillator laser 7 and handled by the shift frequency of acousto-optic frequency shifters 6
The persistent wave obtained afterwards.Specifically, the local oscillation signal has 90 ° of phase differences (0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °).The light of the present embodiment
Frequency mixer 1 is 90 ° of optical mixer units, and it, which is acted on, mainly does the reception optical signal phase relation certain with local oscillation signal progress
Relate to, make reception signal light be 0 ° with relative phase shift respectively, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of local oscillation signal is mixed.Wherein, light is passed through
0 ° in the road mixed frequency signals of 1 Frequency mixing processing Hou of frequency mixer tetra-, 180 ° of signals enter the first balanced detector 21, pass through photomixing
90 ° in the road mixed frequency signals of 1 Frequency mixing processing Hou of device tetra-, 270 ° of signals enter the second balanced detector 22.
First balanced detector 21 and the second balanced detector 22 carry out signal turn to four road mixed frequency signals of input respectively
Change electric signal into, obtain first via electric signal orthogonal each other (I roads signal) and the second road electric signal (Q roads signal).
First multiplier 41 is used as phase discriminator, for the comparison of phase, compares the phase for receiving optical signal and local oscillation signal
Difference, specifically first via electric signal (I roads signal) orthogonal each other is multiplied with the second road electric signal (Q roads signal), obtained
Receive the error signal between optical signal and local oscillation signal.Here the lower change of error signal, i.e. local oscillation signal/reception optical signal
Intermediate-freuqncy signal after frequency.If local oscillation signal and the frequency-splitting received between optical signal are 0, intermediate-freuqncy signal 0.Homodyne is concerned with
The frequency that system requirements receives optical signal must match completely with the frequency of local oscillation signal, i.e. the phase of local oscillation signal follows reception
The phase of optical signal and become, both phases are consistent, and it is 0 to make to detect obtained intermediate-freuqncy signal by balanced detector and multiplier.
If intermediate-freuqncy signal is not 0, it will finally brings influence for demodulation, causes the rising of the bit error rate, influences the overall performance that is concerned with.Cause
This, the error signal that the present embodiment is exported by phase-locked loop 5 to the first multiplier 41 (receives optical signal/local oscillation signal
Intermediate-freuqncy signal after down coversion) the essence tracking of carrier wave when being demodulated, and the sine voltage signal for exporting a changeable frequency is used
In driving acousto-optic frequency shifters 6, so as to make acousto-optic frequency shifters 6 export the local oscillator letter to optical mixer unit 1 in certain frequency range
Number follow the carrier frequency for receiving optical signal.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 the phase-locked loop 5 of the present embodiment includes low pass filter 51, amplifier
52nd, loop filter 53, voltage controlled oscillator (Voltage-controlled Oscillator, VCO) 54 and power amplifier
55.Wherein, the error signal exported by the first multiplier 41 successively passes through the low pass filter 51, amplifier 52, loop
The input voltage signal of the voltage controlled oscillator 54 is generated after the filter and amplification of wave filter 53, exports the voltage controlled oscillator 54
The sinusoidal signal of input voltage signal described in frequency following.Wherein, low pass filter 51 is used to filter out error signal medium-high frequency point
Amount and partial noise, ensure that signal to noise ratio.The signal that low pass filter 51 exports is amplified by amplifier 52 provides loop increasing
Benefit.Loop filter 53 determines loop bandwidth, generates voltage signal.Voltage controlled oscillator 54 exports according to the loop filter 53
Voltage signal generation sinusoidal signal, the output voltage control of the frequency of the sinusoidal signal by loop filter 53.
The sinusoidal signal that the voltage controlled oscillator 54 exports forms sinusoidal voltage after on the one hand amplifying by the power amplifier 55
Signal output gives the acousto-optic frequency shifters 6, acousto-optic frequency shifters 6 is exported the sheet to optical mixer unit 1 in certain frequency range
The signal that shakes follows the carrier frequency for receiving optical signal.The sinusoidal signal that the voltage controlled oscillator 54 exports is on the other hand as feedback
Signal output gives the frequency compensated circuit 10, and the carrier wave frequency deviation for a small range compensates.
Referring back to Fig. 1, first frequency divider 31, the second frequency divider 32 are respectively to first via electric signal orthogonal each other
(I roads signal) and the second road electric signal (Q roads signal) are divided, and obtain first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal.
