CN206330494U - Electrical fuze firing energy test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an ignition energy testing device for electric igniting powder, comprising: a test tube, a flying piece, a fixed plug, a vacuum box, a high-speed camera, a recording device, a vacuum pump, a data processing system and a temperature measuring device. Using transformation ideas to convert the ignition energy of the electric igniter powder into the energy received by the flyer, photograph the trajectory of the flyer in the test tube during the ignition of the electric igniter powder under vacuum conditions, simplify it into a physical model, and use mathematical means to process the flyer The relevant data of the motion model is used to solve the kinetic energy of the flying piece, that is, the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy; the temperature measurement device measures the temperature change of the test tube when the electric ignition powder is fired, and the conversion of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is solved The part of thermal energy; the sum of kinetic energy and thermal energy is the ignition energy of the measured electric ignition powder. The utility model solves the difficult problem of dynamic measurement of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder, has a reliable theoretical basis, is convenient to operate, and has accurate measurement results.

Description

Electric ignition powder ignition energy testing device

technical field

The utility model relates to the testing technology of pyrotechnics, in particular to the testing of the ignition energy of electric ignition powder.

Background technique

Commonly used delay electric detonators, the ignition mode of its delay charge is that the electric ignition charge head is heated and burned to ignite. At present, most of the electric ignition powder heads commonly used in my country are bridge wire type and steel sheet type, and a certain amount of ignition powder is coated on it. After the electricity is turned on, the bridge wire or steel sheet heats up to ignite the ignition powder, providing initial energy for the delay charge. The ignition energy produced by the electric ignition charge will make the ignition time and burning speed of the delay charge different, thereby affecting the delay accuracy of the delay electric detonator. So it is still particularly important to test the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder.

Utility model content

The ignition energy testing device of the electric ignition powder provided by the utility model can accurately measure the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder and its dynamic change, and can be used as an evaluation of the performance of the electric ignition powder and a measurement of the impact of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder on the delay accuracy of the delay medicine. It is a test method of the impact, and provides theoretical guidance for improving the accuracy of the delay electric detonator.

The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is: a part of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into the kinetic energy of the surrounding objects, and a part is converted into heat energy, so that the objects in contact with it are heated up; Using a high-speed camera to capture the trajectory of the flyer in the test tube during the ignition of the electric igniter, simplify it into a physical model, use mathematical means to process the relevant data of the flyer motion model, and solve the kinetic energy of the flyer, that is, the electric The part where the ignition energy of the ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy; the temperature measuring device measures the temperature change of the test tube during the ignition process of the electric ignition powder, and calculates the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into heat energy; the sum of kinetic energy and heat energy is the measured Electric pyrotechnic powder emits ignition energy.

Its theoretical derivation is:

The part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy, including rotational kinetic energy and translational kinetic energy: the flyer is a homogeneous rigid disc with mass m, radius R, and thickness h. It is impacted during the test, and the flyer is on one side of the test tube. Rotate around the center of the fly piece while moving forward. The process is decomposed into two processes of fixed-axis rotation and translation along the test tube, and the kinetic energy of the flyer is solved, that is, the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy.

The process of rotating the flyer with fixed axis:

Consider the flyer as composed of several thin rings, take any thin ring with radius r, width dr, and mass dm, the moment of inertia dJ of this thin ring is:

dJ＝r ² dm (1)

in

dm=ρdV=ρ·2πrhdr (2)

ρ is the flyer density, and dV is the volume of the thin ring; substituting formula (2) into formula (1), we can get:

dJ＝2πr ³ hρdr (3)

Integrate formula (3) within the radius of the flyer to solve the moment of inertia J of the flyer around the central axis:

Substitute formula (5) into formula (4):

It can be known from formula (6): J has nothing to do with h, that is, the moment of inertia of the flyer rotating around the central axis has nothing to do with its thickness;

Flyer rotational kinetic energy:

In the formula, E _R is the rotational kinetic energy of the flyer, ω is the rotational angular velocity of the flyer;

The solution method of ω: the high-speed camera shoots the rotation trajectory of the flyer with the engraved line on the side in the test tube, collects the rotation angle of the flyer and the corresponding time, and uses the data processing system to fit the function of the flyer rotation angle α and time T relation, its polynomial equation:

α＝A ₀ +A ₁ T ¹ +A ₂ T ² +A ₃ T ³ +A ₄ T ⁴ +...A _n T ⁿ (8)

In the formula (8), A ₀ ... A _n are undetermined coefficients; the formula (8) is derived from the time T, and the functional relationship between the rotational angular velocity ω of the flying piece around the central axis and the time T is obtained:

Through formula (9), the instantaneous angular velocity ω of the flyer rotating around the central axis at any time is solved;

Substituting equations (6) and (9) into equation (7), we get:

Through formula (10), the rotational kinetic energy and dynamic change of the flyer rotating around the center axis of the circle are solved.

