CN206555001U - Exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of igniter handled for diesel motor exhaust.Specifically, the utility model is related to a kind of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine, and the exhaust treatment system includes：Low temperature heating device, the low temperature heating device is arranged on the tailpipe downstream of Diesel engine, including：Columnar heating device housing, the exhaust pipe mouth connection of the heating device housing and Diesel engine；And igniter, the igniter is in vertical manner or the mode of oblique cutting is fixed on the side wall of the heating device housing so that a part for the igniter is located in the heating device housing；And particle trapper, the particle trapper is made up of wall-flow honeycomb formula ceramic filter, for trapping the particulate matter from engine exhaust.

Description

Exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine

Technical field

The utility model is related to exhaust gas from diesel vehicle post processing field.Specifically, the utility model is related to for making diesel vehicle Tail gas heating, filter and the exhaust treatment system and its renovation process that are regenerated to used particle trapper.

Background technology

Diesel engine is to obtain exergonic engine by burning diesel oil.The fuel of use for diesel engine is diesel oil, it Ratio of viscosities gasoline is big, it is not easy to evaporate, and its autoignition temperature is lower than gasoline.The advantage of Diesel engine is that moment of torsion is big, economical Performance is good, therefore, is widely used in large-sized diesel equipment, is particularly suitable for the use of cargo vehicle, such as Large-power High-Speed Diesel engine main supporting heavy-duty car, motorbus, engineering machinery, ship, generating set etc..

But, because operating pressure is big, diesel engine requires that each relevant part has higher structural strength and rigidity, so Diesel engine is heavier, and volume is larger；The injection pump of diesel engine requires high with the nozzle accuracy of manufacture, so cost is higher；In addition, Diesel engine rough running, vibration noise is big；Diesel oil is difficult evaporation, starting difficulty during winter cold car.Due to These characteristics, former bavin Oil turbine is generally used on large and medium-sized load truck.Further, since Diesel engine is heavier, power per liter index is not so good as Gasoline engine (rotating speed is relatively low), noise, vibrates higher, and soot and particle (PM) are discharged than more serious, thus it is all the time seldom by To the favor of car.The particularly new development of miniature high-speed Diesel engine, a collection of advanced technology, such as electric controlled direct spray, altogether Rail, turbocharging, in the technology such as cold be able to apply on miniature diesel engine, obtain the shortcoming that original Diesel engine is present Preferable solution has been arrived, and diesel engine is in energy-conservation and CO₂Advantage in terms of discharge, then be all heating power including gasoline engine What engine can not replace, as " environmental-friendly engine ".

But, due to diesel vehicle soot with particulate emission than more serious, so the application of diesel vehicle is received than larger Limitation.The emphasis of diesel engine emissions pollutant catabolic gene is PM.Diesel particulate emission is reduced to meet discharge standard With the requirement of regulation, after-treatment device must also be used simultaneously in addition to using emission controls by improving combustion, and particle trapper (DPF) is current One of post-processing technology most effective, most with prospects of control Particulate Emission of proposition.

Particle trapper can reduce cigarette ash produced by Diesel engine up to more than 90%.The particle matter captured with Removed afterwards by regenerating.The regeneration of so-called filter refers to that in DPF long-term works the particulate matter in catcher gradually increases meeting Cause engine back pressure to raise, cause engine performance to decline, so periodically to remove the particulate matter of deposition, recover DPF mistake Filter performance.The regeneration of catcher has two methods of initiative regeneration and passive regeneration：Initiative regeneration refer to using outside energy come The temperature in catcher is improved, makes particulate ignition.When the temperature in catcher reaches 550 DEG C, the particulate matter of deposition is just Meeting oxidizing fire, if temperature does not reach 550 DEG C, excessive deposit will block catcher, at this moment be accomplished by using additional The energy (such as change of electric heater, burner or engine operating condition) improves the temperature in DPF, makes particulate matter Burning.Passive regeneration refers to reducing the ignition temperature of particulate using fuel oil additive or catalyst, enables particulate just Ignition at a temperature of normal diesel exhaust gas.Additive (such as cerium, iron and strontium) will be added in fuel oil in certain proportion, addition Agent can excessively influence DOC life-span, but if very few, may result in regeneration delays or regeneration temperature rise.

Chinese patent application CN103104321A is proposed after a kind of diesel engine exhaust disclosed in 15 days Mays in 2013 Handle heat riser and temperature-rising method.In this application, the temperature of DPF waste gas is lifted into using low temperature heating device, is made The carbon particle burning that must be accumulated in DPF, so that dpf regeneration.However, the atomization of fuel oil and insufficient in this application, because The burning-point of this fuel-air mixture formed is higher, causes required fire rod temperature higher.Further, since in the Shen Please in fire rod simultaneously play a part of preheating and igniting, it is therefore desirable to keep high temperature for a long time, cause fire rod to be easily damaged, Need often replacing；And because fire rod is arranged on inside oversheath, it is difficult to be individually replaced, thus bring cost increase and The problems such as safeguarding inconvenient.In addition, relatively low (for example, the northeast region of China, outdoor temperature in the environment temperature that automobile is exercised Generally reach subzero 20-30 degree) in the case of, due to insufficient to fuel oil and preheating of air, cause low temperature heating device frequent It can not smoothly light, i.e. loss of ignition, and then cause dpf regeneration to fail.Meanwhile, such loss of ignition also produces secondary dirt Dye.

Utility model content

In view of foregoing problems, the utility model proposes a kind of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine, the tail gas Processing system can in various complex working conditions, especially be under cryogenic brought rapidly up diesel oil and the fresh air of introducing, Igniting, so that waste gas, which is rapidly heated to particle trapper, regenerates required temperature so that carbon of the accumulation in particle trapper Particle can be removed by the way that burning is quick in the short period of time.Come simultaneously as employing single pre- hot pin to introducing Fresh air and fuel oil are preheated, and can so shorten the working time of ceramic ignition plug, so as to extend ceramic ignition plug Service life.Further, since carrying out multiple preheating to air and fuel oil before ignition, it is possible to increase fuel-air mixture Temperature, and then improve the stability lighted, make the burning in igniter more abundant, reduce the risk of secondary pollution, Improve the economy of fuel oil.