When frequency deviation is larger, enable first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal as the satisfaction input range of the second multiplier 41
Signal.When the first via fractional frequency signal of output and the second road fractional frequency signal carry out the processing elimination that is multiplied by the second multiplier 42
Frequency offset signal is obtained after modulation intelligence, the frequency offset signal characterizes the frequency departure received between optical signal and local oscillation signal.At this
It is defeated by a balanced detector 21 and the second balanced detector 22 by the first frequency divider 31, the second frequency divider 32 in embodiment
Go out signal frequency split, expand frequency deviation can estimation range, and divide be multiplied after signal frequency reduce make subsequent process circuit (frequency
Rate compensation circuit 10) cost reduction.The frequency that the present embodiment is also exported by increasing frequency compensated circuit 10 to the second multiplier 42
Sinusoidal signal (the feedback letter i.e. as frequency compensated circuit 10 of the voltage controlled oscillator 54 of the number of believing one side only and phase-locked loop 5 output
Number) Frequency Estimation is carried out, frequency estimation is obtained, is worth to based on the frequency and output frequency thermal compensation signal is for control
The output frequency of local oscillator laser, local oscillator laser 7 is set to export the original laser of respective frequencies according to the frequency compensation signal
Signal, and export to acousto-optic frequency shifters 6.
The acousto-optic frequency shifters 6 of the present embodiment, for the sine voltage signal that is exported according to the phase-locked loop 5 to described
The original laser signal of the laser 7 that shakes output carries out shift frequency processing, obtains local oscillation signal and exports to the optical mixer unit 1.Wherein,
The frequency of the local oscillation signal adds the frequency of the sine voltage signal for the frequency of the original laser signal.
As shown in figure 3, the buffer amplifier 101 of frequency compensated circuit 10 first, the second buffer amplifier of the present embodiment
102nd, the first A/D modular converters 103, the 2nd A/D modular converters 104, fpga chip 105 and D/A modular converters 106, interface
107.The frequency offset signal exported by second multiplier 42 successively passes through first buffer amplifier 101, first
Frequency Estimation is carried out by the fpga chip 105 after Hyblid Buffer Amplifier and the A/D conversion of A/D modular converters 103, obtains first frequency
Value.The sinusoidal signal exported by the voltage controlled oscillator 54 of the phase-locked loop 5 (is used as the feedback letter of frequency compensated circuit 10
Number) successively by the second buffer amplifier 102, the Hyblid Buffer Amplifier of the 2nd A/D modular converters 104 and A/D change after by described
Fpga chip 105 carries out Frequency Estimation, obtains second frequency value.Then, the fpga chip 105 by the first frequency value and
Second frequency value obtains the frequency compensation signal after carrying out calculating processing.Wherein, on the one hand the frequency compensation signal is passed through
Output is described to control the output frequency of the local oscillator laser 7 by PZT power supplys 8 after the D/A modular converters 104 are changed
On the other hand frequency compensation signal is exported to control the defeated of the local oscillator laser 107 by temperature ring 9 by the interface 107
Go out frequency.
The present embodiment carries out frequency identification and estimation by fpga chip 105 to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal of input,
Frequency deviation thermal compensation signal corresponding to generation and export as the control signal needed for PZT power supplys 8 and temperature ring 9 by frequency deviation control locking
In the range of phase loop.
It should be noted that the frequency-tracking scope of the phase-locked loop 5 of the present embodiment is 40MHz, and frequency deviation compensation circuit
10 precision can reach 1MHz, and frequency deviation region can reach, and can meet space communication demand.
Typically the frequency of local oscillator laser is tuned using two ways, one kind is that temperature draws section, another electricity
Press the regulation as outside input.Its scope is bigger for the tune of temperature is determined, and can arrive GHz magnitude (10 G or so),
Suitable for large-scale tuning.But the speed of thermal tuning is slow, in second (S) magnitude, and frequency and nonlinear temperature.
Therefore temperature is applied to wide scope, the control of low speed.For control mode of the voltage as outside input, the characteristics of it is tuned
For much smaller than the scope of thermal tuning of scope, only MHz magnitudes (100MHz), but quickly, high sensitivity can be very
The fast small range for completing local oscillator laser output frequency changes.