The translational process of the flyer along the test tube:

The high-speed camera shoots the translational trajectory of the flyer in the test tube, collects the translational distance of the flyer and the corresponding moment, and uses the data processing system to fit the relationship between the translational distance D and the time T of the flyer. The polynomial equation:

D＝B ₀ +B ₁ T ¹ +B ₂ T ² +B ₃ T ³ +B ₄ T ⁴ +...B _n T ⁿ (11)

In the formula (11): B ₀ ... B _n are undetermined coefficients, and the formula (11) is derived from the time T, and the polynomial equation of the flying piece translational velocity v and time T is obtained:

By the kinetic energy theorem:

Bring formula (12) into formula (13):

Solve the translational kinetic energy E _L of the flying piece and its dynamic change by formula (14);

The part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into heat energy makes the test tube heat up: assuming that the specific heat capacity of the test tube is C, the mass is M, and the room temperature is t ₀ , use a temperature measuring device to measure the temperature value t of the test tube during the ignition process of the electric ignition powder The dynamic changes of:

t＝C ₀ +C ₁ T ¹ +C ₂ T ² +C ₃ T ³ +C ₄ T ⁴ +...C _n T ⁿ (15)

During the test, the temperature difference Δt between the test tube temperature t and the room temperature varies with time as:

Δt=tt ₀ ＝C ₀ +C ₁ T ¹ +C ₂ T ² +C ₃ T ³ +C ₄ T ⁴ +...C _n T ⁿ -t ₀ (16)

Then the energy Q converted into heat energy is:

Q=C·M·Δt=C·M·(C ₀ +C ₁ T ¹ +C ₂ T ² +C ₃ T ³ +C ₄ T ⁴ +...C _n T ⁿ -t ₀ ) (17)

The ignition energy E of the electric ignition powder is:

E＝E _R +E _L +Q (18)

According to the formula (8), first fit the functional relationship between the angle α of the rotation of the flying piece around the axis of the circle and the time T, and the formula (9) solves the functional relationship between the rotational angular velocity ω of the flying piece and the time T, and combines the formulas (9), (10 ) and flyer mass m, flyer radius R, to solve flyer rotational kinetic energy E _R and its dynamic changes. Then fit the functional relationship between the translational distance D and time T of the flying piece by formula (11), solve the functional relationship between the translational velocity v and time T of the flying piece by formula (12), combine formulas (12), (14) and the flying piece The mass m of the flying piece is used to solve the translational kinetic energy E _L of the flying piece and its dynamic change. Formulas (15), (16), and (17) combine the specific heat capacity C of the test tube, the mass M of the test tube, and the room temperature t ₀ to solve the part of the conversion of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder into heat energy and its dynamic change; according to the formula (10), (14), (17) and (18), solve the ignition energy E and its dynamic change of the electric ignition powder.

In order to realize the above-mentioned process, the device design of the present utility model includes: test tube, flyer, fixed plug, vacuum box, high-speed camera, recording device, vacuum pump, data processing system and temperature measuring device; The hollow transparent rigid tube body of the scale line; the fly piece is a light rigid disc structure, its diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test tube, and the side of the fly piece is provided with a score line; the fixed plug is a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter is the same as the test tube. The inner diameter of the tube fits, and the shaft is provided with a hole, and the aperture is consistent with the outer diameter of the plastic plug on the electric ignition powder head; the vacuum box is a rectangular parallelepiped transparent box, and an air extraction hole and a detonator are arranged on it.

The ignition time of commonly used electric igniter powder is on the order of milliseconds, so the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is at least 1000 frames per second.

The measurement requires ordinary vacuum conditions, and ordinary experimental vacuum pumps are sufficient.

