CN206572776U - 适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统 - Google Patents
适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN206572776U CN206572776U CN201720280646.9U CN201720280646U CN206572776U CN 206572776 U CN206572776 U CN 206572776U CN 201720280646 U CN201720280646 U CN 201720280646U CN 206572776 U CN206572776 U CN 206572776U
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，包括填充式管板光伏光热模块、直流循环水泵、循环水箱、蓄热水箱、逆变控制器、蓄电池以及热控制器、家用热水装置和热墙；所述填充式管板光伏光热模块经由直流循环水泵与循环水箱连接，循环水箱与蓄热水箱连接，蓄热水箱通过热控制器分别与家用热水装置及热墙连接，所述热墙通过三通阀分别与自来水和循环水箱连接，所述填充式管板光伏光热模块通过逆变控制器与蓄电池及交流负载连接。有益效果：利用太阳能为农村住宅提供电能并提供热能，既能满足农村用户冬季供暖又能夏季提供生活热水的需求，可以改善系统传热效果。
Description
适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统
技术领域
[0001]本实用新型属于新能源及建筑节能领域，尤其涉及一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能 光伏光热系统。
背景技术
[0002]可再生能源在建筑中的应用与发展替代了建筑中的一部分常规能源的消耗，在建 筑节能减排上发挥了一定的作用。而在我国广大的农村地区，其建筑具有分散和独立的特 点，其采暖方式仍以煤炭和柴火为主，在消耗大量不可再生能源的同时也造成了环境污染 和安全隐患。目前雾霾问题严重，国家大力推广农村散煤清洁化替代工作，在农村居民采暖 领域推广电能替代。夏季为保障部分单位的正常运转，电力部门会限制农村地区用电，导致 农村地区经常停电。
[0003] 目前多以太阳能光伏、太阳能光热的形式应用在建筑中。随着电池板温度上升，光 电转换效率下降，而太阳能光伏光热一体化系统是利用敷设在光伏板背面的流体通道中的 流体循环带走光伏电池发电过程中产生的热量，不仅可以降低光伏电池温度从而提高发电 效率，还可以得到热水用作生活热水或初级热源。然而已有的管板式光伏光热模块中光伏 电池背板与流体通道的传热面积较小，不利于热量快速、高效的传递;经过一段时间后冷却 水温度上升，传热效率降低。如何将太阳能应用在农村住宅供暖中，将光伏光热系统与农村 住宅有机结合，既能满足农村用户冬季供暖又能夏季提供生活热水的需求是当前节能减排 “坚决打好蓝天保卫战”亟待要解决的问题。 实用新型内容
[0004] 本实用新型是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能光 伏光热系统，利用太阳能为农村住宅提供电能并提供热能，既能满足农村用户冬季供暖又 能夏季提供生活热水的需求，可以改善系统传热效果。
[0005] 本实用新型为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现，一种适用于农村住宅的太 阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:包括填充式管板光伏光热模块、直流循环水栗、循环水箱、蓄 热水箱、逆变控制器、蓄电池以及热控制器、家用热水装置和热墙;所述填充式管板光伏光 热模块经由直流循环水泵与循环水箱连接，循环水箱与蓄热水箱连接，蓄热水箱通过热控 制器分别与家用热水装置及热墙连接，所述热墙通过三通阀分别与自来水和循环水箱连 接，所述填充式管板光伏光热模块通过逆变控制器与蓄电池及交流负载连接;所述填充式 管板光伏光热模块包括自上而下依次连接的光伏电池板、导热硅胶和吸热板构成光伏光热 模块并置于框架内，所述光伏光热模块下表面设有相互贯通的流体通道，框架内流体通道 之间设有填充介质并与光伏光热模块构成整体填充式管板光伏光热模块。