Above mentioned problem is addressed by following scheme：

There is provided a kind of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine in the first aspect, it is characterised in that the tail gas Processing system includes：Low temperature heating device, the low temperature heating device is arranged on the tailpipe downstream of Diesel engine, including：Cylinder The heating device housing of shape, the exhaust pipe mouth connection of the heating device housing and Diesel engine；And igniter, the igniting dress Put in vertical manner or the mode of oblique cutting is fixed on the side wall of the heating device housing so that one of the igniter Divide and be located in the heating device housing；And particle trapper, the particle trapper is wall-flow honeycomb formula ceramic filter, For trapping the particulate matter from engine exhaust.In one embodiment, the igniter includes：The set of cylinder Cylinder, the sleeve is formed by outer sleeve and inner sleeve intussusception；The oil inlet pipe and air inlet pipe being arranged in the sleeve, the oil-feed Manage for introducing fuel oil, the air inlet pipe is used to introduce fresh air；The preheating part on the first end of the sleeve is arranged on, The preheating part is made up of pre- hot pin, heat storage and nozzle carrier, is connected with the oil inlet pipe and/or air inlet pipe；It is arranged on described Ignition part in sleeve lateral wall, the ignition part includes ceramic ignition plug and the mounting seat for fixing the ceramic ignition plug； And combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is made up of the inner sleeve, is connected with the preheating part.

By the igniter, it can make its combustion is fully atomized and reduced by well-mixed fuel-air mixture Point, then fights burning through fire rod point, so that the delivery temperature from Diesel engine is raised rapidly, until reaching installation Regeneration temperature needed for particle trapper in downstream.Therefore, using the exhaust treatment system in this aspect, bavin will can be come from Most particles (for example, more than 95% particulate matter) in the exhaust of oil turbine are removed using particle trapper, and And, the particle accumulated in particle trapper can smoothly be removed by burning, so as to realize the regeneration of particle trapper.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the pre- hot pin and the fire rod can be by boron nitride barred bodies Or silicon nitride barred body and heating wire are constituted, the heating wire is built in the boron nitride barred body or silicon nitride barred body.Preferably, The heating wire is tungsten filament.Such pre- hot pin and fire rod can produce and be resistant to high temperature, such as 1100 DEG C or so of height Temperature, the high temperature of even more high.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the heat storage can be outside cylindrical shape, its fore-end Spiral groove is provided with the wall of side, the depth of the groove is less than the sidewall thickness of the fore-end.Preferably, it is described The shape of cross section of groove is rectangle, square, semicircle or U-shape.The groove so set extend fuel oil or fuel oil- The time of contact of air mixture and heat storage so that fuel oil or fuel-air mixture can be fully warmed-up by heat storage, from And the burning-point of fuel spray is reached, be conducive to it smoothly to light.Further, since the depth of the groove is less than the fore-end Thickness so that fuel oil all the time in the groove flow, directly contacted without the pre- hot pin with high temperature, so as to avoid Acutely heated in short time and produce substantial amounts of mist of oil.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the nozzle carrier include the fixed part that is relatively large in diameter and diameter compared with Auxiliary section that is small, being engaged with the fore-end of the heat storage unit, wherein the center position in the fixed part is provided with Jet hole for spraying fuel oil and/or fuel-air mixture.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the air inlet pipe is connected with the inner sleeve, wherein described Equidistant in the side wall of the auxiliary section of heat storage to be provided with air through hole, the air through hole connects the inner sleeve and the groove It is logical.Using the air through hole, the fresh air from air inlet pipe can be introduced into the groove, so as to mix shape with fuel oil Into fuel-air mixture.Such abundant burning being provided with beneficial to fuel oil.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, is additionally provided with horn-shaped duct in the combustion chamber, described Horn-shaped duct is connected with the nozzle carrier, including cylindrical duct and horn-like by expanding into of stretching out of the cylindrical duct Several conduit bars.Using the horn-shaped duct, ceramic ignition plug can be protected not blow cold by fresh air or blow out, while Play a part of guiding fresh air.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the oil inlet pipe is arranged to the first oil-feed tube portion, second entered Tubing section and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion, the first oil-feed tube portion and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion are along the sleeve Length direction is arranged in the sleeve, and the second oil-feed tube portion is arranged on the inside of the sleeve or is arranged on described On the outside of sleeve, on the path that flame sprays, wherein the second oil-feed tube portion be arranged to U-bend, semicircle bend pipe, The form of snake bend, toroidal bend or the manifold with branch road.Set using such oil inlet pipe, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase fuel oil is entering Residence time in oil pipe and in the path that flame sprays, so that fuel oil is produced by before being ejected using burning Thermal current is fully warmed-up, and is conducive to smoothly lighting for fuel oil.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the igniter is fixed on the heating in the way of oblique cutting On the first side wall of device housing, the center line of the igniter and the angle of the center line formation of the heating device housing are 15-75 degree, for example, 15 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, preferably 60 degree, 75 degree, 45 degree.Because igniter is only partially located within heating In device housing, therefore reduce the area and volume with containing exit gases, so that reduce the resistance that igniter is caused to exhaust stream, Exhaust back pressure is advantageously reduced, the influence to engine performance is reduced.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect is relative in the first side wall with being fixed with the igniter Several semicircular inclination catch are equidistantly provided with second sidewall, the semicircle side of preferably described catch is fixed on described second On the wall of side, the angle that its one side mutually met with the exhaust from the exhaust pipe of engine is formed with the second sidewall is 90 to 170 Degree, for example, 95 degree, 100 degree, 105 degree, 110 degree, 115 degree, 120 degree, 125 degree, 130 degree, 135 degree, 140 degree, 145 degree, 150 Degree, 155 degree, 160 degree, 165 degree or 170 degree, preferably 120 degree or 125 degree.Using the catch, it can change to a certain extent Become the flow direction of exhaust, form flow-disturbing or so, be conducive to exhaust to be mixed with the thermal current produced by burning, so as to realize abundant, equal The effect of even heating exhaust stream.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, flow spoiler is additionally provided with the downstream of the low temperature heating device, Preferably, the flow spoiler includes housing, is arranged on the flange at housing two ends and is arranged on multiple equal pressing plates of enclosure interior With multiple mixed plates, the circumferential inner wall of the equal pressing plate and the mixed plate along housing is equably set；The equal pressing plate and The axis direction of the mixed plate and housing is angularly disposed into 60 °~80 °, with the inwall of housing into 60 °~80 ° along gaseous mixture The airflow direction of body is set.Using the flow spoiler, can make the heated exhaust stream from heating device further pressed and Uniform flow, so as to realize the abundant heating of exhaust.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the connection that the heating device housing is connected with the exhaust pipe mouth Portion is in the cone shape of interior diameter gradual change so that the interior diameter of the straight-tube portion of the heating device housing is more than the exhaust pipe mouth Interior diameter.Such setting can make pressure and the flow velocity reduction into the exhaust of heating device housing, so that exhaust and combustion Thermal current produced by burning has more times of contact, is conducive to the heating of exhaust.Meanwhile, such setting can reduce heating Stop of the device housing to exhaust, reduces the back pressure of exhaust.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, it is pre- at the entrance front end of the oil inlet pipe to be additionally provided with fuel oil Hot device, to be preheated to fuel oil.Using oil preheater, the fuel oil temperature before spraying can be improved to the further preheating of fuel oil Degree, is conducive to smoothly lighting for fuel oil.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, between the low temperature heating device and the particle trapper also Oxidation catalyst is provided with, for removing hydrocarbon and partial particulate thing in exhaust.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, the honeycomb ceramic filter filter is by cordierite, carbonization Silicon or recrystallized silicon carbide are made.