Therefore, the present embodiment signal and difference frequency of local oscillator preferably when initial is very big, passes through the temperature of the control terminal of temperature
Tuning, the low-velocity scanning adjustment processing for allowing the f of local oscillator laser to enter in line width region, its purpose is exactly to reduce due to Doppler's frequency
The problem of frequency of reception optical signal and local oscillation signal caused by moving is inconsistent.When frequency difference enters the scope that voltage can control
When interior, when such as 100MHz, the quick of voltage, fine adjustment process are used instead.The present embodiment is by needing temperature
The combination of regulation (temperature ring 9) and voltage-regulation (PZT power supplys 8) two ways is adjusted to the output frequency of local oscillator laser
It is whole, reach the purpose of FREQUENCY CONTROL.
In addition, what the present embodiment was controlled by temperature ring 9 or/and PZT power supplys 8 to the output frequency of local oscillator laser
Concrete principle and process are well known to those skilled in the art, and omit description herein.
With reference to figure 4, the fpga chip 105 of the present embodiment includes first frequency estimation unit 1051, second frequency estimation list
Member 1052, step calculation unit 1053, first adder 1054, the 3rd multiplier 1055, the 4th multiplier 1056 and second add
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass 1057.Wherein, the first frequency estimation unit 1051 utilizes frequency estimation algorithm (being preferably least square method) to warp
The frequency offset signal crossed after A/D conversions carries out Frequency Estimation, obtains first frequency value.The second frequency estimation unit 1052 utilizes
Frequency estimation algorithm (being preferably least square method) carries out Frequency Estimation to the feedback signal after A/D is changed, and obtains second
Frequency values.The step calculation unit 1053 is compared the first frequency value and default threshold value (compensation adjustment threshold value)
Compared with, and in the case where the first frequency value is more than the threshold value, the first frequency value divided by the threshold value are obtained into frequency
Inclined step-length (frequency deviation adjustment step number).The first adder 1054 shakes the second frequency value with the voltage-controlled of the phase-locked loop
Swing the centre frequency f of device0Addition obtains shifted signal.Specifically, the shifted signal is used to swash the original of local oscillator laser 107
Optical signal controls the centre frequency f in VCO540Near, so that the local oscillation signal that acousto-optic frequency shifters 6 export is also stabilized in
VCO54 centre frequency f0Near, and then ensure system steady operation.
3rd multiplier 1055 is by the result after the frequency deviation step-length and default first multiplication, the described 4th
The shifted signal and the result after default second multiplication are passed through the phase of second adder 1057 by multiplier 1056
Add to obtain the frequency compensation signal.Wherein, on the one hand the frequency compensation signal is changed by the D/A modular converters 104
Export afterwards to control the output frequency of the local oscillator laser 7 by PZT power supplys 8, on the other hand the frequency compensation signal passes through
Cross the interface 107 to export to control the output frequency of the local oscillator laser 107 by temperature ring 9, so as to realize that frequency is mended
Repay, by the frequency bias control between local oscillation signal and reception optical signal in the adjustable range of phase-locked loop 5.
To sum up, on the one hand a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit that the utility model embodiment provides passes through lock
The essence of carrier wave tracks when intermediate-freuqncy signal after down coversion of the phase loop to receiving optical signal/local oscillation signal is demodulated, and exports
The sine voltage signal of one changeable frequency is used to drive acousto-optic frequency shifters, so as to make acousto-optic frequency translation in certain frequency range
Device exports the carrier frequency for being followed to the local oscillation signal of optical mixer unit and receiving optical signal, completes the tracking of phase；On the other hand increase
The signal for adding frequency divider to export priority by optical mixer unit, balanced detector divides, and is met when frequency deviation is larger
The signal of multiplier input range, frequency offset signal is obtained by multiplier, and increase frequency compensated circuit to the frequency offset signal
And the frequency shift (FS) of the feedback signal estimation carrier wave of phase-locked loop output, it is inclined that frequency is then calculated according to frequency offset estimate f
Thermal compensation signal is moved to control local oscillator laser to carry out frequency compensation, the carrier wave frequency deviation compensation of a small range is realized, frequency deviation is controlled
In the range of phase-locked loop；Finally by acousto-optic frequency shifters according to the sine voltage signal that phase-locked loop exports to local oscillator laser
The original laser signal of device output carries out shift frequency processing, obtains the frequency that frequency is the original laser signal and adds the sine
The local oscillation signal of the frequency of voltage signal is exported to the optical mixer unit, so as to it is no precognition track under conditions of to light
Communication carrier compensates frequency deviation caused by the temperature drift for eliminating Doppler effect and laser, frequency compensation scope is big, speed
While fast, do not influence to track the precision of phaselocked loop, and then realize reliable communication.