[0006] 所述交流负载包括家用照明装置和电取暖器，所述逆变控制器与蓄电池连接后通 过电控制器分别家用照明装置和电取暖器连接。
[0007] 所述蓄热水箱与热控制器之间设有辅助加热设备。
[0008] 所述热控制器与热墙之间设有水栗。
[0009] 所述填充介质选用铁削。
[0010]所述填充式管板光伏光热模块框架的外表面设有保温材料。
[0011] 所述循环水箱内设有温度探头，温控阀和自动浮球阀。
[0012] 有益效果:与现有技术相比，本实用新型有效利用清洁能源、减少建筑物化石燃料 和电的消耗，利用太阳能为农村住宅同时提供电和热水，节能环保;新型光伏光热模块使用 铁削作为填充介质，较光伏模块及普通光伏光热模块的传热效果及综合效率都有着大幅度 提高；同时设置循环水箱和蓄热水箱的系统形式，保证为光伏电池降温的冷却水始终处于 较低温度，增强散热效果，从而提升系统效率;循环水箱内设置的温度探头和温控阀可以使 循环水箱内水温达到满足用户需求的温度后自动流入蓄热水箱，在自动浮球阀的作用下循 环水箱自动补水，运行稳定，减少人力投入;采用太阳能作为热源并配合辅助加热系统，有 效降低了农村住宅中发生火灾及中毒窒息的几率，有较高安全性。
附图说明
[0013] 图1是本实用新型结构示意图；
[0014] 图2是填充式管板光伏光热模块的结构示意图；
[0015]图3a是热墙侧视截面结构示意图；
[0016] 图3b是热墙正视截面结构示意图。
[0017] 图中：1-填充式管板光伏光热模块，2-直流循环水栗，3-循环水箱，3-1、温度探头， 3-2、温控阀，3-3、自动浮球阀，4-蓄热水箱，5-逆变控制器，6-蓄电池，7-电控制器，8-家用 照明装置，9-电取暖器，10-辅助加热设备，11-热控制器，12-家用热水装置，13-水泵，14-热 墙，14-1-热水入口，14-2-冷水出口，14-3-排管，14-4-三通阀，15-自来水，16-光伏电池板， 17-导热硅胶，18-吸热板，19-流体通道，20-填充介质，21-保温材料，22-框架。
具体实施方式
[0018] 以下结合较佳实施例，对依据本实用新型提供的具体实施方式详述如下：详见附 图，本实施例提供了一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，包括填充式管板光伏光 热模块1、直流循环水泵2、循环水箱3、蓄热水箱4、逆变控制器5、蓄电池6以及热控制器11、 家用热水装置12和热墙14;所述填充式管板光伏光热模块经由直流循环水泵与循环水箱连 接，循环水箱与蓄热水箱连接，蓄热水箱通过热控制器分别与家用热水装置及墙热墙连接， 热墙设有热水入口 14-1，冷水出口 14-2,14-3-排管，所述热通过三通阀14-4分别与自来水 15和循环水箱3连接，所述填充式管板光伏光热模块通过逆变控制器与蓄电池及交流负载 连接;所述填充式管板光伏光热模块包括自上而下依次连接的光伏电池板16、导热硅胶I7 和吸热板18构成光伏光热模块并置于框架22内，所述光伏光热模块下表面设有相互贯通的 流体通道19,框架内流体通道之间设有填充介质20并与光伏光热模块构成整体填充式管板 光伏光热模块。所述交流负载包括家用照明装置8和电取暖器9,所述逆变控制器5与蓄电池 6连接后通过电控制器7分别与家用照明装置和电取暖器连接。所述蓄热水箱与热控制器之 间设有辅助加热设备10。所述热控制器与热墙之间设有水泵13。
[0019]所述填充介质选用铁削。所述填充式管板光伏光热模块框架的外表面设有保温材 料21。所述循环水箱内设有温度探头3-1，温控阀3-2和自动浮球阀3-3，循环水箱与自来水 连接。
[0020]系统中包括有循环水箱及蓄热水箱，循环水箱用于使流体循环并为光伏电池降 温，蓄热水箱用于存储可满足用户需求的热水，夏季可接入用户端提供生活热水，过渡季节 可接入设有流体通道的热墙内，通过流体循环为室内带来一定热量，配合电取暖器为农村 住宅供暖;冬季通过辅助加热设备后接入设有流体通道的热墙内，配合电取暖器为农村住 宅供暖。冷水出口与自来水在经过三通阀后与循环水箱连接。
[0021] 工作原理
