CN206609615U - A kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, and index dial is clamped on the upper grip of mechanics Material Testing Machine；It is provided with index dial and the adjustable swing rod of horizontal plane angle.Twist mechanism is installed on the platform of mechanics Material Testing Machine；The sliding equipment that the slide rail set by right-angled intersection is constituted is installed on twist mechanism；Rotating mechanism is installed on sliding equipment；Knee joint sample is installed between the rotation shaft end of rotating mechanism and swing rod front end；Thus knee joint is made to retain 2 rotary freedoms and 3 translation freedoms in the measurements, totally 5 frees degree.To loading before and after by being carried out to knee joint tibial, the multiple degrees of freedom test of backward stability and kinematics characteristic before shin bone is realized；By loading moment of torsion to rotating mechanism, the multiple degrees of freedom test of outward turning stability and kinematics characteristic in shin bone is realized；By loading moment of torsion to twist mechanism, the multiple degrees of freedom test of Abduction Stability and kinematics characteristic in shin bone is realized.

Description

A kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device

Technical field

The utility model belongs to biomethanics field, specifically, is that a kind of knee Stability is surveyed with kinematics characteristic Trial assembly is put, and is mainly used in the functional test and the assessment of damage opisthodetic ligament reconstruction technique of the forward and backward ligamentaum cruciatum of knee joint.

Background technology

Knee joint is maximum, the most complicated joint of human body, is also ligament injury incidence of disease highest joint.Knee ligament It is the primary structure for maintaining knee Stability and kinematics characteristic, the treatment of ligamentous injury of knee joint has become current motion The main contents in wound field.

Knee Stability and kinematics characteristic are measured, the function of knee ligament can be specified, for knee ligament Diagnosis, treatment and the rehabilitation of damage are significant.Measure stability and fortune that patella is rebuild in ligamentous injury of knee joint Phoronomics characteristic can to the operation method carry out objective evaluation, in the past art formula found with development in only anatomy according to According to reasonable in anatomical terms, anatomical research belongs to Senile Mouse, it is impossible to represent function assessment, therefore only by dissection Learn and necessarily born the character of much blindness according to the foundation performed the operation with improving, the effect of such operation can only be come by clinical research Checking, unnecessary excessive risk is brought to patient.Therefore, the measurement of a set of measurement knee Stability and kinematics characteristic is set up Equipment can provide the research platform and objective basis of science for the foundation of operation method with improvement, it is to avoid the blindness of operation, With huge scientific research and clinical value.

Knee joint structure is complicated, has 6 frees degree (3 translated planes and 3 rotary shafts) in kinematics, causes it to transport Dynamic learn measures very difficult.The equipment of measurement knee Stability and kinematics characteristic is home-built equipment in the world at present, its Middle most equipment are only capable of measuring kneed stability, it is impossible to while measuring kneed kinematics character.I.e. such sets During standby translation or rotation on some free degree is measured, the motion on other planes or axle is limited, measurement result is caused not Accurately.Test equipment ideal at present is robot/general-purpose of the U.S. Regensburg university muscle skeleton research center exploitation Load moment sensor testing system, but the system price is expensive, and software program complexity is, it is necessary to which professional is operated, no Beneficial to popularization.How under existence conditions, setting up a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device has important meaning Justice.

The content of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the utility model proposes a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, can be real Existing knee Stability and multifreedom motion measurement.The measurable Normal Knee ligament of the utility model is maintaining knee joint Effect in stability and kinematics characteristic, the i.e. clear and definite function of the ligament；Measure ligamentous injury of knee joint treatment patella Stability and kinematics situation, i.e. clearly effect of the operation method in treatment ligamentous injury of knee joint, completion art formula comments Estimate.