Exhaust treatment system according to first aspect, taper is provided with before the DOC and mixes lid, for disperseing With uniform heated exhaust, it is set uniformly to heat DOC.The center line for mixing conical lid and DOC center line weights Close, the drift angle of its conical cavity is spent for 100 to 160, for example, 110 degree, 120 degree, 130 degree, 140 degree, 145 degree, 150 degree, Preferably 140 degree.Uniformly lid evenly spreads to the heated exhaust from heating device in DOC for the taper so that DOC can By homogenous combustion and heating, further such that the DPF for being arranged on DOC downstreams can be by homogenous combustion and heating, so as to realize DPF Uniform regeneration, it is to avoid DPF is because of heating is uneven and ruptures situation.

Compared with background technology, technical scheme provided by the utility model have many advantages, such as it is described above, for example The abundant atomization of fuel-air mixture, burning-point are reduced, stably lighted, fully burning, reducing exhaust back pressure etc., these advantages Exhaust treatment system provided by the utility model is made in extreme operating mode, especially at a temperature of less than zero degree Delivery temperature is raised, so as to realize the regeneration of particle trapper.Never it can solve the problem that for a long time which solve this area Particle trapper regeneration problem, so as to be laid a solid foundation for the extensive use of diesel vehicle.

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model is described below with reference to accompanying drawing.It should be appreciated that accompanying drawing is intended merely to solve by way of example Release and illustrate principle of the present utility model, and have no intention to be limited to the utility model into concrete scheme shown in accompanying drawing. In accompanying drawing：

Fig. 1 is the signal of the exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine according to one embodiment of the utility model Figure；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the low temperature heating device of the exhaust treatment system according to one embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the preheating structure of the low temperature heating device according to one embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the heat storage of the preheating structure according to one embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the nozzle carrier of the preheating part according to one embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the flow spoiler according to one embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 7 is illustrated according to the operation principle of the honeycomb ceramic filter filter of one embodiment of the utility model Figure；

Fig. 8 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the oxidation catalyst according to one embodiment of the utility model.

Embodiment

Embodiment of the present utility model is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.One of ordinary skill in the art can manage Solution, describes and illustrates just for the sake of illustrating principle of the present utility model below, and has no intention to protect of the present utility model Shield scope is limited to the various concrete modes enumerated.

Embodiment 1：A kind of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the exhaust treatment system according to one embodiment of the utility model.The vent gas treatment System is arranged on the tailpipe downstream of Diesel engine, therein to remove for handling the exhaust from blast pipe Nitrogen oxides and most particulate matters, such as more than 95% particulate matter.Penetrating fuel oil is used with most of at present To make DOC different with the conventional processing systems that DPF burns, combustion of igniting is used according to exhaust treatment system of the present utility model Oil-air mixture raises the temperature of diesel engine exhaust, so that realize DOC and DPF trouble-free burning and regeneration, even if When being provided with the Diesel engine of such exhaust treatment system in environmental condition than being also such under relatively severe condition.

