CN206496958U - Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of material - Google Patents

Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206496958U
CN206496958U CN201720072122.0U CN201720072122U CN206496958U CN 206496958 U CN206496958 U CN 206496958U CN 201720072122 U CN201720072122 U CN 201720072122U CN 206496958 U CN206496958 U CN 206496958U
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temperature
low temperature
strain
mechanical property
environmental
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渠成兵
肖红梅
郭嘉
刘玉
李飞
赵阳
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of materials, which comprises a low-temperature environment box with a visual window, a refrigeration and temperature control system, a defrosting device and a high-speed strain recording system; the low-temperature environment box is a cuboid heat-preservation box body with a transparent observation window on the front surface; the refrigeration and temperature control system comprises a liquid nitrogen tank, a liquid conveying pipe, a low-temperature electromagnetic valve, a liquid nitrogen atomizer, a guide plate and a temperature control assembly; the temperature control assembly comprises a thermometer, a temperature controller, a heater, a fan and an exhaust device; the defrosting device consists of a frosting prevention air ring and an air compressor; the high-speed strain recording system comprises high-speed strain measurement and image acquisition equipment. The utility model discloses can realize static mechanical properties stress and visual strain and image real-time recording test in 300-80K warm area, have installation and test convenience, accuse temperature accuracy, sample atress change and strain and the function of atress deformation image real-time collection.

Description

For material at low temperature static mechanical property, continuously strain records test system with image
Technical field
The utility model belongs to material at low temperature Mechanics Performance Testing field, and in particular to one kind is used for material static low temperature power Learn performance and continuously visualize strain and image record test system, more particularly to 300-80K material statics mechanical property is visualized Strain records test system with image.
Background technology
With material (including metal material, nonmetallic materials, composite etc.) at low ambient temperatures (room temperature -4K) should With more and more extensively, related research and design are particularly real-time to material mechanical property at low ambient temperatures, destruction The strain of destruction and image information demand are very urgent.Before material puts into actual low temperature environment application, people must be carried out largely Cryomechanics experiment, to obtain material mechanical property at low temperature and destruction, be the design of product, processing and apply Necessary data are provided to support.Traditionally can only be after test terminates by the result to being obtained for the destructive process of material Analyzed, simulated, reducing material change behavior of in loading process itself.It is engaged in the worker of low temperature area research always The stress situation of change of material under low temperature is intended to as room temperature experiment, can Real Time Observation and each moment stress of recording materials Cause the profile variation of material and the destruction situation of moment.In the cryomechanics test process of material, if can Real Time Observation examination Strain variation and image, fracture behaviour during sample stress etc., have very big to the mechanical behavior of further research material at low temperature Help.Such as Mechanics Performance Testing of the macromolecule membrane in low temperature environment, due to thin-film material size itself and pliability Etc. reason, cause the image information change for going for the load-deformation curve and whole test process of film at low ambient temperatures Obtain very difficult.Direct contact type measures strain of the film in low temperature environment and is not easily accomplished, and this is accomplished by a kind of contactless The experimental rig of thin-film material stress deformation in low temperature environment can be accurately measured while formula again.
Though having been reported that at present in the case where experiment cavity keeps vacuum, refrigeration source indirect refrigeration sample, Ke Yishi are utilized Existing window observation.But such a mode is limited by the influence of the factors such as refrigerant, cooling time and thermograde, it is difficult to realize Different kinds material, Different hypothermia mechanical test form, the cryogenic mechanics performance of various sample size particularly large dimension specimen Test.Traditional cryomechanics experimental rig is difficult to realize the image information of Real Time Observation material stress deformation, chief reason It is cryogenic mechanics performance (including stretching, compression, bending, interlayer shear etc.) the test needs of traditionally material relatively closed Low temperature environment in or be immersed in corresponding cryogenic refrigeration medium to realize, once the closed low temperature environment of destruction, substantial amounts of Vapor or the relatively low gas of boiling point can be liquefied as small liquid mist, fill in whole space, lead to not with the naked eye or picture pick-up device To observe, record.The sample in refrigerant is immersed in, substantial amounts of small liquid mist, causes nothing in the refraction and liquid level due to light Method is directly observed.Therefore developing under a kind of low temperature environment (300-80K) can real-time recording materials stress and strain and image information Mechanical property testing system, it appears it is particularly important.