The utility model is a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Including mechanics Material Testing Machine, index dial, swing rod, rotating mechanism, sliding equipment and twist mechanism；

The index dial is installed on index dial by mechanics Material Testing Machine grips, swing rod end；Along index dial Semicircle periphery at equal intervals 15 degree design positioning hole；Swing rod is connected from different positioning holes, swing rod is pressed from both sides with horizontal plane Angle is adjustable between 0~90 degree；Knee joint femoral is fixedly mounted in swing rod front end；

The twist mechanism, on platform, with the torsional axis rotated along vertical z-axis, is turned round by twist mechanism floor installation Bearing holder (housing, cover) is installed, twist mechanism mounting bracket is installed on torsional axis by bearing holder (housing, cover) in rotating shaft；Sliding equipment is by right-angled intersection The upper slide rail set is constituted with glidepath；Upper slide rail is arranged along x-axis, is installed on the base lower surface of rotating mechanism, with along x-axis Translation freedoms；Glidepath is arranged along the y-axis, and is installed on twist mechanism mounting bracket, with the translation freedoms along y-axis；；Rotation Rotation mechanism is installed on above sliding equipment, with the rotation rotary shaft rotated along x-axis；Rotate shaft end and knee joint shin is fixedly mounted Bone；Thus in measurement, knee joint tibial is had 2 rotary freedoms and 3 translation freedoms, knee is closed by twist mechanism Shin bone is saved with the rotational freedom around vertical torsional axis (z-axis)；Knee joint tibial is set to have around rotary shaft by rotating mechanism (x-axis) rotational freedom；Make shin bone that there is the translation freedoms (x along the both direction of right-angled intersection slide rail by sliding equipment Axle and y-axis)；Make shin bone that there is the front and rear shifting free degree (z-axis) by mechanics testing of materials machine grip holder.

Sliding equipment mounting bracket both sides are also equipped with reversing traction table；Reversing traction table has a circular arc side, and edge Arc-shaped side is designed with cotton rope groove；After pull rope one end is fixed, it is arranged in cotton rope groove, then bypasses the fixed pulley installed on platform Afterwards, other end loading counterweight, realizes and is rotated after the loading of twist mechanism；

Rotary shaft end is provided with rotation traction traction wheel disc；Rotation traction traction wheel disc is circumferentially designed with cotton rope groove；Pull rope one end It is fixed on traction wheel disc, and is wound in forward or backwards in cotton rope groove, end load counterweight, realizes the positive or anti-of rotary shaft To rotation.

The utility model can complete knee Stability and be measured with multifreedom motion, and knee joint retains 2 in the measurements Individual rotary freedom and 3 translation freedoms, totally 5 frees degree.To loading before and after by being carried out to knee joint tibial, shin is realized The multiple degrees of freedom test of backward stability and kinematics characteristic before bone；By loading moment of torsion to rotating mechanism, realize inside and outside shin bone Revolve the multiple degrees of freedom test of stability and kinematics characteristic；By loading moment of torsion to twist mechanism, stabilization of being turned up in shin bone is realized Property and kinematics characteristic multiple degrees of freedom test.

The utility model has the advantage of：

1st, the utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, can complete knee Stability and more oneself Measured by degree kinematics；

2nd, the utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, can complete Normal Knee ligament function Measurement；

3rd, the utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, can complete to control ligamentous injury of knee joint Treat the assessment of art formula and determine improvement direction and target；

4th, the utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, by the omnipotent power being widely used at present Material Testing Machine is learned, a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device is established, the biomethanics of complexity can be completed Experiment.Have the advantages that measurement is accurate, cost is reasonable, easy to operate, be easy to popularize.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device overall structure diagram；

Fig. 2 is index dial structural representation in the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device；

Fig. 3 is knee joint upper connector upper groove structural representation in the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device Figure；

Fig. 4 is connected mode between knee joint upper connector and swing rod in the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device Schematic diagram；

Fig. 5 be the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device in connect between knee joint femoral and knee joint upper connector Connect schematic diagram；

Fig. 6 is rotating mechanism, sliding equipment and twist mechanism knot in the utility model ligamentous injury of knee joint test device Structure schematic diagram.

