CN206388396U - The straight line three-plane projection demonstration board of the drawing linkage of carrying space model spool - Google Patents

Abstract

A linear three-sided projection demonstration board with space model line pipe stretching linkage, comprising a projection board, a space linear model mechanism, a projection connection mechanism, a linear projection mechanism and a linkage mechanism. The utility model adds a space model on the basis of the linear three-sided projection demonstration board of the stretching linkage of the original flexible traction line tube, and adopts a structure in which the linear space model and the linear projection linkage are used, especially two fixed-length line tubes and the internal energy of the line tube. The structure of the moving closed string ensures that the distance from the horizontal projection of the moving point to the X-axis is equal to the distance from the side projection to the Z-axis. It is more intuitive to show the relationship between the position change of the space straight line and the change of its projection. It is easy to operate, as long as you control the front projection of the moving point, it can automatically affect the horizontal projection and side projection of the moving point, and can form the vertical line, horizontal line, lateral horizontal line, vertical line, plumb line, and side sag of the straight line in space. 7 positions of line and slant line. Presentations are significantly improved. Make the linear three-sided projection demonstration board more perfect.

Description

Linear three-sided projection demonstration board with space model wire tube stretching linkage

technical field

The utility model relates to a teaching demonstration teaching aid, in particular to a linear three-sided projection demonstration board with a space model wire tube stretching linkage used in engineering drawing courses.

Background technique

In the engineering drawing course, the spatial position of the straight line is determined by the projection on the three projection planes, that is, the front projection, horizontal projection and side projection of the straight line. The straight line is represented by a straight line segment containing two endpoints, and the same The connection line between the front projection and the horizontal projection of the endpoint is vertical to the X axis, and the connection line between the front projection and the side projection is vertical to the Z axis. The distance from the horizontal projection to the X axis is equal to the distance from the side projection to the Z axis. There are seven situations for the position of the space line relative to the projection surface, which are the normal line, the horizontal line, the lateral horizontal line, the normal vertical line, the plumb line, the lateral vertical line and the oblique line. In the teaching of engineering drawing courses, front projection, Horizontal and side projections demonstrate these seven straight lines, respectively. At present, the demonstration of these seven straight lines is to use seven mock-up teaching aids. Its disadvantage is that the number of models is large, the volume is huge, and it is inconvenient to carry, move and hang. The author made a new model of a linear three-sided projection demonstration board (2016104261688) with a flexible traction line tube stretching linkage. Although the above problems have been solved, there is no linear space model, and it is impossible to vividly and directly demonstrate the linear change of space and the corresponding projection. Variety.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a linear three-sided projection demonstration board with a space model wire tube stretching linkage. The utility model adds a The space model also adopts the linkage structure of the linear space model and the linear projection, which shows the relationship between the position change of the spatial line and the change of the projection, and makes the linear three-sided projection demonstration board more perfect.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: the linear three-sided projection demonstration board with space model wire tube stretching linkage includes a projection board, a space linear model mechanism, a projection connection mechanism, a linear projection mechanism and a linkage mechanism.

The projection board is provided with X axis, YH axis, Yw axis and Z axis, and the X axis, YH axis, Yw axis and Z axis divide the projection board into an orthographic projection plane, a horizontal projection plane, a side projection plane and a YH Yw plane. YH Yw surface is provided with corner dividing line. Let the endpoints of the space straight line segment be the fixed point and the moving point. The fixed point is a fixed point, and the orthographic projection surface, the horizontal projection and the side projection of the fixed point are respectively provided with fixed-point slots, and the fixed-point slots are stepped circular holes. The vertical X-axis of the connection line between the orthographic projection surface of the fixed point and the horizontal projection, the vertical Z-axis of the connection line between the orthographic projection surface of the fixed point and the side projection, the horizontal line of the above two connection lines and the horizontal projection of the fixed point to the angle dividing line, and the side of the fixed point The vertical lines projected to the corner bisect form a rectangle, which is set as a fixed-point projection line. The cut-off surfaces of X-axis, YH-axis, Yw-axis, Z-axis, fixed-point projection connection line and angle dividing line are rectangular slots.

The space linear model mechanism includes a fixed point frame, a fixed point frame bearing, a fixed point support rod, a fixed point ball, a fixed point axis, a space straight line, a moving point ball, a guide rod, a column pin, and a guide rod cap. The fixed-point frame is fixed on the projection board by screws. The fixed-point frame is composed of a Z-shaped plate and a cylinder. The cylinder is provided with a stepped hole. The fixed-point frame bearing is installed in the stepped hole. Cut into a flat shape; the fixed-point ball is cut with a fixed-point ball groove, and the flat contact surface of the fixed-point ball groove and the fixed-point support rod is a clearance fit. The fixed-point pole and the fixed-point ball are connected together, and the fixed-point ball can rotate around the fixed-point pole. The fixed point ball is fixedly connected to one end of the space straight line, and the other end of the space line is fixedly connected to the moving point ball. The moving point ball is provided with a moving point ball groove, which contains a guide rod, which is a cylindrical tube; Connected by column pins, the guide rod is provided with a guide rod groove, and the column pin can slide back and forth in the guide rod groove, so that the dynamic point ball moves back and forth along the guide rod; the cylindrical tube at the rear end of the guide rod is sealed by a thin wall, Cut in-line holes, use the in-line holes to connect to the front projection of the moving point, the guide rods are always perpendicular to the projection plane.