Utility model content
One purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of for 300-80K material static mechanical properties visualization figures As record test system, the system while Mechanics Performance Testing in realizing material at low temperature environment, and can in real time with strain and The whole process of the form recording materials stress change of image.The test system have wide in range test warm area (300-80K) and Temperature control is accurate;The record of strain and image change is synchronous with stress collection during sample stress;Suitable for various standards or non-standard The mechanical properties visual image record test of sample, different static mechanical test-types at low ambient temperatures;Install and Convenient test.
What the utility model was provided records survey for 300-80K material statics mechanical properties visualization strain and image Test system, including environmental chamber at low temperature, refrigeration and a temperature-controlling system with visualization window, defroster and high speed strain are recorded System, it is characterised in that:
The environmental chamber at low temperature is a thermal environment case, and the preceding surface of the environmental chamber at low temperature is provided with transparent sight Survey the door of window;The upper side of the environmental cabinet and downside respectively carry a sealing thermal insulation plate;The upper side of the environmental chamber at low temperature Respectively there is a load axle with the center of downside;The load axle is by the perforation on sealing thermal insulation plate, through entering ring Inside the case of border;
The refrigeration and temperature-controlling system include refrigerating plant and temperature regulating device;
The refrigerating plant includes liquid nitrogen atomizer and deflector;The deflector is located at latter half of liquid in environmental chamber at low temperature Before nitrogen atomizer;
The temperature regulating device includes thermometer, blower fan, heater and exhaust apparatus;The thermometer is located at environmental chamber at low temperature Internal material Mechanics Performance Testing region;The host machine part of the blower fan is located on the rear surface outside environmental chamber at low temperature, wind The trailing flank of the flabellum of machine through environmental cabinet is located at the inside of environmental cabinet;The flabellum be located at liquid nitrogen atomizer and deflector it Between;The fan power line and signal wire are connected with temperature controller;One end of the exhaust apparatus is in the outside of environmental cabinet, The other end is located on the deflector inside environmental chamber at low temperature;
The high speed strain record system includes a high speed strain and image capture device;
The load axle being in outside environmental cabinet is connected with the crossbeam and pedestal of material static mechanics machine respectively, institute State the different types of test fixture that is loaded inside environmental cabinet on the termination of load axle.
It is preferred that, the refrigerating plant also includes liquid nitrogen container and liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe, is provided with the liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe low Warm magnetic valve.
It is preferred that, the refrigerating plant also includes heater, and the heater is located at deflector and liquid inside environmental cabinet Between nitrogen atomising device.
Preferred as one of above-mentioned technical proposal, the observation window is made up of transparent medium, and the transparent medium is resistance to Cryogenic material, the edge of the observation window is provided with electro-heat equipment;The top of the medial surface observation window of the door is with an illumination Power supply.The electro-heat equipment is the object that this area can flexibly be selected as needed, as it can be spontaneous heating device.
Preferred as one of above-mentioned technical proposal, the temperature regulating device also includes temperature controller, the temperature control Device includes temperature indicating device, heating power supply and electric signal feedback module, the blower fan and the heater and temperature control Device is connected.
Preferred as one of above-mentioned technical proposal, the defroster includes air compressor machine and antifrost compression ring;It is described anti- Frosting compression ring is arranged at the edge and the load axle and environmental chamber at low temperature upper side, downside connection of the observation window, And it is provided with stomata on the inside of antifrost compression ring;The air compressor machine is connected by appendix with antifrost compression ring respectively.Logical When entering gases at high pressure, the antifrost compression ring can form an air film in the outer surface of observation window.The antifrost compression ring Inner side sets a number of stomata, and air-flow can pass through the aperture and cover the whole surface of observation window, and combine air film Contact of the transparent sight hole with vapor is prevented, observation window frosting is prevented.It is used as the basic skills of those skilled in the art, stomata Quantity and aperture be the object that can be adjusted according to operating temperature and gas velocity.
Preferred as one of above-mentioned technical proposal, the shell inside the environmental chamber at low temperature with outside is low temperature resistant Stainless steel.
Preferred as one of above-mentioned technical proposal, the environmental chamber at low temperature temperature is 300-80K, i.e., described refrigeration and control Warm system provides 300-80K environmental chamber at low temperature temperature.