It is that a kind of flow of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method in the utility model embodiment 2 is illustrated with reference to figure 5
Figure, the carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method include step S1~step S9：
S1, optical signal and local oscillation signal will be received by optical mixer unit are mixed to obtain four road mixed frequency signals.
Wherein, wherein, the local oscillation signal of the present embodiment is generated by local oscillator laser and handled by acousto-optic frequency shifters shift frequency
The persistent wave obtained afterwards.Specifically, the local oscillation signal has 90 ° of phase differences (0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °).The present embodiment uses
Optical mixer unit be 90 ° of optical mixer units, it acts on and will mainly receive optical signal and local oscillation signal and carry out certain phase relation
Interference, make reception signal light be 0 ° with relative phase shift respectively, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of local oscillation signal be mixed, obtain four tunnels
The mixed frequency signal of 90 ° of phase differences.
S2, four road mixed frequency signal is converted into by balanced detector by first via electric signal and second orthogonal each other
Road electric signal.
When it is implemented, by the first balanced detector and the second balanced detector respectively to four road mixed frequency signals of input
Carry out signal and be converted into electric signal, obtain first via electric signal orthogonal each other (I roads signal) and the second road electric signal (is believed on Q roads
Number).Wherein, the first balance detection is entered by 0 ° in the road mixed frequency signals of optical mixer unit Frequency mixing processing Hou tetra-, 180 ° of signals
Device, enter the second balanced detector by 90 ° in the road mixed frequency signals of 1 Frequency mixing processing Hou of optical mixer unit tetra-, 270 ° of signals.
S3, by the first multiplier the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal are handled, obtain error letter
Number.
In this step, for the comparison of phase, compare as phase discriminator using the first multiplier and receive optical signal and this
Shake the phase difference of signal, specifically enters orthogonal each other first via electric signal (I roads signal) and the second road electric signal (Q roads signal)
Row is multiplied, and obtains receiving the error signal between optical signal and local oscillation signal.Here error signal, i.e. local oscillation signal/reception
Intermediate-freuqncy signal after the down coversion of optical signal.If local oscillation signal and the frequency-splitting received between optical signal are 0, intermediate-freuqncy signal
For 0.The frequency that homodyne coherent system requires to receive optical signal must match with the frequency of local oscillation signal completely, i.e. local oscillation signal
Phase follows the phase for receiving optical signal and become, and both phases are consistent, make to detect what is obtained by balanced detector and multiplier
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is 0.If intermediate-freuqncy signal is not 0, it will finally brings influence for demodulation, causes the rising of the bit error rate, influence to be concerned with
Overall performance.
S4, by frequency divider the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal are divided respectively, obtain the first via
Fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal.
When it is implemented, by the first frequency divider, the second frequency divider respectively to first via electric signal (I roads orthogonal each other
Signal) and the second road electric signal (Q roads signal) divided, obtain first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal.When frequency
When partially larger, enable first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal as the letter for meeting the second multiplier input range
Number.
S5, by the second multiplier the first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal are handled, obtain frequency
The number of believing one side only.
When the first via fractional frequency signal of output and the second road fractional frequency signal carry out the processing elimination that is multiplied by the second multiplier
Frequency offset signal is obtained after modulation intelligence, the frequency offset signal characterizes the frequency departure received between optical signal and local oscillation signal.At this
In embodiment, the output signal of one balanced detector and the second balanced detector is divided by the first frequency divider, the second frequency divider
Frequently, expand frequency deviation can estimation range, and divide be multiplied after signal frequency reduce make subsequent process circuit (frequency compensation electricity
Road) cost reduction.
S6, realize that the essence of carrier wave when demodulating tracks according to the error signal by phase-locked loop, and export sinusoidal all the way
Voltage signal and all the way feedback signal.