With reference to Fig. 1, exhaust gas processing device 100 includes the exhaust entrance 102 being connected with the blast pipe of Diesel engine and row The heating device 103 of gas entrance connection, the igniter 101 being arranged in heating device 103, the flow spoiler being connected with heating device 101 104th, the oxidation catalyst 105 that is connected with flow spoiler 104, the particle trapper 106 being connected with oxidation catalyst 105 and The air exit 108 being connected with particle trapper 106.Certainly, in the exhaust gas processing device 100 shown in Fig. 1, it can not also make With flow spoiler 104 and oxidation catalyst 105.The use of the purpose of flow spoiler 104 is to promote being sufficiently mixed and heating up for exhaust, but It is that it is not essential.Increase oxidation catalyst 105, it is possible to use the catalyst wherein coated makes NO be oxidized to NO₂, and Part dissolved organic matter is removed, further the temperature of lifting exhaust.However, what DOC nor is it necessary that, in the heating of heating device In the case of working well, the temperature that delivery temperature can be made directly to be increased to needed for dpf regeneration, so as to will accumulate in DPF Carbon particle completely, thoroughly remove.

In one embodiment, the shell of these parts is all made up of steelwork, is preferably made up of stainless steel material. It the surface of these parts is kept light, reduce accumulation and the corrosiveness of dust.In another embodiment, this Connected between a little parts by flange.So, the installation, dismounting and replacing of these parts are conducive to.Certainly, these parts also may be used To be connected by other connected modes known to one of ordinary skill in the art, such as welding.

Exhaust entrance 102 is connected with the exhaust pipe mouth (not shown) of Diesel engine, for receiving exhaust.At one preferably Embodiment in, the cone shape of the diametrically gradual change of exhaust entrance 102, the i.e. diameter of its one end being connected with blast pipe is less than The diameter of the one end being connected with heating device 103, as shown in Figure 1.So, when exhaust enters heating device 103, pressure and stream Speed diminishes so that being vented the thermal current with wherein producing in heating device 103 has longer time of contact so that exhaust can More fully heated.Such arrangement also reduces the resistance of 103 pairs of exhausts of heating device.Retouched in detail below with reference to Fig. 2-5 State remaining part.

One important component of the exhaust treatment system is igniter 101.In an example, igniter 101 connects Receive and the burn fuel from oil inlet pipe and the fresh air from air inlet pipe.The fuel can be the combustion from engine Material, such as diesel oil.Or, the fuel can also be the liquid or gaseous fuel being provided separately, such as propane, ethanol.

Igniter 101 can be placed as having heat transfer relation with the exhaust from the exhaust pipe of engine.For example, point Fiery device 101 can be placed at least partly in heating device shell, for the exhaust flowed into heating device shell is added The hot efficiency that oxidation catalyst (DOC) downstream is arranged on to lifting and the particle trapper for allowing downstream further to set (DPF) relatively-high temperature of regeneration.Alternately, igniter 101 can be also used for pre- before the engine is started Hot driving system, to improve the efficiency of exhaust system in engine start, so as to reduce cold start emission.

In one embodiment, igniter 101 is fixed in the way of oblique cutting in the side wall of heating device 103, and it is pacified One end equipped with warming member is located at the hull outside of heating device 103, in order to change warming member.Meanwhile, it is such to install Mode reduces the resistance of 101 pairs of exhausts of igniter, advantageously reduces exhaust back pressure.

With reference to Fig. 2, igniter 101 can include the sleeve 201 of cylinder, and sleeve 201 is by outer sleeve and inner sleeve jacket casing It is folded to form；The oil inlet pipe 205 and air inlet pipe 206 being arranged in sleeve, oil inlet pipe 205 are used to introduce fuel oil, and air inlet pipe 206 is used for Introduce fresh air；Be arranged on the preheating part 202 on the first end of sleeve 201, preheating part 202 by pre- hot pin, heat storage and Nozzle carrier is constituted, and is connected with oil inlet pipe 205 and/or air inlet pipe 206；It is arranged on the ignition part 203 in sleeve lateral wall, ignition part 203 include ceramic ignition plug and the mounting seat for fixing ceramic ignition plug；With combustion chamber 204, combustion chamber 204 is by the inner sleeve Cylinder is constituted, and is connected with preheating part 202.

The sleeve 201 of cylinder is steel sleeve, is formed by outer sleeve and inner sleeve intussusception.Outer sleeve and inner sleeve it Between be formed with cavity, to produce heat-insulated effect.For example, the cavity can be vacuum, to reduce the heat transfer inside and outside cylinder, Further strengthen heat-blocking action.

Oil inlet pipe 205 is used to be introduced from outside into fuel oil, such as diesel oil, propane or alcohol in high concentration, in igniting dress Put middle burning and produce thermal current, to heat the exhaust from the exhaust pipe of engine.Oil inlet pipe 205 can be by plastic tube or steel pipe system Into.But, it is contemplated that the high temperature in blast pipe, preferably oil inlet pipe are made up of stainless steel tube, high temperature can be so resistant to, prevented simultaneously Only oil inlet pipe is corroded by exhaust.In addition, resistance in order to prevent to coat on the sulfur corrosion oil inlet pipe in exhaust, oil inlet pipe 205 Corrosion resistant coating.

The arrival end of oil inlet pipe 205 is arranged on the end cap of the first end of sleeve 201.It is eaily real as one Scheme is applied, the outlet of oil inlet pipe 205 can directly be connected with the nozzle carrier of preheating part 202, so that fuel oil is sent into heat storage In groove.

However, because diesel vehicle is frequently necessary in relatively harsh environment condition (such as low temperature day of China northeast Gas (or even to subzero 30 degree or so)) under work, cause the temperature of fuel oil too low and be difficult to light, so in a preferred reality Apply in scheme, oil inlet pipe 205 can be arranged to the first oil-feed tube portion, the second oil-feed tube portion and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion.The One oil-feed tube portion and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion are straight-tube portion, between outer sleeve and inner sleeve.Second oil-feed pipe portion It is divided into the form of swan-neck, is arranged on the inside of inner sleeve end or outside, on the path that flame sprays.So, work as a little After the fiery ignition of device 101, the thermal current sprayed can be heated to the second oil-feed tube portion of bending, so as to carry The temperature of high oil-feed, is conducive to further burning.