As the further preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the refrigeration and temperature-controlling system offer 150-80K low temperature environment Case temperature.
As the further preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the refrigeration and temperature-controlling system offer 200-100K low temperature environment Case temperature.
As the further preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the refrigeration and temperature-controlling system offer 300-150K low temperature environment Case temperature.
The utility model is applied to wide warm area (300-80K) material different type static mechanical property stress should with visualization Change and the test of image, it is possible to achieve the synchronous acquisition of stress and strain suffered by material and material stress deformation image, it is adaptable to The low temperature static mechanical property visual testing experiment of standard or non-standard sample;And the light under low temperature inside environmental cabinet is bright Bright, visual field is clear, without frost;Equipment is easy for installation, and the temperature control of environmental cabinet, insulation are simple to operate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model is used for 300-80K material statics mechanical properties visualization strain and image is recorded and surveyed The structural representation of test system.
Embodiment
One embodiment of the present utility model is the following is, it is used only as illustrating rather than limitation to of the present utility model.
The 300-80K material statics mechanical properties visualization strain that is used for shown in Figure 1 is tested with image record System, it includes environmental chamber at low temperature, refrigeration and a temperature-controlling system with visualization window, defroster and high speed strain and recorded System;
The visualization environmental chamber at low temperature is the environmental cabinet 1 that a cuboid-type has heat insulation function, and its preceding surface 101 is ring With an observation window 12 for installing low temperature resistant transparent material on the door 11 of the external UNICOM of border casing, the door 11, observation window 12 Edge carries antifrost compression ring 13;The antifrost compression ring 13 is a nonmetallic ring with some exhaust holes;The door 11 The observation window 12 of medial surface 102 top carry a mains lighting supply 21;The upper side 103 of the environmental cabinet 1, downside 104 Respectively with a pluggable sealing thermal insulation plate 14 dismantled and carry perforation;Environmental cabinet upper side 103, the centre bit of downside 104 Putting respectively has a load axle 15;The load axle 15 is by the perforation on sealing thermal insulation plate 14, through entering inside environmental cabinet 1; The load axle 15 is respectively cased with antifrost compression ring 13 with the upper side 103 of environmental cabinet 1, the connection of downside 104;
It includes refrigerating plant and temperature regulating device to the refrigeration with temperature-controlling system;The refrigerating plant includes liquid nitrogen container 2, liquid Nitrogen woven hose 3, low-temperature solenoid valve 4, liquid nitrogen atomizer 5 and deflector 6;One end of the liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe 3 connects with liquid nitrogen container 2 Connect;The low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is located at the outside of the trailing flank 105 of environmental cabinet 1;Low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is by liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe 3 with being located at Liquid nitrogen atomizer 5 inside environmental cabinet 1 is connected;The other end of low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is connected with outside liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe 3;Institute The electric signal for stating low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is connected with temperature controller 8, and the temperature that low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is fed back by temperature controller 8 is believed Number control enters the flow of liquid nitrogen in environmental cabinet 1;The deflector 6 is located in environmental cabinet 1 before latter half of liquid nitrogen atomizer 5 Face;The temperature regulating device its be made up of thermometer 7, temperature controller 8, blower fan 9, heater 10, exhaust apparatus 16;The temperature Meter 7 is located at the internal material Mechanics Performance Testing region of environmental cabinet 1;The temperature controller 8 is by displays temperature, heating power supply, electricity Signal feedback module is constituted;The host machine part of the blower fan 9 is located on the rear surface outside environmental cabinet 1, and the flabellum 91 of blower fan 9 is worn The trailing flank 105 for crossing environmental cabinet 1 is located at the inside of environmental cabinet 1;The flabellum 91 is located between liquid nitrogen atomizer 5 and deflector 6; The power line of blower fan 9 and signal wire are connected with temperature controller 8;The heater 10 is fixed on the left and right side of environmental cabinet 1 On, and be located between the deflector 6 inside environmental cabinet 1 and liquid nitrogen atomising device 5;The power line and signal wire of the heater 10 It is connected with temperature controller 8;The exhaust apparatus 16 is a hollow stainless steel tube, the end of its minute-pressure check valve 17 of band one In the outside of environmental cabinet 1, the horn-type opening of another termination is located on the deflector 6 inside environmental cabinet 1;
The defroster it include air compressor machine 18 and antifrost compression ring 13;The air compressor machine respectively by appendix 22 with Antifrost compression ring 13 on the antifrost compression ring 13 at the edge of observation window 12 and upper and lower load axle 15 is connected;
The high speed strain record system includes a high speed strain and image capture device 19 and computer 20.
