CN206382680U - A kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function, it is provided with no-load protective circuit, power-supplying circuit and welder circuit, no-load protective circuit is connected with power-supplying circuit, power-supplying circuit is connected with welder circuit, the current detection control circuit and delay control circuit being connected respectively with power-supplying circuit are provided with no-load protective circuit, current detection control circuit is connected with delay control circuit, current transformer TA is provided with current detection control circuit, diode VD1, diode VD2, diode VD3, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, transistor V1 and transistor V2；The no-load protection of electric welding machine can be realized; by setting current detection control circuit butt welding machine circuit to be detected, determine if to be still in working condition, and enter line delay with reference to delay control circuit; after more than delay time, whole electric welding machine automatically carries out power-off energy saving protection.

Description

A kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function

Technical field

The utility model is related to the fields such as material science and technology, welding machine technology, specifically, is that one kind has no-load protection The electric welding machine of function.

Background technology

Welding machine is exactly the electrical equipment for the power supply for providing certain characteristic for welding, welding due to flexible simple and convenient solid and reliable, Advantage after welding even with mother metal equality strength is widely used in each industrial circle, such as Aero-Space, ship, automobile, container Deng.

Electric welding machine (electric welding machine) is actually the transformer with decline external characteristics, will 220V and 380V alternating currents are changed into the direct current of low pressure, and electric welding machine typically can be divided into two kinds by out-put supply species, and one kind is to hand over Flow power supply；A kind of is direct current.The electric welding machine of direct current is it may be said that be also a powerful rectifier, point both positive and negative polarity is handed over During stream electricity input, after transformer transformation, then by rectifier rectification, then output is with the power supply for declining external characteristics, output end Huge voltage change can be produced when switching on and off, ignite electric arc in instantaneous short circuit at the two poles of the earth, using the electric arc of generation come Consumable electrode and wlding, cooling reach the purpose for combining them later.The characteristics of welding transformer has itself, external characteristics is just It is the characteristic that voltage drastically declines after welding rod ignites.

The critical piece of electric welding machine is a step-down transformer, and the two ends of secondary coil are welded part and welding rod, work As when ignite electric arc, welding rod is fused in the gap of workpiece in the high temperature of electric arc.Because the iron core of welding transformer has certainly The characteristics of body, therefore the characteristic drastically declined with voltage, i.e., voltage declines after welding rod ignites；In the short circuit of welding rod adhesion When, voltage even more drastically declines.

In welding operation, although the electric current in circuit is equal everywhere, but because resistance everywhere is different, do not fixing The resistance of contact position is maximum (this resistance is contact resistance), according to the fuel factor law (being also Joule's law) of electric current, i.e. Q= IR.t is understood：When electric current is equal, then the bigger position heating of resistance is higher, therefore in welding, the contact of welding rod is namely The contact resistance of the contact position of the metallic object connect is maximum, then the electric heating produced at this position is naturally also just most, welds in addition Bar is the relatively low alloy of fusing point, naturally easily fusing.Alloy electrode core after fusing is bonded on welded article body, after cooling just Welding object is bonded in one piece.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function of offer, can realize electric welding machine No-load protection, by setting current detection control circuit butt welding machine circuit to be detected, determines if to be still in work shape State, and enter line delay with reference to delay control circuit, after more than delay time, whole electric welding machine automatically carries out power-off energy saving guarantor Shield, the effect with energy-conservation while reaching safe welding.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function, sets free Protection circuit, power-supplying circuit and welder circuit are carried, the no-load protective circuit is connected with power-supplying circuit, power supply is supplied Circuit is connected with welder circuit, and the electric current inspection being connected respectively with power-supplying circuit is provided with no-load protective circuit Observing and controlling circuit and delay control circuit, current detection control circuit are connected with delay control circuit, in current detecting control Be provided with circuit current transformer TA, diode VD1, diode VD2, diode VD3, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, Resistance R5, resistance R6, transistor V1 and transistor V2, the current transformer TA are connected with welder circuit sensing, diode VD1 Be connected in parallel on current transformer TA, resistance R2, diode VD2 and diode VD3 are sequentially connected in series, and resistance R2 non-connects end altogether with Diode VD1 first end is connected, diode VD3 non-connects end altogether the second end respectively with diode VD1 and transistor V1 Emitter stage be connected, diode VD2 is connected transistor V1 base stage, crystal with the end that diode VD3 connects altogether by resistance R3 Pipe V1 base stage is passed through resistance R5 connections power supply and supplied by resistance R4 connection transistors V1 emitter stage, transistor V1 colelctor electrode The first end of the output end of circuit, and transistor V1 colelctor electrode passes through resistance R6 connection transistors V2 base stage, transistor V1 colelctor electrode is also connected with delay control circuit, transistor V2 emitter stage connection delay control circuit, transistor V2's Colelctor electrode is connected with transistor V1 emitter stage and delay control circuit respectively.