[0022]照射在光伏光热模块的太阳能中，一部分被光伏电池板转化为电能，一部分被反 射或吸收转化为热能并导致其温度上升，模块的发电效率随温度升高而降低，通过在光伏 板背面敷设流体通道并使冷却水带走光伏板背面的部分热量可以在一定程度上克服温度 对系统发电效率的影响，并且在提供电能的同时提供生活热水。通过填充导热介质增大了 光伏板背面与流体通道的接触面积，提高传热效率。通过温度探头和温控阀使满足需求温 度的循环水自循环水箱转移至蓄热水箱继而接入热水用户端并通过自动浮球阀及时补充 温度较低的冷却水，增强了传热效果。填充式光伏光热模块产生的电能直接供给循环水荥 使用，并可在电控制器的作用下进行切换，在夏季供给家用照明装置，在过渡季节及冬季供 给电取暖器。蓄热水箱内的热水可在热控制器的作用下进行切换，在夏季供给家用热水装 置，过渡季节在水泵的驱动下供给设有流体通道的热墙内，通过流体循环为室内带来一定 热量，配合电取暖器为农村住宅供暖;冬季通过辅助加热设备后，通过水泵接入设有流体通 道的热墙内，配合电取暖器为农村住宅供暖。由热墙流出的冷水与自来水在经过三通阀后 流回循环水箱。
[0023] 工作过程
[0024]当太阳辐射照射到填充式光伏光热模块上，一部分太阳辐射被光伏电池吸收并转 化为电能，一部分被反射或吸收转化为热能，其温度上升。光伏光热模块产生的电能一部分 直接供给直流循环水泵，一部分经逆变控制系统后储存进蓄电池，在限制用电从而造成频 繁停电的夏季，通过电控制器的作用将所产生的电能供给家用照明装置，在过渡季节及冬 季供给电取暖器，代替燃煤为农村住宅供暖。在直流循环水泵的作用下，循环水箱中的冷却 水带走光伏板背面的部分热量并逐渐升温，当设置在循环水箱内的温度探头检测到水箱内 水温高于47C，即满足用户需求的温度时，温控阀打开，循环水箱中的热水转移到蓄热水箱 中，后经过辅助加热设备接入用户端，在自动浮球阀的作用下，温度较低的自来水补充至循 环水箱内，继续参与循环，蓄热水箱中的水通过热控制器的作用在夏季供给家用热水装置。 详见附图3a-3b，在过渡季节，在水栗的驱动下供给到设有流体通道的热墙内，热墙内设有 热水入口管及冷水出口管，热水入口管及冷水出口管间由多根等距离分布的竖向排管连 接，管道由墙体包裹在内，热水自热水入口管流入后经冷水出口流出，通过流体循环为室内 带来一定热量，配合电取暖器为农村住宅供暖;冬季通过辅助加热设备后，在水泵的驱动下 供给到设有流体通道的热墙内，配合电取暖器为农村住宅供暖。由热墙流出的冷水与自来 水在经过三通阀后流回循环水箱。
[0025]上述参照实施例对该一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统进行的详细描 述，是说明性的而不是限定性的，可按照所限定范围列举出若干个实施例，因此在不脱离本 实用新型总体构思下的变化和修改，应属本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:包括填充式管板光伏光热 模块、直流循环水泵、循环水箱、蓄热水箱、逆变控制器、蓄电池以及热控制器、家用热水装 置和热墙;所述填充式管板光伏光热模块经由直流循环水泵与循环水箱连接，循环水箱与 蓄热水箱连接，蓄热水箱通过热控制器分别与家用热水装置及热墙连接，所述热墙通过三 通阀分别与自来水和循环水箱连接，所述填充式管板光伏光热模块通过逆变控制器与蓄电 池及交流负载连接;所述填充式管板光伏光热模块包括自上而下依次连接的光伏电池板、 导热硅胶和吸热板构成光伏光热模块并置于框架内，所述光伏光热模块下表面设有相互贯 通的流体通道，框架内流体通道之间设有填充介质并与光伏光热模块构成整体填充式管板 光伏光热模块。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述交流 负载包括家用照明装置和电取暖器，所述逆变控制器与蓄电池连接后通过电控制器分别家 用照明装置和电取暖器连接。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述蓄热 水箱与热控制器之间设有辅助加热设备。
4.根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述热控 制器与热墙之间设有水泵。
5.根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述填充 介质选用铁削。
6.根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述填充 式管板光伏光热模块框架的外表面设有保温材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的适用于农村住宅的太阳能光伏光热系统，其特征是:所述循环 水箱内设有温度探头，温控阀和自动浮球阀。
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