As further preferred scheme, before fuel oil enters igniter 101, a fuel oil can also be separately provided Preheater (such as electric heater), to be preheated to fuel oil so that fuel oil before igniter is ignited with regard to that can reach Compare high temperature, improve the stability of igniting.In such manner, it is possible to which ensure can be severe according to igniter of the present utility model It also can smoothly light, reliably light under the environmental condition at quarter.

As an advantage of the present utility model, igniter 101 is provided with preheating part 202, for fuel oil or combustion Oil-air mixture is preheated.Preheating part 202 is made up of pre- hot pin 306, heat storage 304 and nozzle carrier 301.Preheating part 202 On the end cap of the first end of cylindrical sleeve, close to the entrance of oil inlet pipe 205.Pre- hot pin 306 can be by nitridation silicon rod Body and ceramic pressing mold are formed, and exportable up to 1100 degree of high temperature ensures warm operation, and can be in 1300 degree of high-temperature conditions Lower normal work.Resistant to elevated temperatures tungsten filament is provided with silicon nitride barred body or molybdenum filament makees electric conductor.It is used as another alternative solution, ceramics Igniter plug is formed by boron nitride barred body and ceramic pressing mold, and resistant to elevated temperatures tungsten filament or molybdenum filament are provided with boron nitride barred body as conduction Body.The mounting seat of pre- hot pin 306 is made up of SUS310S materials, is resistant to more than 1200 degree of high temperature, the pre- hot pin 306 of real-time guard Performance, extend its service life.

As another advantage of the present utility model, the preheating part 202 of igniter 101 is provided with heat storage 304.Heat storage 304 can be steel component.In a specific embodiment, heat storage 304 is made up of SUS310S stainless steels.Heat storage 304 effect is to absorb the heat from pre- hot pin 306, and fuel oil is then passed in an uniform manner or Fuel Air is mixed Compound.In one embodiment, heat storage 304 is arranged to the form of cylindrical shape, is divided into the less channel part 401 of diameter and straight The larger fixed part 402 in footpath.The pre- hot junction of the pre- front end of hot pin 306 is engaged in the inner chamber of channel part 401, and is surrounded by it. The outside of channel part 401 is provided with spiral helicine groove 302, and the groove 302 constitutes the flowing of fuel oil or fuel-air mixture Passage.When fuel oil or fuel-air mixture flow through the passage, by the heat from heat storage 304, so as to improve Temperature.By setting heat storage 304, fuel oil or fuel-air mixture can by it is uniform, slowly lift temperature, without Occur by the situation of direct strong heating, while avoiding the risk burnt in flow channel.

As a preferred scheme, the cross section of groove 302 sets in a rectangular shape.As an alternative, groove 302 Cross section can be arranged to other geometries, such as square, semicircle, U-shape.In a preferred embodiment, The depth of groove 302 is less than the thickness of the side wall of the channel part 401 of heat storage 304.This way it is ensured that fuel oil is all the time by heat storage Flowed in the passage that groove 302 in 304 is formed, without being contacted with pre- hot pin 306, so prevent fuel oil from leaking into heat storage 304 inner chamber and be preheated the direct high temperature preheating of rod 306, produce fuel vapor.

The outside of channel part 401 of heat storage 304 is provided with nozzle carrier 301.Nozzle carrier 301 is arranged to that overall diameter is larger to be consolidated Determine portion 502 and the less auxiliary section 501 of overall diameter.The in-profile of auxiliary section 501 is cylindrical shape, and front end forms cone Shape, the outer surface of the channel part 401 of its inner surface and heat storage 304 mutually coincide, thus with the outside of channel part 401 Groove 302 cooperatively forms the flow passage for fuel flowing jointly.The center of nozzle carrier 301 is provided with for spraying fuel oil Jet hole so that fuel oil is atomized into fuel spray after ejection.Formed between cone inwall inside nozzle carrier 301 Angle is such as 90 degree to 150 degree, for example, 100 degree, 110 degree, 120 degree, 130 degree or 140 degree.The angle and heat storage 304 The angle of the nose circle cone portion of channel part 401 is consistent.In an example, jet hole is circular port, and its aperture is Φ 1.2- 2.0mm, spray angle is 30-60 degree, for example, 35 degree, 40 degree, 45 degree, preferably 50 degree, 55 degree, 45 degree.

In addition, multiple air through hole are equidistantly provided with the side wall of the close fixed part 502 of auxiliary section 501, the air inlet Through hole connects inner sleeve with spiral groove 302, for the air inlet feeding from air inlet pipe to be formed by spiral groove 302 Path in, so as to be mutually mixed with fuel oil.Jet hole mist of the fuel-air mixture of blended acquisition through nozzle carrier 301 Change and spray.

One important component of igniter 101 is ignition part 203, the fuel oil sprayed for igniting through jet hole atomization- Air mixture.Ignition part 203 can be the electricity commonly used in electric plug commonly used in the art, such as gasoline engine ignition system Spark plug.However, preferably, ignition part 203 uses ceramic ignition plug.Ceramic ignition plug is by silicon nitride ignition electrode or nitrogen Change boron ignition electrode (being wherein built-in with Electrothermic wire) and ceramic pressing mold is formed.Electrothermic wire is preferably tungsten filament, or preferably molybdenum Silk.The high temperature that exportable 1100 degree of ceramic ignition plug ensures work of igniting, and can under 1300 degree of high-temperature conditions normal work Make.The mounting seat of ceramic ignition plug is made by SUS310S materials, be resistant to 1200 degree of high temperature, and real-time guard ceramic ignition plug makes With performance, extend its service life.

Igniter 101 is additionally provided with combustion chamber 204, and it is made up of the inner sleeve of cylindrical sleeve, is steelwork.Ceramic point Fire plug is stretched into combustion chamber 204, and high temperature is produced when receiving electrical instruction, lights the Fuel Air mixing from jet hole Thing.The thermal current produced by burning sprays from combustion chamber 204, heating exhaust and the second air inlet tube portion.