The projection connection mechanism includes a translation frame, a hanging wheel, a hanging wheel shaft, a pulley, a pulley shaft, a flexible rope, and a rope frame. There are two translation racks, namely the upper translation rack and the left translation rack. The translation frame is a C-shaped bar structure, and the two ends of the translation frame are hooked on the projection board. The translation frame is provided with a bar-shaped positioning groove, and a slide groove is arranged on the positioning groove, and the slide groove is narrower than the positioning groove. The upper end of the left translation frame is provided with a hanging wheel shaft, and a hanging wheel is sleeved on the hanging wheel shaft, and the hanging wheel rides on the top of the projection board. At the back of the projection board, pulley shafts are respectively provided at both ends of the upper translation frame and the left translation frame. Pulleys are sheathed on the pulley shafts. The pulleys are provided with two slideways. Each slideway is wound with a flexible rope. The flexible ropes have a total Four, two flexible ropes are wound on each pulley, and the two ends of each flexible rope are respectively fixed on the rope racks on the two sides of the projection board. There are eight rope racks, and the rope racks are symmetrically fixed on the corners of the four sides of the projection board by screws. Each flexible rope goes around the pulley and turns to another pulley of the same translation frame, and then turns to connect with the rope frame, forming a Z or reverse Z shape; the fixation and direction of the other flexible rope opposite to it are symmetrical to the previous flexible rope , the winding directions of the two flexible ropes and the same pulley are opposite; to ensure that the translation frame can move in translation on the projection board.

The linear projection mechanism includes a fixed point, a moving point, a straight line projection and a moving point projection connection line. The fixed point includes a fixed point front projection, a fixed point horizontal projection and a fixed point side projection. Each projection is composed of a fixed point bearing, a rotating shaft, a fixed point coil spring and a straight line projection. A fixed-point bearing is installed in the groove, and the inner ring of the fixed-point bearing is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft. A fixed-point coil spring is arranged on the rotating shaft. Strip shape, divided into straight front projection, straight horizontal projection and straight side projection, one end of the straight projection is wound on the fixed-point coil spring, and the other end protrudes out to the projection board to connect with the moving point; the straight-line projection is pulled by the fixed-point coil spring Always stretch straight on the projection board. At the fixed-point horizontal projection and the fixed-point side projection, the fixed-point horizontal projection cap and the fixed-point side projection cap are set on the outer side of the fixed-point bearing inner ring. The fixed-point horizontal projection cap and the fixed-point side projection cap are provided with fixed-point openings. On board, connect with moving point projection.

The moving point includes the moving point front projection, the moving point horizontal projection and the moving point side projection. Each projection is composed of a slider, a moving point projection clamp, a pin, a moving point shell, a moving point projection connection line and a moving point cap. The dot horizontal projection and the dot side projection also include a dot coil spring. The slider is a combination of a cuboid and a cylinder with a cylindrical through hole. There are two moving point projection clamps in the cylindrical through hole. The moving point projection clamp is a half-step cylindrical shape. The pins are connected into a stepped cylinder, and the moving point projection clip can rotate in the through hole of the slider; The horizontal projection clamp and the moving point side projection clamp have the same shape, and the moving point front projection clamp has one more "T" block at the front end than the other two projection clamps, and the "T" block is inserted into the straight line of the guide rod. The hole is connected with the guide rod. The cuboid side of the slider cooperates with the side of the positioning groove of the translation frame, the cylindrical surface of the slider cooperates with the two sides of the chute of the translation frame, and the slider can slide in the positioning groove and the chute. The linear projection is clamped in the contact surface between the two moving point projection clamping blocks, and the linear projection is fixedly connected to the moving point projection clamping block with pins. The inner end of the moving point coil spring of the horizontal projection of the moving point and the side projection of the moving point is fixedly connected on the cylinder of the slide block, and the outer end of the moving point coil spring is connected with the connecting line of the moving point projection. The outer side of the three projections of the moving point is covered with a moving point projection shell, the moving point projection shell divides the moving point frontal projection shell, the moving point horizontal projection shell and the moving point measuring surface projection shell, and the moving point projection shell is a cylindrical tube, which is cut with The rectangular slot fits into the translation frame. The moving point projection connection line is an elastic flexible rope. After the moving point projection connection line is drawn from the round hole at the upper end of the moving point horizontal projection shell, it passes through the lower end and the right end round hole of the moving point front projection shell, and passes through the moving point side projection The round hole at the left end of the shell is connected to the moving point coil spring. Under the elastic action of moving point coil spring and moving point projection connecting line, always give moving point horizontal projection shell and side projection shell a pulling force to moving point frontal projection direction. The moving point cap is divided into a moving point front projection cap, a moving point horizontal projection cap and a moving point side projection cap, and a cylindrical through hole is provided on the moving point front projection cap for the guide rod to pass through. The moving point cap is connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the moving point housing through a tight fit.