Further is that the utility model is better achieved, especially using following setting structures：The diode VD1 is just Pole connection diode VD3 negative pole, diode VD2 negative pole connection diode VD3 positive pole, transistor V1 uses the poles of NPN tri- Pipe, transistor V2 uses PNP triode.

Further is that the utility model is better achieved, especially using following setting structures：In delays time to control electricity Be provided with road resistance R7, electric capacity C3, electric capacity C4, when base chip IC 2, relay K and A.C. contactor KM, transistor V2 hair Emitter-base bandgap grading is by the first end of the output end of resistance R7 connection power-supplying circuits, and the first end of the output end of power-supplying circuit Also respectively with when base chip IC 24 pin and 8 pin be connected, transistor V2 emitter stage respectively with when base chip IC 26 pin and 7 Pin is connected, and electric capacity C3 is connected between transistor V2 emitter and collector, when base chip IC 26 pin pass through electric capacity C4 With when base chip IC 21 pin be connected, when base chip IC 22 pin connection transistor V1 colelctor electrode, when relay K is arranged on Between 3 pin and 1 pin of base chip IC 2；A.C. contactor KM and relay K moving contact K1 is in series and is arranged on power supply and powers On the input of circuit.

It is further for the utility model is better achieved, can protective relay K safe operations, is especially set using following Put structure：Also be parallel with protection diode VD5 on the relay K, and protection diode VD5 negative pole with when base chip IC2 3 pin are connected.

It is further further to reach the purpose of energy-saving protective for the utility model is better achieved, especially use Following setting structures：Resistance series circuit, electric capacity C1 and welder transformer T2, resistant series are provided with the welder circuit Circuit includes the resistance R8 and resistance R1 being serially connected, and electric capacity C1 is connected in parallel on resistance R1, A.C. contactor KM normally open contact KM1 is connected in parallel on resistance series circuit two ends, and the of the termination that A.C. contactor KM connects with moving contact K1 non-co- and normally open contact KM1 One end is connected, normally open contact KM1 the second end connection welder transformer T2 primary sides W3 the second end, and moving contact K1 is with exchanging The first end for the termination connection primary side W3 that contactor KM non-co- connects, the current transformer TA and welder transformer T2 secondary Hold W4 sensing connections.

It is further that reliable dc source can be provided for no-load protective circuit for the utility model is better achieved, Especially use following setting structures：Power transformer T1, rectifier IC1 and electricity are provided with the power-supplying circuit Hold C2, A.C. contactor KM and moving contact K1 after series connection are connected on power transformer T1 primary side W1 two ends, Power transformer T1 secondary end is connected with rectifier IC1 input, rectifier IC1 output end electricity in parallel Hold C2, and electric capacity C2 first end is the first end of the output end of power-supplying circuit, electric capacity C2 the second end with when base chip IC2 1 pin is connected and is grounded, and power transformer T1 primary side W1 is the input of power-supplying circuit.

Further is that the utility model is better achieved, especially using following setting structures：Electric capacity C2 is using electrolysis electricity Hold, and the electric capacity C2 just extremely first end of the output end of power-supplying circuit.

It is further to be linked into alternating current is safe and reliable for the utility model is better achieved in electric welding machine, Especially use following setting structures：Also include the switch protecting circuit being connected on the input of power-supplying circuit, it is described to open Close protection circuit include ganged switch QS and protective tube FU, and ganged switch QS it is each on be all provided with a protective tube FU, protective tube FU is arranged between ganged switch QS and the input of power-supplying circuit.

Further is that the utility model is better achieved, especially using following setting structures：The electric capacity C3 is using electricity Solve electric capacity, and electric capacity C3 positive pole connection transistor V2 emitter stage, when base chip IC 2 using base chip during NE555.

Further is that the utility model is better achieved, especially using following setting structures：The diode VD1, two Pole pipe VD2 and diode VD3 all use light emitting diode.

