CN206348451U - The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system - Google Patents
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206348451U CN206348451U CN201620628745.7U CN201620628745U CN206348451U CN 206348451 U CN206348451 U CN 206348451U CN 201620628745 U CN201620628745 U CN 201620628745U CN 206348451 U CN206348451 U CN 206348451U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, it is related to direction-finding station technical field.The utility model receives radio signal using the directional aerial of at least Third Mate's known direction feature, and the radio signal received is handled, direction finding is carried out by optimal method, the pioneering fixed antenna direction-finding station using digital phosphor frequency spectrum, solves the quick direction finding problem of transient signal and homogenous frequency signal；Solve the problem of direction finder sensitivity, accuracy and direction finding speed can not be taken into account in the prior art, it is proposed that one kind has high sensitivity, pinpoint accuracy concurrently, it is not high to the coherence request of part, it is capable of the amplitude direction-finding system and method for quick direction finding；Additionally provide simultaneously it is a kind of disclosure satisfy that optimization computation needed for data direction-finding system, optimization computation can be carried out to measurement result, rapidly carry out real-time direction finding, and direction finding afterwards is carried out using the data of storage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to direction-finding station technical field, single pass optimal more specifically to a kind of multiple antennas
Change than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system.
Background technology
On the one hand, social development promotes radio cause to develop rapidly, direction-finding station technology as radio monitoring,
Technology investigates an important technological means with electronic countermeasure, has obtained industry and has more and more paid close attention to.According to direction finding principle
Difference, direction finding system can be divided into amplitude method, phase method, Doppler method, time difference method and Estimation of Spatial Spectrum method etc..
Amplitude method direction-finding system is because its is simple in construction, steady performance and be widely used in direction-finding station neck
Domain.Amplitude method presses the difference of amplitude information Land use systems, can be subdivided into maximum-signal method（Also referred to as big point of articulation method）, minimum signal method
（Also referred to as small point of articulation method）With amplitude comparison method；By the difference of receiving channel quantity, two kinds of single channel and multichannel can be subdivided into；Press
The difference of reception antenna quantity, can be subdivided into two kinds of single antenna and multiple antennas.For multichannel amplitude method direction-finding system, system will
Each beam antenna and its receiving path is asked to suffer from the amplitude characteristic of strict conformance；And the amplitude method based on single receiving channel is surveyed
Each inconsistent influence to system Measure direction performance of channel amplitude characteristic is reduced to system, its direction finding precision is significantly carried
Height, but it is ageing not as multichannel amplitude method direction-finding system.
Current existing amplitude method direction finding technology has following defect respectively：
Although the 1, maximum signal direction finding direction finder sensitivity is high, bearing accuracy is not high, and direction finding speed is slow.Because a side
Face, the directional diagram of directional aerial is gentle in the change of maximum gain approximate angle, insensitive to angle change；On the other hand, it is necessary to
Substantial amounts of antenna azimuth-signal strength data pair, can just draw the antenna azimuth where peak signal.
Although the 2, minimum signal method bearing accuracy is higher, direction finder sensitivity is not high, and direction finding speed is slow.Because a side
Face, the directional diagram of directional aerial changes precipitous in least gain approximate angle, but antenna gain is low herein；On the other hand, it is necessary to
Substantial amounts of antenna azimuth-signal strength data pair, can just draw the antenna azimuth where peak signal.
3rd, existing amplitude comparison method, the comparison of amplitude is by circuit realiration, debugging difficulty high to the coherence request of part
Greatly, and real-time direction finding can only be carried out.