Linkage mechanism includes column pin, guide rod, pipe section, flexible pipe, pipe ring frame, flexible pipe frame, wire rope, wire rope pulley, wire rope frame, wire rope pulley shaft, sheave, sheave shaft, wire rope, wire pipe seat, wire pipe and mobile racks. There is a tube section inside the tube of the guide rod, which is sheet-shaped and integrated with the guide rod; one end of the flexible tube is fixed on the tube section, the tube ring frame is fixed on the front projection shell of the moving point, and the flexible tube frame is fixed on the left translation In the middle of the frame, the flexible pipe passes through the guide rod groove and leads to the outside of the guide rod, and is fixed on the flexible pipe frame of the left translation frame. The length of the flexible pipe depends on the required length when the straight line in space is a plumb line. The wire rope frame is fixed on the lower end of the left translation frame by screws, the wire rope frame is equipped with a wire rope pulley shaft, and the wire rope pulley shaft is covered with a wire rope pulley; a wire rope is provided in the flexible pipe, and the wire rope can move in the flexible pipe. Wire rope one end is fixed on the column pin of moving point ball, passes flexible tube and moving point horizontal projection shell, walks around wire rope pulley again, and U-turn is fixed on moving point horizontal projection shell below. When the ball is moved up and down by hand, it will drive the left translation frame to move left and right and the upper translation frame to move up and down. Although there is no relative movement, the horizontal projection of the moving point cannot move up and down; when the ball is moved back and forth by hand, the horizontal projection of the moving point can also move up and down while moving left and right with the translation frame; this is due to moving forward Penalty, the pin of the moving point pulls the wire rope to move forward, and the horizontal projection of the moving point is driven by the wire rope to move downward; Project the shell upwards. The up and down movement of the horizontal projection of the moving point is exactly equal to the back and forth movement of the moving point ball; it conforms to the law of projection. In order to realize the linkage between the position of the moving point ball and the position of the horizontal projection of the moving point, a sheave shaft is respectively installed in the middle of the upper translation frame and the left translation frame, the sheave shaft is covered with a sheave, and the groove of the sheave is covered with a wire rope; The right end and the lower end of the left mobile frame are provided with wire pipe seats. The wire pipe seat of the left mobile frame is integrated with the wire rope frame. There are two stepped cylindrical through holes on the wire pipe seat. The internal fixed connection is wired pipes, which are made of flexible materials, and there are two wire pipes arranged in parallel on the back of the projection surface. The two ends of the wire pipes are respectively connected to the pipe seats of the upper mobile frame and the left mobile frame. The wire rope is a closed steel wire rope, which passes through the moving point shell of the horizontal projection and the side projection after bypassing the sheave, and then enters the wire pipe, and the wire rope can be stretched and moved in the wire pipe. Among the two wires of the moving point shell projected horizontally, the left line is fixedly connected to the moving point shell, and the right line passes through the moving point shell; through the side projection of the two lines of the moving point shell, the lower line is fixedly connected On the moving point shell, the upper string passes through the moving point shell. This ensures that the horizontal projection of the moving point moves up and down to drive the side projection to move left and right, and the moving distance is equal. The length of the wire rope depends on the length required when the straight line in space is a vertical line.

The projection surface, guide rod, guide rod cap, flexible pipe, steel wire rope, sheave, sheave shaft, wire pipe seat, wire rope frame and fixed point frame are in white, the space line and line projection are in blue, fixed point ball, moving point ball, moving point ball Red is used for point projection and fixed-point projection, black is used for projection lines, fonts and scales, and transparent materials are used for wire ropes, wire tubes, and translation frames.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the structure of the linkage between the space linear model mechanism and the linear projection is adopted, especially the structure of two fixed-length wire pipes and a movable closed wire rope inside the wire pipe is used to more intuitively show the position change of the space straight line Relationship to changes in its projection. Easy to operate, as long as the front projection of the moving point is controlled, the horizontal projection of the moving point and the side projection of the moving point are automatically affected, so that 7 positions of the straight line can be placed. Presentations are significantly improved.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view showing the overall structure.

Fig. 2 is a rear perspective view showing the overall structure.

Fig. 3 is a front view.

FIG. 4 is a left side view taken along AA on FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a rear view taken along line EE on FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is an oblique front partial view cut along BB in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 7 is a rear view taken along line FF in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 8 is an oblique front partial view taken along CC in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view taken along DD in FIG. 8 .

Fig. 10 is a partial sectional view taken along GG in Fig. 4 .

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at I in Fig. 4 .

Fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view at II in Fig. 4 .

Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged view at III on Fig. 4 .

Fig. 14 is a partially enlarged view at IV in Fig. 7 .

Figure 15 is an example of an orthographic projection.

Figure 16 is an example of horizontal line projection.

Figure 17 is an example of a horizon projection.

Figure 18 is an example of a normal perpendicular projection.

Figure 19 is an example of a plumb line projection.

Figure 20 is an example of a side perpendicular projection.

In the figure 1. flexible tube, 2. moving point ball groove, 3. moving point ball, 4. guide rod cap, 5. hanging wheel shaft, 6. space line, 7. fixed point ball, 8. fixed point ball groove, 9. fixed point Frame, 10. Moving point projection connection line, 11. Z axis, 12. Sheave wheel, 13. Fixed point projection connection line, 14. Fixed point side projection cap, 15. Straight line side projection, 16. Upper translation frame, 17. Moving point Side projection cap, 18. wire pipe seat, 19. wire pipe, 20. rope frame, 21. corner line, 22. Yw axis, 23. projection plate, 24. pulley shaft, 25. YH axis, 26. pulley, 27. Fixed point horizontal projection cap, 28. Straight line horizontal projection, 29. Moving point horizontal projection cap, 30. Steel wire rope, 31. Left translation frame, 32. Steel wire rope frame, 33. Chute, 34. X axis, 35. Flexible rope , 36. Fixed point frame bearing, 37. Fixed point support rod, 38. Straight line front projection, 39. Moving point front projection shell, 40. Moving point front projection cap, 41. Moving point horizontal projection shell, 42. Hanging wheel, 43. Wire rope pulley, 44. guide rod, 45. guide rod groove, 46. moving point coil spring, 47. fixed point coil spring, 48. rotating shaft, 49. pipe ring frame, 50. positioning groove, 51. fixed point shaft, 52. sliding Block, 53. Nail pin, 54. Moving point front projection clamp block, 55. Column pin, 56. Pipe section, 57. Moving point horizontal projection clamp block, 58. Wire rope pulley shaft, 59. Fixed point opening, 60. Fixed point groove , 61. flexible pipe frame, 62. fixed point bearing, 63. sheave shaft, 64. wire rope.