The utility model compared with prior art, with advantages below and beneficial effect：

The utility model can realize the no-load protection of electric welding machine, by setting current detection control circuit butt welding machine circuit Detected, determine if to be still in working condition, and enter line delay with reference to delay control circuit, when more than delay time Afterwards, whole electric welding machine automatically carries out power-off energy saving protection, the effect with energy-conservation while reaching safe welding.

The utility model carry out current detection control circuit design when, using light emitting diode can Real Time Observation its be It is no in the state normally run.

The utility model is used cooperatively by A.C. contactor and relay, can play the same of empty load energy-saving protection When, the control of high current is carried out using low current, the purpose of security control is reached.

The utility model based on when base chip and the delay control circuit that designs can be under the control condition of high sensitivity Carry out delays time to control.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is electrical block diagram of the present utility model.

Embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to embodiment, but embodiment of the present utility model is not It is limited to this.

Embodiment 1：

A kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function, can realize the no-load protection of electric welding machine, by setting electric current to examine Observing and controlling circuit butt welding machine circuit is detected, determines if to be still in working condition, and with reference to delay control circuit enter Line delay, after more than delay time, whole electric welding machine automatically carries out power-off energy saving protection, has while reaching safe welding There is the effect of energy-conservation, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：Be provided with no-load protective circuit, power-supplying circuit and Welder circuit, the no-load protective circuit is connected with power-supplying circuit, and power-supplying circuit is connected with welder circuit, The current detection control circuit and delay control circuit being connected respectively with power-supplying circuit are provided with no-load protective circuit, Current detection control circuit is connected with delay control circuit, be provided with current detection control circuit current transformer TA, Diode VD1, diode VD2, diode VD3, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, transistor V1 and crystalline substance Body pipe V2, the current transformer TA are connected with welder circuit sensing, and diode VD1 is connected in parallel on current transformer TA, resistance R2, diode VD2 and diode VD3 are sequentially connected in series, and resistance R2 non-connects end altogether is connected with diode VD1 first end, Diode VD3 non-connects end altogether is connected with diode VD1 the second end and transistor V1 emitter stage respectively, diode VD2 Transistor V1 base stage is connected by resistance R3 with the end that diode VD3 connects altogether, transistor V1 base stage is connected by resistance R4 Transistor V1 emitter stage, the first end for the output end that transistor V1 colelctor electrode passes through resistance R5 connection power-supplying circuits, And transistor V1 colelctor electrode, by resistance R6 connection transistors V2 base stage, transistor V1 colelctor electrode is also electric with delays time to control Road is connected, transistor V2 emitter stage connection delay control circuit, the hair of transistor V2 colelctor electrode respectively with transistor V1 Emitter-base bandgap grading and delay control circuit are connected.

Embodiment 2：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of above-described embodiment, further new for this practicality is better achieved Type, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：The cathode connecting diode VD3 of diode VD1 negative pole, two poles Pipe VD2 negative pole connection diode VD3 positive pole, transistor V1 uses NPN triode, and transistor V2 uses PNP triode.

Embodiment 3：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：Resistance R7, electric capacity are provided with the delay control circuit C3, electric capacity C4, when base chip IC 2, relay K and A.C. contactor KM, transistor V2 emitter stage pass through resistance R7 connections electricity The first end of the output end of source power supply circuit, and the output end of power-supplying circuit first end also respectively with when base chip IC 2 4 pin and 8 pin be connected, transistor V2 emitter stage respectively with when base chip IC 26 pin and 7 pin be connected, electric capacity C3 connections Between transistor V2 emitter and collector, when base chip IC 26 pin by electric capacity C4 with when base chip IC 21 pin phase Connection, when base chip IC 22 pin connection transistor V1 colelctor electrode, 3 pin and 1 pin of base chip IC 2 when relay K is arranged on Between；A.C. contactor KM and relay K moving contact K1 is in series and is arranged on the input of power-supplying circuit.

Embodiment 4：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, can protective relay K safe operations, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：On the relay K Also be parallel with protection diode VD5, and protection diode VD5 negative pole with when base chip IC 23 pin be connected.

Embodiment 5：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, the purpose of energy-saving protective can be further reached, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：In the welding machine Resistance series circuit, electric capacity C1 and welder transformer T2 are provided with circuit, resistance series circuit includes the resistance being serially connected R8 and resistance R1, electric capacity C1 are connected in parallel on resistance R1, and A.C. contactor KM normally open contact KM1 is connected in parallel on resistance series circuit two End, the termination that A.C. contactor KM connects with moving contact K1 non-co- is connected with normally open contact KM1 first end, normally open contact KM1 The second end connection welder transformer T2 primary sides W3 the second end, moving contact K1 connects with the termination that A.C. contactor KM non-co- connects Primary side W3 first end is connect, the current transformer TA is connected with welder transformer T2 secondary end W4 sensings.