The load axle 15 being in outside environmental cabinet 1 connects with the crossbeam and pedestal of material static mechanics machine respectively Connect, be loaded different types of test fixture on the termination of the inside load axle 15 of environmental cabinet 1, it is possible to achieve material is in 300-80K Low temperature static mechanical test in warm area;The camera lens of the high speed strain and image capture device 19 keeps one with observation window 12 Set a distance;The strain of high speed strain and image capture device 19 and IMAQ are synchronous with the collection of cryomechanics stress, synchronous The real-time strain of the stressing conditions and material of recording materials and the image of deformation.
Before experiment, cuboid-type environmental chamber at low temperature 1 of the present utility model is placed on testing machine, the load axle of testing machine 15, which are each passed through the upper and lower sealing thermal insulation plate 14 of environmental chamber at low temperature 1, perforates and connects the fixture needed for experiment, is loaded on fixture Good sample, closes the door 11 of environmental chamber at low temperature 1;Thermometer 7 is connected with temperature controller 8;Heater 10, low-temperature solenoid valve 4, wind The power supply and signal wire of machine 9 are connected with outside temperature controller 8 respectively;Liquid nitrogen transfusion pipe 3 is connected with liquid nitrogen container 2;Illumination Light source 21 is connected with power supply;High speed strain and image capture device 19 are connected with the computer 20 of storage record image;High speed strain And observation window 12 of the camera lens of image capture device 19 on environment chamber door 11.
Before experiment cooling, the air first gone out with nitrogen displacement in environmental chamber at low temperature 1;Air compressor machine 18 is opened, passes through antifrost Compression ring 13, one layer of air film is formed in 12 mouthfuls of outer surface of transparent sight hole, and observation window edge is provided with spontaneous thermal, prevents frosting Influence observation;Antifrost compression ring 13 on load axle 15 forms gas in the outside intersection of load axle 15 and sealing thermal insulation plate 14 Film;Testing temperature is treated by the setting sample of temperature controller 8, liquid nitrogen is passed through woven hose 3 with the liquid nitrogen container 2 from function of increasing pressure Flow through in the liquid nitrogen atomizer 5 that low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is input in environmental chamber at low temperature 1;Liquid nitrogen with certain pressure passes through liquid nitrogen Atomizer 5 is atomized into liquid nitrogen droplet;The liquid nitrogen droplet of atomization is rotated through the flabellum 91 on motor 9 and is blasted into aperture On deflector 6, and cooling test zone and test device in environmental chamber at low temperature 1 are entered by aperture;After cooling heat absorption vaporization Nitrogen pass through discharge duct 16 discharge environmental cabinet 1;7 temperature signals measured in environmental cabinet 1 of thermometer feed back to temperature Controller 8, temperature controller 8 determines the opening and closing that low-temperature solenoid valve 4 is switched according to the temperature signal in incubator 1, Control enters the flow of liquid nitrogen in environmental cabinet 1;Cooling is close to when testing temperature, and heater 10 is heated, temperature controller 8 Heating power, the opening and closing for controlling low-temperature solenoid valve 4, the control wind of the temperature signal control heater 10 fed back according to thermometer 7 The opening and closing of machine 9, maintains refrigeration and the dynamic equilibrium of heating in environmental cabinet 1, and the thermograde reduced in environmental cabinet 1 is poor, realizes ring The temperature in experimental test region keeps stable until the completion of experiment for a long time in border case 1.
During experiment, the test software and environment of test software, high speed strain and the image capture device 19 of testing machine are opened Mains lighting supply 21 in case 1, keeps synchronous automatic record, the collection of mechanics test data and strain and image information, up to trying Sample is destroyed completely.The outer surface of transparent sight hole mouthful 12 is because there is the barrier of room temperature under nitrogen air film, while there is the function of spontaneous heating, Avoid liquefaction of the vapor on the low temperature resistant transparent medium of observation window 12 in air, it is ensured that high speed strain and image are adopted The visual field for collecting the camera lens of equipment 19 is clear.