detailed description

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 14, the connection and the positional relationship of the structural composition and parts of the present utility model are shown, which are also embodiments of oblique lines. The linear three-sided projection demonstration board with space model line tube stretching linkage includes a projection board (23), a space linear model mechanism, a projection connection mechanism, a linear projection mechanism and a linkage mechanism.

Projection board (23) is provided with X axis (34), YH axis (25), Yw axis (22) and Z axis (11), X axis (34), YH axis (25), Yw axis (22) and The Z axis (11) divides the projection board (23) into an orthographic projection plane, a horizontal projection plane, a side projection plane and a YH Yw plane. Angle dividing lines (21) are provided on the YH Yw surface. Let the endpoints of the space straight line segment be the fixed point and the moving point. The fixed point is a fixed point, and the orthographic projection surface, the horizontal projection and the side projection of the fixed point are respectively provided with a fixed point groove (60), and the fixed point groove (60) is a stepped circular hole. The vertical X-axis of the fixed-point orthographic projection surface and the horizontal projection line (34), the vertical Z-axis of the fixed-point orthographic projection surface and the side projection line (11), the above two connection lines and the horizontal projection of the fixed point to the angle division line The horizontal line of (21), the side projection of the fixed point and the vertical line of the corner line (21) form a rectangle, which is set as the fixed-point projection connection line (13). The cut-off surfaces of the X axis (34), the YH axis (25), the Yw axis (22), the Z axis (11), the fixed-point projection line (13) and the angle dividing line (21) are rectangular slots.

The space linear model mechanism includes a fixed point frame (9), a fixed point frame bearing (36), a fixed point support rod (37), a fixed point ball (7), a fixed point shaft (51), a space straight line (6), a moving point ball (3), Guide rod (44), column pin (55), guide rod cap (4). The fixed-point frame (9) is fixed on the projection board (23) by screws, the fixed-point frame (9) is made of a Z-shaped plate and a cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with a stepped hole, and the fixed-point frame bearing (36) is installed in the stepped hole, and the fixed-point frame bearing ( 36) Fixed-point pole (37) is installed inside, and the other end of fixed-point pole (37) is cut into flat; Fixed-point ball (7) is cut with fixed-point ball groove (8), fixed-point ball groove (8) and fixed-point pole ( 37) The flat contact surface is a clearance fit, and the flat shape of the fixed-point support rod (37) and the fixed-point ball (7) are drilled with a through hole, and the fixed-point shaft (51) is installed in the through-hole, and the fixed-point shaft (51) connects the fixed-point support rod ( 37) is connected together with fixed-point ball (7), and fixed-point ball (7) can rotate around fixed-point support rod (37). Fixed point ball (7) is fixedly connected with one end of space straight line (6), and the other end of space straight line (6) is fixedly connected with moving point ball (3), and moving point ball (3) is provided with moving point ball groove (2), and moving point ball The groove (2) contains the guide rod (44), and the guide rod (44) is a cylindrical tube; the moving point ball (3) and the guide rod (44) are connected by a column pin (55), and the guide rod (44) is provided with a guide rod Groove (45), column pin (55) can slide back and forth in guide rod groove (45), make moving point ball (3) move back and forth along guide rod (44); Sealed, cut in-line hole at thin-walled place, be connected to the frontal projection of moving point with in-line hole, guide rod (44) is always perpendicular to projection plane.

The projection connection mechanism includes a translation frame, a hanging wheel (42), a hanging wheel shaft (5), a pulley (26), a pulley shaft (24), a flexible rope (35), and a rope frame (20). Translation frame has two, is respectively upper translation frame (16) and left translation frame (31). The translation frame is a C-shaped bar structure, and the two ends of the translation frame are hooked on the projection board (23). The translation frame is provided with a bar-shaped positioning groove (50), and the positioning groove (50) is provided with a chute (33), and the chute (33) is narrower than the positioning groove (50). The upper end of the left translation frame (31) is provided with a hanging wheel shaft (5), and the hanging wheel shaft (5) is covered with a hanging wheel (42), and the hanging wheel (42) rides on the projection board (23) top. Behind the projection board (23), the two ends of the upper translation frame (16) and the left translation frame (31) are respectively provided with a pulley shaft (24), and the pulley shaft (24) is covered with a pulley (26), and the pulley (26) There are two slideways, each slideway is wound with a flexible rope (35), there are four flexible ropes (35), each pulley (26) is wound with two flexible ropes (35), each flexible rope The two ends of (35) are respectively fixed on the rope holders (20) on both sides of the projection board (23). There are eight rope racks (20), and the rope racks (20) are symmetrically fixed on the corners of the projection board (23) four sides by screws. Each flexible rope (35) turns to another pulley (26) of the same translation frame after going around the pulley (26), and then turns to be connected with the rope frame (20), forming a Z or reverse Z shape; The fixation and direction of the flexible rope (35) are symmetrical to the previous flexible rope (35), and the two flexible ropes (35) are opposite to the winding direction of the same pulley (26); to ensure that the translation frame can translate on the projection board (23) sports.