Embodiment 6：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, reliable dc source can be provided for no-load protective circuit, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures： Power transformer T1, rectifier IC1 and electric capacity C2, the A.C. contactor after series connection are provided with the power-supplying circuit KM and moving contact K1 are connected on power transformer T1 primary side W1 two ends, power transformer T1 secondary end and bridge Formula rectistack IC1 input is connected, rectifier IC1 output end shunt capacitance C2, and electric capacity C2 first end is The first end of the output end of power-supplying circuit, electric capacity C2 the second end with when base chip IC 21 pin be connected and be grounded, electricity Source transformer T1 primary side W1 is the input of power-supplying circuit.

Embodiment 7：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：Electric capacity C2 uses electrochemical capacitor, and electric capacity C2 just extremely power supply The first end of the output end of power supply circuit.

Embodiment 8：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, it can be linked into alternating current is safe and reliable in electric welding machine, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：Also Including the switch protecting circuit being connected on the input of power-supplying circuit, the switch protecting circuit includes ganged switch QS With protective tube FU, and ganged switch QS it is each on be all provided with a protective tube FU, protective tube FU is arranged on duplex and opened Close between QS and the input of power-supplying circuit.

Embodiment 9：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：The electric capacity C3 uses electrochemical capacitor, and electric capacity C3 positive pole connects Connect transistor V2 emitter stage, when base chip IC 2 using base chip during NE555.

Embodiment 10：

The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, and further is that this reality is better achieved With new, as shown in figure 1, especially using following setting structures：The diode VD1, diode VD2 and diode VD3 are all adopted Use light emitting diode.

In design in use, welder transformer T2 secondary end is connected into electrode holder A and weldment B respectively, ganged switch is connected QS, the normally open contact KM1 through A.C. contactor KM adds to welder transformer to exchange 380V voltages (or alternating current 220V voltage) all the way On T2 first winding (primary side) W3；Another road is depressured through power transformer T1, rectifier IC1 rectifications and electric capacity C2 are filtered It is transistor V1, the offer direct-current working volts of transistor V2 and Shi Ji chip IC 2 after ripple.

At electric welder no-load (unwelded), non-inductive electric current in current transformer TA, at transistor V1 and transistor V2 In cut-off state, when base chip IC 22 pin be high potential, when base chip IC 23 pin output low level, relay K with exchange Contactor KM is in release conditions, and A.C. contactor KM normally open contact KM1 disconnects, and electric capacity C1, resistance R1 and resistance R8 are in parallel In the primary circuit for accessing welder transformer T2, electric welding machine is set to enter no-load saving state.

When soldered, the welding rod on electrode holder A is touched with weldment B, A.C. contactor TA is produced induced-current, magnetic induction electricity Flowing through turns on transistor V1 and transistor V2 after resistance R2 Current Limiting Diodes VD2 rectifications, when base chip IC 22 pin be changed into low Level, when base chip IC 23 pin output high level, relay K and A.C. contactor KM energization adhesives, A.C. contactor KM's Resistance R8 and electric capacity C1, resistance R1 short circuit, electric welding machine are entered normal weld state by normally open contact KM1.

To prevent KM frequent movements in electric welding machine intermittently operated, circuit is provided with delays time to control function.When stopping welding, Transistor V1 and transistor V2 cut-offs, electric capacity C3 is charged by resistance R7, is only charged to setting level in electric capacity C3 both end voltages When (preferably 8V), when base chip IC 23 pin just export low level, discharge relay K and A.C. contactor KM power-off, Electric welding machine is just transferred to stand-by energy-saving state.

When in use, resistance R7 preferably can be replaced using potentiometer, when the resistance or change electric capacity that change resistance R7 C3 capacity, can change the length of delay time.