By the test fixture fixture for transferring different on testing machine load axle 15, above-mentioned process of the test is repeated, is completed The strain of the difference static mechanical test-types sample such as metal, nonmetallic, composite and sample stress deformation image it is visual Change cryomechanics experiment.

Claims (8)

1. one kind is for material at low temperature static mechanical property, continuously strain records test system with image, including one carries visualization Environmental chamber at low temperature, refrigeration and the temperature-controlling system of window, defroster and high speed strain record system, it is characterised in that:
The environmental chamber at low temperature is the environmental cabinet of an insulation, and the preceding surface of the environmental chamber at low temperature is provided with transparent observation The door of window;The upper side of the environmental cabinet and downside respectively carry a sealing thermal insulation plate;The upper side of the environmental chamber at low temperature and Respectively there is a load axle center of downside;The load axle is by the perforation on sealing thermal insulation plate, through entering environment Inside case;
The refrigeration and temperature-controlling system include refrigerating plant and temperature regulating device;
The refrigerating plant includes liquid nitrogen atomizer and deflector;The deflector is located at latter half of liquid nitrogen mist in environmental chamber at low temperature Change before device;
The temperature regulating device includes thermometer, blower fan and exhaust apparatus;The thermometer is located at the internal material of environmental chamber at low temperature Mechanics Performance Testing region;The host machine part of the blower fan is located on the rear surface outside environmental chamber at low temperature, and the flabellum of blower fan is worn The trailing flank for crossing environmental cabinet is located at the inside of environmental cabinet;The flabellum is located between liquid nitrogen atomizer and deflector;The blower fan Power line and signal wire are connected with temperature controller;One end of the exhaust apparatus is in the outside of environmental cabinet, and the other end is located at On deflector inside environmental chamber at low temperature;
The high speed strain record system includes high speed strain and image capture device;
The load axle being in outside environmental cabinet is connected with the crossbeam and pedestal of material static mechanics machine respectively, the ring Be loaded different types of test fixture inside the case of border on the termination of load axle.
2. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:The observation window is made up of transparent medium, and there is spontaneous thermal at the edge of the observation window;The inner side of the door The top of face observation window carries a mains lighting supply.
3. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:The temperature regulating device also includes temperature controller, and the temperature controller includes temperature indicating device, heating electricity Source and electric signal feedback module, the blower fan and the heater are connected with temperature controller.
4. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:The defroster includes air compressor machine and antifrost compression ring;The antifrost compression ring is arranged at the observation window Edge and the load axle and environmental chamber at low temperature upper side, downside connection, and antifrost compression ring on the inside of be provided with Stomata;The air compressor machine is connected by appendix with antifrost compression ring respectively.
5. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:Shell inside the environmental chamber at low temperature with outside is low temperature resistant stainless steel.
6. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:The exhaust apparatus is a hollow stainless steel tube, and its one end is provided with a minute-pressure check valve, is arranged at water conservancy diversion The other end on plate has horn-type opening.
7. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:The refrigerating plant also includes heater, and the heater is located at deflector and liquid nitrogen mist inside environmental cabinet Between makeup is put.
8. according to claim 1 be used for material at low temperature static mechanical property continuously strain and image record test system, It is characterized in that:I.e. described refrigeration and temperature-controlling system provide 300-80K environmental chamber at low temperature temperature.
CN201720072122.0U 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of material Active CN206496958U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106769395A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-31 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of material
CN110174324A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-27 河海大学 The solidifying white depth in porous asphalt mixture surface and unhomogeneity of deformation test device and method
CN112268794A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-26 中国科学院金属研究所 Method for determining optimal anti-armor-piercing microstructure state of metal material

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106769395A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-31 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical property of material
CN106769395B (en) * 2017-01-20 2023-11-28 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Continuous strain and image recording test system for low-temperature static mechanical properties of materials
CN110174324A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-27 河海大学 The solidifying white depth in porous asphalt mixture surface and unhomogeneity of deformation test device and method
CN112268794A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-26 中国科学院金属研究所 Method for determining optimal anti-armor-piercing microstructure state of metal material

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