The error signal that the present embodiment is exported by phase-locked loop to the first multiplier (receives optical signal/local oscillation signal
Down coversion after intermediate-freuqncy signal) the essence tracking of carrier wave when being demodulated, and export the sine voltage signal of a changeable frequency
For driving acousto-optic frequency shifters, so as to make acousto-optic frequency shifters export the local oscillation signal to optical mixer unit in certain frequency range
Follow the carrier frequency for receiving optical signal.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the step S6 specifically includes step：
S61, by the error signal successively by low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter filter and amplification after it is raw
Into the input voltage signal of voltage controlled oscillator；
S62, the sinusoidal signal for following by voltage controlled oscillator output frequency the input voltage signal, the VCO
On the one hand the sinusoidal signal of device output is exported to the frequency compensated circuit, on the other hand by described as the feedback signal
The sine voltage signal is formed after power amplifier amplification to export to the acousto-optic frequency shifters.
Wherein, error signal high frequency components and partial noise are filtered out using low pass filter, ensure that signal to noise ratio.Utilize
The signal that low pass filter exports is amplified and provides loop gain by amplifier.Loop bandwidth is determined using loop filter,
Generate voltage signal.Then, the voltage signal exported by voltage controlled oscillator according to the loop filter generates sinusoidal signal,
Output voltage control of the frequency of the sinusoidal signal by loop filter.
The sinusoidal signal exported by the voltage controlled oscillator forms sinusoidal voltage after on the one hand amplifying by the power amplifier
Signal output gives the acousto-optic frequency shifters, acousto-optic frequency shifters is exported the local oscillator to optical mixer unit in certain frequency range
Signal follows the carrier frequency for receiving optical signal.On the other hand the sinusoidal signal exported by the voltage controlled oscillator is used as feedback
Signal output gives the frequency compensated circuit, and the carrier wave frequency deviation for a small range compensates.
S7, Frequency Estimation carried out according to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal by frequency compensated circuit obtain frequency values,
Frequency compensation signal is worth to based on the frequency and exported；Wherein, the frequency compensation signal is used to control local oscillator laser
Output frequency.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, the step S7 specifically includes step S71~S73:
S71, by the frequency offset signal successively by the buffering of the first buffer amplifier, the first A/D modular converters
The frequency offset signal after A/D conversions is obtained after amplification and A/D conversions；
S72, by the feedback signal successively by the second buffer amplifier, the 2nd A/D modular converters Hyblid Buffer Amplifier and
The feedback signal after A/D conversions is obtained after A/D conversions；
S73, by fpga chip respectively to the A/D change after frequency offset signal and the A/D conversion after feedback letter
Number Frequency Estimation is carried out, obtain first frequency value and second frequency value, and the first frequency value and second frequency value are carried out
The frequency compensation signal is obtained after calculating processing；
Wherein, on the one hand the frequency compensation signal is exported with by PZT power supply controls after stating the conversion of D/A modular converters
The output frequency of the local oscillator laser is made, on the other hand the frequency compensation signal is exported by the interface to pass through temperature
Ring controls the output frequency of the local oscillator laser.
The present embodiment carries out frequency identification and estimation, generation by fpga chip to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal of input
Corresponding frequency deviation thermal compensation signal is simultaneously exported frequency deviation control as the control signal needed for PZT power supplys and temperature ring in phase-locked loop
In the range of.
Specifically, with reference to figure 8, the step S73 specifically includes step S731~S735：
S731, using frequency estimation algorithm to the A/D change after frequency offset signal carry out Frequency Estimation, obtain
To first frequency value；
S732, using frequency estimation algorithm to the A/D change after feedback signal carry out Frequency Estimation, obtain second frequency
Rate value；
Said frequencies algorithm for estimating uses least square method.
S733, by the first frequency value compared with default threshold value, and be more than in the first frequency value described
In the case of threshold value, the first frequency value divided by the threshold value are obtained into frequency deviation step-length；
S734, the second frequency value is added with the centre frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator of the phase-locked loop offset
Signal；
Wherein, the shifted signal is used to controlling the original laser signal of local oscillator laser into the centre frequency f in VCO0It is attached
Closely, so that the local oscillation signal of acousto-optic frequency shifters output is also stabilized in VCO centre frequency f0Near, and then ensure that system is stable
Work.
S735, by the frequency deviation step-length and the result after default first multiplication, the shifted signal with it is default
Results added after second multiplication obtains the frequency compensation signal.