In figure：

1- Material Testing Machine 2- index dial 3- swing rods

Connector 6- twist mechanisms under 4- knee joint upper connector 5- knee joints

7- sliding equipment 8- rotating mechanisms 9- reverses traction table

10- reverses hauling block 11- rotation traction traction wheel disc 12- platforms

13- positions rod member 14- self-curing resin 15- fixing screws

101- tests machine grip holder 201- connecting hole 202- positioning holes

203- arcuate socket 204- long handle 301- elongated insertion parts

302- locking lid 401- connecting shaft 401a- swing link end part insertion portions

401b- elongated insertion part insertion portion 601- twist mechanism base 602- torsional axis

603- twist mechanism mounting bracket 604- twist mechanism bearing spider 701- slideways

Slide rail 704- bar-shaped troughs on 702- glidepaths 703-

705- pinboard 801- rotary shaft 802- rotating mechanism bearing spiders

901- cotton rope groove A 902- rope fastening hole A 11a- cotton rope grooves B

11b- rope fastening hole B 12a-T type grooves

Embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, including general-purpose Material Testing Machine 1, index dial 2nd, connector 5, twist mechanism 6, sliding equipment 7, rotating mechanism 8, torsion are led under swing rod 3, knee joint upper connector 4, knee joint Draw platform 9, reverse hauling block 10 and rotation traction traction wheel disc 11, as shown in Figure 1.

In the Material Testing Machine 1, the experiment machine grip holder 101 with the clamping that can be moved up and down along space z-axis direction is used To accommodate index dial 2.Experiment machine grip holder 101 is installed on the testing machine slide rail of the both sides of Material Testing Machine 1, passes through testing machine slide rail Scale on 102 realizes that experiment machine grip holder 101 displacement is read.

The index dial 2 is the platy structure with semi-circle edge, and semi-circle edge relative side is straight flange.Index dial 2 Straight flange along space x-axis direction set, straight flange center is connected by cylindrical long handle 204, clamped by testing machine grip holder 101 Long handle fixed indexing plate 2.As shown in Fig. 2 the corresponding circle centre position of the semi-circle edge of index dial 2 is provided with connecting hole 201；Along index dial 2 One semi-circle edge at equal intervals 15 degree design 7 positioning holes 202.Wherein, connecting hole 201 is connected with the end of swing rod 3 by screw, Positioning hole 202 is connected with the through hole of the relevant position of swing rod 3 by screw, and by screw by swing rod 3 and determining at different angles Position is attached between hole 202, realizes the adjustment of swing rod 3 and horizontal plane angle, swing rod 3 and horizontal plane angle can between 0~90 degree Adjust, and then realize knee joint and go down on one's knees the adjustment of angle.On index dial 2, close to semi-circle edge position, one is circumferentially designed with The arcuate socket 203 concentric with semi-circle edge, while being designed with the axis of guide in the correspondence position of swing rod 3, is directed to axle insertion arcuate socket In 203, make when carrying out 3 angular adjustment of swing rod, the axis of guide arcuately slide by hole 203, realizes the motion guide of swing rod 3.It is above-mentioned The angle of swing rod 3 can be read by the scale designed in the arc-shaped side marginal position of index dial 2.

The knee joint upper connector 4 is tubular structure, and inside is used for that knee joint femoral end is fixedly mounted.Connect on knee joint Coaxial design has integrative-structure connecting shaft 401 in the distal end faces of fitting 4, coordinates real with the latch-up structure of the Front-end Design of swing rod 3 Now fixation between the two, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the inner wall of end face of connecting shaft 401 is provided with groove, and groove is keyhole design, such as schemes Shown in 4, with swing link end part insertion portion 401a and elongated insertion part insertion portion 401b；The end outer wall of connecting shaft 401 is set simultaneously In respect of external screw thread.As shown in figure 4, latch-up structure is that raised elongated insertion part 301, the end of swing rod 3 are designed on the end of swing rod 3, outer wall Locking lid 302 is also cased with, positioned at the root of elongated insertion part 301, the indoor design of locking lid 302 has internal thread.On knee joint is carried out During fixation between connector 4 and swing rod 3, the elongated insertion part 301 of the front end of swing rod 3 is inserted in the end of connecting shaft 401 first, makes locking First 301 are engaged with the groove 401b formation in the inner wall of end face of connecting shaft 401；Now elongated insertion part insertion portion in connecting shaft 401 401a limits the circumferential position of elongated insertion part 301, realizes the fixation of circumferential position between knee joint upper connector 4 and swing rod 3.With The internal thread of locking lid 302 and the end external screw thread of connecting shaft 401 are coordinated afterwards, by tightening locking lid 302, make the end of locking lid 302 Face holds out against elongated insertion part 301, limits the axial location of elongated insertion part 301, realizes knee joint upper connector 4 and the countershaft of swing rod 3 To the fixation of position.