It is described above, only it is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, any formal limit is not done to the utility model System, every any simple modification made according to technical spirit of the present utility model to above example, equivalent variations are each fallen within Within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function, it is characterised in that：It is provided with no-load protective circuit, power-supplying circuit And welder circuit, the no-load protective circuit is connected with power-supplying circuit, and power-supplying circuit is connected with welder circuit, The current detection control circuit being connected respectively with power-supplying circuit and delays time to control electricity are provided with no-load protective circuit Road, current detection control circuit is connected with delay control circuit, and current transformer is provided with current detection control circuit TA, diode VD1, diode VD2, diode VD3, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, transistor V1 And transistor V2, the current transformer TA are connected with welder circuit sensing, diode VD1 is connected in parallel on current transformer TA, Resistance R2, diode VD2 and diode VD3 are sequentially connected in series, and resistance R2 non-connects end altogether is connected with diode VD1 first end Connect, diode VD3 non-connects end altogether is connected with diode VD1 the second end and transistor V1 emitter stage respectively, diode VD2 is connected transistor V1 base stage with the end that diode VD3 connects altogether by resistance R3, and transistor V1 base stage is connected by resistance R4 Connect transistor V1 emitter stage, the first of the output end that transistor V1 colelctor electrode passes through resistance R5 connection power-supplying circuits End, and transistor V1 colelctor electrode by resistance R6 connection transistors V2 base stage, transistor V1 colelctor electrode also with delay control Circuit processed is connected, transistor V2 emitter stage connection delay control circuit, transistor V2 colelctor electrode respectively with transistor V1 Emitter stage and delay control circuit be connected；The diode VD1, diode VD2 and diode VD3 all use light-emitting diodes Pipe.

2. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The diode VD1 cathode connecting diode VD3 negative pole, diode VD2 negative pole connection diode VD3 positive pole, transistor V1 is used NPN triode, transistor V2 uses PNP triode.

3. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Prolong described When control circuit in be provided with resistance R7, electric capacity C3, electric capacity C4, when base chip IC 2, relay K and A.C. contactor KM, crystal Pipe V2 emitter stage is by the first end of the output end of resistance R7 connection power-supplying circuits, and the output end of power-supplying circuit First end also respectively with when base chip IC 24 pin and 8 pin be connected, transistor V2 emitter stage respectively with when base chip IC2 6 pin and 7 pin are connected, and electric capacity C3 is connected between transistor V2 emitter and collector, when base chip IC 26 pin By electric capacity C4 with when base chip IC 21 pin be connected, when base chip IC 22 pin connection transistor V1 colelctor electrode, relay When device K is arranged between 3 pin and 1 pin of base chip IC 2；A.C. contactor KM and relay K moving contact K1 is in series and set Put on the input of power-supplying circuit.

4. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In the relay Also be parallel with protection diode VD5 on K, and protection diode VD5 negative pole with when base chip IC 23 pin be connected.

5. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In welding machine electricity Resistance series circuit, electric capacity C1 and welder transformer T2 are provided with road, resistance series circuit includes the resistance R8 being serially connected It is connected in parallel on resistance R1, electric capacity C1 on resistance R1, A.C. contactor KM normally open contact KM1 is connected in parallel on resistance series circuit two End, the termination that A.C. contactor KM connects with moving contact K1 non-co- is connected with normally open contact KM1 first end, normally open contact KM1 The second end connection welder transformer T2 primary sides W3 the second end, moving contact K1 connects with the termination that A.C. contactor KM non-co- connects Primary side W3 first end is connect, the current transformer TA is connected with welder transformer T2 secondary end W4 sensings.

6. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Supplied in the power supply Power transformer T1, rectifier IC1 and electric capacity C2 are provided with circuit, A.C. contactor KM and moving contact after series connection K1 is connected on power transformer T1 primary side W1 two ends, power transformer T1 secondary end and rectifier IC1 input is connected, rectifier IC1 output end shunt capacitance C2, and electric capacity C2 first end is powered for power supply The first end of the output end of circuit, electric capacity C2 the second end with when base chip IC 21 pin be connected and be grounded, power transformer T1 primary side W1 is the input of power-supplying circuit.

7. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Electric capacity C2 is using electricity Solve electric capacity, and the electric capacity C2 just extremely first end of the output end of power-supplying circuit.

8. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：Also include connecting The switch protecting circuit on the input of power-supplying circuit is connected on, the switch protecting circuit includes ganged switch QS and insurance Pipe FU, and ganged switch QS it is each on be all provided with a protective tube FU, protective tube FU be arranged on ganged switch QS with Between the input of power-supplying circuit.

9. a kind of electric welding machine with no-load protection function according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The electric capacity C3 is adopted With electrochemical capacitor, and electric capacity C3 positive pole connection transistor V2 emitter stage, when base chip IC 2 using base chip during NE555.