The linear projection mechanism includes a fixed point, a moving point, a straight line projection and a moving point projection connection (10), and the fixed point includes a fixed point front projection, a fixed point horizontal projection and a fixed point side projection, and each projection is composed of a fixed point bearing (62), a rotating shaft (48), Composed of a fixed-point coil spring (47) and a linear projection, a fixed-point bearing (62) is installed in the fixed-point groove (60), and a rotating shaft (48) is fixedly installed on the inner ring of the fixed-point bearing (62), and a fixed-point coil spring is arranged on the rotating shaft (48) (47), the inner end of the fixed-point coil spring (47) is connected to the rotating shaft (48), the outer end of the fixed-point coil spring (47) is connected to the linear projection, and the linear projection is a flexible thin strip, which is divided into a linear frontal projection (38) , straight-line horizontal projection (28) and straight-line side projection (15), one end of the straight-line projection is wound on the fixed-point coil spring (47), and the other end stretches out on the projection board (23) to connect with the moving point; the straight-line projection is on the fixed-point coil Always stretch straight under the pulling of spring (47) on the projection board (23). At fixed-point horizontal projection and fixed-point side projection, fixed-point horizontal projection cap (27) and fixed-point side projection cap (14) are sheathed on the outside of fixed-point bearing (62) inner ring, and fixed-point horizontal projection cap (27) and fixed-point side projection cap (14) ) is provided with a fixed-point opening (59), and the linear projection protrudes onto the projection plate (23) through the fixed-point opening (59), and is connected with the moving-point projection.

Moving point comprises moving point frontal projection, moving point horizontal projection and moving point side projection, and each projection is connected by slide block (52), moving point projection clip, pin (53), moving point shell, moving point projection connection ( 10) and moving point cap composition, moving point horizontal projection and moving point side projection also include moving point coil spring (46). The slide block (52) is a combination of a cuboid and a cylinder with a cylindrical through hole. Two moving point projection clips are arranged in the cylindrical through hole. The moving point projection clip is a semi-stepped cylindrical shape. The block is connected into a stepped cylinder by pins (53), and the moving point projection clip can rotate in the through hole of the slider (52); the moving point projection clip transfer point front projection clip (54), and the moving point horizontal projection Clamping block (57) and moving point side projection clamping block, moving point horizontal projection clamping block (57) and moving point side projection clamping block shape are the same, moving point front projection clamping block (54) is at the front end than the other two projection clamping blocks There is one more "T" block, and the "T" block is inserted into the straight hole of the guide rod (44) to be connected with the guide rod (44). The cuboid side of the slide block (52) cooperates with the side of the positioning groove (50) of the translation frame, and the cylindrical surface of the slide block (52) cooperates with the two sides of the chute (33) of the translation frame, and the slide block (52) can be positioned in the positioning groove ( 50) and sliding in the chute (33). The linear projection is clamped in the contact surface between the two moving point projection clamping blocks, and the linear projection is fixedly connected on the moving point projection clamping block with pins (53). The inner end of the moving point coil spring (46) of the moving point horizontal projection and the moving point side projection is fixedly connected on the cylinder of the slider (52), and the outer end of the moving point coil spring (46) is connected with the moving point projection (10) connect. The outer sides of the three projections of the moving point are covered with a moving point projection shell, the moving point projection shell divides the moving point front projection shell (39), the moving point horizontal projection shell (41) and the moving point measuring surface projection shell, and the moving point projection shell is a cylinder Tubular shape with rectangular slots cut on it to cooperate with the translation frame. The moving point projection connecting line (10) is a flexible rope (35) with elasticity. After the moving point projecting connecting line (10) is drawn from the round hole on the upper end of the moving point horizontal projection shell (41), it passes through the moving point front projection shell The lower end of (39) and the right end round hole are connected to the moving point coil spring (46) by the moving point side projection shell left end round hole. Under the elastic action of moving point coil spring (46) and moving point projection connecting line (10), always give moving point horizontal projection shell (41) and side projection shell a pulling force to moving point front projection direction. The moving point cap is divided into a moving point front projection cap (40), a moving point horizontal projection cap (29) and a moving point side projection cap (17), and the moving point front projection cap (40) is provided with a cylindrical through hole so that the guide rod (44) PASSED. The moving point cap is connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the moving point housing through a tight fit.