Connected mode between above-mentioned knee joint upper connector 4 and knee joint femoral is as shown in Figure 5：First, on knee joint Mounting hole is prefabricated with the outer wall of connector 4, fixing screws 15 are screwed into, the front end of fixing screws 15 is located at knee joint upper connector 4 It is internal；The positioning rod member 13 (steel nail) of two cross settings is installed at knee joint femoral end simultaneously.Then, by knee joint femoral End is inserted in inside knee joint upper connector 4 in the lump with positioning rod member 13, and the inside filling self-solidifying of connector 4 on knee joint Resin 14, after self-curing resin 14 solidifies, by the positioning rod member 13 of right-angled intersection prevent rotation between femur end and resin 14 and Displacement；The rotation between knee joint upper connector 4 and resin 14 is prevented by the fixing screws 15 on the outer wall of knee joint upper connector 4 With displacement, rigidly fixing between femur end and knee joint upper connector 4 is finally realized.

The twist mechanism 6, which is installed on the T-slot platform 12 below the experiment chuck of machine grip holder 101, the platform 12, to be had The a plurality of equidistant T-slot 12a designed along space x-axis.Twist mechanism 6 includes twist mechanism base 601, torsional axis 602, slided Mechanism mounting bracket 603 and twist mechanism bearing spider 604, as shown in Figure 6.Wherein, the both sides of twist mechanism base 601 are respectively provided with two Individual bar hole, totally four bar holes；Bar hole is passed through by four bolts, and by rotating twist mechanism base 601, makes four spiral shells Bolt respectively with the T-slot 12a positions Corresponding matching on platform 12, and coordinate be installed in T-slot 12a, thus can realize torsion Mechanism base 601 is along the translation on the x-axis direction of space；And in bolt and T-slot 12a matching process, by bolt along bar shaped The movement in hole, realizes the fine setting of twist mechanism position base.Torsional axis 602 is set perpendicular to twist mechanism base 601, end with Twist mechanism base 601 is fixed.Twist mechanism bearing spider 604 is two, is installed on longitudinally disposed twist mechanism mounting bracket On 603, and it is socketed on by bearing on torsional axis 602；Twist mechanism mounting bracket 603 is set to be rotated around torsional axis 602；Torsional axis As the axle that turned up in knee joint, it can be rotated under knee joint varus and motion of turning up.The rotational angle of twist mechanism mounting bracket 603 It can be coordinated by the pointer designed on twist mechanism mounting bracket 603 with the scale that the top end of torsional axis 602 is designed and read.On The both sides of twist mechanism mounting bracket 603 are stated to be also equipped with reversing traction table 9.Torsion traction table 9 is frame structure, is set along the horizontal plane Put, with an arc-shaped side, the center of circle of arc-shaped side is located on the axis of torsional axis, and arcuately side is designed with cotton rope groove A901, And cotton rope groove A901 tip designs have and rope fastening hole A902；Pull rope A one end is lain at rope fastening hole A902, and pull rope is put In in cotton rope groove A901.Pull rope A ends load counterweight after bypassing torsion hauling block 10.Torsion hauling block 10 is installed on flat On the pulley yoke that the rear end of platform 12 is installed, the height of hauling block 10 is reversed in regulation, makes pull rope A and plane-parallel, adjustable pulley Rack position, makes pull rope A and torsion traction table 9 arc wire casing A901 tangent.Pull rope A end load counterweights, realize and reverse Rotated after the loading of mechanism mounting bracket 603.