When testing, first pass the foot wire of the electric ignition powder through the hole of the fixing plug until the plastic plug on the electric ignition powder matches the hole of the fixing plug, fix and seal with glue; The fixing plug is inserted into one end of the test tube, fixed by the fixing plug and sealed with glue. Insert the fly piece from the other end of the test tube, push the fly piece to contact with the electric igniter head; connect the foot wire of the electric igniter head to the detonator on the vacuum box, and place the connected test tube horizontally In the vacuum box, seal the vacuum box; use a vacuum pump to pump the vacuum box to a vacuum state through the pumping hole, and seal the pumping hole; place the high-speed camera and the temperature measuring device perpendicular to the axis of the test tube, and connect the high-speed camera and the temperature measuring device to the recording device . Start the high-speed camera, temperature measuring device and recording device; the detonator ignites the electric ignition charge after charging, the flyer rotates in the test tube and moves forward along the axis, and the high-speed camera is turned off after the flyer stops, the movement process of the flyer and the test tube The temperature value is recorded by a recording device. The data processing system fits the motion state function of the flyer during the firing process of the electric ignition powder according to the position of the scale line on the test tube corresponding to the flyer recorded by the recording device at different times, and the corresponding score line on the side of the flyer at different times , to solve the kinetic energy of the flying piece, that is, the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy; combined with the temperature value of the test tube measured by the temperature measuring device, to solve the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into heat energy; the sum of kinetic energy and heat energy , which is the ignition energy of the electric igniter.

The utility model provides an ignition energy testing device for electric igniting powder. The test tube involved is a hollow rigid transparent tube, which is convenient for a high-speed camera to take pictures of the trajectory of the flying piece. The moving distance is used to fit the correlation function of the translational motion of the flyer. The flyer as a whole is a lightweight rigid disc structure, its diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the test tube, which facilitates the movement of the flyer in the test tube, and makes the air pressure on both sides of the flyer consistent with the air pressure in the vacuum box during the vacuuming process , so as to ensure that the flying piece will not move due to the difference in internal and external air pressure during the vacuuming process; because the gap is small, the ignition process of the electric ignition powder is milliseconds, the chemical reaction of the ignition powder is fast, the gas production rate is fast, and the gas quickly moves to the resistance The end of the flyer with small force expands, and a very small amount of gas flows from the narrow gap between the flyer and the test tube to the vacuum box, which has little influence on the motion state of the flyer and the final test result, which can be ignored; the flyer has a certain Thickness, which can well fix the angle of the flyer in the test tube during the movement process; the side of the flyer is provided with a scribe line, which is convenient for the high-speed camera to capture the rotation trajectory of the flyer, and fit the related motion function of the flyer rotation; the disc structure The weight of the flyer is reduced, and the friction between the flyer and the test tube is reduced. The weight is light and the friction is small, which is beneficial to the movement of the flyer. The translational distance of the flyer becomes longer, which is equivalent to expanding the experimental phenomenon. The fitted translational function of the flyer is more accurate. Accurate, making the test results more accurate. A hole is arranged on the central axis of the fixing plug, and the electric ignition charge head can be fixed on one end of the test tube. The vacuum box is transparent, which is convenient for high-speed camera shooting; the setting of the air extraction hole is convenient for the vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum box, and prevents atmospheric pressure from affecting the movement of the flyer, resulting in excessive error in test results.

The advantages and positive effects of the ignition energy testing device of the electric ignition powder provided by the utility model are: the test method and the device can indirectly measure the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy by measuring the motion state of the flying piece; The temperature change of the test tube measured by the temperature measuring device is used to solve the part of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder that is converted into heat energy; the sum of kinetic energy and thermal energy is the ignition energy of the measured electric ignition powder; this can be used to evaluate the performance of the electric ignition powder and explore Influence of the ignition energy of the electric ignition charge on the delay accuracy of the delay charge. The utility model has reliable theoretical basis, convenient operation and accurate measurement result, which provides certain theoretical basis for actual production.

The technical scheme of the ignition energy testing device for electric ignition powder provided by the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the test tube structure schematic diagram of the utility model electric ignition charge firing energy test device;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the flyer structure of the utility model electric ignition charge firing energy testing device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the flying piece and the test tube of the electric ignition charge ignition energy testing device of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the ignition energy testing device of the electric ignition charge of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the ignition energy testing device of the electric ignition powder of the utility model.

detailed description

The high-speed camera is NAC Memr ecam HX-3 color high-speed camera with a shooting frequency of 1.3 million fps.

The vacuum pump adopts the Fujiwara FUJIWARA type two-stage vacuum pump, and the vacuum degree can reach -98kpa.