Linkage mechanism comprises column pin (55), guide rod (44), pipe section (56), flexible pipe (1), pipe ring frame (49), flexible pipe frame (61), wire rope (30), wire rope pulley (43 ), wire rope frame (32), wire rope pulley shaft (58), sheave (12), sheave shaft (63), wire rope (64), wire pipe seat (18), wire pipe (19) and mobile frame. Pipe section (56) is provided in the pipe of guide rod (44), and pipe section (56) is flake, and guide rod (44) is one; One end of flexible pipe (1) is fixed on the pipe section (56), and the pipe section (56) The ring frame (49) is fixed on the moving point front projection shell (39), the flexible pipe frame (61) is fixed on the middle part of the left translation frame (31), and the flexible pipe (1) is guided to the guide rod through the guide rod groove (45) The outside of (44) is fixed on the left translation frame (31) flexible pipe frame (61), and the length of flexible pipe (1) depends on the required length when the space straight line (6) is a plumb line. The wire rope frame (32) is fixed on the lower end of the left translation frame (31) by screws, the wire rope frame (32) is equipped with a wire rope pulley shaft (58), and the wire rope pulley shaft (58) is covered with a wire rope pulley (43); the flexible pipe (1 ) is provided with a steel wire rope (30), and the steel wire rope (30) can move in the flexible pipe (1). Wire rope (30) one end is fixed on the column pin (55) of moving ball (3), passes flexible tube (1) and moving point horizontal projection shell (41), walks around wire rope pulley (43) again, turns around and is fixed on Moving point horizontal projection shell (41) below. When moving the penalty kick (3) up and down by hand, it drives the left translation frame (31) to move left and right and the upper translation frame (16) to move up and down, and simultaneously drives the front projection of the moving point to move up and down, and the horizontal projection of the moving point only As the translation frame moves left and right, the steel wire rope (30) does not move relative to the flexible tube (1), and the horizontal projection of the moving point cannot move up and down; While moving left and right, it can also move up and down; this is because the ball (3) is moved forward, and the column pin (55) of the ball (3) pulls the wire rope (30) to move forward, driven by the wire rope (30). The horizontal projection of the moving point moves down; when moving the ball (3) backward, the steel wire rope (30) at the pipe section (56) moves backward, and the coil spring (46) of the moving point pulls the horizontal projection shell (41) of the moving point up. The amount of up and down movement of the horizontal projection of the moving point is just equal to the amount of forward and backward movement of the moving point ball (3); it conforms to the law of projection. In order to realize the linkage between the position of the moving point ball (3) and the position of the horizontal projection of the moving point, a sheave shaft (63) is respectively installed in the middle of the upper translation frame (16) and the left translation frame (31), and the sheave shaft (63) is sleeved with Sheave (12), line rope (64) is set in the groove of sheave (12); The right end of upper mobile frame and the lower end of left mobile frame are provided with wire pipe seat (18), the wire pipe seat (18) of left mobile frame and steel wire rope The frame (32) is made into one, and the wire pipe seat (18) is provided with two stepped cylindrical through holes, the through hole outside the projection surface is large, and the wire pipe (19) is fixedly connected in the large through hole, and the wire pipe (19) It is a flexible material, and there are two pieces arranged in parallel on the back of the projection surface. The two ends of the line pipe (19) are respectively connected to the line pipe seat (18) of the upper mobile frame and the left mobile frame. Inside the line pipe (19) There is a wire rope (64); the wire rope (64) is a closed steel wire rope (30), passes through the moving point shell of the horizontal projection and the side projection after bypassing the sheave (12), and then enters the wire pipe (19), and the wire Rope (64) can stretch and move in the line pipe (19). Among the two wire ropes (64) projected horizontally, the left wire rope (64) is fixedly connected to the movable point casing, and the right wire rope (64) passes through the dynamic point casing; A line rope (64), the bottom line rope (64) is fixedly connected on the moving point shell, and the top line line (64) passes through the moving point shell. This ensures that the horizontal projection of the moving point moves up and down to drive the side projection to move left and right, and the moving distance is equal. The length of steel wire rope (30) depends on the required length when space straight line (6) is side vertical line.

When in use, the point ball (3) is moved by hand to control the different positions of the front projection of the point of movement, and the horizontal projection and side projection of the point of motion follow in place. Thereby it is not difficult to put into space straight line (6) 7 kinds of positions.

Projection surface, guide rod (44), guide rod cap (4), flexible pipe (1), steel wire rope (30), sheave (12), sheave shaft (63), line pipe (19) seat (18), steel wire rope Frame (32) and fixed point frame (9) adopt white, space straight line (6) and straight line projection adopt blue, fixed point ball (7), moving point ball (3), moving point projection and fixed point projection adopt red, projection connecting line , fonts and scales are black, and wire ropes (64), wire tubes (19) and translation frames are made of transparent materials.

Figure 15 is an example of an orthographic projection.

Figure 16 is an example of horizontal line projection. Pull out the fixed-point side projection cap (14) before placing it in a horizontal line.

Figure 17 is an example of a horizon projection. Before putting into lateral horizontal line, pull out fixed-point horizontal projection cap (27) earlier.

Figure 18 is an example of a normal perpendicular projection. Before putting into a positive vertical line, first move the penalty ball (3) to the position approaching the positive vertical line, pull out the guide rod cap (4), the front end of the guide rod groove (45) is open, and then from the guide rod groove (45) 45) Pull out the moving penalty ball (3) from the opening, so that the moving penalty ball (3) is separated from the guide rod (44), and then move the moving penalty ball (3) to the space line (6) perpendicular to the projection board (23), and then Just put the front projection, horizontal projection and front projection of the moving point in the correct position. The guide rod (44) can also be disassembled: rotate the guide rod (44) so that the "T" block of the front projection clip (54) of the moving point is aligned with the straight hole of the guide rod (44), and the guide rod (44) can be pulled out. Rod (44).

Figure 19 is an example of a plumb line projection. Before putting into a plumb line, pull out the fixed-point horizontal projection cap (27) earlier.