The sliding equipment 7 includes slideway 701, glidepath 702 and upper slide rail 703.Wherein, slideway 701 is perpendicular to rotation Rotary shaft 602 is set in mechanism 6, and level is fixed on twist mechanism mounting bracket 603, and by twist mechanism mounting bracket 603 In the support of reinforcement 706 of installation.Two parallel bar holes are provided with slideway 701, for realizing the movement of glidepath 702. Glidepath 702 is set perpendicular to bar-shaped trough 704, and the both sides of glidepath 702 are provided with screw, is passed through by bolt after the screw of both sides, point Two bar-shaped troughs 704 that Cha Ru be on slideway, and be connected with nut；Glidepath 702 and slideway are realized by tightening nut Fixation between 701；Unclamp nut after, glidepath 702 can be made to be moved along bar-shaped trough 704, can be achieved sliding equipment 7 relative to torsion The position adjustments of rotation mechanism 6.Sliding block is equipped with glidepath 702, the two, which constitutes to be provided with above linear bearing, sliding block, turns Fishplate bar 705, is fixed with bolt between the two.The sliding block of fixed upper slide rail 703, is also spiral shell therebetween above pinboard 705 Bolt is fixed, and upper slide rail 703 constitutes linear bearing with the sliding block above pinboard 705, and upper slide rail 703 is perpendicular to glidepath 702 Set.Upper slide rail 703 is fixed on below the rotating base 803 in rotating mechanism 8；Thus, pinboard 705 hands over two crosses The linear bearing of fork is connected as a single entity, and two linear bearings are arranged along x-axis and y-axis respectively, realize 2 of shin bone in x-axis and y-axis Individual translation freedoms.The sliding distance of sliding equipment 8 is respectively by the pointer that is designed on pinboard 705 and glidepath 702 and upper The scale designed on slide rail 703, which coordinates, to be read.

The rotating mechanism 8 includes rotary shaft 801, rotating mechanism bearing spider 802 and rotating mechanism base 803.Wherein, Rotating mechanism bearing spider 802 is two, is installed on rotating mechanism base 803.Pacified respectively by bearing at the two ends of rotary shaft 801 Loaded on two rotating mechanism bearing spiders 802.The end of rotary shaft 801 is provided with connector 5 under knee joint.Rotary shaft 801 is made For spin axis inside and outside knee joint, it can be rotated under knee joint inward turning and outward turning campaign, and the rotation of rotary shaft 801 also can be to knee joint Apply moment of torsion；Wherein, the rotational angle of rotary shaft 801 can pass through the pointer that is designed in rotary shaft 801 and rotating mechanism bearing The scale designed on bearing 802, which coordinates, to be read.The above-mentioned front end of rotary shaft 801 is coaxially installed with rotation traction traction wheel disc 11；Rotation is led Running wheel disk 11 is circumferential to be designed with cotton rope groove 11a.Pull rope B one end is lain in the rope fastening hole of the outer rim of rotation traction traction wheel disc 11 design At B11b, and pull rope B is wound in cotton rope groove B11a forward or backwards, end load counterweight, realizes adding for rotary shaft 801 Load rotates forward or backwards.

Connector 5 is identical with the structure of knee joint upper connector 4 under the knee joint, for knee joint tibial is fixedly mounted End.Connector 5 and the end connected mode of rotary shaft 802 under knee joint, with knee joint upper connector 4 and the front end connection side of swing rod 3 Formula is identical；Connected mode under knee joint between connector 5 and knee joint tibial, with knee joint upper connector 4 and knee joint femoral Between connected mode it is identical.