As a preferred scheme, horn-shaped duct is additionally provided with combustion chamber 204.Horn-shaped duct and nozzle carrier 301 connections, including columnar conduit and several conduit bars by the columnar conduit stretching.The end of these conduit bars Expand outwardly, formed horn-like.Such horn-shaped duct can protect ceramic ignition plug not blow cold by fresh air or blow out. Meanwhile, horn-shaped duct can also guide the flowing of fresh air, make its homogeneous perturbation, realize fully combustion-supporting effect.At one In example, horn-shaped duct is made up of the stainless steelwork of cylindrical shape, and its fore-end is uniformly cut, so as to form conduit bar. It is further preferred that being further opened with circular or oval air inlet in circular pipe part.

The conduit that air inlet pipe 206 can be made for stainless steel, for introducing new air into combustion chamber 204 to promote to fire Burn, mixed while part fresh air is introduced into the passage formed by spiral groove 302 with fuel oil.In an example, The outlet of air inlet pipe 206 is arranged in the end cap of cylindrical sleeve first end, is connected with inner sleeve, so that fresh air is direct Send into combustion chamber 204.

As another preferred embodiment, in order to be preheated to air, air inlet pipe 206 designs as follows：Air inlet pipe 206 is set The first air inlet tube portion, the second air inlet tube portion and the 3rd air inlet tube portion are set to, wherein the first air inlet tube portion and the 3rd enters Duct portion is straight tube, is each passed through outer sleeve and the direct space of inner sleeve, and the second air inlet tube portion is bent pipe fashion, if Put on the inside or outside of interior barrel end, on the path that flame sprays.Such air inlet pipe 206, which is designed, causes gas in stream Thermal current preheating through that can be produced during the second air inlet tube portion by flame, so as to improve its intake air temperature, be conducive to lighting and Stable burning.Preferably, the second air inlet tube portion can be U-bend, semicircle bend pipe, snake bend, spiral shape The form of bend pipe or manifold with branch road, can so increase the contact area of air inlet pipe 206 and thermal current, so as to extend air inlet The heated time.It is such that setting is for igniter 101 and the exhaust gas purification system including this igniter 101 is in temperature The application of the harsher area of degree such as the Northeast of China is highly beneficial.If such setting is not used, from air inlet pipe 206 fresh air temperature is too low, can cause loss of ignition, and then produce secondary pollution.

As it was previously stated, the igniter 101 in embodiment 1 can be stablized under harsh environment condition such as low temperature environment Combustion, stable burning, therefore, the low temperature heating device can also stablize in such a situa-tion ignition, stably burn and make it is next spontaneous The exhaust of motivation blast pipe is stable, equably heat up, and reaches the temperature conditionss needed for the exhaust gas treating device subsequently set.

In an alternative solution, in order that exhaust is uniformly mixed with the thermal current produced by igniter 101 is burnt, Equidistantly it is provided with the second sidewall relative with the heating device housing the first side wall for being fixed with igniter 101 several semicircular Tilt catch.These catch are made up of steel stamping, semicircular in shape, and its semicircle side is fixed on second by modes such as welding On the wall of side.These catch are obliquely installed, its one side mutually met with the exhaust from the exhaust pipe of engine and second side Wall formation angle be 90 to 170 degree, for example, 95 degree, 100 degree, 105 degree, 110 degree, 115 degree, 120 degree, 125 degree, 130 degree, 135 degree, 140 degree, 145 degree, 150 degree, 155 degree, 160 degree, 165 degree or 170 degree, preferably 120 degree or 125 degree.By these The catch being obliquely installed, can lead to portion discharge the joint portion of igniter 101 and outer sleeve, then along the first side wall stream Go out, so that exhaust is substantially more contacted with thermal current, realize the purpose uniformly heated.

In a preferred embodiment, flow spoiler 104 is additionally provided with the downstream of the low temperature heating device 103, such as Figure 1 illustrates.One exemplary of flow spoiler 104 is shown in Figure 6.Preferably, the flow spoiler 104 includes Housing 601, the flange 602 for being arranged on the two ends of housing 601 and the multiple equal pressing plates 603 being arranged on inside housing 601 and multiple Mixed plate, the circumferential inner wall of the equal pressing plate 603 and the mixed plate along housing 601 is equably set；The equal pressing plate 603 Axis direction with the mixed plate 604 and housing 601 is angularly disposed into 60 °~80 °, with the inwall of housing 601 into 60 °~ 80 ° of airflow directions along mixed gas are set.In one embodiment, housing 601 is made up of Stainless Steel Shell, equal pressing plate 603 and mixed plate 604 be also made up of stainless steel pressed sheet.Equal pressing plate 603 and mixed plate 604 pass through the common of this areas such as welding Mode known to technical staff is fixed on the inwall of Stainless Steel Shell 601, its axis direction and housing 601 with housing 601 Inwall into 60 ° of angles.The purpose for setting flow spoiler 104 is to fill the thermal current through burning generation and the exhaust from blast pipe Divide mixing, so as to realize the uniform heating of exhaust and DPF balanced regeneration.It reduce because of DPF caused by heating inequality Rupture.

One of core component as exhaust treatment system, particle trapper is that DPF can be using commonly used in the art at present Honeycomb ceramic filter filter, the honeycomb ceramic filter being for example made up of cordierite, carborundum or recrystallized silicon carbide Filter.The advantage of wall-flow honeycomb filter particulate matter most in it can remove exhaust, such as more than 95% Particulate matter, so that its discharge reaches current highest discharged particle requirement.The work of honeycomb ceramic filter filter Principle figure 7 illustrates.With reference to Fig. 7, particulate matter is trapped within through in the alternately amplifier case of plug-hole, certain being accumulate to By being flared off after amount, so as to realize the regeneration of filter.