Specifically, on the other hand the frequency compensation signal obtained by step S731~S735 is exported by interface to pass through
Temperature ring controls the output frequency of the local oscillator laser, so as to realize frequency compensation, by local oscillation signal and receives optical signal
Between frequency bias control in the adjustable range of phase-locked loop.
S8, the original laser signal by local oscillator laser according to frequency compensation signal output respective frequencies.
S9, by acousto-optic frequency shifters according to the sine voltage signal to the original laser signal carry out shift frequency processing,
Local oscillation signal is obtained to export to the optical mixer unit；Wherein, the frequency of the local oscillation signal is the frequency of the original laser signal
Rate adds the frequency of the sine voltage signal.
The detailed operation principle of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method and process refer to disclosed in the present embodiment
Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit disclosed in embodiment is stated, will not be repeated here.
To sum up, disclosed in the present embodiment on the one hand a kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation method passes through phase-locked loop pair
The essence tracking of carrier wave when the intermediate-freuqncy signal after the down coversion of optical signal/local oscillation signal is demodulated is received, and exports a frequency
Variable sine voltage signal be used for drive acousto-optic frequency shifters, so as to make in certain frequency range acousto-optic frequency shifters export to
The local oscillation signal of optical mixer unit follows the carrier frequency for receiving optical signal, completes the tracking of phase；On the other hand mended by frequency
Repay the frequency that circuit estimates the feedback signal for entering frequency divider, the frequency offset signal that multiplier obtains and phase-locked loop output carrier wave
Rate is offset, and then calculates frequency offset compensation signal according to frequency offset estimate f to control the output frequency of local oscillator laser,
Frequency compensation is carried out, by frequency deviation control in the range of phase-locked loop；Exported finally by acousto-optic frequency shifters according to phase-locked loop
The original laser signal that is exported to local oscillator laser of sine voltage signal carry out shift frequency processing, obtain frequency and original swash to be described
The frequency of optical signal is exported to the optical mixer unit plus the local oscillation signal of frequency of the sine voltage signal, so as to
Do not predict to compensate optic communication carrier wave under conditions of track and eliminate frequency caused by the temperature drift of Doppler effect and laser
Partially, frequency compensation scope it is big, it is fireballing simultaneously, do not influence to track the precision of phaselocked loop, and then realize reliable communication.
It should be noted that device embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein described be used as separating component
The unit of explanation can be or may not be physically separate, can be as the part that unit is shown or can also
It is not physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed on multiple NEs.Can be according to reality
Need to select some or all of module therein to realize the purpose of this embodiment scheme.It is in addition, provided by the utility model
In device embodiment accompanying drawing, the annexation between module represents there is communication connection between them, specifically can be implemented as one
Bar or a plurality of communication bus or signal wire.Those of ordinary skill in the art are without creative efforts, you can with
Understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the utility model
The mode of required common hardware can be added by software to realize, naturally it is also possible to which special integrated electricity is included by specialized hardware
Road, dedicated cpu, private memory, special components and parts etc. are realized.Generally, all functions of being completed by computer program
Easily it can be realized with corresponding hardware, moreover, for realizing that the particular hardware structure of same function can also be
It is diversified, such as analog circuit, digital circuit or special circuit etc..But it is more for the utility model in the case of
It is more preferably embodiment that software program, which is realized,.Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the utility model is substantially in other words
The part to be contributed to prior art can be embodied in the form of software product, and the computer software product is stored in can
In the storage medium of reading, such as the floppy disk of computer, USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only
Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc., including some instructions
To cause a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or network equipment etc.) to perform the utility model
Method described in each embodiment.