During the test, pass the foot line 3 of the electric ignition powder through the hole of the fixed plug 4, until the plastic plug on the electric ignition powder matches the hole of the fixed plug 4, fix and seal with glue; The fixed plug 4 is inserted into one end of the test tube 1, fixed by the fixed plug 4, and sealed with glue. The flying piece 2 is inserted from the other end of the test tube 1, and the flying piece 2 is pushed to contact with the electric ignition powder, and the foot line 3 of the electric ignition powder is sealed and connected to the detonator 8 on the vacuum box 6; The final test tube 1 is horizontally placed in the vacuum box 6, and the vacuum box 6 is sealed; the inside of the vacuum box 6 is evacuated to a vacuum state through the air hole 7 with a vacuum pump, and the air hole 7 is sealed; the high-speed camera 9 and the temperature measuring device 5 are perpendicular to the The test tube 1 is placed on the axis, and the recording device 10 is connected with the high-speed camera 9 and the temperature measuring device 5 . Start the high-speed camera 9, the temperature measuring device 5 and the recording device 10; the detonator 8 ignites the electric ignition charge after charging, and the flyer 2 rotates forward along the axis of the test tube 1; the flyer 2 stops and then closes the high-speed camera 9 , the movement process of the flyer 2 and the temperature change of the test tube 1 are recorded by the recording device 10 .

According to the position of the scale line on the test tube 1 corresponding to the different moments of the flyer 2 recorded by the recording device 10, and the corresponding marking lines on the side of the flyer 2 at different times, the data processing system fits the flyer during the firing process of the electric ignition powder. 2, the motion state function of 2 indirectly measures the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy, and the temperature change of the test tube 1 measured by the temperature measuring device 5 solves the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into heat energy; kinetic energy and The sum of the heat energy is the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder.

Embodiment one

Referring to Figure 1, the test tube 1 is a hollow transparent quartz tube with a length of 550 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.50 mm. There are scale lines with a measuring range of 550 mm on it, and adjacent scale values are 1 mm.

Referring to Figure 2, the flyer 2 is a disc structure, made of colored lightweight high-strength quartz, with a diameter of 9.96mm and a thickness of 1mm. There are 360 engraved lines at equal intervals on its side, and the corresponding central angle of two adjacent engraved lines is 1°. . The color flyer makes the motion state of the flyer captured by the high-speed camera clearer, which is beneficial to the improvement of measurement accuracy.

Referring to FIG. 3 , put the fly piece 2 into the test tube 1 .

Referring to Figure 4, the outer diameter of the fixed plug 4 is 10 mm, and the shaft is provided with a hole with an aperture of 8 mm, and the foot line 3 of the bridge wire type electric ignition powder head is passed through the hole of the fixed plug 4 to the plastic plug on the electric ignition powder head and the fixed plug. The holes of 4 are matched with each other, fixed and sealed with glue; the fixed plug 4 with the electric ignition powder tip is inserted from one end of the test tube 1, and the glue is fixed and sealed; the flying piece 2 is inserted from the other end of the test tube 1 and pushed to the In contact with the electric ignition powder tip.

Referring to Fig. 5, connect the pin line 3 of the electric ignition powder head to the detonator 8 in a sealed manner, place the connected test tube 1 horizontally in the vacuum box 6, seal the vacuum box 6, and use a vacuum pump to pump the vacuum box through the air hole 7. 6. Vacuumize and seal the air hole 7. The high-speed camera 9 and the temperature measuring device 5 are placed perpendicular to the axis of the test tube 1. The high-speed camera 9 and the temperature measuring device 5 are connected to the recording device 10.

Combined with the above theoretical derivation, the data processing system fits the electric ignition powder according to the position of the scale line on the test tube 1 corresponding to the different moments of the flyer 2 recorded by the recording device 10, and the corresponding marking lines on the side of the flyer 2 at different times. The motion state function of the flying piece 2 in the ignition process indirectly measures the part where the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder is converted into kinetic energy; the temperature change of the test tube 1 measured by the temperature measuring device 5 solves the conversion of the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder into The part of thermal energy; the sum of kinetic energy and thermal energy is the ignition energy of the electric ignition powder.

Embodiment two

The method and device of the present invention can also be used to measure the ignition energy of the detonator, which is similar to the first embodiment and will not be repeated here.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present utility model. Under the premise of not departing from the design concept of the present utility model, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present utility model should fall into the protection scope of the present utility model, and the technology claimed by the utility model The contents are all described in the claims.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of electrical fuze firing energy test device, it is characterised in that including：Testing tube, film flying, fixed plug, vacuum Case, high-speed camera, tape deck, vavuum pump, data handling system and temperature measuring equipment；The fixed plug is cylindrical structure, External diameter 10mm, agrees with the internal diameter of testing tube；The axis apertured footpath 8mm of fixed plug hole, with the modeling on electrical fuze Expect that the external diameter of plug is consistent, the vacuum tank is a cuboid glass box, provided with aspirating hole and exploder.