CN206359481U - A kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis includes pressure casing（1）With multistage fixed bed (3), pressure casing（1）By upper cover, low head and straight tube composition have multistage fixed bed (3), fixed bed (3) is loop configuration, upper and lower ends are closing, have aperture on inside and outside ring wall, fixed bed has gas injection port between (3) in straight tube（2）With gas-liquid separating layer（4）, upper cover has unstripped gas entrance（5）, low head has leakage fluid dram（7）And exhaust outlet（8）, adjust tracheae（6）Passage is formed in fixed bed (3) inner ring, and with the internal ring wall of fixed bed (3), tracheae is adjusted（6）Top be regulation gas entrance, and positioned at upper cover, bottom is located at most subordinate's fixed bed (3) bottom, gas injection port（2）With regulation tracheae（6）Communicate.The utility model has the advantages that to conduct heat, high conversion rate, rational in infrastructure and easily operated.

Description

A kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis

Technical field

The utility model belongs to a kind of reactor, more particularly to a kind of multistage fixed bed reaction for F- T synthesis Device.

Background technology

Using synthesis gas as raw material, the reaction for preparing hydro carbons by F- T synthesis belongs to strong exothermal reaction.If can not will be anti- It hot should be removed in time from reactor, reaction bed temperature will be caused to shift, the selectivity of product is influenceed, even result in The sintering deactivation of catalyst.Therefore, in the design process of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis device, the removal of reaction heat just turns into the pass of design Key.

A method for handling high reaction heat is reacted using calandria type fixed bed reactor.U.S.P4,579,986 Ying He shel l companies are disclosed with CN1047275A by natural gas through the oily technique of synthesis gas synthetic mesophase cut and shell and tube to be consolidated Fixed bed reactor, catalyst granules is located in the tubulation of fixed bed reactors, and cooling medium is supplied around pipe.Reactant is synthesized Gas contacts with catalyst by pipe and occurs fischer-tropsch reaction, reaction heat is transferred to the cooling medium of surrounding by tube wall.Shell and tube Fixed bed reactors preferably solve the problem of reaction bed temperature is controlled in course of reaction, still, due to this reaction There is the heat history of axial direction in device, in order that reaction heat is easy to be diffused into tube wall from tube hub, and be conducted to cooling Jie by tube wall Matter, it usually needs limit pipe size, is generally limited in below 40mm by pipe diameter, to ensure that heat transfer reaches required water It is flat, prevent the catalyst overheating positioned at tube hub.Less pipe size causes the cost of this reactor higher, and catalyst Filling process become complicated.Simultaneously as the axial pressure drop of this reactor is larger, it is necessary to size to catalyst granules and The condition of such as reaction velocity and recycle ratio is carefully selected, so that fallen under rational gross pressure, it is anti-needed for keeping Answer thing gas conversions and heat transfer.For the pipe close to upper dimension bound, it is necessary to using big catalyst particle size, and introduce gas Body and/or liquid recycle are cooled down with increasing pipe.This causes the presence of significant mass transfer resistance in fischer-tropsch catalysts particle, So that the selectivity increase of undesirable lighter products, and produce undesirable focus at catalyst granules center.

Patent CN1200140A and U.S.P.5,128,377 disclose a kind of paste state bed reactor for F- T synthesis. In the reactor, short grained catalyst is dispersed in inert fluid (paraffin oil), and reactor bottom injects synthesis gas to dividing Dispersion liquid is stirred.Gas high degree of dispersion in whole reactor, so heat transfer resistance phase of the catalyst granules to dispersion liquid To relatively low, particle temperature is close to dispersion liquid temperature.Heat exchanger is disposed with dispersion liquid simultaneously, can be in time by reaction heat from reaction Removed in device.That catalyst consumption amount is big first but paste state bed reactor is there is also some problems, catalyst and dispersion liquid easily with Air-flow is entrained with reactor.Next to that catalyst separates difficulty with liquid product, cause in product inevitably containing urging Agent molecule, purity reduction.Which in turns increases the consumption of catalyst.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model, which is to provide, a kind of conduct heat, high conversion rate, rational in infrastructure and easily operated is used for The multistage fixed bed reactor of F- T synthesis.

A kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis of the utility model, it includes pressure casing and multistage is fixed Bed, pressure casing is by upper cover, low head and straight tube composition, is provided with straight tube multistage fixed bed, and fixed bed is ring junction Structure, the upper and lower ends of fixed bed are closing, and having inside and outside fixed bed on ring wall between aperture, fixed bed has gas injection port and a gas There is unstripped gas entrance on liquid separating layer, upper cover top, and there is leakage fluid dram low head bottom, and exhaust outlet is arranged at low head top, adjusts gas Manage and be located in fixed bed inner ring, and passage is formed with the internal ring wall of fixed bed, the top of regulation tracheae is to adjust gas entrance, and position In upper cover, bottom is located at most subordinate's fixed bed bottom, and gas injection port is communicated with regulation tracheae.

Gas-liquid separation layer include upper aeroscopic plate and lower aeroscopic plate, upper aeroscopic plate by top plate, with top plate be vertically connected on lead Gas plate skirtboard is constituted, and top plate is connected with fixed bed bottom, the lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard that lower aeroscopic plate is vertically connected by bottom plate, with bottom plate Constitute, bottom plate at the top of fixed bed with being connected, and lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard is L-shaped, the middle and upper part of lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard vertical section and bottom plate It is connected, lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard horizontal segment has adjustable row fluid apertures, and the bottom of upper aeroscopic plate skirtboard is stretched into lower aeroscopic plate, upper air guide Circular passage is formed between plate, lower aeroscopic plate and pressure casing.

Fixed bed as described above is 2-10 grades, preferably 3-6 grades.

The advantage of the invention is that：Each stage reactor can be according to the actual conditions of reaction, by using different catalysis Agent filling scheme controls conversion ratio of the reacting gas on each stage reactor, so as to reach the purpose of control reaction heat, it is to avoid The generation of catalyst focus in course of reaction.By injecting low temperature feedstock gas between each stage reactor, it can adjust at different levels anti- The temperature and composition of reacting gas on device are answered, is conducive to the steady Effec-tive Function of each stage reactor.Pass through point of gas-liquid product Level separation, it is to avoid accumulation of the liquid product in beds, improves the expansion between reacting gas and catalyst granules The process of dissipating, improves the heat exchanger effectiveness between catalytic reaction efficiency and reacting gas and catalyst granules.The reaction simultaneously Device disclosure satisfy that the operation of big air speed is required, with it is energy-saving the characteristics of.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-stage fixed bed structure of reactor schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment 1 is used.

As illustrated, 1 is pressure casing, 2 be one group of gas injection port, and 3 be a beds, and 4 be a gas-liquid separation Layer, 5 be unstripped gas entrance, and 6 be regulation gas entrance, and 7 be leakage fluid dram, and 8 be exhaust outlet, and 9 be top plate, and 10 be bottom plate, and 11 be adjustable Formula outage, 12 be upper aeroscopic plate skirtboard, and 13 be lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard.

Embodiment

By the explanation to two non-limiting embodiments shown in the drawings, further the invention is described.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis, it includes pressure casing 1 and multistage Fixed bed 3, pressure casing 1 is provided with multistage fixed bed 3, fixed bed 3 by upper cover, low head and straight tube composition in straight tube For loop configuration, the upper and lower ends of fixed bed 3 are closing, and having inside and outside fixed bed 3 on ring wall between aperture, fixed bed has gas injection Mouth 2 and a gas-liquid separation layer 4, there is unstripped gas entrance 5 on upper cover top, and there is leakage fluid dram 7 low head bottom, and low head top has Exhaust outlet 8, regulation tracheae 6 is located in the inner ring of fixed bed 3, and forms passage with the internal ring wall of fixed bed 3, adjusts the top of tracheae 6 Hold to adjust gas entrance, and positioned at upper cover, bottom is located at the most bottom of subordinate's fixed bed 3, gas injection port 2 is communicated with regulation tracheae 6.