Figure 20 is an example of a side perpendicular projection. Before placing into a side vertical line, pull out the fixed-point side projection cap (14).

Claims (1)

1. a kind of straight line three-plane projection demonstration board of the drawing linkage of carrying space model spool, including projection plate, space line mould Type mechanism, projection join line mechanism, mechanism of linear projection and link gear；It is characterized in that：Projection plate is provided with X-axis, YH axles, Yw axles And Z axis, projection plate is divided into frontal plane of projection, horizontal plane, lateral projection face and YH Yw faces by X-axis, YH axles, Yw axles and Z axis；YH Yw faces are provided with angle separated time；If the end points of space line section is fixed point and dynamic point；Fixed point is motionless point, the orthographic projection of fixed point Face, floor projection and side projection are respectively equipped with fixed point groove, and fixed point groove is ladder circular hole；The frontal plane of projection and floor projection of fixed point Line vertical X axis, the frontal plane of projection of fixed point and the line vertical Z axle of side projection, the level of above-mentioned two lines and fixed point Project to the horizontal line of angle separated time, the vertical line of the side projection of fixed point to angle separated time and constitute a rectangle, be set to fixed point projection and connect Line；X-axis, YH axles, Yw axles, Z axis, fixed point projection join line and the truncation surface of angle separated time are rectangular channels；Space line model mechanism bag Include fixed point frame, fixed point frame bearing, fixed point pole, fixed point ball, fixed point axle, space line, dynamic point ball, guide rod, pin, guide rod cap； Fixed point frame is fixed on projection plate by screw, and fixed point frame is made up of Z-shaped plate and cylinder, and cylinder, which is provided with shoulder hole, shoulder hole, pacifies Set and fixed point pole is installed in a frame bearing, fixed point frame bearing, the other end of fixed point pole is cut into flat；It is fixed that fixed point ball is cut with The flat contact surface of point ball groove, fixed point ball groove and fixed point pole is that gap coordinates, and pinpoints the flat and fixed point round bur of pole and has logical Fixed point axle is installed, fixed point axle connects fixed point pole and fixed point ball, and fixed point ball can turn around fixed point pole in hole, through hole It is dynamic；Fixed point ball is fixedly connected with one end of space line, and the space line other end is fixedly connected with dynamic point ball, and dynamic point ball is provided with dynamic point ball Guide rod is included in groove, dynamic point ball groove, guide rod is cylindrical tube；Dynamic point ball and guide rod are connected by pin, and guide rod is provided with stem guiding trough, pin It can be slid back and forth in stem guiding trough, make dynamic point ball movable along guide rod；The cylindrical tube of guide rod rear end is shut by thin-walled, in thin-walled In-line hole is cut at place, the front projection of dynamic point is connected to in-line hole, guide rod is always perpendicular to perspective plane；Projection join line machine Structure includes pan carriage, change gear, change gear axle, pulley, pulley spindle, flexible strand, rope support；Pan carriage has two, is upper pan carriage respectively With left frame；Pan carriage is c-type strip structure, and pan carriage two ends are hooked on projection plate；Pan carriage is positioned provided with bar shaped Chute is provided with groove, locating slot, chute is narrower than locating slot；Left frame upper end is provided with change gear axle, change gear axle and is cased with change gear, hangs Wheel rides over projection plate upper end；Behind projection plate, upper pan carriage and left frame two ends are respectively equipped with pulley spindle, pulley spindle Pulley is cased with, pulley is respectively wound with a flexible strand provided with two slideways, each slideway, and flexible strand has four, each pulley On be wound with two flexible strands, the two ends of every flexible strand are separately fixed on the rope support of projection plate two sides；Rope support has eight Individual, rope support is symmetrically fixed on the angle of four sides of projection plate by screw；Every flexible strand bypasses pulley rear steering to same Another pulley of pan carriage, turns again to be connected with rope support, into Z or anti-Z shapes；Another flexible strand corresponding thereto is consolidated Fixed and trend is symmetrical with previous bar flexible strand, and two flexible strands are opposite with the winding direction of same pulley；To ensure pan carriage energy The translational motion on projection plate；Mechanism of linear projection includes fixed point, dynamic point, linear projection and dynamic point projection join line, and fixed point includes Fixed point front projection, point level projection and fixed point side projection, it is each to project by fixed point bearing, rotating shaft, pinpoint wind spring and straight Line projection is constituted, and fixed point bearing is provided with fixed point groove, and fixed point bearing inner race is installed with rotating shaft, and rotating shaft is rolled up provided with fixed point Spring, the inner of fixed point wind spring is connected with rotating shaft, and the outer end of fixed point wind spring is connected with linear projection, and linear projection is flexible sheet Shape, be divided into straight line front projection, straight horizontal projection and straight line side projection, linear projection's one ends wound fixed point wind spring on, The other end is reached on projection plate, is connected with dynamic point；Linear projection is always exceptionally straight on projection plate under the pulling of fixed point wind spring； Project and pinpoint at side projection in point level, point level projection hat is cased with the outside of fixed point bearing inner race and fixed point side is thrown Shadow cap, point level projection hat and fixed point side projection cap are open provided with fixed point, and linear projection reaches throwing by pinpointing opening On shadow plate, it is connected with dynamic point projection；Dynamic point includes dynamic point front projection, dynamic point floor projection and dynamic point side projection, each to throw Shadow is projected fixture block, pin, dynamic point shell, dynamic