The utility model in use, first install knee joint sample, it is specific as follows：By the femur and shin of knee joint sample Epiphysis is individually fixed under knee joint upper connector 4 and knee joint in connector 5, then by knee joint upper connector 4 and swing rod 3 Front end is connected, and the axle of going down on one's knees of knee joint sample is set along space y-axis direction, shin bone axis is set along space x-axis direction Put.The angle of swing rod 3 is adjusted, angle adjustment to the test of going down on one's knees of knee joint sample is needed into angle.Adjustment Tests machine grip holder up and down 101 positions, make the axis of shin bone axis and rotary shaft 801 be located at same level, translation rotating mechanism 8 and below Sliding equipment 7 and position of the twist mechanism 6 on platform 12, shin bone axis is overlapped with the axis of rotary shaft 801.Then Rotating mechanism 8 and sliding equipment 7 below and position of the twist mechanism 6 on platform 12 are translated along space x-axis direction, by knee Connector 5 is connected with the end of rotary shaft 801 under joint.Rezero operation is then carried out, adjustment twist mechanism 6 is on platform 12 Position, by the pinboard 705 in sliding equipment 7 along x-axis the position zero (pointer scale be located at 0) on upper slide rail 703, will turn Position zero on glidepath 702 along y-axis of fishplate bar 705 (pointer scale is located at 0)；Shin bone is set to be in inside and outside turn-knob square balance position Put, be used as the zero-bit of rotating mechanism 8；Twist mechanism 6 is in interior balance position of turning up, and is used as the zero-bit of twist mechanism 6.

Knee joint sample is installed by the above method, knee joint is gone down on one's knees into angle adjustment for 90 °, 60 °, 30 °, 15 ° successively, Following knee Stabilities and kinematics characteristic are carried out under angle of respectively going down on one's knees respectively to test, below with to knee Stability with Illustrated exemplified by kinematics characteristic test, including：

To stability and multifreedom motion characteristic test before A, shin bone；

Control experiment machine grip holder 101 is moved up, and the femur end of drawing knee joint sample is moved up, and causes the shin bone of knee joint sample Relative to before femur to displacement.During this, knee joint tibial retains 2 rotations and translates totally 5 frees degree with 3.Wherein, 2 Individual rotation is respectively the inside and outside rotation (being rotated along x-axis) of shin bone and shin bone is inside and outside turns over and (rotated along z-axis)；3 translations are respectively shin bone Moved along space x-axis, y-axis, z-axis.Specifically measuring method is：

(1), shin bone reach distance, that is, be moved along the z-axis distance, and distance is moved up for experiment machine grip holder 101；

(2), shin bone inward turning or outward turning angle, i.e., be rotating mechanism 6 around the anglec of rotation of rotary shaft 602 along the x-axis anglec of rotation Degree；

(3), tibia vara or valgus angle, i.e., be the anglec of rotation of torsional axis 801 in twist mechanism 8 along the z-axis anglec of rotation Degree；

(4), the distance that shin bone is moved along x-axis translation distance, i.e. sliding equipment along the slide rail that x-axis is set；

(5), the distance that shin bone is moved along y-axis translation distance, i.e. sliding equipment along the slide rail that y-axis is set；

To stability and kinematics characteristic it is kneed important biomolecule mechanical characteristic before shin bone, mainly by anterior cruciate ligament Maintain, other knee ligaments auxiliary.During the device measuring, knee joint maintains 5 frees degree, that is, is measuring Do not limited in journey in the non-measured free degree.While before measuring shin bone to stability, taken into account in kneed, Abduction Stability with it is kneed it is inside and outside rotation stability measurement, and measure before shin bone to loading when in space x-axis, y-axis On displacement.Therefore, the utility model is comprehensively and accurately measured having been made before knee joint tibial to stability.Measurement master To be applied to the measurement of anterior cruciate ligament graft function after the functional measurement of anterior cruciate ligament and reconstruction.

B, shin bone backward stability and multifreedom motion characteristic test；

Control experiment machine grip holder 101 is moved down, and the femur end of drawing knee joint sample is moved down, and causes shin bone in knee joint sample Relative to femur rearward displacement.During this, knee joint tibial equally has 5 frees degree, 2 rotations are respectively in shin bone, Outward turning (being rotated along x-axis) with shin bone is inside and outside turns over and (rotated along z-axis)；3 translations are respectively shin bone along space x-axis, y-axis, z-axis It is mobile.Specifically measuring method is：

(1) distance, is moved after shin bone, that is, is moved along the z-axis distance, distance is moved down for experiment machine grip holder；

(2), shin bone inward turning or outward turning angle, i.e., be rotating mechanism around rotation angle of rotating shaft along the x-axis anglec of rotation；