In one embodiment, the honeycomb ceramic filter mistake being made up of recrystallized silicon carbide is especially preferably used Filter, such as " Yellow Emperor, a legendary ruler " board recrystallized silicon carbide ceramic honey comb wall flow particulate filters (DPF).The filtering is blocked using interaction Honeycomb channel between porous partition capture the particulate in diesel exhaust, it is micro- with extremely strong capture soot superfine nano The ability of grain.Meanwhile, the filter area of the filter is big, and pressure drop is relatively low, compact conformation, with excellent high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant Performance and heat conductivility, mechanical strength are big, and thermal shock resistance is strong, and service life is long.

The major parameter of the filter is shown in table 1 below：

Table 1：The major parameter of the honeycomb ceramic filter filter prepared by recrystallized silicon carbide：

Technical characteristic	Unit
			SiC content	%	>99
Beehive lattice quantity per square inch	cpsi	200~300
			The beehive lattice length of side	mm	1.20~1.45
Honeycomb wall thickness	mm	0.30~0.35
			Porosity	%	42~60
Median pore size	μm	9~20
			Compression strength	MPa	>13~18
Coefficient of thermal expansion (40~800 DEG C)	10-6	4.30~4.40
			Thermal conductivity (at 500 DEG C)	W/mK	>14
Capture rate	%	>98~99
			Honeycomb ceramics bulk density	Kg/L	~0.80
Filter area	m2/L	~0.75
			Permeability	m2	5.0 × 10-12 of ＜
Thermal shock resistance parameters (Δ T)	℃	250

The filter is examined through Tianjin Suo Ke automobile tests Co., Ltd according to the VERT test specifications of international endorsement Test, drooping characteristic meets the requirements, the average value of particulate gravimetric analysis filter efficiency reaches 96.50%, and obtains Chinese environmental guarantor Protect product certification agency qualification.

Preferably, it is additionally provided with oxidized form between low temperature heating device 103 (or flow spoiler 104) and particle trapper 106 Catalyst converter 105, i.e., DOC well known in the art.The purpose for setting DOC is for removing hydrocarbon and part in exhaust Particulate matter.For example, DOC can be those DOC usually used in current Diesel engine.

The oxidation catalyst that diesel engine for automobile is used is using noble metals such as platinum (Pt), palladiums (Pd) as catalyst, main drop The content of soluble organic fraction (SOF) in low Particulate Emission is so as to reduce PM discharge.It can effectively reduce exhaust simultaneously In HC, CO.Oxidation catalyzer can remove 90% SOF, so that PM discharges reduce 40%~50%.It is to HC's and CO Treatment effeciency can respectively reach 88%, 68%.Catalytic oxidation technologies have good to the SOF in removing diesel particle Effect, i.e., set up catalytic converter in diesel engine exhaust system, SOF is urged in the noble metal catalysts such as platinum, rhodium and palladium or rare earth Oxidation reaction occurs in the presence of agent etc. and is converted into CO₂And H₂O and remove, its usual removal efficiency is up to 80%.May be used also simultaneously The harmful substances such as HC and CO in removing tail gas.

DOC transforming principle figure 7 illustrates.For example, containing CO, HC, SOF, PAH etc. in the exhaust of Diesel engine Material, after being converted through DOC oxidations, the obtained main CO of product₂And H₂O, so that exhaust is Partial cleansing.

Embodiment 2：A kind of renovation process of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine

It is used to make the exhaust treatment system being arranged on diesel engine exhaust road again there is provided a kind of in this embodiment Raw method.The exhaust treatment system can be the exhaust treatment system described in embodiment 1.Certainly, the vent gas treatment system System can also be that obtained exhaust treatment system is improved to the exhaust treatment system described in embodiment 1.

In one embodiment, renovation process comprises the following steps：1) pressure at real-time monitoring particulate trap two ends Difference, reproducer is started when the value of the pressure differential reaches default regeneration threshold value；2) pre- hot pin is opened to be preheated, when up to During to predetermined preheating time, fresh air is inputted to air inlet pipe, fuel oil is inputted to oil inlet pipe, while adding to ceramic ignition plug Electricity, the Fuel Air spraying formed by fresh air and fuel oil of igniting, is heated to exhaust；3) monitoring particulate trapping in real time The delivery temperature of device porch, with the Schema control distributive value of fuzzy prediction, when temperature is not up to default particle trapper again During raw temperature, distributive value is improved；And 4) when the pressure differential for monitoring particle trapper two ends falls back to default regeneration ending During threshold value, stop preheating, stop input fresh air and fuel oil, then power off ceramic ignition plug.With it, can make The carbon particle accumulated in DPF is removed completely by burning, so as to realize DPF uniform regeneration, is recycled and reused for going for particulate matter Remove.

For the ease of the pressure and temperature at measurement DPF two ends, temperature sensor is respectively provided with DPF front-end and back-end Such as thermocouple and pressure sensor, for example figure 1 illustrates temperature sensor 110 and pressure sensor 107.Through temperature sensor Control unit (the example that the temperature value of 110 measurements and the pressure value measured through pressure sensor 107 are respectively transmitted to be separately provided Such as ECU) in, the foundation being controlled as control unit.

Above-mentioned embodiment is used for illustrating the utility model, preferred embodiment only of the present utility model, Rather than the utility model is limited.It is new to this practicality in spirit of the present utility model and scope of the claims Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements that type is made etc. are both fallen within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (23)

1. a kind of exhaust treatment system for Diesel engine, it is characterised in that the exhaust treatment system includes：

Low temperature heating device, the low temperature heating device is arranged on the tailpipe downstream of Diesel engine, including：

Columnar heating device housing, the exhaust pipe mouth connection of the heating device housing and Diesel engine；With

Igniter, the igniter is in vertical manner or the mode of oblique cutting is fixed on the side wall of the heating device housing On so that a part for the igniter is located in the heating device housing；And

Particle trapper, the particle trapper is wall-flow honeycomb formula ceramic filter, and engine exhaust is come from for trapping Particulate matter.

2. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the igniter includes：

The sleeve of cylinder, the sleeve is formed by outer sleeve and inner sleeve intussusception；

The oil inlet pipe and air inlet pipe being arranged in the sleeve, the oil inlet pipe are used to introduce fuel oil, and the air inlet pipe is used to draw Enter fresh air；

The preheating part on the first end of the sleeve is arranged on, the preheating part is made up of pre- hot pin, heat storage and nozzle carrier, Connected with the oil inlet pipe and/or air inlet pipe；

The ignition part in the sleeve lateral wall is arranged on, the ignition part includes ceramic ignition plug and for fixing the ceramic point The mounting seat of fire plug；With

Combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is made up of the inner sleeve, is connected with the preheating part.

3. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the pre- hot pin and the ceramic ignition plug by Boron nitride barred body or silicon nitride barred body and heating wire are constituted, and the heating wire is built in the boron nitride barred body or silicon nitride barred body Interior, the heating wire is tungsten filament.

4. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat storage is cylindrical shape, its leading section Spiral groove is provided with the lateral wall divided, the depth of the groove is less than the sidewall thickness of the fore-end, described The shape of cross section of groove is rectangle, square, semicircle or U-shape.

5. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the nozzle carrier includes the fixation being relatively large in diameter Portion and diameter is less, auxiliary section that is being engaged with the fore-end of the heat storage unit, wherein in the centre bit of the fixed part The place of putting is provided with the jet hole for spraying fuel oil and/or fuel-air mixture.

6. exhaust treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the air inlet pipe is connected with the inner sleeve, It is equidistant wherein in the side wall of the auxiliary section of the nozzle carrier to be provided with air through hole, the air through hole by the inner sleeve with The groove connection.

7. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with the combustion chamber tubaeform Conduit, the horn-shaped duct is connected with the nozzle carrier, including cylindrical duct and the expansion stretched out by the cylindrical duct Open into horn-like several conduit bars.

8. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the oil inlet pipe is arranged to the first oil-feed pipe portion Point, the second oil-feed tube portion and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion, the first oil-feed tube portion and the 3rd oil-feed tube portion along The length direction of the sleeve is arranged in the sleeve, the second oil-feed tube portion be arranged on the sleeve inside or Be arranged on the outside of the sleeve, on the path that flame sprays, wherein the second oil-feed tube portion be arranged to U-bend, Semicircle bend pipe, snake bend, the form of toroidal bend or the manifold with branch road.

9. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the igniter is fixed in the way of oblique cutting On the first side wall of the heating device housing, the center line of the center line of the igniter and the heating device housing is formed Angle be 15-75 degree.

10. exhaust treatment system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the center line of the igniter with it is described The angle of the center line formation of heating device housing is 15 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree or 75 degree.

11. exhaust treatment system according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the center line of the igniter with it is described The angle of the center line formation of heating device housing is 45 degree.

12. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that with being fixed with the of the igniter Several semicircular inclination catch are equidistantly provided with the relative second sidewall of side wall, the semicircle side of the catch is fixed on In the second sidewall, the angle that its one side mutually met with the exhaust from the exhaust pipe of engine is formed with the second sidewall is 90 to 170 degree.

13. exhaust treatment system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the catch is with coming from the exhaust pipe of engine The angle that is formed with the second sidewall of the one side mutually met of exhaust be 95 degree, 100 degree, 105 degree, 110 degree, 115 degree, 120 degree, 125 degree, 130 degree, 135 degree, 140 degree, 145 degree, 150 degree, 155 degree, 160 degree, 165 degree or 170 degree.

14. exhaust treatment system according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the catch is with coming from the exhaust pipe of engine The angle that is formed with the second sidewall of the one side mutually met of exhaust be 120 degree or 125 degree.

15. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also set in the downstream of the low temperature heating device Flow spoiler is equipped with, the flow spoiler includes housing, is arranged on the flange at housing two ends and is arranged on the multiple equal of enclosure interior Pressing plate and multiple mixed plates, the circumferential inner wall of the equal pressing plate and the mixed plate along housing are equably set；It is described to press The axis direction of plate and the mixed plate and housing is angularly disposed into 60 °~80 °, with the inwall of housing into 60 °~80 ° along mixed The airflow direction for closing gas is set.

16. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heating device housing and the blast pipe The connecting portion of mouth connection is in the cone shape of interior diameter gradual change so that the interior diameter of the straight-tube portion of the heating device housing is more than The interior diameter of the exhaust pipe mouth.

17. exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that at the entrance front end of the oil inlet pipe also Oil preheater is provided with, to be preheated to fuel oil.

18. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the low temperature heating device and the particulate Oxidation catalyst is additionally provided between trap, for removing hydrocarbon and partial particulate thing in exhaust.

19. exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the honeycomb ceramic filter filter by Cordierite, carborundum or recrystallized silicon carbide are made.

20. exhaust treatment system according to claim 18, wherein being provided with taper before the oxidation catalyst Lid is mixed, for scattered and uniform heated exhaust, it is uniformly heated the oxidation catalyst.

21. exhaust treatment system according to claim 20, wherein the center line for mixing conical lid and DOC center lines Overlap, the drift angle of its conical cavity is 100 to 160 degree.

22. exhaust treatment system according to claim 21, wherein the center line for mixing conical lid and DOC center lines Overlap, the drift angle of its conical cavity is 110 degree, 120 degree, 130 degree, 140 degree, 145 degree or 150 degree.

23. exhaust treatment system according to claim 22, wherein the center line for mixing conical lid and DOC center lines Overlap, the drift angle of its conical cavity is 140 degree.