point projection join line and dynamic point cap and constituted by sliding block, dynamic point, dynamic point floor projection and dynamic point Side projection also includes dynamic point wind spring；Sliding block is set in the assembly of the cuboid and cylinder that carry cylindrical hole, cylindrical hole There are two dynamic point projection fixture blocks, dynamic point projection fixture block is half ladder circle cylindricality, and two dynamic point projection fixture blocks connect into rank by pin Terraced cylinder, dynamic point projection fixture block can rotate in the through hole of sliding block；Dynamic point projection fixture block transfer point front projection fixture block, dynamic point water Flat projection fixture block and dynamic point side projection fixture block, dynamic point floor projection fixture block are identical with dynamic point side projection fixture block shape, dynamic point Front projection fixture block is inserted into the yi word pattern hole of guide rod than another two projection fixture block T-shape block more than the front end, T-shape block It is connected with guide rod；The rectangular body side surface of sliding block and the locating slot side of pan carriage coordinate, the face of cylinder and the pan carriage chute of sliding block Two sides coordinate, and sliding block can be slided in locating slot and chute；Straight line is clamped in contact surface between two dynamic point projection fixture blocks Projection, linear projection is fixedly connected on dynamic point projection fixture block with pin；The dynamic point of dynamic point floor projection and dynamic point side projection Wind spring the inner is fixedly connected on the cylinder of sliding block, and the outer end of dynamic point wind spring is connected with dynamic point projection join line；Three projections of dynamic point Outside be cased with dynamic point projection shell, dynamic point projection shell transfer point front projection shell, dynamic point floor projection shell and dynamic point survey face projection Shell, dynamic point projection shell is cylindrical tube, and rectangular channel is cut with thereon and is coordinated with pan carriage；Dynamic point projection join line is one flexible Flexible strand, dynamic point projection join line is after the circular hole of dynamic point floor projection shell upper end is drawn, through under dynamic point front projection shell End and right-hand member circular hole, are connected on dynamic point wind spring by dynamic point side projection shell left end circular hole；Projected in dynamic point wind spring and dynamic point Under line elastic reaction, always to dynamic point floor projection shell and side projection shell to one, dynamic point front projection direction pulling force；It is dynamic Point cap is divided into dynamic point front projection cap, dynamic point floor projection cap and dynamic point side projection cap, and dynamic point front projection cap is provided with circle Post through hole, so that guide rod passes through；Dynamic point cap is by tight fit connection on the external cylindrical surface of dynamic point shell；Link gear includes post Pin, guide rod, pipe are cut, flexible pipe, pipe ring frame, flexible pipe support, steel wire rope, wire rope pulley, steel wire rope support, wire rope pulley axle, Sheave, fluted roller shaft, cotton rope, spool seat, spool and movable stand；Cut in the pipe of guide rod provided with pipe, it is sheet that pipe, which is cut, is one with guide rod Body；One end of flexible pipe is fixed on pipe and cut, and pipe ring frame is fixed on dynamic point front projection shell, and flexible pipe support is fixed on left In the middle part of frame, flexible pipe guides to the outside of guide rod through stem guiding trough, is fixed on the flexible pipe support top of left frame, the length of flexible pipe Required length when depending on space line being plumb line；Steel wire rope support is fixed on left frame lower end, steel wire rope by screw Frame is provided with wire rope pulley axle, wire rope pulley axle and is cased with wire rope pulley；Steel wire rope, steel wire rope energy are provided with flexible pipe Moved in flexible pipe；Steel wire rope one end is fixed on the pin of dynamic point ball, through flexible pipe and dynamic point floor projection shell, further around Wire rope pulley is crossed, it is following that u-turn is fixed on dynamic point floor projection shell；Upper movable stand and move to left groove is separately installed with the middle of moving frame Sheave is cased with wheel shaft, fluted roller shaft, the groove inner sleeve of sheave has cotton rope；Upper movable stand right-hand member is provided with spool with moving frame lower end is moved to left Seat, the spool seat and steel wire rope support for moving to left moving frame is made of one, and spool seat is provided with the outside of two stepped cylindrical through holes, perspective plane Through hole it is big, cable tube is fixedly connected with big through hole, spool is flexible material, has two, is arranged in parallel within perspective plane The back side, the two ends of spool are connected respectively on movable stand and the spool seat for moving to left moving frame, there is cotton rope in spool；Cotton rope is one The steel wire rope of bar closing, bypasses the dynamic point shell by floor projection and side projection after sheave, enters back into spool, cotton rope energy Movement is stretched in spool；In two lines rope by floor projection dynamic point shell, left side cotton rope is fixedly connected on dynamic point shell, right Restrict through dynamic point shell in sideline；By the two lines rope of side projection dynamic point shell, following cotton rope is fixedly connected on dynamic point shell, top Cotton rope passes through dynamic point shell；Ensure that the floor projection of dynamic point moves up and down linkage side projection and moved left and right with this, and it is mobile away from From equal；The length of steel wire rope depends on length required when space line is vertical profile line；It is perspective plane, guide rod, guide rod cap, soft Property pipe, steel wire rope, sheave, fluted roller shaft, spool seat, steel wire rope support and fixed point frame using white, space line and linear projection adopt With blueness, fixed point ball, dynamic point ball, dynamic point projection and fixed point projection use red, and projection join line, font and scale use black, Cotton rope, spool, pan carriage use transparent material.