Second aspect, with the fast development of radiotechnics, high-speed frequency-hopping, spread spectrum, time division multiplexing, complex modulation etc. are new
Technology is increasingly widely applied, and the various Low probability intercept signals such as short pulse signal, Sweeping nonlinearity are increasing, is utilized
Conventional art means carry out radio signal monitoring and face many difficulties, it is difficult to transient signal and different instantaneous transmission probability
Homogenous frequency signal carries out direction finding.And digital phosphor spectrum technology rationally solves Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)（FFT）Spectral velocities are fast and people
The limited instantaneous spectrum amplitude distribution frequency analysis Display Technique of eye observation speed, can accumulate substantial amounts of frequency spectrum in instantaneous time
Figure, accumulative effect shows that the color rule of correspondence is usually that the warm colour such as red, orange, yellow shows occur the frequency with bitmap color
（That is probability of occurrence）Higher, the cool colour such as black, blueness, light blue shows that the generation frequency is relatively low, can also use other amplitudes etc.
Level scheme.Quick, concealed signal change procedure can thus be shown with the form of the instantaneous spectrum amplitude distribution frequency
Come, various transient signals, homogenous frequency signal can be detected, the radio monitoring need of work under complex electromagnetic environment is met.Typical case
Product have Imtech of the U.S. produce the portable real-time spectrum analyzer of H500/H600 types and RSA6100A series in real time frequency
Spectrometer, German Rohde ＆ Schwarz Representative Office's production ESMD types monitoring receiver, the U.S. are the 9020/ of the production of moral scientific ＆ technical corporation
9030 type spectrum analyzers configuration RTSA options etc..Direction finding is carried out using digital phosphor frequency spectrum data, it becomes possible to solve transient state
The direction finding problem of the homogenous frequency signal of signal and different instantaneous transmission probability, but traditional direction-finding method does not apply to digital phosphor mostly
Frequency spectrum.Chengdu Dianzhen Technology Co., Ltd. has made beneficial exploration to this, digital phosphor spectrum technology is used for into it in 2011
In DZM-80 type portable monitoring direction-finding systems, the U.S. is shocked, causes the H600 type Real-time Spectrum Analyzer centerings of Imtech of the U.S.
The embargo of state.In essence, what Chengdu Dianzhen Technology Co., Ltd. used at that time is still maximum-signal method, has been applied
Number for 201110209773.7 " using instantaneous spectrum amplitude distribution frequency data wireless direction finding methods " patent of invention, by
In principal right item state it is innovative not enough, not patented power.
The third aspect, optimal method is also referred to as operational research Methods, is recent decades formation, and it mainly uses mathematics side
The Optimized Approaches and scheme of the various systems of method research, it is therefore intended that the system for being studied, try to achieve each son of reasonable utilization
The preferred plan of system capability, plays and improves the efficiency and benefit of system, be finally reached the optimal objective of system.Industry,
In the real work in each field of all departments such as agricultural, communications and transportation, business, national defence, building, communication, government bodies, people are frequent
The extreme value found a function or max min problem can be run into, this class problem is exactly optimization problem, and solves optimization and ask
The mathematical method of topic is referred to as optimal method, it mainly solve optimal production planning, optimum allocation, optimal design, it is optimal certainly
Plan, Optimal Management etc. find a function maximum, minimum problems.But not yet it is used for direction-finding station field so far.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, optimal method is introduced direction-finding station field by the utility model,
Optimized there is provided a kind of multiple antennas is single pass than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, the utility model uses at least three
The directional aerial for paying known direction feature receives radio signal, and the radio signal received is handled, by most
Optimization method carries out direction finding.The purpose of this utility model is：Solve direction finder sensitivity, accuracy and direction finding speed in the prior art
The problem of degree can not be taken into account, it is proposed that one kind has high sensitivity, pinpoint accuracy concurrently, not high to the coherence request of part, can
The amplitude direction-finding system and method for quick direction finding；Data needed for optimization computation can also be met simultaneously, measurement can be tied
Fruit carries out optimization computation, rapidly carries out direction finding.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that：Including
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, and it is respectively that the amplitude-frequency of the radio signal received is special
Levy the monitoring receiving device for being processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carried out wireless
Electrical measurement to microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor.