(3), tibia vara or valgus angle, i.e., be twist mechanism around the torsional axis anglec of rotation along the z-axis anglec of rotation；

(4), the distance that shin bone is moved along x-axis translation distance, i.e. sliding equipment along the slide rail that x-axis is set；

(5), the distance that shin bone is moved along y-axis translation distance, i.e. sliding equipment along the slide rail that y-axis is set；

Shin bone backward stability and kinematics characteristic are kneed important biomolecule mechanical characteristics, mainly by posterior cruciate ligament of knee Maintain, other knee ligaments auxiliary.During the device measuring, knee joint maintains 5 frees degree, that is, is measuring Not to being limited in the non-measured free degree in journey.While shin bone backward stability is measured, taken into account in kneed, Abduction Stability and the measurement of kneed inside and outside rotation stability, and measure after shin bone to shin bone during loading in space x Displacement on axle, y-axis.Therefore, the utility model has been made to knee joint tibial backward stability and comprehensively and accurately measured.Should Measurement is mainly used in the measurement of posterior cruciate ligament of knee graft function after the functional measurement of posterior cruciate ligament of knee and reconstruction.

C, shin bone inward turning and outward turning stability and multifreedom motion characteristic test.

Pull rope B one end is lain at the rope fastening hole B11b on rotation traction traction wheel disc 11, and is wound in line forward or backwards In grooving 11a；Counterweight then is installed on pull rope B, pulling force is applied from counterweight to pull rope B, is produced on rotating mechanism 8 5N/m torque load；And then the forward or reverse of rotary shaft 801 is driven, apply moment of torsion to knee joint tibial, realize shin bone inward turning Or outward turning stability test.

Under counterweight effect, pull rope B is in vertical state, and when inward turning or outward turning occur for rotary shaft 801, pull rope B is equal It is in tangential relationship that can keep with cotton rope groove 11a, and now the arm of force is constant (diameter for being equal to twist mechanism 8), it is ensured that moment of torsion is loaded It is constant；In this moment of torsion loading procedure, limitation is not caused to motion of the shin bone in other frees degree, knee joint is in test During keep 4 frees degree, wherein, 2 rotations are respectively the inside and outside rotation (being rotated along x-axis) of shin bone and shin bone is inside and outside turns over (along z Axle rotates)；2 translations are respectively that shin bone is moved along space x-axis, y-axis.Motion conditions of the shin bone in each free degree are obtained To measurement, it is ensured that the accuracy of test result.

D, tibia vara and Abduction Stability and multifreedom motion characteristic test；

Pull rope A one end is lain in into the left side of sliding equipment mounting bracket 603 or right side and reverses the rope fastening hole A902 of traction table 9 Place, and grooving A901 sets pull rope A along the line；Then, position and height of the adjustment pulley bracket on platform 12, make pull rope A is on horizontal plane, and pull rope A is bypassed after torsion hauling block 10, counterweight is installed in the pull rope A other ends, it is ensured that traction The arc-shaped side of rope A and torsion traction table 9 is tangent, and tractive force is applied from counterweight to pull rope A, produces 5N/m's on twist mechanism Load；And then drive twist mechanism to be rotated forward or backwards around torsional axis 602, realize tibia vara or Abduction Stability test.

Adjust position of the fixed pulley support on platform, it is ensured that pull rope A and the arc-shaped side for reversing traction table 9 are tangent, this When the arm of force it is constant the diameter of the arch section of traction table 9 (be equal to reverse), that is, ensure that the constant of moment of torsion loading；In the loading of this moment of torsion During, limitation is not caused to motion of the shin bone in other frees degree, knee joint keeps 4 freedom in test process Degree, wherein, 2 rotations are respectively the inside and outside rotation (being rotated along x-axis) of shin bone and shin bone is inside and outside turns over and (rotated along z-axis)；2 translations point Not Wei shin bone moved along space x-axis, y-axis.Motion conditions of the shin bone in each free degree are measured, it is ensured that test As a result accuracy.