Gas-liquid separation layer 4 include upper aeroscopic plate and lower aeroscopic plate, upper aeroscopic plate by top plate 9, with top plate 9 be vertically connected it is upper Aeroscopic plate skirtboard 12 is constituted, and top plate 9 is connected with the bottom of fixed bed 3, and lower aeroscopic plate is vertically connected down by bottom plate 10, with bottom plate 10 Aeroscopic plate skirtboard 13 is constituted, and bottom plate 10 is connected with the top of fixed bed 3, and lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard 13 is L-shaped, and lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard 13 hangs down The middle and upper part of straight section is connected with bottom plate 10, and the lower horizontal segment of aeroscopic plate skirtboard 13 has adjustable row fluid apertures 11, upper aeroscopic plate skirtboard 12 Bottom stretch into lower aeroscopic plate, form circular passage between upper aeroscopic plate, lower aeroscopic plate and pressure casing 1.

During for F- T synthesis, synthesis gas enters reactor through unstripped gas entrance 5, out of regulation tracheae 6 and fixed bed 3 Ring wall formation passage enters in first order fixed bed 3, and synthesis gas reacts under catalyst action；Unreacted reactant and Reaction product is left beds and flowed downward, under the guiding of upper aeroscopic plate and lower aeroscopic plate, in upper aeroscopic plate, lower air guide Flow and cool down between formation circular passage between plate and pressure casing 1.Liquid phase material is downward through adjustable row fluid apertures 11 downwards Flowing, gas phase then enters the entrance of second level fixed bed 3 by circular passage.First order gas injection port 2 injects synthesis gas, adjustment reaction Temperature degree and hydrogen-carbon ratio, are analogized with secondary；Product liquid is discharged through leakage fluid dram 7 after reaction, and unreacting gas and gas-phase product are through row Gas port 8 is discharged.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis, it includes pressure casing（1）With multistage fixed bed (3), its It is characterised by pressure casing（1）By upper cover, low head and straight tube composition are provided with multistage fixed bed (3) in straight tube, fixed Bed (3) is loop configuration, and the upper and lower ends of fixed bed (3) are closing, have aperture, fixed bed on ring wall inside and outside fixed bed (3) (3) there is gas injection port between（2）With gas-liquid separating layer（4）, there is unstripped gas entrance on upper cover top（5）, there is discharge opeing low head bottom Mouthful（7）, exhaust outlet is arranged at low head top（8）, adjust tracheae（6）In fixed bed (3) inner ring, and it is interior with fixed bed (3) Ring wall formation passage, adjusts tracheae（6）Top be regulation gas entrance, and positioned at upper cover, bottom is located at most subordinate's fixed bed (3) bottom, gas injection port（2）With regulation tracheae（6）Communicate.

2. a kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that gas-liquid separation Layer (4) includes upper aeroscopic plate and lower aeroscopic plate, the upper aeroscopic plate skirtboard that upper aeroscopic plate is vertically connected by top plate (9), with top plate (9) (12) constitute, top plate (9) is connected with fixed bed (3) bottom, lower aeroscopic plate is vertically connected down by bottom plate (10), with bottom plate (10) Aeroscopic plate skirtboard (13) is constituted, and bottom plate (10) at the top of fixed bed (3) with being connected, and lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard (13) is L-shaped, lower aeroscopic plate The middle and upper part of skirtboard (13) vertical section is connected with bottom plate (10), and lower aeroscopic plate skirtboard (13) horizontal segment has adjustable row fluid apertures （11）, the bottom of upper aeroscopic plate skirtboard (12) stretched into lower aeroscopic plate, upper aeroscopic plate, lower aeroscopic plate and pressure casing（1）Between Form circular passage.

3. a kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described Fixed bed is 2-10 grades.

4. a kind of multistage fixed bed reactor for F- T synthesis as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described consolidates Fixed bed is 3-6 grades.