The directional aerial is log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and compound loop antenna
In one or more combinations.
Overpay the angle between directional aerial all same, any two pairs of directional aerials be not more than directional aerial main beam it is wide
Degree.
Overpay directional aerial to differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antennas is not more than two pairs of directional aerial masters
The average value of beam angle.
Radio direction-finding system also includes being used to be connected with microprocessor, signified azimuthal electronics sieve of measurement directional aerial
Disk；The electronic compass and microprocessor two-way communication link.
The monitoring receiving device is radio receiver, frequency sweep frequency spectrograph or FFT spectrum instrument.
Suitable for the single pass direction finding optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system of the utility model multiple antennas
Method can be：
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum wireless direction finding method, it is characterised in that：
By at least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial, receive radio signal；
Switched by electronic control radio frequency and control to overpay the connection between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device, overpay directional aerial
Connected in turn with monitoring receiving device, directional aerial is by the radio signal transmission received into monitoring receiving device；
The radio signal that receives of directional aerial is received by monitoring receiving device, and by the radio signal received
Amplitude-frequency characteristic be processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
The fluorescence spectrum data that measure of monitoring receiving device are received by microprocessor and analyzed, different azimuth is obtained
Specific frequency and the measured signal intensity of specific instant probability on angle；
Optimization modeling is carried out in the microprocessor, using radio signal azimuth as decision variable, with different orientations
Deviation tires out between upper measured signal intensity and the signal intensity calculated according to the direction character of the directional aerial on the azimuth
Accumulated amount is object function, is set up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；
Calculating is optimized by microprocessor, the signal arrival bearing of specific instant probability in specific frequency is solved, makes
It is signal arrival bearing to obtain the minimum aspect angle of deviation cumulant.
Described is LEAST SQUARES MODELS FITTING or minimum distance method model without constraint Nonlinear programming Model.
The minimum distance method model includes minimum manhatton distance model, minimum euclidean distance model or minimum Qie Bixue
Husband's distance model.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial technique effect that the utility model is brought is shown：
1st, direction-finding system disclosed in the utility model, has maximum-signal method, minimum signal method and existing amplitude comparison method concurrently
Advantage, take full advantage of all directional characteristics of directional aerial, direction finder sensitivity is high, bearing accuracy is also high, and to portion
The coherence request of part is not high；There is provided data supporting for optimization computation, can not only direction finding in real time, also can using storage
Data direction finding afterwards.
2nd, the utility model additionally provides a kind of single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width fluorescence spectrum direction-finding station side
Method, direction-finding method disclosed in the utility model can reach real-time direction finding, and direction-finding method of the present utility model has peak signal concurrently
The advantage of method, minimum signal method and existing amplitude comparison method, takes full advantage of all directional characteristics of directional aerial, direction finding is sensitive
Degree is high, and bearing accuracy is also high and not high to the coherence request of part；Data supporting is provided for optimization computation, not only
Can direction finding in real time, also can using storage data direction finding afterwards.
3rd, the direction-finding method of the utility model direction-finding system is gone for, using aspect angle as decision variable, with not
On common-azimuth the measured signal intensity of specific frequency and according to the antenna performance of directional aerial calculate signal intensity between partially
The cumulant of difference is object function, is set up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；And optimization computation is carried out by microprocessor, ask
Solve the signal arrival bearing in specific frequency so that the minimum aspect angle of deviation cumulant is signal arrival bearing, real
The real-time direction finding of radio signal is showed, the effect of the utility model method is shown compared with prior art：It is pioneering to utilize number
The fixed antenna direction-finding station of word fluorescence spectrum, solves the quick direction finding problem of transient signal and homogenous frequency signal.Traditional
Fixed antenna wireless direction finding method, including amplitude comparison method, phase method, Doppler method, time difference method and Estimation of Spatial Spectrum method
Deng being realized using electronic circuit, it is impossible to utilize digital phosphor frequency spectrum data, also can not just realize fixed antenna direction-finding station.