By the utility model knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, knee joint three state can be measured Under (ligamentaum cruciatum is complete, ligamentaum cruciatum cut-out, Cruciate ligament reconstruction), different loading environments (it is front and rear to loading, it is interior turn up plus Carry, interior outward turning loading) under kneed stability and kinematics characteristic.By comparative studies ligamentaum cruciatum completely and ligamentaum cruciatum Two states are cut off, the function of ligamentaum cruciatum can be specified；Pass through the cut-out of comparative studies ligamentaum cruciatum and Cruciate ligament reconstruction two The state of kind, can specify the effect of this kind of Cruciate ligament reconstruction technology；By comparative studies ligamentaum cruciatum completely and ligamentaum cruciatum Two states are rebuild, the not enough and improved direction of this kind of Cruciate ligament reconstruction technology can be specified.

The utility model is equally applicable for the forward and backward ligamentaum cruciatum of knee joint, realizes the work(of the forward and backward ligamentaum cruciatum of knee joint It can test and be assessed with Reconstruction formula, provide experimental basis for clinical position, it is to avoid blindness.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of knee Stability and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Including mechanics Material Testing Machine, indexing Disk, swing rod, rotating mechanism, sliding equipment and twist mechanism；

The index dial is clamped by mechanics Material Testing Machine upper grip, and swing rod end is installed on index dial；Along the half of index dial Circular periphery at equal intervals 15 degree design positioning hole；Swing rod is connected from different positioning holes, makes swing rod and horizontal plane angle It is adjustable between having 0~90 degree；Knee joint femoral is fixedly mounted in swing rod front end；

The twist mechanism by twist mechanism floor installation on the platform of Material Testing Machine, with what is rotated along vertical z-axis Bearing holder (housing, cover) is installed, twist mechanism is connected on torsional axis by bearing holder (housing, cover) on torsional axis, torsional axis；Sliding equipment is handed over by cross The upper slide rail set is pitched to constitute with glidepath；Upper slide rail is arranged along x-axis, is installed on the base lower surface of rotating mechanism, with along x The translation freedoms of axle；Glidepath is arranged along the y-axis, and is installed on sliding equipment mounting bracket, with the translation freedoms along y-axis； Above rotating mechanism installation and sliding equipment, with the rotary shaft rotated along x-axis；Rotate shaft end and knee joint shin is fixedly mounted Bone；

Twist mechanism mounting bracket both sides are also equipped with reversing traction table；Reversing traction table has circular arc side, and along circular arc Shape side is designed with cotton rope groove；After pull rope one end is fixed, it is arranged in cotton rope groove, then bypasses the fixed pulley installed on platform Afterwards, other end loading counterweight, realizes and is rotated after the loading of twist mechanism；

Rotary shaft end is provided with rotation traction traction wheel disc；Rotation traction traction wheel disc is circumferentially designed with cotton rope groove；Pull rope one end is fixed In on traction wheel disc, and it is wound in forward or backwards in cotton rope groove, end load counterweight, realizes the rotation forward or backwards of rotary shaft Turn.

2. a kind of knee Stability as claimed in claim 1 and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Index dial week The axis of guide for being designed with and coordinating with guide groove on guide groove, swing rod is designed with upwards.

3. a kind of knee Stability as claimed in claim 1 and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Twist mechanism In, after pull rope end load counterweight, it need to ensure that the circular arc side of pull rope and rotation traction traction platform is tangent.

4. a kind of knee Stability as claimed in claim 1 and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Sliding equipment In, fixed transfer plate on the sliding block of glidepath, the sliding block of pinboard and upper slide rail is fixed, i.e., by pinboard by right-angled intersection The sliding equipment that upper and lower slide rail links into an integrated entity.

5. a kind of knee Stability as claimed in claim 1 and kinematics characteristic test device, it is characterised in that：Have on platform There is the equidistant T-slot designed along space x-axis；Twist mechanism base both sides are provided with two bar holes；Bar hole is passed through by bolt, with T-slot position Corresponding matching on platform；By position of the mobile bolt in platform T-slot, realize twist mechanism in platform On position adjustments fix, by bar hole, realize the fine setting of twist mechanism position on platform.