Described above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, on the premise of the utility model principle is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these are improved and profit
Decorations are also considered as the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit, it is characterised in that including：Optical mixer unit, it is mixed to obtain four road mixed frequency signals for optical signal and local oscillation signal will to be received；Balanced detector, for four road mixed frequency signal to be converted into first via electric signal orthogonal each other and the second tunnel telecommunications Number；First multiplier, for handling the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal, obtain error signal；Frequency divider, for being divided respectively to the first via electric signal and the second road electric signal, obtain first via frequency dividing letter Number and the second road fractional frequency signal；Second multiplier, for handling the first via fractional frequency signal and the second road fractional frequency signal, obtain frequency offset signal；Phase-locked loop, the essence of carrier wave tracks when being demodulated for being realized according to the error signal, and exports sinusoidal voltage all the way and believe Number and feedback signal all the way；Frequency compensated circuit, frequency values are obtained for carrying out Frequency Estimation according to the frequency offset signal and feedback signal, based on institute Frequency is stated to be worth to frequency compensation signal and export；Wherein, the frequency compensation signal is used for the output for controlling local oscillator laser Frequency；Local oscillator laser, the original laser signal of respective frequencies is exported according to the frequency compensation signal；Acousto-optic frequency shifters, for carrying out shift frequency processing to the original laser signal according to the sine voltage signal, obtain this Signal output of shaking gives the optical mixer unit；Wherein, the frequency of the local oscillation signal adds for the frequency of the original laser signal The frequency of the sine voltage signal.
- 2. Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the phase-locked loop includes Low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and power amplifier, the error signal of input is successively by described Low pass filter, amplifier, loop filter filter and amplification after generate the input voltage signal of the voltage controlled oscillator, make institute State the sinusoidal signal that voltage controlled oscillator output frequency follows the input voltage signal, the sinusoidal letter of the voltage controlled oscillator output Number one side is exported to the frequency compensated circuit as the feedback signal, is formed after on the other hand being amplified by the power amplifier The sine voltage signal is exported to the acousto-optic frequency shifters.
- 3. Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the frequency compensation electricity Road, including the first buffer amplifier, the second buffer amplifier, the first A/D modular converters, the 2nd A/D modular converters, fpga chip And D/A modular converters, interface；The frequency offset signal of input is successively changed by first buffer amplifier, the first A/D Frequency Estimation is carried out by the fpga chip after Hyblid Buffer Amplifier and the A/D conversion of module, obtains first frequency value；What is inputted is described Feedback signal successively by the second buffer amplifier, the Hyblid Buffer Amplifier of the 2nd A/D modular converters and A/D change after by the FPGA Chip carries out Frequency Estimation, obtains second frequency value；The fpga chip is additionally operable to the first frequency value and second frequency Value obtains the frequency compensation signal after carrying out calculating processing；On the one hand the frequency compensation signal passes through the D/A moduluss of conversion Exported after block conversion to pass through the output frequency of local oscillator laser described in PZT power supplies, described frequency compensation signal the opposing party Face is exported by the interface to control the output frequency of the local oscillator laser by temperature ring.
- 4. Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the fpga chip includes First frequency estimation unit, second frequency estimation unit, step calculation unit, first adder, the 3rd multiplier, the 4th multiplication Device and second adder；The first frequency estimation unit is using frequency estimation algorithm to the frequency offset signal after A/D is changed Frequency Estimation is carried out, obtains first frequency value；The second frequency estimation unit is using frequency estimation algorithm to being changed by A/D Feedback signal afterwards carries out Frequency Estimation, obtains second frequency value；The step calculation unit is by the first frequency value and in advance If threshold value be compared, and in the case where the first frequency value is more than the threshold value, by the first frequency value divided by The threshold value obtains frequency deviation step-length；The first adder is by the voltage controlled oscillator of the second frequency value and the phase-locked loop Centre frequency be added to obtain shifted signal；3rd multiplier is by after the frequency deviation step-length and default first multiplication Result, the 4th multiplier by the result after the shifted signal and default second multiplication by described second plus Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass is added to obtain the frequency compensation signal.
- 5. Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency estimation algorithm It is least square method.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107425922A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-12-01 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit and method |
| CN109450447A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Microwave two-divider based on microwave photon technology |
| CN111541150A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-14 | 东南大学 | Device and method for realizing wavelength dynamic locking of semiconductor laser |
-
2017
- 2017-04-26 CN CN201720448927.0U patent/CN206650675U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107425922A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-12-01 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of Laser communication in space carrier wave frequency deviation compensation circuit and method |
| CN107425922B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2023-06-16 | 长春理工大学 | Inter-satellite optical communication carrier frequency offset compensation circuit and method |
| CN109450447A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Microwave two-divider based on microwave photon technology |
| CN109450447B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-08-13 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Microwave frequency-halving device based on microwave photon technology |
| CN111541150A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-14 | 东南大学 | Device and method for realizing wavelength dynamic locking of semiconductor laser |
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