The direction-finding method of the present invention, carries out direction finding computing with optimal method in the microprocessor, so can realize glimmering using numeral
The fixed antenna direction-finding station of optical spectrum.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model system structure diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses：
Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, including：
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, and it is respectively that the amplitude-frequency of the radio signal received is special
Levy the monitoring receiving device for being processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carried out wireless
Electrical measurement to microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor.
Embodiment 2
As the utility model another embodiment, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses：
Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, including：
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, in the present embodiment, monitoring receiving device will connect respectively
The amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of directional aerial received is processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carried out wireless
Electrical measurement to microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor；
The directional aerial is log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and compound loop antenna
In one or more combinations.Directional aerial is overpaied in the present embodiment can be entirely log-periodic antenna or whole
All it is yagi aerial or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely complex loop day
Line；Can also overpay directional aerial different types of antenna is respectively adopted.
Embodiment 3
As the utility model another embodiment, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses：
Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, including：
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, in the present embodiment, monitoring receiving device will connect respectively
The amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of directional aerial received is processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carried out wireless
Electrical measurement to microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor；
The directional aerial is log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and compound loop antenna
In one kind.Directional aerial is overpaied in the present embodiment can be entirely log-periodic antenna or entirely yagi aerial
Or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely compound loop antenna；Overpay orientation day
Angle between line all same, any two pairs of directional aerials is not more than the main beam width of directional aerial.
In the present embodiment or overpay directional aerial different types of antenna is respectively adopted, overpay directional aerial
Differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antennas is not more than the average value of two pairs of directional aerial main beam widths.
Antenna number need to meet N >=CEIL in the present embodiment（360/S）, and N >=3, it becomes possible to accurate direction finding, S is represented
Antenna main beam width.
Embodiment 4
As the utility model another embodiment, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses：
Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, including：
4 pairs of known direction features and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, in the present embodiment, monitoring receiving device will connect respectively
The amplitude-frequency characteristic processing fluorescence spectrum data of the radio signal of the every pair of directional aerial received；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carried out wireless
Electrical measurement to microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor；
The directional aerial is log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and compound loop antenna
In one kind.Directional aerial is overpaied in the present embodiment can be entirely log-periodic antenna or entirely yagi aerial
Or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely compound loop antenna；Overpay orientation day
Angle between line all same, any two pairs of directional aerials is not more than the main beam width of directional aerial；
In the present embodiment or overpay directional aerial different types of antenna is respectively adopted, overpay directional aerial
Differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antennas is not more than the average value of two pairs of directional aerial main beam widths；
Radio direction-finding system also includes being used to be connected with microprocessor, signified azimuthal electronics sieve of measurement directional aerial
Disk；The electronic compass and microprocessor two-way communication link；The monitoring receiving device includes radio receiver, frequency sweep frequency
Spectrometer or FFT spectrum instrument.The monitoring receiving device of use and the data match after processing radio signal amplitude-frequency characteristic.
Embodiment 5
Suitable for the single pass direction finding optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system of the utility model multiple antennas
Method can be：Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum wireless direction finding method,
By at least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial, receive radio signal；
Switched by electronic control radio frequency and control to overpay the connection between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device, overpay directional aerial
Connected in turn with monitoring receiving device, directional aerial is by the radio signal transmission received into monitoring receiving device；
The radio signal that receives of directional aerial is received by monitoring receiving device, and by the radio signal received
Amplitude-frequency characteristic be processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
The fluorescence spectrum data that measure of monitoring receiving device are received by microprocessor and analyzed, different azimuth is obtained
Specific frequency and the measured signal intensity of specific instant probability on angle；
Optimization modeling is carried out in the microprocessor, using radio signal azimuth as decision variable, with different orientations
Deviation tires out between upper measured signal intensity and the signal intensity calculated according to the direction character of the directional aerial on the azimuth
Accumulated amount is object function, is set up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；
Calculating is optimized by microprocessor, the signal arrival bearing of specific instant probability in specific frequency is solved, makes
It is signal arrival bearing to obtain the minimum aspect angle of deviation cumulant.
Embodiment 6
Suitable for the single pass direction finding optimized than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system of the utility model multiple antennas
Method can be：Multiple antennas is single pass to be optimized than width fluorescence spectrum wireless direction finding method,
By 4 pairs of known direction features and order to directional aerial, receive radio signal；
Connection between 4 pairs of directional aerials of control and monitoring receiving device, 4 pairs of directional aerial wheels are switched by electronic control radio frequency
Stream is connected with monitoring receiving device, and directional aerial is by the radio signal transmission received into monitoring receiving device；
The radio signal that receives of directional aerial is received by monitoring receiving device, and by the radio signal received
Amplitude-frequency characteristic be processed as fluorescence spectrum data；
The fluorescence spectrum data that measure of monitoring receiving device are received by microprocessor and analyzed, different azimuth is obtained
Specific frequency and the measured signal intensity of specific instant probability on angle；
Optimization modeling is carried out in the microprocessor, using radio signal azimuth as decision variable, with different orientations
Deviation tires out between upper measured signal intensity and the signal intensity calculated according to the direction character of the directional aerial on the azimuth
Accumulated amount is object function, is set up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；In the present embodiment, foundation without constraint Non-Linear Programming mould
Type, can be the LEAST SQUARES MODELS FITTING set up by least square method or the minimum set up by minimum distance method
Furthest Neighbor model；When setting up model by minimum distance method, minimum manhatton distance model can also be set up, can also be set up most
Small Euclidean distance model, can also set up minimum Chebyshev's distance model；
Calculating is optimized by microprocessor, the signal arrival bearing of specific instant probability in specific frequency is solved, makes
It is signal arrival bearing to obtain the minimum aspect angle of deviation cumulant.
Claims (5)
1. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that：Including
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to directional aerial；
For controlling to overpay the electronic control radio frequency switch connected between directional aerial and monitoring receiving device；
For receiving the radio signal that directional aerial is received, and respectively by the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received
Manage the monitoring receiving device for fluorescence spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring receiving device, and the fluorescence spectrum data that monitoring receiving device is measured are handled, carry out wireless electrical measurement
To microprocessor；
The monitoring receiving device sets up two-way communication link with microprocessor.
2. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, its feature
It is：The directional aerial is in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and compound loop antenna
One or more combinations.
3. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 2 is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, its feature
It is：Overpay the main beam width that the angle between directional aerial all same, any two pairs of directional aerials is not more than directional aerial.
4. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 2 is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, its feature
It is：Overpay directional aerial to differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antennas is not more than two pairs of main ripples of directional aerial
The average value of beam width.
5. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system, its feature
It is：Radio direction-finding system also includes being used to be connected with microprocessor, the signified azimuthal electronic compass of measurement directional aerial；
The electronic compass and microprocessor two-way communication link.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105933078A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-07 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | Multi-antenna single-channel radio direction finding system and method having optimal amplitude comparison |
| CN106054124A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-26 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | Multi-antenna single-channel optimal amplitude-comparison fluorescent spectrum radio direction-finding system and method |
-
2016
- 2016-06-23 CN CN201620628745.7U patent/CN206348451U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105933078A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-07 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | Multi-antenna single-channel radio direction finding system and method having optimal amplitude comparison |
| CN106054124A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-26 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | Multi-antenna single-channel optimal amplitude-comparison fluorescent spectrum radio direction-finding system and method |
| CN106054124B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-01-08 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width fluorescence spectrum radio direction-finding system and method |
| CN105933078B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-02-05 | 成都点阵科技有限公司 | The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width radio direction-finding system and method |
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